CN102566074A - Polarizer and optical fiber sensor comprising same - Google Patents
Polarizer and optical fiber sensor comprising same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102566074A CN102566074A CN2011104149204A CN201110414920A CN102566074A CN 102566074 A CN102566074 A CN 102566074A CN 2011104149204 A CN2011104149204 A CN 2011104149204A CN 201110414920 A CN201110414920 A CN 201110414920A CN 102566074 A CN102566074 A CN 102566074A
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Abstract
The invention is applicable to the optical field and provides a polarizer, comprising an input collimator, an output polarization-maintaining collimator, a polarizer core and an external sealing pipe, wherein the input collimator and the output polarization-maintaining collimator are arranged oppositely, and the polarizer core is arranged between the input collimator and the output polarization-maintaining collimator; the external sealing pipe is sleeved outside the input collimator, the output polarization-maintaining collimator and the polarizer core; the polarizer core comprises a polarizing sheet; each of the input collimator and the output polarization-maintaining collimator comprises an optical fiber, a tail fiber and a lens arranged at the end part of the tail fiber; each lens is columnar and is provided with two end faces, wherein one end face is opposite to the tail fiber and is an inclined plane and the other end face is a spherical surface; the radius of curvature of the spherical surface is 1.419-1.475 mm; the diameter of the lens is 1.5-1.8 mm; and the length of the lens is 2-2.98 mm. The polarizer disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects that the deviation angle of emergent light is reduced greatly through a special lens design so that the emergent light is transmitted nearly parallel to an optical axis of the lens and the extinction ratio of the polarizer is effectively improved further. The polarizer disclosed by the invention is particularly applicable to various fiber sensors, such as optical fiber gyroscopes and optical fiber hydrophones.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical field, relate in particular to a kind of polarizer and comprise the Fibre Optical Sensor of this polarizer.
Background technology
The polarizer is a kind of device that makes nonpolarized light convert polarized light into, and the branch of the linear polarization polarizer and the circular polarization polarizer is arranged.The effect of the circular polarization polarizer is to make input optical signal convert circularly polarized light output into, and the effect of the linear polarization polarizer is to make input optical signal convert linearly polarized light output into.According to the difference of the realization principle of the linear polarization polarizer, the linear polarization polarizer can be divided into the absorption-type linear polarization polarizer and the beam split molded lines polarization polarizer again.The beam split molded lines polarization polarizer is to utilize birefringece crystal, as using Nikkor prism or Wollaston prism, makes input optical signal be divided into two-beam; And a branch of at least is linearly polarized light; Another bundle is linearly polarized light or partial poolarized light, but its price is expensive, and the insertion loss of the linearly polarized light of outgoing is bigger; Extinction ratio is also less, makes difficulty.The notion of brief explanation extinction ratio here: natural light all can be decomposed into two components along orthogonal both direction, can think the component of amplitude, also can think the component of light intensity or luminous power; With the luminous power is example; Extinction ratio then characterizes the difference size of the luminous power of this both direction, and difference is big more, and extinction ratio is big more; Explain that degree of polarization is big more, explain that also an inclined to one side effect of the polarizer is good more.The absorption-type linear polarization polarizer is to use polaroid; To fall with the inconsistent polarized light absorption of polaroid light transmission shaft direction, and transmission and the identical polarized light of polaroid light transmission shaft direction, it is little that this polarizer has the loss of insertion; Advantages such as volume is little; But also run into the little problem of extinction ratio through regular meeting, particularly for the short wavelength's of 780nm～1100nm scope the online polarizer, its extinction ratio is difficult to do greatly.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of polarizer, be intended to solve traditional short wavelength's the lower problem of polarizer extinction ratio.
The present invention realizes like this; A kind of polarizer; Comprise the input collimating apparatus that is oppositely arranged and export the inclined to one side collimating apparatus of guarantor, the polarizer core between said input collimating apparatus and the inclined to one side collimating apparatus of output guarantor; And be sheathed on the external package pipe outside said input collimating apparatus, the output inclined to one side collimating apparatus of guarantor and the polarizer core, and said polarizer core comprises a polaroid, said input collimating apparatus is protected inclined to one side collimating apparatus with output and is included optical fiber and the lens that are positioned at the tail optical fiber of said optical fiber end and are positioned at said tail optical fiber end; Said lens are column and have two end faces; One of them end face and said tail optical fiber relatively and be the inclined-plane, the other end is a sphere, the radius-of-curvature of said sphere is 1.419～1.475mm; The diameter of said lens is 1.5～1.8mm; The length of said lens is 2～2.98mm.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor, comprise a polarizer, the said polarizer adopts the above-mentioned polarizer.
The polarizer provided by the invention has significantly reduced the angle of deviation of emergent light through special lens design; Make it near the optical axis transmission that is parallel to lens; Make that be parallel to the polaroid luminous power component of direction that shakes thoroughly differs bigger with luminous power component perpendicular to the direction of shaking thoroughly, and then effectively raise the extinction ratio of the polarizer, this polarizer is specially adapted in the various Fibre Optical Sensors; Like optical fibre gyro, fibre optic hydrophone etc.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the polarizer in the embodiment of the invention;
The principle schematic of shaking thoroughly when Fig. 2 is the light mentioned of the embodiment of the invention with different angle of deviation transmission;
Fig. 3 be in the embodiment of the invention large and small glass tube face structural representation;
Fig. 4-the 1st, the deflection synoptic diagram () of the polaroid in traditional polarizer;
Fig. 4-the 2nd, the deflection synoptic diagram (two) of the polaroid in traditional polarizer.
Embodiment
In order to make the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer,, the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of the polarizer that present embodiment provides.
This polarizer is mainly used in the linearly polarized light of acquisition than High Extinction Ratio.This polarizer mainly comprises the input collimating apparatus 1 and the inclined to one side collimating apparatus 2 of output guarantor that is oppositely arranged; Between input collimating apparatus 1 and the inclined to one side collimating apparatus 2 of output guarantor, be provided with polarizer core 3; Polarizer core 3 comprises a polaroid 31; Be used for converting the nonpolarized light of input into linearly polarized light output; This polarizer also comprises the external package pipe 4 that is sheathed on outside input collimating apparatus 1, the output inclined to one side collimating apparatus 2 of guarantor and the polarizer core 3, and wherein, input collimating apparatus 1 is protected the lens that inclined to one side collimating apparatus 2 includes an optical fiber and is positioned at the tail optical fiber of optical fiber end and is positioned at the tail optical fiber end with output.As shown in Figure 1, input collimating apparatus 1 comprises first optical fiber 11, first tail optical fiber 12 and first lens 13, and output is protected inclined to one side collimating apparatus 2 and comprised second optical fiber 21, second tail optical fiber 22 and second lens 23, and wherein, second optical fiber 21 is polarization maintaining optical fibre.First lens 13 are identical with the structure of second lens 23, all be column and have two end faces, one of them end face and tail optical fiber relatively and be the inclined-plane, the other end is a sphere.In order to improve the extinction ratio of the polarizer, present embodiment has carried out particular design to the structure of first, second lens, and is concrete, and first lens 13 have first inclined-plane 131 and first sphere, 132, the second lens 23 have second inclined-plane 231 and second sphere 232.The radius-of-curvature of first, second sphere is 1.419～1.475mm; The diameter of first, second lens is 1.5～1.8mm; The length of first, second lens is 2～2.98mm, and wherein, the length of lens refers to the distance between the central point of two end faces.Nonpolarized light through first lens 13 after, its angle of deviation is minimum, approximate optical axis direction transmission along first lens 13; The size of this angle of deviation is very big to the influence of extinction ratio, can find out that in conjunction with accompanying drawing 2 angle of deviation is more little; The light intensity component parallel with the direction of shaking thoroughly of polaroid (also can be equivalent to amplitude or power) is big more, and the light intensity that sees through polaroid is also big more naturally, and the light intensity component size vertical with this direction of shaking thoroughly is constant; Transit dose is also constant; Therefore, it is just big more that the light intensity component of two mutual vertical direction of polaroid transmission differs, and this moment, extinction ratio was just big more.Traditional polarizer, especially for traditional polarizer of short wavelength, the angle of deviation of its light beam is bigger, and extinction ratio is difficult to do greatly.Therefore; The polarizer that present embodiment provides is through after carrying out particular design to the shape of lens and parameter; Effectively solved the lower problem of extinction ratio of traditional polarizer (especially for short wavelength's the polarizer), also can reduce to insert loss simultaneously, for the short wavelength's of 780～1100nm light; The extinction ratio of this polarizer can reach more than the 30dB, and this polarizer has very important use value undoubtedly to sensory field of optic fibre.
In the present embodiment, first optical fiber 11 of input collimating apparatus 1 can adopt polarization maintaining optical fibre, like this; Input collimating apparatus 1 becomes input and protects inclined to one side collimating apparatus, and after design like this, the input end of this polarizer also can be used as output terminal and uses; Nonpolarized light both can be protected inclined to one side collimating apparatus from input and get into; Also can protect inclined to one side collimating apparatus and get into, have the same inclined to one side effect that rises, so this polarizer have two-way inclined to one side function from output.
The experimental data of the traditional polarizer that adopts ordinary lens and the polarizer that adopts the said lens of present embodiment below is shown, this data recording tradition can two-way can two-way the inclined to one side polarizer among the inclined to one side polarizer and the application extinction ratio:
The extinction ratio experimental data of the traditional polarizer of table 1. and the application's polarizer
" forward " in the present embodiment refers to that with " oppositely " light is through two of the polarizer opposite direction transmission; For example in the present embodiment; Nonpolarized light can pass through the input of input collimating apparatus, converts linearly polarized light into after inclined to one side collimating apparatus output is protected in output through polarizer core, and this is " forward "; Nonpolarized light also can be protected inclined to one side collimating apparatus input through output, converts linearly polarized light into after the input collimating apparatus is exported through polarizer core, and this is " oppositely ".Is qualified with extinction ratio greater than (comprise and equal) 28dB, can know that according to above-mentioned data the yield of traditional polarizer is less than 50%, and the yield of the application's the polarizer is up to 97%.Certainly, do not protect inclined to one side collimating apparatus, can have high yield equally yet with reference to " forward " in the last table or " oppositely " data if the input collimating apparatus does not adopt.
As a kind of preferable implementation of present embodiment; The radius-of-curvature of first sphere 132 and second sphere 232 can be 1.475mm, and the diameter of first, second lens can be 1.8mm, and the length of first, second lens can be 2.98mm; First, second lens according to this parameter making; The angle of deviation of its transmitted light is littler, and the extinction ratio of the corresponding polarizer can increase considerably, and has the very outstanding inclined to one side effect that rises.
In the present embodiment, in order further to guarantee the collimation of light in transmission course, can the position that inclined to one side collimating apparatus 2 and polarizer core 3 are protected in input collimating apparatus 1, output be adjusted accurately, the central shaft that makes the three point-blank.
Further, big as far as possible for what the extinction ratio of the polarizer was done, the fast axle or the slow-axis direction of the fast axle of first optical fiber 11 in the present embodiment or slow-axis direction, second optical fiber 21 are consistent with the direction of shaking thoroughly of polaroid 31.Make the light transmission rate identical maximum, and then guarantee higher extinction ratio with the direction of shaking thoroughly of polaroid 31.
Another kind as present embodiment improves; Polarizer core 3 can adopt following structure: polarizer core 3 comprises the big glass tube 32 and cuvette 33 of mutual socket; Can stick with glue between the large and small glass tube and connect; Polaroid 31 is sticked in the end of cuvette 33; Big glass 32 can be sheathed on that blended rubber is adhesively fixed on first lens 13 of input collimating apparatus 1, also can be fixed on second lens 23 that output protects inclined to one side collimating apparatus 2, and then polaroid 31 is fixed on input collimating apparatus 1 and output is protected between the inclined to one side collimating apparatus 2.As shown in Figure 3, the tube wall of cuvette 33 has along its length a breach 331, after the large and small glass tube socket, can between the part tube wall that big glass tube 32 and cuvette 33 socket-connect, form a passage 34, but supplied gas is mobile.The polarizer core 3 of this structure is for the extinction ratio that improves the polarizer, and the performance of improving the polarizer is very meaningful.Traditional polarizer core is made up of polaroid 5 and tube (or ring) 6, and polaroid 5 is fixed on the end of tube 6, and the other end of tube 6 is fixed on the lens, and lens, tube 6 and polaroid 5 threes have surrounded an enclosure space.And in the processing procedure of the polarizer, have the operation of the ready-made polarizer being carried out loop test usually, promptly test the working condition of the polarizer under different temperatures; When environment temperature just changes; Compression will take place or expand in the gas in the above-mentioned enclosure space, can to polaroid 5 produce each to pressure, and then it is deflected; This deflection comprise with himself central shaft serve as axle clockwise or be rotated counterclockwise, like Fig. 4-1; Comprise also that along the direction deflection of the central shaft of polaroid 5 like Fig. 4-2, the direction of shaking thoroughly this moment also deflects thereupon.Therefore after polaroid 5 deflects, will certainly reduce the light transmission rate of the direction of shaking, and then reduce extinction ratio.Leave a passage 34 between the large and small glass tube in the present embodiment; Make large and small glass tube, lens and polaroid constitute a non-enclosure space; When polarizer loop test, just can discharge when being encapsulated in gas in this space and expanding, when gas compresses through this passage; Extraneous gas also can charge into; Can keep the pressure unanimity of polaroid 31 both sides like this, avoid it to deflect, and the central shaft that helps guaranteeing the optical axis and the input collimating apparatus 1 of polaroid 31 and exporting the inclined to one side collimating apparatus 2 of guarantor is on same straight line.Therefore the more traditional polarizer of the polarizer of present embodiment is compared, again for obtaining higher and stable extinction ratio has increased by one and heavily ensures.
In the present embodiment, the shape and the size of the breach 331 of above-mentioned cuvette 33 needn't limit, and can be planes shown in Figure 3, also can be that cabochon or other are irregularly shaped.
In the present embodiment, the angle of inclination on first lens 13 and the inclined-plane of second lens 23 is identical with prior art, promptly becomes 8 ° of angles with vertical direction.
In the present embodiment, the inwall of external package pipe 4 and input collimating apparatus 1 and output are protected can stick with glue between the inclined to one side collimating apparatus 2 and are connect; Polarizer core 3 also can be fixed in the end of input collimating apparatus 1 with bonded adhesives, perhaps is fixed in the end that inclined to one side collimating apparatus 2 is protected in output.
In the present embodiment, input collimating apparatus 1 can be distinguished overcoat first glass tube 14 and second glass tube 24 with tail optical fiber and lens that inclined to one side collimating apparatus 2 is protected in output, can also stick with glue between first, second glass tube inwall and tail optical fiber and the lens to connect.
The polarizer provided by the invention has significantly reduced the angle of deviation of emergent light through special lens design, makes it near optical axis transmission that is parallel to lens, has effectively improved the extinction ratio of the polarizer; Further improved the extinction ratio and the stability of the polarizer through the structure of improving polarizer core, this polarizer is specially adapted to obtain short wavelength's linearly polarized light, has solved the general lower problem of extinction ratio of traditional short wavelength's polarizer.This polarizer can be used in the multiple Fibre Optical Sensor, like optical fibre gyro, fibre optic hydrophone etc.
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to restriction the present invention, all any modifications of within spirit of the present invention and principle, being done, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. polarizer; Comprise the input collimating apparatus that is oppositely arranged and export the inclined to one side collimating apparatus of guarantor, the polarizer core between said input collimating apparatus and the inclined to one side collimating apparatus of output guarantor; And be sheathed on said input collimating apparatus, the external package pipe outside inclined to one side collimating apparatus and the polarizer core is protected in output; Said polarizer core comprises a polaroid, it is characterized in that, said input collimating apparatus is protected inclined to one side collimating apparatus with output and included optical fiber and the lens that are positioned at the tail optical fiber of said optical fiber end and are positioned at said tail optical fiber end; Said lens are column and have two end faces; One of them end face and said tail optical fiber relatively and be the inclined-plane, the other end is a sphere, the radius-of-curvature of said sphere is 1.419～1.475mm; The diameter of said lens is 1.5～1.8mm; The length of said lens is 2～2.98mm.
2. the polarizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the radius-of-curvature of said sphere is 1.475mm.
3. the polarizer as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the diameter of said lens is 1.8mm.
4. the polarizer as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the length of said lens is 2.98mm.
5. like each described polarizer of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that the central shaft that the polaroid in inclined to one side collimating apparatus and the polarizer core is protected in said input collimating apparatus, output is on same straight line.
6. like each described polarizer of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that said input collimating apparatus all adopts polarization maintaining optical fibre with the optical fiber that inclined to one side collimating apparatus is protected in output.
7. the polarizer as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, said input collimating apparatus is consistent with the direction of shaking thoroughly of said polaroid with the fast axle or the slow-axis direction of the polarization maintaining optical fibre of the inclined to one side collimating apparatus of output guarantor.
8. like claim 1 to 4 and 7 each described polarizers; It is characterized in that; Said polarizer core comprises the big glass tube and the cuvette of mutual socket; Said polaroid is attached at the end of said cuvette, and said big glass tube is sheathed on said input collimating apparatus or output is protected on the lens of inclined to one side collimating apparatus.
9. the polarizer as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, but the tube wall of said cuvette has the passage that forms supplied gas circulation between the part tube wall that along its length a breach socket-connects said big glass tube and cuvette.
10. a Fibre Optical Sensor comprises a polarizer, it is characterized in that, the said polarizer adopts each described polarizer of claim 1 to 9.
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| CN2011104149204A CN102566074B (en) | 2011-12-13 | 2011-12-13 | Polarizer and optical fiber sensor comprising same |
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| CN2011104149204A CN102566074B (en) | 2011-12-13 | 2011-12-13 | Polarizer and optical fiber sensor comprising same |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN103487892A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2014-01-01 | 深圳朗光科技有限公司 | Polarization-maintaining pump combiner |
| CN105700080A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-06-22 | 江苏宇迪光学股份有限公司 | Fiber coupling system capable of maintaining optical polarization |
| CN106444065A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-02-22 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Polarization device with adjustable polarizing angle |
| CN110132232A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-08-16 | 珠海任驰光电科技有限公司 | Static leveling device and method based on the weak value amplification of quantum |
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| CN106444065A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-02-22 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Polarization device with adjustable polarizing angle |
| CN110132232A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-08-16 | 珠海任驰光电科技有限公司 | Static leveling device and method based on the weak value amplification of quantum |
| CN110132232B (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2023-07-25 | 珠海任驰光电科技有限公司 | Static leveling device and method based on quantum weak value amplification |
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