A kind of highly effective anaerobic reaction device
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical fields such as environmental protection, chemical industry, biological fermentation, be specifically related to a kind of new and effective anaerobic reaction device, be specially adapted to the anaerobic biological treatment of organic waste water.
Background technology
Anaerobic Microbiological Treatment Technology is a kind of low-cost technologies that wastewater treatment and energy recovery utilization are combined.Under anaerobic, utilize self metabolism of microorganism, the organic pollutant in the waste water is changed into biogas, thereby make sewage reach the process of purification.Compare with the aerobe processing, anaerobic biological treatment has power consumption to be lacked, and sludge yield is low, can reclaim the advantage of clean energy (biogas), is one of effective means that realizes recycling economy, has a extensive future.
Over nearly 30 years, along with the development of bio-science technology and people to the going deep into of anaerobic technology principle understanding, the anaerobe reaction technology is able to develop rapidly, for the processing of high-concentration industrial organic waste water and sanitary sewage provides important means.At present, anaerobic biological reactor has been developed to the third generation.First-generation anaerobic biological reactor is take common anaerobic digester as representative, and its characteristic feature is: reactor is full mixing, does not have sludge circulation, and processing efficiency is lower.S-generation anaerobic biological reactor is take upflow anaerobic sludge blanket process (UASB) reactor as representative, and its characteristic feature is: be provided with three-phase separating device in it, and the sludge circulation utilization, processing efficiency is improved.Third generation anaerobic biological reactor is take anaerobic internal circulation reactor (IC) as representative, its characteristic feature is: on the basis of UASB, arrange two-layer or multilayer three-phase separating device reinforcement three phase separating efficiency, set up internal recycle and improve stirring intensity, improve the muddy water mixed effect, alleviate to a certain extent the problems such as short stream, channel and dead angle, improved the treatment efficiency of reactor.
Use at present wide, the third generation anaerobic reactor take the IC reactor as representative, still have the following disadvantages: (1) highly relies on triphase separator, and the triphase separator complex structure, difficult design, cost is higher.(2) the three phase separation process checks and balance, and when upflow velocity was higher, separating effect significantly descended especially, and effluent quality worsens.(3) bubble is assembled the formation malleation in mixed solution, and overflows from mixed solution under this malleation drives, and belongs to passive separation.(4) highly rely on granule sludge, and the cultivation of granule sludge is very difficult, causes start-up period long.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of new and effective anaerobic reaction device, and this device has good water treatment effect.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of highly effective anaerobic reaction device, this device comprise the uncovered urceolus in upper end, be positioned at the water distributor of urceolus bottom and place the suspension reaction cylinder of urceolus upper and lower opening, and described water distributor is connected with water inlet pipe; Interlayer bottom between described urceolus and the suspension reaction cylinder is provided with the solid-liquid separation membrane module, and solid-liquid separation membrane module lower end connects rising pipe; Interlayer top between described urceolus and the suspension reaction cylinder is provided with water sealed tank, and the gas collection top cover stretches into and forms the water seal district in the water sealed tank that water is housed, and the gas collection top cover is connected with vapor pipe.Wherein, suspension reaction cylinder, water sealed tank and solid-liquid separation membrane module can weld by the inwall with urceolus, thereby are fixed on corresponding position.
Concrete, described suspension reaction cylinder lower port internal diameter is divided into from top to bottom three sections and is followed successively by lower shell, the first convergent cylinder and upper shell greater than the upper port internal diameter; The first convergent cylinder integral body is frustum, and the inclined-plane tangent line of the first convergent cylinder and the angle beta of horizontal direction be (preferred 45 °~60 °) between 0 °~90 °.
Water exit spacing H between described the first convergent cylinder and the water sealed tank
2(see figure 1) between 0.01~10m.
Described urceolus bottom is connected with shore pipe; The upper port internal diameter of urceolus is divided into from top to bottom three sections and is followed successively by upper shell, the second convergent cylinder and lower shell greater than the lower port internal diameter; The second convergent cylinder integral body is the inversed taper platform shape, and the inclined-plane tangent line of the second convergent cylinder and the angle [alpha] of horizontal direction be (preferred 45 °~60 °) between 0 °~90 °; Also can be set to curved surface.
The water distribution mode of described water distributor is a pipe one hole, a pipe porous, dendritic or ring-type etc.
The effective separation aperture of described solid-liquid separation membrane module arranges fluid level controller in the described water sealed tank between 0.01 μ m~1cm.
Connect successively first flow meter, intake pump and the first valve on the pipeline of described water inlet pipe; Connect successively the second valve, off-gas pump and weather gage on the pipeline of described vapor pipe.
Described rising pipe is divided into two branch roads, connects successively the 3rd valve, lift pump and the 3rd under meter on the pipeline of one of them branch road; Connect successively the 4th valve, backwashing pump and the 4th under meter on the pipeline of another branch road.
This highly effective anaerobic reaction device is divided into five parts: water inlet water distributing area (the water distributor part of urceolus bottom, be the A district among Fig. 1), Sludge Bed reaction zone (lower shell of urceolus and the second convergent cylinder part, be the B district among Fig. 1), suspension reaction district (suspension reaction cylinder part, be the C district among Fig. 1), (inside of gas collection top cover, the preferential disengaging zone of gas, be the D district among Fig. 1) and solid-liquid displacement zone (the solid-liquid separation membrane components of interlayer between urceolus and the suspension reaction cylinder, i.e. E district among Fig. 1); These five districts arrange from top to bottom successively, and adjacent connection.This reaction unit and pipeline are metal, nonmetal or composite.Used valve can be stopping valve, ball valve, gate valve or butterfly valve etc.
Described solid-liquid displacement zone is arranged in the suspension reaction district outside, can arrange one or morely, perhaps arranges in one week around the suspension reaction district.The solid-liquid displacement zone top arranges for opening wide.The solid-liquid separation membrane module can be set to one or more parallel connections in the solid-liquid displacement zone.Solid-liquid displacement zone bottom is (being the bottom of urceolus the second convergent cylinder) and the suspension reaction cylinder lower shell spacing H between bottom bottom
1(see figure 1) between 0.01~10m.Described gas collection top cover inside is the preferential disengaging zone of gas, and the gas collection top cover places and forms the water seal district in the water sealed tank that water is housed; The water seal district is one or more.
Waste water enters the urceolus of reaction unit by water inlet pipe and water distributor by the bottom, passes through successively Sludge Bed reaction zone and suspension reaction district by the up-flow effect, finishes anaerobic biodegradation at this; Top, suspension reaction district is the preferential disengaging zone of gas, and the gas that biological respinse produces is discharged under the artificial negative pressure of making drives; Mixed solution rises along suspension reaction cylinder upper shell, and the water exit between the first convergent cylinder and water sealed tank enters solid-liquid displacement zone, and under the pressure centrifugation of solid-liquid separation membrane module, water outlet is discharged by rising pipe, and mud is concentrated; Mud after concentrated is back to the top of Sludge Bed reaction zone from the solid-liquid displacement zone bottom.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the novel anaerobic reaction device of nothing of the present invention " triphase separator " is:
1) mixed gas that the anaerobe reaction is produced is preferentially discharged under the artificial negative pressure of making drives, thereby has solved the difficult problem that the three phase separation process checks and balance in the puzzlement third generation anaerobic biological reactor application practice.
2) the artificial subnormal ambient of making has significantly improved the efficient that gas separates so that bubble changes initiatively discharge into by the passive effusion from mixed solution from mixed solution.
3) the present invention utilizes the solid-liquid separation membrane module to realize that the pressure of solid-liquid separates, and has solved upflow velocity corruptible problem of effluent quality when higher.The loss of anaerobic sludge has been stopped in the mechanical grading effect of solid-liquid separation membrane module, has thoroughly broken away from the dependence of anaerobic biological reactor to granule sludge.
4) the suspension reaction cylinder upper shell liquid level renewal speed of reaction unit of the present invention is very fast, has avoided the formation of scum layer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of highly effective anaerobic reaction device of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below by preferred embodiment the present invention is described in further detail, but protection domain of the present invention is not limited to this.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of highly effective anaerobic reaction device, this device comprise the uncovered urceolus 1 in upper end, be positioned at the water distributor 3 of urceolus 1 bottom and place the suspension reaction cylinder 2 of urceolus 1 upper and lower opening, and described water distributor 3 is connected with water inlet pipe 4; Interlayer bottom between described urceolus 1 and the suspension reaction cylinder 2 is provided with solid-liquid separation membrane module 6, and solid-liquid separation membrane module 6 lower ends connect rising pipe 7; Interlayer top between described urceolus 1 and the suspension reaction cylinder 2 is provided with water sealed tank 10, and gas collection top cover 11 stretches into the water sealed tank 10 interior formation water seal districts that water is housed, and gas collection top cover 11 is connected with vapor pipe 5.Wherein, suspension reaction cylinder 2, water sealed tank 10 and solid-liquid separation membrane module 6 weld by the inwall with urceolus 1, are fixed on corresponding position.Solid-liquid separation membrane module 6 adopts common commercially available prod to get final product, and the used solid-liquid separation membrane module 6 of the present invention is available from the Henan Province blue water technology of letter company limited, model HL-300D/96F-36S1.
Described suspension reaction cylinder 2 lower port internal diameters are divided into from top to bottom three sections and are followed successively by lower shell 27, the first convergent cylinder 28 and upper shell 29 greater than the upper port internal diameter; The first convergent cylinder 28 integral body are frustum, preferred 60 ° of the inclined-plane tangent line of the first convergent cylinder 28 and the angle beta of horizontal direction.Water exit spacing H between described the first convergent cylinder 28 and the water sealed tank 10
2Be 1m.
Described urceolus 1 bottom is connected with shore pipe 9; The upper port internal diameter of urceolus 1 is divided into from top to bottom three sections and is followed successively by upper shell 26, the second convergent cylinder 25 and lower shell 24 greater than the lower port internal diameter; The second convergent cylinder 25 integral body are the inversed taper platform shape, preferred 45 ° of the inclined-plane tangent line of the second convergent cylinder 25 and the angle [alpha] of horizontal direction.
The water distribution mode of described water distributor 3 is a pipe microporous.The effective separation aperture of described solid-liquid separation membrane module 6 between 0.01 μ m~1cm, the described water sealed tank 10 interior fluid level controllers that arrange.
Connect successively first flow meter 12, intake pump 13 and the first valve 14 on the pipeline of described water inlet pipe 4; Connect successively the second valve 21, off-gas pump 22 and weather gage 23 on the pipeline of described vapor pipe 5.Described rising pipe 7 is divided into two branch roads, one of them branch road pipeline on connect successively the 3rd valve 18, lift pump 19 and the 3rd under meter 20; Connect successively the 4th valve 15, backwashing pump 16 and the 4th under meter 17 on the pipeline of another branch road 8.
This highly effective anaerobic reaction device is divided into five parts: water inlet water distributing area (the A district among Fig. 1), Sludge Bed reaction zone (the B district among Fig. 1), suspension reaction district (the C district among Fig. 1), the preferential disengaging zone of gas (the D district among Fig. 1) and solid-liquid displacement zone (the E district among Fig. 1); These five districts arrange from top to bottom successively, and adjacent connection.This reaction unit and pipeline are metal.Described solid-liquid displacement zone is arranged in the outside, suspension reaction district, arranges in one week around the suspension reaction district.The solid-liquid displacement zone top arranges for opening wide.The solid-liquid separation membrane module is set to a plurality of parallel connections in the solid-liquid displacement zone.Solid-liquid displacement zone bottom bottom and the spacing H of suspension reaction cylinder lower shell between bottom
1At 1m.
During work, waste water enters reaction unit by water dispensing apparatus 3 by the bottom from water inlet pipe 4, passes through successively Sludge Bed reaction zone (B district) and suspension reaction district (C district) by the up-flow effect, finishes the degraded of anaerobe at this; Top, suspension reaction district (C district) is the preferential disengaging zone of gas (D district), and the gas that biological respinse produces is discharged by vapor pipe 5 under negative pressure drives.Mixed solution enters solid-liquid displacement zone (E district) from suspension reaction district upper shell 23 by the water exit between the first convergent cylinder 28 and the water sealed tank 10, and under the pressure centrifugation of solid-liquid separation membrane module 6, water outlet is extracted out by lift pump 19, and mud is concentrated; Thickened sludge is back to the top in Sludge Bed reaction zone (B district) by solid-liquid displacement zone (E district) bottom.
The control of the interior negative pressure in the preferential disengaging zone of gas (D district) depends on the poor controls of liquid level inside and outside the water sealed tank 10 is finished.Need at first draft water sealed tank 10 inside and outside liquid levels poor (calculating corresponding range of negative pressure) according to actual motion, and monitor by fluid level controller.When inside and outside liquid level is poor when being zero, off-gas pump 19 is started working, and reaches when setting maximum value when inside and outside liquid level is poor, and off-gas pump 19 quits work.
Adopted technique scheme, reaction unit of the present invention has following characteristics:
1) inner core 2 in reaction unit suspension reaction district is comprised of lower shell 27, the first convergent cylinder 28 and upper shell 29 3 parts.The setting young on the first convergent cylinder 28, that end opening is large, so that the inner core sectional area is more up less, upper shell 29 liquid level renewal speed are very fast, scum silica frost is difficult for producing at the inner core in suspension reaction district, has avoided the formation of scum layer.
2) this reaction unit inside and outside differential pressure is 0 o'clock, and suspension reaction district (C district) is in minimum level, and solid-liquid displacement zone (E district) is in high liquid level (HLL), and the liquid level in two districts is equal; When the reaction unit inside and outside differential pressure increases (inside is in negative pressure, and internal pressure is less than outside inner), the liquid level in two districts is poor to be increased thereupon, and liquid level raises gradually in the suspension reaction district, and the liquid level of solid-liquid displacement zone reduces gradually.
3) in the preferential disengaging zone of gas (D district), the mixed gas that the anaerobe reaction produces is preferentially discharged under the artificial negative pressure of making drives, and has solved the difficult problem that the three phase separation process checks and balance in the puzzlement third generation anaerobic biological reactor application practice.The artificial subnormal ambient of making has also significantly improved the efficient that gas separates so that bubble becomes initiatively discharge by passive effusion from mixed solution from mixed solution.The control of negative pressure depends on to be finished the poor controls of liquid level inside and outside the water sealed tank 10.
4) solid-liquid displacement zone (E district) inside arranges solid-liquid separation membrane module 6, can force to separate to muddy water mixed solution, has solved the problem that effluent quality worsened when upflow velocity was higher.The loss of anaerobic sludge has been stopped in the mechanical grading effect of solid-liquid separation membrane module 16, helps to shorten start time and guarantees anaerobic treatment efficient, has thoroughly broken away from the dependence of anaerobic biological reactor to granule sludge.
By field demonstration, reaction unit of the present invention has reached good water treatment effect:
For the easy degradation of organic waste water of high density of COD 6000~10000mg/L, about hydraulic detention time 12h, volumetric loading can reach 10~40 kgCOD/ (m
3/ d), the COD clearance can reach more than 90%; For the high concentration hard-degraded organic waste water of COD 6000~10000mg/L, through preposition acidication pre-treatment, about anaerobism section hydraulic detention time 24h, volumetric loading can reach 5~20 kgCOD/ (m
3/ d), the COD clearance can reach more than 85%.