CN102545669A - Solar electro-optical system with capacitance conversion function - Google Patents
Solar electro-optical system with capacitance conversion function Download PDFInfo
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- CN102545669A CN102545669A CN2010105979655A CN201010597965A CN102545669A CN 102545669 A CN102545669 A CN 102545669A CN 2010105979655 A CN2010105979655 A CN 2010105979655A CN 201010597965 A CN201010597965 A CN 201010597965A CN 102545669 A CN102545669 A CN 102545669A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solar electro-optical system with a capacitance conversion function. A solar battery is used for providing a direct current power supply, and the direct current power supply is converted into an alternating current power supply, and the alternating current power supply is parallelly connected with an alternating current mains supply for operation. The solar electro-optical system also comprises a capacitance conversion device, a direct current/direct current converter, a direct current/alternating current converter and a filter circuit. Moreover, the capacitance conversion device comprises an inductor, a first power switch element, a second power switch element and a capacitor which are electrically connected with one another. Therefore, through the functions of energy storage, energy release and filtration provided by the capacitance conversion device, the conventional electrolytic capacitor is replaced, so that the service life of the solar electro-optical system is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solar photovoltaic system, refer to a kind of solar photovoltaic system especially with electric capacity translation function.
Background technology
Oil crisis has taken place twice since the 's to 1980, alternative energy source seek and study one of major policies that are each important country.And, because industrialization in the recent period develops rapidly, cause fossil energy shortage price to rise, and derive another environmental problem be carbon dioxide excessively discharging cause the unusual and temperature of terrestrial climate to rise.For effective dependence that reduces fossil energy, just there are many renewable energy resources to arise at the historic moment, as: solar energy and wind energy etc.
Because solar energy has pollution-free, non-harmful characteristic, and inexhaustible again, therefore, the application of solar energy has the potentiality of suitable development.Because the active research of solar cell development has in recent years reached quite high efficient, therefore receives the attention of various countries such as Europe, U.S.A, day gradually, and the encouragement expansion that works out a policy is used.
Solar photovoltaic system mainly is to carry out opto-electronic conversion through solar panels to produce DC power supply, converts DC power supply bus and the civil power synchronous parallel running of AC power for load use or feed-in civil power to through electric governor again.Therefore, with regard to function, can divide into following three types: (1) self (stand-alone system), (2) civil power parallel connection type (grid-connection system) and (3) mixed type (hybrid system).Self solar photovoltaic system that system refers to not and other power supplys link running, load that can only directly feed system connect is so this system is more suitable for the place that remote districts or marine isolated island etc. do not have commercial power supply.Civil power parallel connection type solar photovoltaic system that system refers to is parallelly connected with the Utilities Electric Co. networking, as long as any place that civil power electric power can normally be sent to all is suitable for this type systematic.If the solar photovoltaic system energy output is greater than loading demand, then can be with excrescent electric power opposite tide feed-in civil power, otherwise, when the not enough load of solar photovoltaic system energy output is used, the part that civil power can be under-supply.In addition, in response to electric power instability quality problem, hybrid system and develop.When solar photovoltaic system is stopped power supply at civil power, use through the collocation batteries, can be immediately and mains isolation, form the independent operation power supply, so that of short duration electric power to be provided.Deng when the city power recovery supplies power, it is parallelly connected with civil power that solar photovoltaic system then recovers, and also batteries charged simultaneously.
See also the sketch map of Fig. 1 for known solar photovoltaic system.Solar photovoltaic system with the civil power parallel connection type is the example explanation, that is, this solar photovoltaic system and an electric main 60A parallel running.This solar photovoltaic system comprises a solar cell 10A, an input filter capacitor 20A, a DC-DC converter 30A, an AC/DC converter 40A and a filter circuit 50A.Is electric energy through this solar cell 10A with transform light energy, so that a direct current output voltage V pv and a direct current output current Ipv to be provided.This input filter capacitor 20A electrically connects this solar cell 10A, so that the power conversion operation of back-end circuit to be provided, required energy storage, release can with the usefulness of filtering.Wherein, this input filter capacitor 20A is generally an electrochemical capacitor (electrolytic capacitor).The aluminium electrode of electrochemical capacitor is coated with aluminum oxide with as dielectric material, and the electrode that scribbles oxide is placed in the aqueous electrolyte of conduction.Yet the electrolyte of electrochemical capacitor but is to cause electrochemical capacitor to be unfavorable for the long-term main cause of using, and the electrochemical capacitor average life is 5 years usually, and therefore, if use at the more harsh environment of condition, electrochemical capacitor useful life will be more deficient.
This DC-DC converter 30A electrically connects this input filter capacitor 20A.With this DC-DC converter 30A is that an inverse-excitation type transducer (flyback converter) is that example is explained.This DC-DC converter 30A comprises an isolating transformer (isolated transformer) 302A, a power switch component 304A, a diode 306A and a filter capacitor 308A.The filtering voltage that this input filter capacitor of this DC-DC converter 30A reception 20A is exported is the primary side input voltage Vpr of this isolating transformer 302A, and flows into the primary side input current Ipr of this isolating transformer 302A.Through the switching of this power switch component 304A, the energy of importing is sent to output, and passes through the turn ratio of first and second lateral coil of this isolating transformer 302A, the voltage potential rising of this DC power supply after the filtering.
This AC/DC converter 40A electrically connects this DC-DC converter 30A.This AC/DC converter 40A can be a full-bridge type framework.This AC/DC converter 40A comprises four power switch components, that is is respectively one first power switch component 402A, one second power switch component 404A, one the 3rd power switch component 406A and one the 4th power switch component 408A.And each these power switch components 402A～408A all contains a reverse parallel connection diode (not indicating), or is called body diode (bodydiode).In addition; This AC/DC converter 40A is made up of two groups of brachium pontis; Every group of brachium pontis is made up of above-mentioned two power switch components; As shown in Figure 1, this first power switch component 402A and this second power switch component 404A and the 3rd power switch component 406A and the 4th power switch component 408A form a brachium pontis respectively.This AC/DC converter 40A can be through sinusoid pulse width modulation modulation (Sinusoidal Pulse-Width-Modulation; SPWM) or square wave switch (square-wave switching) mode; And then control the switching of these power switch components 402A～408A, convert this DC power supply after boosting into this AC power source of sine wave that amplitude and frequency all can be modulated.
This filter circuit 50A electrically connects this AC/DC converter 40A; And; This filter circuit 50 is formed by a filter inductance 502A and a filter capacitor 504A, filters with the high-frequency harmonic composition of this AC power that this AC/DC converter 40A is produced.
For at whole solar photovoltaic system conversion process of energy, conversion efficiency and useful life are the targets of pursuing for present whole industrial quarters.But,, except causing the decline of whole generating reliability, more will cause the equipment construction cost of whole solar photovoltaic system and cost of electricity-generating to improve as if the useful life of limiting this solar photovoltaic system because of the electrolyte of electrochemical capacitor.
Therefore, how designing a kind of solar photovoltaic system with electric capacity translation function, replace traditional electrochemical capacitor, to increase the useful life of this solar photovoltaic system, is a big problem that overcomes and solve for the application inventor institute desire row.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the present invention provides a kind of solar photovoltaic system with electric capacity translation function.Solar photovoltaic system with electric capacity translation function provides DC power supply through solar cell, and the conversion DC power supply be AC power, again with the electric main parallel running.Solar photovoltaic system more comprises electric capacity conversion equipment, DC-DC converter, AC/DC converter and filter circuit.
The electric capacity conversion equipment electrically connects solar cell, and comprises inductance, first power switch component, second power switch component and the electric capacity that is electrically connected to each other, and with the DC power supply to solar cell output filtering and power conversion is provided.DC-DC converter electrically connects the electric capacity conversion equipment, raises with the voltage potential with DC power supply after the filtering.AC/DC converter electrically connects DC-DC converter, and the back DC power supply converts AC power into boosting.Filter circuit electrically connects AC/DC converter, with to AC power filtering.
Whereby, replace the employed electrochemical capacitor of traditional solar photovoltaic system, to increase the useful life of solar photovoltaic system through the electric capacity conversion equipment.
Reach technology, means and the effect that predetermined purpose is taked in order further to understand the present invention; See also following about detailed description of the present invention and accompanying drawing; Believe the object of the invention, characteristic and characteristics; When can be thus one deeply and concrete understanding, yet appended accompanying drawing only provides reference and explanation usefulness, is not to be used for to the present invention's limitr in addition.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sketch map of known solar photovoltaic system;
Fig. 2 has the circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the solar photovoltaic system of electric capacity translation function for the present invention; And
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of an electric capacity conversion equipment of the present invention.
Wherein, Reference numeral
10A solar cell 20A input filter capacitor
30A DC-DC converter 302A isolating transformer
304A power switch component 306A diode
The 402A first power switch component 404A second power switch component
406A the 3rd power switch component 408A the 4th power switch component
Vpv VD Ipv average anode current
Vpr primary side input voltage Ipr primary side input current
10 solar cells, 20 electric capacity conversion equipments
202 inductance, 204 first power switch components
206 second power switch components, 208 electric capacity
30 DC-DC converters, 302 isolating transformers
304 power switch components, 306 diodes
308 filter capacitors, 40 AC/DC converters
402 the 3rd power switch components 404 the 4th power switch component
406 the 5th power switch components 408 the 6th power switch component
50 filter circuits, 502 filter inductances
504 filter capacitors, 60 electric mains
Vpv VD Ipv average anode current
Vpr primary side input voltage Ipr primary side input current
Ceq equivalent input capacitance Veq equivalence input voltage
Co equivalent output capacitance Vo equivalence output voltage
Embodiment
Now relevant technology contents of the present invention and detailed description, conjunction with figs. is explained as follows:
See also Fig. 2 has the solar photovoltaic system of electric capacity translation function for the present invention the circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment.This has the solar photovoltaic system of electric capacity translation function, through a solar cell 10 a direct current power supply is provided, and to change this DC power supply be an AC power, again with an electric main 60 parallel runnings.Wherein, this DC power supply comprises a direct current output voltage V pv and a direct current output current Ipv.This solar photovoltaic system more comprises an electric capacity conversion equipment 20, a DC-DC converter 30, an AC/DC converter 40 and a filter circuit 50.
This electric capacity conversion equipment 20 electrically connects this solar cell 10, with this DC power supply filtering that this solar cell 10 is provided.See also the circuit diagram of Fig. 3 for this electric capacity conversion equipment of the present invention.This electric capacity conversion equipment 20 is a power electronics conversion equipment.Suppose that this electric capacity conversion equipment 20 is the device of a free of losses (lossless), therefore, can learn that by the conservation of energy principle electric capacity storage power before and after these electric capacity conversion equipment 20 conversions is identical, that is,
Ceq×Veq
2＝Co×Vo
2；
Wherein, Ceq and Veq represent the equivalent input capacitance and the equivalent input voltage of this electric capacity conversion equipment 20 respectively; This Co and Vo represent the equivalent output capacitance and the equivalent output voltage of this electric capacity conversion equipment 20 respectively.Therefore, the equivalent input capacitance Ceq=(Co * Vo of this electric capacity conversion equipment 20
2)/Veq
2, therefore, can the big electric capacity of low voltage operating be converted into the little electric capacity of high voltage of equivalence through this electric capacity conversion equipment 20.Thus, can the electrochemical capacitor of the big capacitance of low voltage operating that uses originally be replaced with the non-electrolytic capacitor of the little capacitance of high voltage operation.That is original required required energy stored of the big capacitance of low-voltage is passed through the switching mode of power electronics conversion equipment, converts the capacitor of the little capacitance of high voltage into.So, change required electric capacity material at an easy rate, and do not influence the performance of whole solar converter through this electric capacity conversion equipment 20.Therefore, in solar converter, promptly no longer need use electrochemical capacitor, and can be to improve the life-span widely.
As previously mentioned, cooperate referring to Fig. 2, this electric capacity conversion equipment 20 is a power electronics conversion equipment, and this electric capacity conversion equipment 20 comprises an inductance 202, one first power switch component 204, one second power switch component 206 and an electric capacity 208.This electric capacity conversion equipment 20 is a voltage-boosting converter (boost converter), to replace the electrochemical capacitor of the tradition big capacitance of low-voltage that used.This electric capacity conversion equipment 20 receives this VD Vpv and this average anode current Ipv that this solar cell 10 is exported; Utilize the equivalent input capacitance characteristic of this electric capacity conversion equipment 20; When the operation of this DC-DC converter 30 power conversion is provided, required energy storage, release can with the usefulness of filtering.
This DC-DC converter 30 electrically connects this electric capacity conversion equipment 20, raises with the voltage potential with this DC power supply after the filtering.In the present embodiment, this DC-DC converter 30 can be an inverse-excitation type transducer (flyback converter).This DC-DC converter 30 comprises an isolating transformer (isolated transformer) 302, one power switch component 304, a diode 306 and a filter capacitor 308.This DC-DC converter 30 receives the output voltage of these electric capacity conversion equipments 20, as this isolating transformer 302 primary side input voltage Vpr of this DC-DC converter 30, and flows into the primary side input current Ipr of this isolating transformer 302.When these power switch component 304 closures, energy storage is in the magnetizing inductance (not shown) of this isolating transformer 302, and when this power switch component 304 was opened, energy was sent to output.And; Because the output voltage of this solar cell 10 is lower, therefore, through first and second lateral coil turn ratio of this isolating transformer 302; The voltage potential of this DC power supply after the filtering is raise, and can reduce influence because of the variation in voltage that load change caused.In addition; This DC-DC converter 30 provides maximum power tracing (maximum power point tracking; MPPT) function is through this VD Vpv and this average anode current Ipv that detects this solar cell 10, again according to the maximum power point tracking strategy; Find out the best operating point of this solar cell 10; And then (pulse width modulation, the PWM) duty ratio of signal (duty cycle) is to export this pulse width modulating signal to one drive circuit to confirm employed pulse width modulation.So, utilize and realize this maximum power tracing, improve the power output of this solar cell 10, make this solar photovoltaic system be operated in peak power output and then raising generating efficiency.
Be worth mentioning; Through controlling the switching cycle of this first power switch component 204 and this second power switch component 206; That is, when these first power switch component, 204 conductings (closure) and this second power switch component 206 when (opening), this inductance 202 is a stored energy operation.Otherwise when this first power switch component 204 ended (opening) and this second power switch component, 206 conductings (closure), this inductance 202 can be operated for releasing.Therefore, can the afford redress usefulness of harmonic energy of the primary side input current Ipr that flows into this isolating transformer 302 of the electric current of this inductance 202 of flowing through.And, be continuous characteristic through the electric current of this inductance 202 of flowing through, harmonic components is lowered widely, therefore, can reduce the use of high-frequency filter circuit.
In addition, this second power switch component 206 of this electric capacity conversion equipment 20 can be a diode and replaces (not shown).When this diode passes to along bias-voltage, allow current flowing; On the contrary, when this diode passed to against bias-voltage, electric current can't be flowed through, so this diode can provide conducting and the switching characteristic of ending.
In addition, this AC/DC converter 40 electrically connects this DC-DC converter 30, converts this AC power into this DC power supply after will boosting.In the present embodiment, this AC/DC converter 40 is a full-bridge type AC/DC converter.This AC/DC converter 40 comprises four power switch components, that is one the 3rd power switch component 402, one the 4th power switch component 404, one the 5th power switch component 406 and one the 6th power switch component 408.Usually, each these power switch component 402～408 all contains a reverse parallel connection diode (not indicating), or is called body diode (body diode).This AC/DC converter 40 is made up of two groups of brachium pontis; Every group of brachium pontis is made up of above-mentioned two power switch components; As shown in Figure 2, the 3rd power switch component 402 forms a brachium pontis with the 4th power switch component 404 and the 5th power switch component 406 respectively with the 6th power switch component 408.And; The situation that two power switch components are short-circuited under non-complete conducting or cut-off state on the same brachium pontis; Need stagger at the upper and lower bridge arm diode current flow and by the centre, postpone a period of time, this section period is called Dead Time (dead time) or claims that short circuit prevents the time.Wherein, this AC/DC converter 40 is through a high frequency switching mode, and for example a sinusoid pulse width modulation is modulated (sinusoidal pulse-width-modulation; SPWM) switching mode; Drive these power switch components 402～408 of this AC/DC converter 40, that is, relatively more sinusoidal wave (or claiming modulating wave) and triangular wave (or claiming carrier wave) utilized; Produce pulse width modulating signal, and then control the switching of these power switch components.In addition, this AC/DC converter 40 can pass through a low frequency switching mode, and for example a square wave switches (square-wave switching) mode, drives these power switch components 402～408 of this AC/DC converter 40.Therefore, this DC power supply converted this AC power source of sine wave that amplitude and frequency all can be modulated into after this AC/DC converter 40 will boost.
In addition, this filter circuit 50 electrically connects these AC/DC converters 40, with to this AC power filtering.In the present embodiment, this filter circuit 50 is a filter inductance 502 and 504 compositions of a filter capacitor.The second-order low-pass filter of being formed through this filter inductance 502 and this filter capacitor 504 filters with the high-frequency harmonic composition of this AC power that this AC/DC converter 40 is produced, is the low-frequency ac string ripple signal of 60Hz (basic wave) to produce frequency.
Whereby, the energy storage that is provided through this electric capacity conversion equipment 20, release can and filter function, to replace traditional electrochemical capacitor, to increase the useful life of this solar photovoltaic system.
In sum, the present invention has following advantage:
1, utilize this electric capacity conversion equipment to replace traditional electrochemical capacitor, the electrolyte that then overcomes traditional electrochemical capacitor causes the problem that the life-span reduces greatly, and then the useful life of improving this solar photovoltaic system;
2, this electric capacity conversion equipment is a power electronics conversion equipment, and, can be the boost converter of any pattern, can provide this electric capacity conversion equipment more flexible circuit design;
3, this inductive current through this electric capacity conversion equipment of flowing through is continuous characteristic, and harmonic components is lowered widely, so, can reduce the use of high-frequency filter circuit;
4, utilize this electric capacity conversion equipment to replace traditional electrochemical capacitor, can improve whole generating reliability, and reduce the equipment construction cost and the cost of electricity-generating of whole solar photovoltaic system.
Certainly; The present invention also can have other various embodiments; Under the situation that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention and essence thereof; Those of ordinary skill in the art work as can make various corresponding changes and distortion according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and distortion all should belong to the protection range of the appended claim of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the solar photovoltaic system with electric capacity translation function is characterized in that, through a solar cell one direct current power supply is provided, and to change this DC power supply be an AC power, again with an electric main parallel running; This solar photovoltaic system more comprises:
One electric capacity conversion equipment; Electrically connect this solar cell; And comprise the inductance, one first power switch component, one second power switch component and the electric capacity that are electrically connected to each other, filtering and power conversion are provided with this DC power supply to this solar cell output;
One DC-DC converter electrically connects this electric capacity conversion equipment, raises with the voltage potential with this DC power supply after the filtering;
One AC/DC converter electrically connects this DC-DC converter, converts this AC power into this DC power supply after will boosting; And
One filter circuit electrically connects this AC/DC converter, with to this AC power filtering;
Replace the employed electrochemical capacitor of traditional solar photovoltaic system through this electric capacity conversion equipment, to increase the useful life of this solar photovoltaic system.
2. the solar photovoltaic system with electric capacity translation function according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this electric capacity conversion equipment is a voltage-boosting converter.
3. the solar photovoltaic system with electric capacity translation function according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this DC-DC converter is an inverse-excitation type transducer.
4. the solar photovoltaic system with electric capacity translation function according to claim 1 is characterized in that this DC-DC converter provides the maximum power tracing function.
5. the solar photovoltaic system with electric capacity translation function according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this AC/DC converter is a full-bridge type AC/DC converter.
6. the solar photovoltaic system with electric capacity translation function according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this AC/DC converter drives the power switch component of this AC/DC converter through a high frequency switching mode.
7. the solar photovoltaic system with electric capacity translation function according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this AC/DC converter drives the power switch component of this AC/DC converter through a low frequency switching mode.
8. the solar photovoltaic system with electric capacity translation function according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this filter circuit is formed by a filter inductance and a filter capacitor.
9. the solar photovoltaic system with electric capacity translation function according to claim 6 is characterized in that, this high frequency switching mode is a sinusoid pulse width modulation modulation system.
10. the solar photovoltaic system with electric capacity translation function according to claim 7 is characterized in that, this low frequency switching mode is a square wave switching mode.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105979655A CN102545669A (en) | 2010-12-21 | 2010-12-21 | Solar electro-optical system with capacitance conversion function |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010105979655A CN102545669A (en) | 2010-12-21 | 2010-12-21 | Solar electro-optical system with capacitance conversion function |
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Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2773994Y (en) * | 2004-12-17 | 2006-04-19 | 新疆新能源股份有限公司 | Solar single-phase sine-wave DC-to-AC inverter connected with power network |
| CN201194333Y (en) * | 2008-03-17 | 2009-02-11 | 北京能高自动化技术有限公司 | Solar photovoltaic parallel-in system |
| US20090040794A1 (en) * | 2007-08-08 | 2009-02-12 | Advanced Analogic Technologies, Inc. | Time-Multiplexed Multi-Output DC/DC Converters and Voltage Regulators |
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2010
- 2010-12-21 CN CN2010105979655A patent/CN102545669A/en active Pending
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2773994Y (en) * | 2004-12-17 | 2006-04-19 | 新疆新能源股份有限公司 | Solar single-phase sine-wave DC-to-AC inverter connected with power network |
| US20090040794A1 (en) * | 2007-08-08 | 2009-02-12 | Advanced Analogic Technologies, Inc. | Time-Multiplexed Multi-Output DC/DC Converters and Voltage Regulators |
| CN201194333Y (en) * | 2008-03-17 | 2009-02-11 | 北京能高自动化技术有限公司 | Solar photovoltaic parallel-in system |
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Application publication date: 20120704 |