CN102570474A - Triggering and conducting method used for switching of capacitor of thyristor AC non-contact switch - Google Patents
Triggering and conducting method used for switching of capacitor of thyristor AC non-contact switch Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a triggering and conducting method used for the switching of a capacitor of a thyristor AC non-contact switch, belonging to the field of triggering and conducting method of thyristors. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) regulating a multi-turn potentiometer on a triggering pulse plate, adjusting the control angle alpha to 180-270 degrees, and keeping the value of the control angle alpha unchanged; (2) regulating the capacitance of a return circuit on the triggering pulse plate, so that the triggering pulse width is 360-alpha degrees, and keeping the triggering pulse width unchanged until the anode potential is higher than the cathode potential and the capacitor current arises smoothly from zero. By using the triggering and conducting method, inrush current and operation overvoltage are avoided during switching of the capacitor, a compensating device itself does not generate harmonic wave, the control system is simple and reliable, the control precision is high, the current waveform does not have notches, and greater economic and social benefits are achieved in reducing the grid loss and voltage fluctuation, improving the grid quality, enhancing the grid safety, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of controlling the thyristor triggering and conducting; More particularly; Relate to the Reactive Compensation Device (abbreviation: in the time of SVC-TSC) that a kind of thyristor exchanges the noncontacting switch switched capacitor; Its triggering and conducting method, i.e. safe, easy definite method of thyristor trigger impulse pilot angle α.
Background technology
Reactive Compensation Device is an indispensable equipment in the electrical network, and it not only can reduce grid loss, improves the circuit ability to transmit electricity, the more important thing is and can reduce voltage fluctuation, improves power grid quality and security reliability.Old reactive-load dynamic compensation is in the power plant or regional center transformer station installing phase advancer (electric rotating machine).In addition, install fixedly reactive power compensation at 35KV and 10KV electric substation by vacuum circuit-breaker switching reactive-load compensation capacitor.China's economy increases fast, and electrical network is also fast-developing, old reactive power compensator, and performance and scale all can not satisfy the electrical network requirement.In the later stage seventies in last century, China begins package import state type Reactive Compensation Device (being called for short SVC), is main with thyristor-controlled reactor type (being called for short SVC-TCR).Since this century, China mainly contains following several kinds from being introduced into of home make state type Reactive Compensation Device, and its main performance, existing problems and scope of application brief introduction are following:
(1) SVC-TCR type---thyristor-controlled reactor type Reactive Compensation Device.Technical mature and reliable, no work output can be regulated according to the needs that network load changes continuously, and dynamic response time can reach 10 ms.Existing problems are that compensation arrangement itself exists a certain amount of harmonic wave; Therefore, SVC-TCR type Reactive Compensation Device is made up of a cover filter (FC) of same electrical capacity and the reactor (TCR) of a cover thyristor control; Equipment is many, and investment and loss own are bigger.Actual use is big at impact load in China, and load itself produces the electric substation of harmonic wave again, and like steel rolling, the electric furnace steel making electric substation of iron and steel enterprise, subway and traction substation etc. is located.
(2) controllable series compensator (TCSC) is that compensation condenser is connected in the ultra-high-tension power transmission line, and compensation condenser is parallel with the Xc device branch road of thyristor control.Technical performance is advanced, rapidly, continuously control circuit series compensation degree.Enhance system stability improves the circuit conveying capacity, and the flexible trend distributes, and suppresses subsynchronous resonance, and the damping power oscillation reduces short circuit current etc.Mainly be used on the transmission line of the above superhigh pressure of 220KV, long distance, heavy load.
(3) SVG Reactive Compensation Device.Be the state type reacance generator,,, make it produce the capacitive reactive power of equivalent through detecting control SVG when load consumes perceptually when idle; When load variations, SVG exports idle amount and follows the tracks of variation, and the response time can reach 5ms; Like this, it is idle just not need electrical network to carry for load, and grid loss is minimum; In addition, SVG can also carry out the multifunctional comprehensive compensation to power quality problems such as the harmonic wave of electrical network, imbalances, realizes the function of active harmonics (APF).We can say that SVG is desirable Reactive Compensation Device.This device is ripe in theory, and low capacity SVG device has generated the supply of material both at home and abroad, the complete supply of material 10KV that voltage is the highest in the world, capacity is maximum of China, 20Mvar SVG Reactive Compensation Device.But core components and parts such as its power cell, control board all are external the introductions.Therefore, do not pass a test, cost an arm and a leg but the obstacle of promoting the use of SVG is high-power high-frequency cut-off device (IGBT) production.At present, just at some emphasis, use in the special item.
(4) SVC-TSC type---thyristor exchanges oncontacting electric switch switching capacitance type Reactive Compensation Device.During switched capacitor, no inrush phenomenon, no switching overvoltage, compensation arrangement itself does not produce harmonic wave.Shortcoming is: reactive compensation capacity is regulated in classification; Dynamic response time is slower, and the response time is about 20 ms.But to accounting for general industry and the civilian electric substation required reactive-load dynamic compensation of national electric substation more than 70%, technical performance can meet the demands fully.
But at present domestic and international SVC-TSC type Reactive Compensation Device, use field only limit to use in low pressure (AC380/220V) low capacity (every loop 10 ~ 50KVar, every covering device 80 ~ 400 KVar) scope.One of the reason that can not promote the use of is that the control of thyristor trigger impulse is complicated.The excursion of the trigger impulse pilot angle α of three-phase thyristor bridge inductor rectifier load is 0 ° ~ 90 °; The excursion of three-phase thyristor bridge rectification---inverter circuit trigger impulse pilot angle α be 0 ° ~ (180 °-β); Wherein the β angle is the minimal reverse angle, and pulse duration is 60 ° (generally using dipulse).Thyristor exchanges the noncontacting switch switched capacitor, the concrete angle value of trigger impulse pilot angle α, and not explanation in the university teaching " thyristor unsteady flow technology ", relevant publication is not introduced yet.In theory; The phase place of capacitance current is than being added on the capacitor leading 90 ° of the phase place of voltage; Simultaneously; The characteristic of capacitor is to stop its terminal voltage to change; When voltage change ratio
, capacitance current is zero.The triggering and conducting method mainly contained following two kinds when thyristor exchanged the noncontacting switch switched capacitor at present:
When the low pressure low capacity thyristor that (1) uses now exchanges the noncontacting switch switched capacitor; It all is the voltage that detects thyristor anode and negative electrode; Also be voltage and line electricity pressure reduction on the capacitor, triggering and conducting when the voltage difference zero passage, what have just utilizes voltage difference between anode and negative electrode; After diode was differentiated, the control utmost point that directly is connected to thyristor triggered thyristor.This kind triggering mode circuit is simple, but condenser current waveform jagged (3 ° ~ 5 ° discontinuous currents) has harmonic component, and big electric current, high-tension thyristor exchange on the noncontacting switch and can not use;
(2) also has a kind of triggering mode now; Charge to capacitor in advance; After voltage on capacitor reaches maximum, triggering and conducting when detection line voltage also reaches maximum (
).
More than two kinds of thyristors triggering and conducting method when exchanging the noncontacting switch switched capacitors, do not have inrush phenomenon when dropping into capacitor though can reach yet, do not have switching overvoltage during the excision capacitor; Only need cancel trigger impulse during the excision capacitor; Current over-zero turn-offs naturally, but exists control precision not enough, and current waveform is jagged; And it is complicated to detect control, influences the security reliability problem.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that invention will solve
For overcoming in the prior art; The control precision that SVC-TSC type Reactive Compensation Device trigger impulse control aspect exists is not enough; Current waveform is jagged and to detect control complicated, influence problems such as security reliability, trigger impulse safety during a kind of thyristor noncontacting switch switched capacitor that patent of the present invention proposes, simple control method; Promptly do not detect the thyristor voltage;, do not detect the rate of change of voltage waveform yet, but directly confirm safe, the easy triggering and conducting method of the pilot angle α of trigger impulse in advance to the capacitor charging.
Technical scheme
In order to overcome the deficiency of prior art, the present invention is achieved through following technical scheme.
The triggering and conducting method the steps include: when a kind of thyristor of the present invention exchanged the noncontacting switch switched capacitor
(1) regulate multiturn potentiometer on the trigger impulse plate, α transfers to pilot angle: 180 °＜α＜270 °, and fixedly the value of pilot angle α is constant, wherein, the anode potential during the capacitance current conducting is higher than cathode potential, is provided by potentiometer;
(2) electric capacity in loop on the adjustment trigger impulse plate; Make trigger pulse width be: 360 °-α, and fixedly trigger pulse width is constant, in all capacitance loop; 90 ° in the phase place leading voltage phase place of capacitance current; Trigger impulse is pre-existed, wait for that anode potential is higher than the appearance of cathode potential, capacitance current is from zero level and smooth the rising then.
Preferably, when regulating pilot angle α in the described step (1) and be 180 °＜α＜270 °, be earlier pilot angle α to be transferred to forr a short time 180 ° than the end value of α, again with the synchro source signal inversion, the end value of promptly controlled angle α is 180 °＜α＜270 °.
Preferably, pilot angle α is adjusted in the described step (1): 200 °≤α≤220 °.
Operation principle:
All capacitance loop, 90 ° in the phase place leading voltage phase place of capacitance current, as shown in Figure 2, wherein
I aWhen current waveform rises from zero forward, voltage
U aThe phase place of waveform is near 270 °, and promptly the sense of current and voltage direction are opposite.According to the fundamental characteristics of thyristor, thyristor conductor condition: (1) anode potential is higher than cathode potential; (2) there are enough trigger currents in the control utmost point, and the two is indispensable one years old.I
aAnode potential during conducting (this anode potential is higher than cathode potential) is provided by potentiometer.The present invention is adjusted to 180 °＜α＜270 ° with pilot angle α, and trigger impulse is pre-existed, and waits for that anode potential is higher than the appearance of cathode potential, capacitance current I
aFrom zero level and smooth the rising, rush of current can not occur, and the degree of regulation of pilot angle α is less demanding, be convenient to regulate.Therefore, proved all that from theory into action this invention is safe and reliable.
Beneficial effect
The present invention compared with prior art has following significant advantage:
The triggering and conducting method need not detect the thyristor voltage when (1) a kind of thyristor of the present invention exchanged the noncontacting switch switched capacitor, did not need to charge to capacitor in advance; Need not detect the rate of change of voltage waveform yet, but directly confirm the pilot angle α of trigger impulse, during switched capacitor; No inrush phenomenon, no switching overvoltage, compensation arrangement itself does not produce harmonic wave; Control method is simple, and security reliability is good;
Triggering and conducting method when (2) a kind of thyristor of the present invention exchanges the noncontacting switch switched capacitor, α is through control trigger impulse pilot angle: 180 °＜α＜270 °, realize triggering and conducting, control precision is high, and the current waveform non-notch;
Triggering and conducting method when (3) a kind of thyristor of the present invention exchanges the noncontacting switch switched capacitor has bigger economic benefit and social benefit to reducing aspects such as grid loss, minimizing voltage fluctuation, raising power grid quality, raising electric network security.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 exchanges noncontacting switch switching reactive-load compensation capacitor main electrical scheme system diagram for thyristor;
Among Fig. 1:
aBe the Y wiring,
bBe delta connection, wherein: K-major loop switch; The RD-fast acting fuse; The SCR-thyristor exchanges noncontacting switch; The L-reactor; The C-reactive-load compensation capacitor.
Fig. 2 adjust for by the Y wiring time A phase voltage, electric current and timing chart behind the trigger impulse plate;
Among Fig. 2:
U a-A phase voltage,
I a-A phase condenser current,
U g-A phase trigger impulse row.
Embodiment
For further understanding content of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
In conjunction with Fig. 1; In figure a; Exchange the main electrical scheme system diagram of noncontacting switch switching reactive-load compensation capacitor for the thyristor of Y connection type; Wherein, each connects major loop K switch, fast acting fuse RD, thyristor interchange noncontacting switch SCR, reactor L and reactive-load compensation capacitor C mutually successively, and the two ends that thyristor exchanges noncontacting switch SCR all are parallel with RC capacitance-resistance absorption circuit; In figure b; Exchange the main electrical scheme system diagram of noncontacting switch switching reactive-load compensation capacitor for the thyristor of delta connection form; Wherein, Each is fast acting fuse RD mutually, thyristor exchanges noncontacting switch SCR and reactive-load compensation capacitor C connects to form successively, and the two ends that thyristor exchanges noncontacting switch SCR all are parallel with RC capacitance-resistance absorption circuit.
When electrical network need compensate capacitive reactive power; Signal to the trigger impulse plate that thyristor exchanges noncontacting switch through idle compensating control (claiming power factor controller again); Pulse plate sends trigger impulse; Thyristor exchanges noncontacting switch SCR conducting, and reactive-load compensation capacitor C inserts electrical network, gives the electrical network capacitive reactive power; When electrical network need reduce capacitive reactive power, idle compensating control was given the trigger impulse partitioned signal, and cancellation trigger impulse, thyristor exchange noncontacting switch SCR current over-zero, turn-off naturally, and reactive-load compensation capacitor C withdraws from electrical network.
Embodiment 1
Idle compensating control and trigger impulse plate have the product of multiple model to select for use on the market, present embodiment is selected three-phase bridge fully controlled rectifier trigger board 6.0 type criteria triggers plates for use; The triggering and conducting method with the multiturn potentiometer on the trigger board, detected through oscilloscope when a kind of thyristor of present embodiment exchanged the noncontacting switch switched capacitor; Pilot angle α is transferred to 210 °; Specifically, earlier pilot angle α being transferred to 30 ° (210 °-180 °=30 °), is that controlled angle α is 210 ° with the synchro source signal inversion again; Just immobilize; Again the little electric capacity in loop on the trigger board is suitably changed greatly, increase pulse duration to 150 ° (360 °-210 °=150 °), also immobilize.Therefore, it is very simple and reliable that control system becomes, and when dropping into capacitor, no current impacts.
Present embodiment is pressed the Y wiring, and A phase voltage, electric current and timing chart behind the trigger impulse plate of adjusting are as shown in Figure 2, among the figure: U
aBe A phase voltage, I
aBe A phase condenser current, U
gBe A phase trigger impulse row.Wherein, when pilot angle α=210 °, pulse duration is 360 °-210 °=150 °.As can be seen from Figure 2, pulse is arranged after, electric current I
aRise from 0, sinusoidal waveform is complete, level and smooth zero passage, non-notch and do not have harmonic wave.
Embodiment 2
Basic step is with embodiment 1, and different is to detect through oscilloscope; Pilot angle α is transferred to 200 ° to immobilize; Specifically, earlier pilot angle α being transferred to 20 ° (200 °-180 °=20 °), is that controlled angle α is 200 ° with the synchro source signal inversion again; Pulse duration is transferred to 160 °, also immobilizes.After the triggering and conducting, control precision was high when thyristor exchanged the noncontacting switch switched capacitor, and no current impacts when dropping into capacitor, and waveform is complete, level and smooth zero passage, non-notch and do not have harmonic wave.
Embodiment 3
Basic step is with embodiment 1, and different is to detect through oscilloscope; Pilot angle α is transferred to 220 ° to immobilize; Specifically, earlier pilot angle α being transferred to 40 ° (220 °-180 °=40 °), is that controlled angle α is 220 ° with the synchro source signal inversion again; Pulse duration is transferred to 140 °, also immobilizes.After the triggering and conducting, control precision was high when thyristor exchanged the noncontacting switch switched capacitor, and no current impacts when dropping into capacitor, and waveform is complete, level and smooth zero passage, non-notch and do not have harmonic wave.
Embodiment 4
Basic step is with embodiment 1, and different is to detect through oscilloscope; Pilot angle α is transferred to 181 ° to immobilize; Specifically, earlier pilot angle α being transferred to 1 ° (181 °-180 °=1 °), is that controlled angle α is 181 ° with the synchro source signal inversion again; Pulse duration is transferred to 175 °, also immobilizes.After the triggering and conducting, control precision was high when thyristor exchanged the noncontacting switch switched capacitor, and no current impacts when dropping into capacitor, and waveform is complete, level and smooth zero passage, non-notch and do not have harmonic wave.
Embodiment 5
Basic step is with embodiment 1, and different is to detect through oscilloscope; Pilot angle α is transferred to 269 ° to immobilize; Specifically, earlier pilot angle α being transferred to 89 ° (269 °-180 °=89 °), is that controlled angle α is 269 ° with the synchro source signal inversion again; Pulse duration is transferred to 95 °, also immobilizes.After the triggering and conducting, control precision was high when thyristor exchanged the noncontacting switch switched capacitor, and no current impacts when dropping into capacitor, and waveform is complete, level and smooth zero passage, non-notch and do not have harmonic wave.
Through experimental demonstration, change trigger impulse pilot angle α:
When 0 °＜α＜180 °, thyristor exchanges noncontacting switch SCR and is burnt out, and fast acting fuse RD can not protect;
When 270 °＜α＜360 °, I
aJagged or the not conducting of thyristor interchange noncontacting switch SCR of current waveform.
Use the present invention technology can be produced the high-power Reactive Compensation Device of SVC-TSC type, during switched capacitor, and no inrush phenomenon, no switching overvoltage, compensation arrangement itself does not produce harmonic wave, and control system is simple and reliable.Components and parts such as thyristor are all homemade, and cost is low, security of operation, and maintenance work is few, and loss own is less.Grading compensation, every level capacity 100 ~ 600KVar.Complete compensator capacity 1 ~ 50MVar, dynamic response time are 20ms.Can satisfy fully and account for general industry and the civilian 10KV of nationwide integrated power grid more than 70%, 35KV, 110KV electric substation requirement reactive-load dynamic compensation.After generally using, will obtain bigger economic benefit and social benefit to reducing aspects such as grid loss, minimizing voltage fluctuation, raising power grid quality, raising electric network security.
Claims (3)
1. the triggering and conducting method the steps include: when a thyristor exchanged the noncontacting switch switched capacitor
(1) regulate multiturn potentiometer on the trigger impulse plate, α transfers to pilot angle: 180 °＜α＜270 °, and fixedly the value of pilot angle α is constant, wherein, the anode potential during the capacitance current conducting is higher than cathode potential, is provided by potentiometer;
(2) electric capacity in loop on the adjustment trigger impulse plate; Make trigger pulse width be: 360 °-α, and fixedly trigger pulse width is constant, in all capacitance loop; 90 ° in the phase place leading voltage phase place of capacitance current; Trigger impulse is pre-existed, wait for that anode potential is higher than the appearance of cathode potential, capacitance current is from zero level and smooth the rising then.
2. triggering and conducting method when a kind of thyristor according to claim 1 exchanges the noncontacting switch switched capacitor; It is characterized in that: when regulating pilot angle α in the described step (1) and be 180 °＜α＜270 °; Be earlier pilot angle α is transferred to littler 180 ° than the end value of α; Again with the synchro source signal inversion, the end value of promptly controlled angle α is 180 °＜α＜270 °.
3. triggering and conducting method when a kind of thyristor according to claim 1 and 2 exchanges the noncontacting switch switched capacitor, it is characterized in that: pilot angle α is adjusted in the described step (1): 200 °≤α≤220 °.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103618321A (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2014-03-05 | 青岛市恒顺电气股份有限公司 | Reactive compensating capacitor device |
| CN104052070A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-09-17 | 上海雷诺尔电力自动化有限公司 | Dynamic active filter compensation device |
| CN104600712A (en) * | 2014-12-14 | 2015-05-06 | 励春亚 | Step-down high-voltage TCR |
| CN106169891A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-11-30 | 柳州鹏达科技有限责任公司 | Noncontacting switch controls motor circuit |
| CN106208815A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-12-07 | 柳州鹏达科技有限责任公司 | Noncontacting switch controls electric machine |
| CN106230346A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-12-14 | 柳州鹏达科技有限责任公司 | Noncontacting switch controls motor method |
| CN114362083A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-04-15 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Structure and method for multiplexing functions of MMC (modular multilevel converter) type ice melting device |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103618321A (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2014-03-05 | 青岛市恒顺电气股份有限公司 | Reactive compensating capacitor device |
| CN104052070A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-09-17 | 上海雷诺尔电力自动化有限公司 | Dynamic active filter compensation device |
| CN104600712A (en) * | 2014-12-14 | 2015-05-06 | 励春亚 | Step-down high-voltage TCR |
| CN106169891A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-11-30 | 柳州鹏达科技有限责任公司 | Noncontacting switch controls motor circuit |
| CN106208815A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-12-07 | 柳州鹏达科技有限责任公司 | Noncontacting switch controls electric machine |
| CN106230346A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-12-14 | 柳州鹏达科技有限责任公司 | Noncontacting switch controls motor method |
| CN106230346B (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2018-09-21 | 柳州鹏达科技有限责任公司 | Noncontacting switch controls motor method |
| CN106169891B (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2018-09-21 | 柳州鹏达科技有限责任公司 | Noncontacting switch controls motor circuit |
| CN114362083A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-04-15 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Structure and method for multiplexing functions of MMC (modular multilevel converter) type ice melting device |
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