CN102554565B - Integral manufacturing method of runner of impulse water turbine - Google Patents
Integral manufacturing method of runner of impulse water turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102554565B CN102554565B CN201110434425.XA CN201110434425A CN102554565B CN 102554565 B CN102554565 B CN 102554565B CN 201110434425 A CN201110434425 A CN 201110434425A CN 102554565 B CN102554565 B CN 102554565B
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Abstract
In order to overcome the problems that cast material is loose, a welding part is likely to fracture and distribution of weight on the periphery of a bucket is nonuniform in the manufacturing method of a runner of an impulse water turbine in the prior art, the invention provides an integral manufacturing method of the runner of the impulse water turbine. The manufacturing method comprises the steps of carrying out refining to a runner forging stock by adopting an argon-oxygen decarburization process (AOD) or a vacuum oxygen decarburization process (VOD), carrying out forging to a bucket and a wheel plate of the runner by adopting an integral forging manner, and machining the shape of the bucket of the runner by adopting a numerical control machining process. The integral making method of the runner of the impulse water turbine has the beneficial technical effects of greatly improving the material performance and integral strength of the runner of the water turbine, avoiding the problems that a welding part is likely to fracture and distribution of weight on the periphery of a bucket is nonuniform and the like, effectively improving the use performance and prolonging the service life of the runner of the impulse water turbine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to impact type waterturbine wheel manufacture method, specially refer to a kind of impact type waterturbine wheel integral manufacturing method.
Background technology
Impact type waterturbine wheel is the core component of the power station hydraulic turbine, because its environment for use is severe, need bear larger impulsive force and moment of torsion, therefore, has higher specification requirement.As, for low-carbon (LC) product requirement fracture strength σ
s>=550Mpa, for Ultra-low carbon product requirement fracture strength σ
s>=750Mpa, and, require its interior tissue must not have the defects such as white point, crackle, shrinkage cavity.The shape of impact type waterturbine wheel is similar to a disk, and mid portion is called as wheel disc, and marginal portion is called as bucket.The processing method that prior art impact type waterturbine wheel forging adopts casting, welding and manual polishing to combine, casts respectively wheel disc and bucket, is welded as a whole, then adopts the method processing bucket of manual polishing.Certainly, for axis hole and end face, also to carry out machining.Obviously, there is following some deficiency in the runner that existing impact type waterturbine wheel manufacture method is produced: (1) founding materials material is loose, and internal flaw is many, not resistance to erosion and cavitation erosion; (2) bucket root weld position easily fracture under long-term alternate stress effect; (3) bucket circumference distribution of weight is inhomogeneous, easily produces vibration in the situation that of High Rotation Speed.
Summary of the invention
For the problem such as overcome that the founding materials material that exists in prior art impact type waterturbine wheel manufacture method is loose, welding position easily ruptures and bucket circumference distribution of weight is inhomogeneous, the present invention proposes a kind of impact type waterturbine wheel integral manufacturing method.Impact type waterturbine wheel integral manufacturing method of the present invention, comprise and adopt argon-oxygen-decarburizing process AOD or vacuum oxygen decarburization process VOD to carry out refining to runner forging stock, adopt solid forging mode to forge the bucket of runner and wheel disc, adopt digital control processing mode to process the bucket profile of runner.
Impact type waterturbine wheel manufacture method of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) according to specification requirement casting runner refining blank;
(2) adopt argon-oxygen-decarburizing process AOD or vacuum oxygen decarburization process VOD to carry out refining to runner forging stock, require the chemical composition of steel ingot to reach the requirement of following table 1:
Table 1 chemical composition (﹪)
(3) forging should have enough excision amounts with the upper and lower end of steel ingot, to guarantee that forging is without shrinkage cavity and component segregation;
(4) forging molding should make the whole cross section of forging be forged fully, and forging should overlap preferably with the center line of steel ingot; The forging surface macroscopic crackle, folding and affect the open defect of its use that do not have; Local defect can be removed, but the degree of depth of removing must not surpass 75% of allowance for finish;
(5) forging should carry out normalizing, temper by related request after forging molding, and guarantees that the mechanical performance of forging reaches the requirement of following table 2:
The mechanical performance of table 2 forging
(6) in forging two planes, carry out ultrasonic examination, the defects such as the white point that do not have, crackle, shrinkage cavity; Ultrasonic examination standard is carried out with reference to pressure container forgeable piece ultrasound detection in JB4730-2005, and bucket district detection level is carried out by I level, and surpasses defect more than φ 3mm, and the spacing between its two defect should be greater than 5 times of larger defect; Wheel panel detection level is carried out by III level;
(7) adopt standard machinery processing that forging process is arrived to the desired dimensional accuracy of fine finishining blank and surface roughness;
(8) adopt digital control processing mode process and require size to put in place the bucket profile of runner.
The useful technique effect of impact type waterturbine wheel integral manufacturing method of the present invention is material capability and the bulk strength that has significantly improved rotary wheel of water turbine, avoid welding position easily fracture and the problem such as bucket circumference distribution of weight is inhomogeneous, effectively raised impact type waterturbine wheel serviceability and service life.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the front elevational schematic of impact type waterturbine wheel structure;
Accompanying drawing 2 is impact type waterturbine wheel structure overlooks partial schematic diagram.
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments impingement rotary wheel of water turbine integral manufacturing method, be described further.
The specific embodiment
Accompanying drawing 1 is the front elevational schematic of impact type waterturbine wheel structure, and accompanying drawing 2 is impact type waterturbine wheel structure overlooks partial schematic diagram, and in figure, 1 is wheel disc, and 2 is bucket.As seen from the figure, the shape of impact type waterturbine wheel is similar to a disk, and mid portion is called as wheel disc, and marginal portion is called as bucket, and the shape of bucket is comparatively complicated processes with being difficult to.The processing method that prior art impact type waterturbine wheel forging adopts casting, welding and manual polishing to combine, casts respectively wheel disc and bucket, is welded as a whole, then adopts the method processing bucket of manual polishing.Certainly, for axis hole and end face, also to carry out machining.Obviously, there is following some deficiency in the runner that prior art impact type waterturbine wheel processing method is produced: (1) founding materials material is loose, and internal flaw is many, not resistance to erosion and cavitation erosion; (2) bucket root weld position easily fracture under long-term alternate stress effect; (3) bucket circumference distribution of weight is inhomogeneous, easily produces vibration in the situation that of High Rotation Speed.
For the problem such as overcome that the founding materials material that exists in prior art impact type waterturbine wheel manufacture method is loose, welding position easily ruptures and bucket circumference distribution of weight is inhomogeneous, the present invention proposes a kind of impact type waterturbine wheel integral manufacturing method.Impact type waterturbine wheel integral manufacturing method of the present invention, comprise and adopt argon-oxygen-decarburizing process AOD or vacuum oxygen decarburization process VOD to carry out refining to runner forging stock, adopt solid forging mode to forge the bucket of runner and wheel disc, adopt digital control processing mode to process the bucket profile of runner.
Impact type waterturbine wheel manufacture method of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) according to specification requirement casting runner refining blank;
(2) adopt argon-oxygen-decarburizing process AOD or vacuum oxygen decarburization process VOD to carry out refining to runner forging stock, require the chemical composition of steel ingot to reach the requirement of following table 1:
Table 1 chemical composition (﹪)
(3) forging should have enough excision amounts with the upper and lower end of steel ingot, to guarantee that forging is without shrinkage cavity and component segregation;
(4) forging molding should make the whole cross section of forging be forged fully, and forging should overlap preferably with the center line of steel ingot; The forging surface macroscopic crackle, folding and affect the open defect of its use that do not have; Local defect can be removed, but the degree of depth of removing must not surpass 75% of allowance for finish;
(5) forging should carry out normalizing, temper by related request after forging molding, and guarantees that the mechanical performance of forging reaches the requirement of following table 2:
The mechanical performance of table 2 forging
(6) in forging two planes, carry out ultrasonic examination, the defects such as the white point that do not have, crackle, shrinkage cavity; Ultrasonic examination standard is carried out with reference to pressure container forgeable piece ultrasound detection in JB4730-2005, and bucket district detection level is carried out by I level, and surpasses defect more than φ 3mm, and the spacing between its two defect should be greater than 5 times of larger defect; Wheel panel detection level is carried out by III level;
(7) adopt standard machinery processing that forging process is arrived to the desired dimensional accuracy of fine finishining blank and surface roughness;
(8) adopt digital control processing mode process and require size to put in place the bucket profile of runner.
Obviously, the useful technique effect of impact type waterturbine wheel integral manufacturing method of the present invention is material capability and the bulk strength that has significantly improved rotary wheel of water turbine, avoid welding position easily fracture and the problem such as bucket circumference distribution of weight is inhomogeneous, effectively raised impact type waterturbine wheel serviceability and service life.
Claims (1)
1. an impact type waterturbine wheel integral manufacturing method, it is characterized in that: adopt argon-oxygen-decarburizing process AOD or vacuum oxygen decarburization process VOD to carry out refining to runner forging stock, adopt solid forging mode to forge the bucket of runner and wheel disc, adopt digital control processing mode to process the bucket profile of runner; Comprise the following steps:
(1) according to specification requirement casting runner refining blank;
(2) adopt argon-oxygen-decarburizing process AOD or vacuum oxygen decarburization process VOD to carry out refining to runner forging stock, require the chemical composition of steel ingot to reach following requirement:
For Ultra-low carbon material, the weight percent content of the chemical element of the various trades mark is:
00Cr13Ni4Mo:C≤0.03, Si≤1.00, Mn≤1.00, P≤0.030, S≤0.025, Cr is that 11.5～13.5, Ni is that 3.5～4.5, Mo is 0.40～1.00, Cu≤0.50, W≤0.50, V≤0.03;
00Cr13Ni5Mo:C≤0.03, Si≤1.00, Mn≤1.00, P≤0.030, S≤0.025, Cr is that 11.5～13.5, Ni is that 4.0～5.5, Mo is 0.40～1.00, Cu≤0.50, W≤0.50, V≤0.03;
00Cr16Ni5Mo:C≤0.03, Si≤1.00, Mn≤1.00, P≤0.030, S≤0.025, Cr is that 15.5～17.5, Ni is that 4.0～5.0, Mo is 0.40～1.00, Cu≤0.50, W≤0.50, V≤0.03;
For low carbon materials, the weight percent content of the chemical element of the various trades mark is:
06Cr13Ni4Mo:C≤0.06, Si≤1.00, Mn≤1.00, P≤0.035, S≤0.030, Cr is that 11.5～13.5, Ni is that 3.5～5.0, Mo is 0.40～1.00, Cu≤0.50, W≤0.50, V≤0.03;
06Cr16Ni5Mo:C≤0.06, Si≤1.00, Mn≤1.00, P≤0.035, S≤0.030, Cr is that 15.5～17.5, Ni is that 4.5～6.0, Mo is 0.40～1.00, Cu≤0.50, W≤0.50, V≤0.03;
06Cr13Ni6Mo:C≤0.06, Si≤1.00, Mn≤1.00, P≤0.035, S≤0.030, Cr is that 11.5～13.5, Ni is that 5.0～6.5, Mo is 0.40～1.00, Cu≤0.50, W≤0.50, V≤0.03;
Wherein: Cu, W, V are residual elements, every kind of material residual elements total amount≤0.80 ﹪;
(3) forging should have enough excision amounts with the upper and lower end of steel ingot, to guarantee that forging is without shrinkage cavity and component segregation;
(4) forging molding should make the whole cross section of forging be forged fully, and forging should overlap preferably with the center line of steel ingot; The forging surface macroscopic crackle, folding and affect the open defect of its use that do not have; Local defect can be removed, but the degree of depth of removing must not surpass 75% of allowance for finish;
(5) forging should carry out normalizing, temper by related request after forging molding, and guarantees that the mechanical performance of forging reaches following requirement:
For Ultra-low carbon material, the mechanical performance of the various trades mark reaches following requirement:
00Cr13Ni4Mo: σ
s>=750MPa, σ
b>=850MPa, δ
5>=15%, ψ>=50%, A
kv>=60J, HB is 221～330;
00Cr13Ni5Mo: σ
s>=750MPa, σ
b>=850MPa, δ
5>=16%, ψ>=50%, A
kv>=60J, HB is 221～330;
00Cr16Ni5Mo: σ
s>=800MPa, σ
b>=900MPa, δ
5>=16%, ψ>=50%, A
kv>=60J, HB is 217～330;
For low carbon materials, the mechanical performance of the various trades mark reaches following requirement:
06Cr13Ni4Mo: σ
s>=550MPa, σ
b>=750MPa, δ
5>=15%, ψ>=35%, A
kv>=50J, HB is 221～286;
06Cr13Ni6Mo: σ
s>=550MPa, σ
b>=750MPa, δ
5>=15%, ψ>=35%, A
kv>=50J, HB is 221～286;
06Cr16Ni5Mo: σ
s>=588MPa, σ
b>=785MPa, δ
5>=15%, ψ>=35%, A
kv>=40J, HB is 221～286;
(6) in forging two planes, carry out ultrasonic examination, the white point that do not have, crackle, shrinkage cavity defect; Ultrasonic examination standard is carried out with reference to pressure container forgeable piece ultrasound detection in JB4730-2005, and bucket district detection level is carried out by I level, and surpasses defect more than φ 3mm, and the spacing between its two defect should be greater than 5 times of larger defect; Wheel panel detection level is carried out by III level;
(7) adopt standard machinery processing that forging process is arrived to the desired dimensional accuracy of fine finishining blank and surface roughness;
(8) adopt digital control processing mode process and require size to put in place the bucket profile of runner.
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| CN201110434425.XA CN102554565B (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2011-12-22 | Integral manufacturing method of runner of impulse water turbine |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110434425.XA CN102554565B (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2011-12-22 | Integral manufacturing method of runner of impulse water turbine |
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| CN102554565A CN102554565A (en) | 2012-07-11 |
| CN102554565B true CN102554565B (en) | 2014-07-30 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
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| CN102865177B (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2015-08-26 | 沈阳市盛华特种铸造有限公司 | A kind of structure of knockdown impingement type hydraulic generator runner and manufacture method |
| CN104551554B (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2017-01-18 | 浙江金固股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of externally-upset stamped and hardened wheel |
| CN104625650B (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2017-09-19 | 重庆科技学院 | The manufacturing process of impact type waterturbine wheel |
| CN111545993B (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2022-01-04 | 哈动国家水力发电设备工程技术研究中心有限公司 | Manufacturing method of bucket blade in runner of impulse turbine |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57191467A (en) * | 1981-05-19 | 1982-11-25 | Toshiba Corp | Manufacture of guide vane for water turbine |
| JPS63180425A (en) * | 1987-01-21 | 1988-07-25 | Hitachi Ltd | Manufacture of pelton runner |
| US6971850B2 (en) * | 2003-06-18 | 2005-12-06 | General Electric Company | Multiple alloy rotor and method therefor |
| CN2806806Y (en) * | 2005-07-06 | 2006-08-16 | 张亦玲 | Water bucket type hydroturbine wheel |
| CN1715640A (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2006-01-04 | 柳州市久源水轮机有限责任公司 | Impact type waterturbine wheel |
| EP2064440A1 (en) * | 2006-09-22 | 2009-06-03 | Voith Siemens Hydro Power Generation GmbH & Co. KG | Method for producing the rotor of a water turbine, and rotor |
| CN101450376B (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2011-07-20 | 沈阳铸造研究所 | Turbine wicket gate double-refining casting technique |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right | ||
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Denomination of invention: Integral manufacturing method of runner of impulse water turbine Effective date of registration: 20180117 Granted publication date: 20140730 Pledgee: Chongqing mechanical and electrical Holding Group Finance Co., Ltd. Pledgor: Chongqing Water Turbine Works Co., Ltd. Registration number: 2018980000007 |
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| PC01 | Cancellation of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right | ||
| PC01 | Cancellation of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Date of cancellation: 20190118 Granted publication date: 20140730 Pledgee: Chongqing mechanical and electrical Holding Group Finance Co., Ltd. Pledgor: Chongqing Water Turbine Works Co., Ltd. Registration number: 2018980000007 |
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| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right | ||
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Denomination of invention: Integral manufacturing method of runner of impulse water turbine Effective date of registration: 20190320 Granted publication date: 20140730 Pledgee: Chongqing mechanical and electrical Holding Group Finance Co., Ltd. Pledgor: Chongqing Water Turbine Works Co., Ltd. Registration number: 2019500000007 |