CN102583915B - Method for processing oily sludge in oil field - Google Patents
Method for processing oily sludge in oil field Download PDFInfo
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- CN102583915B CN102583915B CN 201210023784 CN201210023784A CN102583915B CN 102583915 B CN102583915 B CN 102583915B CN 201210023784 CN201210023784 CN 201210023784 CN 201210023784 A CN201210023784 A CN 201210023784A CN 102583915 B CN102583915 B CN 102583915B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for processing oily sludge in an oil field, which comprises the following steps of: carrying out filter pressing and filtering after primarily filtering; under the heating state of 90-120DEG C, filtering by a filter screen of 18-35 meshes; carrying out secondary filtering by the filter screen of 70-120 meshes; adding emulsion breaker and heating to 45-60DEG C; standing until three phases of oil, water and solid are layered; separating upper-layer liquid to obtain crude oil; separating middle-layer liquid to obtain free water; after the crude oil and the free water are obtained, naturally drying the residual slag until the moisture content is less than 40%; and mixing at the volume ratio of slag to fire coal of (2-3):10 to obtain fuel. The method for processing oily sludge in an oil field has high crude oil recovery rate, more than 50% of crude oil in the oily sludge can be recovered, the processing cost of the oily sludge is indirectly lowered, and the economic value for processing the oily sludge is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oil field and contain the treatment process of mud, will contain mud and carry out recycling treatment, make and contain mud and have certain recycling and be worth.
Background technology
In oilfield enterprise's production process, produce inevitably a large amount of oily sludges, such as the tank bottom oil sludge that crude oil is stored, source mill stands, the ground sludge in the clean-out service, the oily sludge that the oil pipe breakage causes etc.The complicated component of oily sludge, wherein main component water accounts for the 90-98% of cumulative volume, if unprocessed direct discharging meeting havoc physical environment, other oil-containing part crude oil in the oily sludge, if can extract and recycle, both can alleviate greasy filth to the pollution of environment, also can make oily sludge utilization of resources maximization.Therefore, be necessary to design a New technology for oil sludge processing, really realize minimizing, innoxious, resource utilization target that greasy filth is disposed.
Domestic treatment process for oily sludge mainly comprises at present: (1) natural sedimentation (2) chemical extraction method (3) burning method (4) landfill method.Wherein, the natural sedimentation working efficiency is low, and is affected by environment large.And there is problem of environmental pollution in chemical extraction method, and chemical technology easily causes former oil quality to change.Adopt burning method to process greasy filth, although realized to a certain extent the resource utilization of greasy filth, fail crude oil is extract from greasy filth, resource utilization is not high.Consider that from the environment protection angle natural sedimentation and chemical extraction method are not considered the greasy filth slag after the crude oil extraction is processed.Landfill method be only suitable for processing oleaginousness little contain mud, but still may contaminated soil and underground water.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of process for treating oil-containing sludge, realize the minimizing of oily sludge, innoxious and recycling treatment, improve simultaneously the crude oil recovery rate.
In order to realize above purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind for the treatment of process of Sludge in Oilfields:
1) oily sludge is tentatively filtered by the 300-500 mesh filter screen;
2) step 1) the oily sludge weight 1/1000～5/1000 after preliminary the filtration added the flocculation agent stirring reaction 2～3 hours, filter-press dehydration after the stirring flocculation;
3) with step 2) after oily sludge behind the filter-press dehydration is heated to 90-120 ℃, by 18-35 purpose strainer filtering, again by 70-120 purpose filter screen secondary filtration;
4) to step 3) add the emulsion splitter of its weight 1/500～3/500 in the oily sludge behind the secondary filtration, be heated to 45-60 ℃, leave standstill and treat the solid three-phase layering of profit, separate upper strata liquid and obtain crude oil, separate middle level liquid and obtain free-water;
5) after obtaining crude oil and free-water step 4), remaining residue natural drying to water content is lower than 40%, and according to residue and coal-fired volume ratio 2-3: 10 are mixed and made into fuel.
Described emulsion splitter is alkyl phenolic resin block polyether or phenol amine aldehyde resin block polyether.
Before oily sludge tentatively filters natural subsidence 1-2 days.
Step 5) the described fuel that obtains returns step 2 through burning the heat that obtains) and step 4) heating usefulness.
Step 4) described time of repose is 5-8 hour.
Step 2) described filter-press dehydration adopts spiral dewater to carry out processed.
Step 3) strainer of filtering 0.5mm solid particulate is set between described twice filtration.
Step 3) strainer of filtering 0.1mm solid particulate is set after the described secondary filtration.
Process for treating oil-containing sludge of the present invention, adopt the preliminary technical scheme of separating with the flocculation filter-press dehydration of filtering, water content in the oily sludge is down to 60-71%, then carrying out cascade filtration and breakdown of emulsion under heated condition processes, make the oily sludge upper, middle and lower be layered as the solid three-phase of profit, obtain crude oil, free-water and residue after separating respectively.
Process for treating oil-containing sludge of the present invention, dehydration rate height and dewatering process are simple, are easy to dispose on the spot enforcement, can significantly reduce the water content of oily sludge behind the filter-press dehydration, convenient to the transportation of the oily sludge after the dehydration, realized the minimizing of disposal of oily sludge.Process for treating oil-containing sludge of the present invention, the crude oil that obtains after the processing, free-water and residue have corresponding purposes, the crude oil recoverable, free-water can recycle by reinjection into reservoir, residue can mix with fire coal the use that acts as a fuel, realize the resource utilization of disposal of oily sludge and innoxious, had good energy conservation and consumption reduction effects, significantly reduced the pollution of oily sludge to environment.
Process for treating oil-containing sludge of the present invention, the rate of recovery of crude oil is high, can reclaim the crude oil more than 50% in the oily sludge, has indirectly reduced the cost of disposal of oily sludge, has greatly improved the economic worth of disposal of oily sludge.
In addition, as further improvement, heating the heat that adopts in the process for treating oil-containing sludge of the present invention can be provided with the coal-fired fuel combustion that mixes by residue fully, and the unnecessary heat of fuel combustion can be used for life thermal source or generating are provided, and further improved the resource utilization of disposal of oily sludge.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is process flow sheet of the present invention, and A is oily sludge among the figure, the free-water of B for obtaining after processing, and 1 is preliminary filtering basin, 2 is spiral dewater, and 3 is grate pipe heater, and 4 is filter screen, and 5 is the single filter pond, 6 is oil well pump, and 7 is strainer (0.5mm), and 8 is overhead tank, 9 is tank wagon, and 10 is raw coal conveyer belt, and 11 is mixer, 12 is boiler, and 13 for stacking the pond, and 14 is the cascade filtration pond, 15 is strainer (0.1mm), and 16 is sewage valve, and 17 is oil well pump.
Below in conjunction with process flow sheet process for treating oil-containing sludge of the present invention is explained in detail:
Embodiment 1
1, greasy filth preliminary treatment
Set up and stack the pond, 520 tons of the oily sludges that will collect from production unit, water content is 93%, contain crude oil 1.2%, put it into stacking pond 13 and carried out natural subsidence 1 day, remove solid phase object larger in the original oily sludge, if it is less not contain larger solid phase object or content in the oily sludge of collecting, then can directly be for further processing;
2, the dehydration of oily sludge
The liquid phase oily sludge of stacking in the pond pumps in the filtering basin 1, tentatively filter by 5 mesh filter screens, obtain 518 tons of oily sludges after preliminary the filtration, mix the flocculation agent polyacrylamide according to 1/1000 of its quality, with 30 rev/mins speed stir process after 30 minutes, utilize spiral dewater 2 to carry out processed, the oily sludge water ratio after the dehydration is 62%, 3 times of reductions in bulk.
3, one-level cascade filtration
The oily sludge that tentatively filters is filtered by single filter pond 5 and cascade filtration pond 14 respectively, be respectively arranged with filter screen 4 in two filtering basin, the filter screen that single filter adopts is 18 orders, the filter screen that cascade filtration adopts is 70 orders, single filter pond 5 and cascade filtration pond 14 are equipped with grate pipe heater 3, oil well pump 6 and strainer 7 are set between single filter pond 5 and the cascade filtration pond 14, strainer 7 is used for removing by filter the above solid impurity (generally adopting 35 purpose filter screens) of 0.5mm, and oil well pump 6 is for delivery of oily sludge; When single filter and cascade filtration oily sludge is heated to 90 ℃, reduces the viscosity of oily sludge to 0.13Pas, be beneficial to the carrying out of single filter and cascade filtration;
4, crude oil recovery
350 tons of oily sludges will be obtained behind the cascade filtration, it is carried and be transferred in the overhead tank 8 by strainer 15 by oil well pump 17, its middle filtrator 15 is used for removing by filter the above solid impurity (generally adopting 120 mesh filter screens) of 0.1mm, add emulsion splitter alkyl phenolic resin block polyether according to oily sludge weight 1/500, utilize steam heating that oily sludge is heated to 45 ℃, leave standstill after 5 hours the oily sludge upper, middle and lower and be divided into the solid three-phase of profit, extract the upper strata and obtain 3.3 tons of crude oil, the crude oil recovery rate is 53%, crude oil is transported recycling by tank wagon 9, and then extract the middle level and obtain 300 tons of free-waters, free-water can recycle by reinjection into reservoir;
5, the moulded coal blending is burned
Remaining residue is 42 tons behind extraction crude oil and the free-water, water content is 51% in the residue, after residue natural drying to water ratio is lower than 40%, mix through stirrer 11 with the raw coal of raw coal conveyer belt 10 inputs, the volume ratio of residue and raw coal is 2: 10, enter steam boiler after the mixing and carry out burning disposal, burn heat and in steam boiler 12, produces the heating usefulness that steam is used for step 4, can pass into also that the filtration step to step 3 heats in the grate pipe heater.
Embodiment 2
1, greasy filth preliminary treatment
Set up and stack the pond, 658 tons of the oily sludges that will collect from production unit, water content is 95%, contain crude oil 1.6%, put it into stacking pond 13 and carried out natural subsidence 1.5 days, remove solid phase object larger in the original oily sludge, if it is less not contain larger solid phase object or content in the oily sludge of collecting, then can directly be for further processing;
2, the dehydration of oily sludge
The liquid phase oily sludge of stacking in the pond pumps in the filtering basin 1, tentatively filter by 5 mesh filter screens, obtain 650 tons of oily sludges after preliminary the filtration, mix the flocculation agent polyacrylamide according to 3/1000 of its quality, with 30 rev/mins speed stir process after 30 minutes, utilize spiral dewater 2 to carry out processed, the oily sludge water ratio after the dehydration is 55%.
3, one-level cascade filtration
The oily sludge that tentatively filters is filtered by single filter pond 5 and cascade filtration pond 14 respectively, be respectively arranged with filter screen 4 in two filtering basin, the filter screen that single filter adopts is 25 orders, the filter screen that cascade filtration adopts is 90 orders, single filter pond 5 and cascade filtration pond 14 are equipped with grate pipe heater 3, oil well pump 6 and strainer 7 are set between single filter pond 5 and the cascade filtration pond 14, and strainer 7 is used for removing by filter the above solid impurity of 0.5mm, and oil well pump 6 is for delivery of oily sludge; When single filter and cascade filtration oily sludge is heated to 100 ℃, reduces the viscosity of oily sludge to 0.14Pas, be beneficial to the carrying out of single filter and cascade filtration;
4, crude oil recovery
367 tons of oily sludges will be obtained behind the cascade filtration, it is carried and be transferred in the overhead tank 8 by strainer 15 by oil well pump 17, its middle filtrator 15 is used for removing by filter the above solid impurity of 0.1mm, add emulsion splitter phenol amine aldehyde resin block polyether according to oily sludge weight 2/500, utilize steam heating that oily sludge is heated to 55 ℃, leave standstill after 6 hours the oily sludge upper, middle and lower and be divided into the solid three-phase of profit, extract the upper strata and obtain 5.7 tons of crude oil, the crude oil recovery rate is 54%, crude oil is transported recycling by tank wagon 9, and then extract the middle level and obtain 309 tons of free-waters, free-water can recycle by reinjection into reservoir;
5, the moulded coal blending is burned
Remaining residue is 52 tons behind extraction crude oil and the free-water, water content is 49% in the residue, after residue natural drying to water ratio is lower than 40%, mix through stirrer 11 with the raw coal of raw coal conveyer belt 10 inputs, the volume ratio of residue and raw coal is 2.5: 10, enter steam boiler after the mixing and carry out burning disposal, burn heat and in steam boiler 12, produces the heating usefulness that steam is used for step 4, can pass into also that the filtration step to step 3 heats in the grate pipe heater.
Embodiment 3
1, greasy filth preliminary treatment
Set up and stack the pond, 956 tons of the oily sludges that will collect from production unit, water content is 97%, contain crude oil 1.3%, put it into stacking pond 13 and carried out natural subsidence 2 days, remove solid phase object larger in the original oily sludge, if it is less not contain larger solid phase object or content in the oily sludge of collecting, then can directly be for further processing;
2, the dehydration of oily sludge
The liquid phase oily sludge of stacking in the pond pumps in the filtering basin 1, tentatively filter by 5 mesh filter screens, obtain 951 tons of oily sludges after preliminary the filtration, mix the flocculation agent polyacrylamide according to 1/1000 of its quality, with 30 rev/mins speed stir process after 30 minutes, utilize spiral dewater 2 to carry out processed, the oily sludge water ratio after the dehydration is 50%.
3, one-level cascade filtration
The oily sludge that tentatively filters is filtered by single filter pond 5 and cascade filtration pond 14 respectively, be respectively arranged with filter screen 4 in two filtering basin, the filter screen that single filter adopts is 35 orders, the filter screen that cascade filtration adopts is 120 orders, single filter pond 5 and cascade filtration pond 14 are equipped with grate pipe heater 3, oil well pump 6 and strainer 7 are set between single filter pond 5 and the cascade filtration pond 14, and strainer 7 is used for removing by filter the above solid impurity of 0.5mm, and oil well pump 6 is for delivery of oily sludge; When single filter and cascade filtration oily sludge is heated to 120 ℃, reduces the viscosity of oily sludge to 0.09Pas, be beneficial to the carrying out of single filter and cascade filtration;
4, crude oil recovery
621 tons of oily sludges will be obtained behind the cascade filtration, it is carried and be transferred in the overhead tank 8 by strainer 15 by oil well pump 17, its middle filtrator 15 is used for removing by filter the above solid impurity of 0.1mm, add emulsion splitter alkyl phenolic resin block polyether according to oily sludge weight 1/500, utilize steam heating that oily sludge is heated to 60 ℃, leave standstill after 8 hours the oily sludge upper, middle and lower and be divided into the solid three-phase of profit, extract the upper strata and obtain 7.5 tons of crude oil, the crude oil recovery rate is 60%, crude oil is transported recycling by tank wagon 9, and then extract the middle level and obtain 550 tons of free-waters, free-water can recycle by reinjection into reservoir;
5, the moulded coal blending is burned
Remaining residue is 63 tons behind extraction crude oil and the free-water, water content is 53% in the residue, after residue natural drying to water ratio is lower than 40%, mix through stirrer 11 with the raw coal of raw coal conveyer belt 10 inputs, the volume ratio of residue and raw coal is 2.5: 10, become the elliposoidal coal briquette of diameter 4cm after mixing by the molding coal machine roll pressed, then join steam boiler and carry out burning disposal, burn heat and in steam boiler, produces the heating usefulness that steam is used for step 4, can pass into also that the filtration step to step 3 heats in the grate pipe heater.
Claims (8)
1. the treatment process of a Sludge in Oilfields is characterized in that:
1) oily sludge is tentatively filtered by 5 mesh filter screens;
2) the oily sludge weight 1/1000～5/1000 after the preliminary filtration of step 1) added the flocculation agent stirring reaction 2～3 hours, filter-press dehydration after the stirring flocculation;
3) with step 2) after oily sludge behind the filter-press dehydration is heated to 90-120 ℃, by 18-35 purpose strainer filtering, the filter screen secondary filtration by the 70-120 purpose again;
4) add the emulsion splitter of its weight 1/500～3/500 in the oily sludge behind the step 3) secondary filtration, be heated to 45-60 ℃, leave standstill and treat the solid three-phase layering of profit, separate upper strata liquid and obtain crude oil, separate middle level liquid and obtain free-water;
5) obtain crude oil and free-water in the step 4) after, remaining residue natural drying to water content is lower than 40%, is mixed and made into fuel according to residue and coal-fired volume ratio 2-3:10.
2. the treatment process of Sludge in Oilfields according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described flocculation agent is polyacrylamide.
3. the treatment process of Sludge in Oilfields according to claim 1 is characterized in that: before oily sludge tentatively filters natural subsidence 1-2 days.
4. the treatment process of Sludge in Oilfields according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described fuel that step 5) obtains returns step 2 through burning the heat that obtains) and step 4) heat usefulness.
5. the treatment process of Sludge in Oilfields according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described time of repose of step 4) is 5-8 hour.
6. the treatment process of Sludge in Oilfields according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step 2) described filter-press dehydration adopts spiral dewater to carry out processed.
7. the treatment process of Sludge in Oilfields according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the strainer that the above solid particulate of filtering 0.5mm is set between described twice filtration of step 3).
8. the treatment process of Sludge in Oilfields according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the strainer that the above solid particulate of filtering 0.1mm is set after the described secondary filtration of step 3).
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| CN103803764B (en) * | 2012-11-07 | 2015-01-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Oily sludge demulsifier and preparation method thereof |
| CN103127772B (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2014-12-03 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Device and method for eliminating sand of crude oil of laboratory |
| CN104341081B (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2016-08-17 | 麦王环境技术股份有限公司 | Greasy filth separates and the method for innocent treatment reclaimed |
| CN104418474B (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2016-03-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of high efficient cryogenic greasy filth emulsion splitter and preparation method thereof |
| CN103739137B (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2015-09-16 | 大庆市富杰化工有限公司 | The harmless treatment recovery method of oilfield sump oil and device |
| CN103833105B (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2016-03-23 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | A kind of method containing gathering oil-sludge treatment and crude oil recovery |
| CN104789259B (en) * | 2015-05-09 | 2017-01-11 | 山东泰然生物工程有限公司 | Filtering separation device for biomass pyrolytic heavy oil sludge and separation process thereof |
| CN105621831A (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-06-01 | 海乐分离设备工程（无锡）有限公司 | Crude oil storage tank cleaning and oil sludge treatment system |
| CN105668961B (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2019-04-09 | 北京天灏柯润环境科技有限公司 | Sludge treatment equipment and method |
| CN106336107A (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2017-01-18 | 安尼康（福建）环保设备有限公司 | Continuously operating vacuum material box and solid-liquid separation system |
| CN107324636A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-11-07 | 李成春 | A kind of ground sludge harmless treatment retracting device and its processing recovery method |
| CN108821522A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-11-16 | 陕西中环信环保科技有限公司 | A kind of technique of waste oil mud extract oil |
| CN111204954A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2020-05-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Demulsifying agent for oil-containing sludge |
| CN109908821B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2022-10-28 | 辽宁泓新科技成果转化服务有限公司 | Remote control device of demulsifier |
| CN113955911A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-01-21 | 东营金邦管道工程有限公司 | Dehydration method for residual sludge in oil refinery |
| CN115583780A (en) * | 2022-10-13 | 2023-01-10 | 山东京阳科技股份有限公司 | Oily sludge treatment method |
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| US4383927A (en) * | 1982-03-08 | 1983-05-17 | Nalco Chemical Company | Recovery of oil from oily sludges |
| CN1127455C (en) * | 2000-11-21 | 2003-11-12 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司乌鲁木齐石化分公司 | Three-phase separation process for oily mud in oil refinery |
| CN101941825B (en) * | 2010-09-06 | 2012-07-04 | 广东绿由环保科技股份有限公司 | Environment-friendly brick produced from combustion slag of oil-bearing sludge reclaimed coal and manufacturing method thereof |
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