CN102545011B - Adjustment and control device and method for ultra intense and ultra short laser pulse super-continuum spectrum - Google Patents
Adjustment and control device and method for ultra intense and ultra short laser pulse super-continuum spectrum Download PDFInfo
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- CN102545011B CN102545011B CN 201210042435 CN201210042435A CN102545011B CN 102545011 B CN102545011 B CN 102545011B CN 201210042435 CN201210042435 CN 201210042435 CN 201210042435 A CN201210042435 A CN 201210042435A CN 102545011 B CN102545011 B CN 102545011B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an adjustment and control device and method for an ultra intense and ultra short laser pulse super-continuum spectrum. After passing through a variable attenuation sheet and a time delay line, a beam of laser G (t) irradiates to a concave mirror in parallel with another beam of laser G (f) passing through a movable reflector; and G (t) and G (f) are reflected through the concave mirror and then crossed and focused. In a plasma channel produced by laser filamentation, a space plasma grating is formed because of double light beam interference; the super-continuum spectrum produced during the filamentation can be enhanced by using the plasma grating; and control and transfer of the energy of the super-continuum spectrum between the two beams of laser can be realized. According to the method and the device provided by the invention, the spectrum of the ultra short pulse can be actively controlled in an ultra intense laser field; and an involved light path has a simple structure and is convenient for adjustment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to transmission and the spectrum widening of ultra-intense ultra-short laser pulse, particularly a kind of regulation device of ultra-intense ultra-short laser pulse super continuous spectrums and regulate and control method thereof.
Background technology
When ultra-intense ultra-short laser pulse transmits in medium, if the enough height of pulse energy will cause the laser filament effect, form plasma channel and produce super continuous spectrums.Ultra-intense ultra-short laser pulse becomes silk under the state that freely transmits, be conducive to laser energy in the quite interior more stable transmission of long distance, so the laser filament phenomenon gets more and more people's extensive concerning always.And the super continuous spectrums of institute's association also has very large potential using value in the laser filament process.
From Alfano in 1970 and Shapiro observed super continuous spectrums in experiment since, people were just probing into its essence always and are developing simultaneously its application.S.L.Chin pointed out in 1999, was a kind of white light laser in fact from certain angle super continuous spectrums.This white light laser also is applied to the numerous areas such as atmospheric remote sensing, Laser pulse compression already.The problem that often can face in the concrete application of super continuous spectrums is how super continuous spectrums to be regulated and controled, such as the time domain distribution that changes the super continuous spectrums pulse strength etc.
The people such as I.S.Golubtsov in 2003 point out can control by the initial phase of modulated laser pulse the generation (Quantum Electron.33 (2003) 525) of laser filament process and super continuous spectrums theoretically.The people such as HAOZuo-Qiang in 2008 and ZHANG Jie have confirmed the impact (CHIN.PHYS.LETT.25 (2008) 1365) that the initial chirp of laser pulse produces the laser filament super continuous spectrums in experiment.The people such as Hui Yang in 2005 and Jie Zhang have also studied laser pulse and have become the generation of super continuous spectrums in the silk process for the dependence (Opt.Lett.30 (2005) 534) of laser polarization.Certainly by changing the modes such as peak power of laser pulse, also can play to the super continuous spectrums that laser filament produces certain modulating action.Yet above-mentioned formerly technology also just strengthens the super continuous spectrums that laser filament produces to a certain extent, and must realize by the output pulse character that changes lasing light emitter.This obviously far can not satisfy various application demands, needs badly for the how more effective regulate and control method of laser filament super continuous spectrums.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is mainly that application space plasma grating is realized the regulation and control to the ultra-intense ultra-short laser pulse super continuous spectrums, makes the super continuous spectrums energy transfer to another light beam from light beam, and can strengthen the broadening effect of spectrum in the laser filament process.Regulate and the damage threshold high based on the plasma grating is convenient, the method has very large promotional value at aspects such as the transmission of ultra-intense ultra-short laser pulse and spectrum controls.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
a kind of regulation device of ultra-intense ultra-short laser pulse super continuous spectrums, its characteristics are, this device comprises titanium jewel femto-second laser, outbound course at this titanium jewel femto-second laser is provided with the first attenuator and beam splitting chip, this beam splitting chip is divided into transmitted light beam G (t) and folded light beam G (f) with beam of laser, described transmitted light beam G (t) is through the second variable attenuation sheet with by the 4th speculum, the 5th speculum, the 6th speculum, the 7th speculum, the time delay line that the second translation stage forms, be mapped to concave mirror by described the 7th speculum import and export, described folded light beam G (f) exports through the first speculum, the second speculum with after being arranged on the 3rd speculum on the first translation stage, described transmitted light beam G (t) is parallel with folded light beam G (f) to be incided to intersect after reflection on described concave mirror and focuses on, in the plasma channel that laser filament produces, because two-beam interference forms a space plasma grating.
Utilize the regulation device of above-mentioned ultra-intense ultra-short laser pulse super continuous spectrums to carry out the regulate and control method of ultra-intense ultra-short laser pulse super continuous spectrums, it is characterized in that comprising following content,
By mobile the first translation stage (7), change described folded light beam G (f) incoming position, namely change described folded light beam G (f) and transmitted light beam G (t) the angle α through between described concave mirror (14) reflection output two light beams, thereby determine effective interaction length L and the grating constant Λ of described space plasma grating (15);
By mobile the second translation stage (12) on transmitted light beam G (t) incident direction, make transmitted light beam G (t) and folded light beam G (f) equivalent optical path from beam splitting chip (3) to two light beams intersection focal positions, namely make two light beams intersect the fluorescence intensity of focal positions under the laser filament state and reach maximum, thereby the two pulses formation space plasma grating (15) that interacts already be described;
Change the pulse energy of described transmitted light beam G (t) by regulating the second variable attenuation sheet (8), can change the photo plasma refractive index change delta n in described space plasma grating (15)
p
By above-described various regulative modes, can effectively control the super continuous spectrums that ultra-intense ultra-short laser pulse becomes silk to produce, realize enhancing and the transfer in various degree of super continuous spectrums energy.
Basic principle of the present invention is: femto-second laser pulse becomes silk will produce the passage that plasma forms in air, and dual-beam chiasma interference occurs in plasma channel, just can form a plasma grating, and its grating constant is:
Λ＝λ
0/[2sin(α/2)] (1)
In formula: λ
0Be the wavelength of chiasma interference laser, α represents the cross angle of this two bundles laser.
The plasma grating can be realized Bragg diffraction for the incident light that wavelength and incidence angle meet certain condition, and the Bragg diffraction condition can be expressed as:
nλ＝2Λsin(θ
B) (2)
In formula: n represents that the order of diffraction is inferior, and λ is lambda1-wavelength, θ
BThe n level Bragg angle that represents this incident light.
By (1) and (2), can get the one-level Bragg angle and be:
The maximum angle of divergence of supposing two bundle chiasma interference laser is
If satisfy
So just can realize the transfer of super continuous spectrums energy from light beam to another light beam.Meanwhile the spectrum widening effect of laser filament is also strengthened.
For the incident laser that satisfies (2) and (4), the diffraction efficiency of plasma grating is:
Wherein: Δ n
pBe by the caused variations in refractive index amplitude of plasma density modulation, and L is the effective interaction length with the plasma grating of the factor analysis such as two bundle laser cross angle α.
Compare with first technology, the present invention has following distinguishing feature:
1. light channel structure is simple, and is easy to operate, and the plasma grating has controllability, by modes such as the angle between the change two-beam or pulsed laser energies, it adjusted, and avoids supported type to install, and is suitable for job space.
2. due to the high destructive threshold value of plasma grating, can directly control ultrashort laser pulse spectrum in the ultra-intense laser field, for becoming silk and super continuous spectrums thereof, the observing and controlling laser pulse provides powerful.
3. because the time-delay between the two-way laser pulse can accurately be controlled, therefore can realize the active control to laser pulse time domain and frequency domain spectrum.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the light channel structure block diagram of ultra-intense ultra-short laser pulse super continuous spectrums regulation device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the Output of laser spectrum of titanium jewel femto-second laser used.
Fig. 3 is the laser spectroscopy after the 0.5mJ pulse laser becomes the silk broadening.
Fig. 4 is that 0.5mJ pulse and 0.5mJ impulsive synchronization are crossed as the super continuous spectrums that silk produces.
Fig. 5 is that the 0.5mJ pulse intersects with the 0.1mJ pulse and synchronizes, and when only having one the tunnel to become silk in the two-way pulse, shifts the spectrum that does not become the mercerising bundle afterwards through super Continuous Energy.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below by embodiment and accompanying drawing, but should not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
Please first consult Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the light channel structure block diagram of ultra-intense ultra-short laser pulse super continuous spectrums regulation device of the present invention.as seen from the figure, this device of ultra-intense ultra-short laser pulse super continuous spectrums regulation device of the present invention comprises titanium jewel femto-second laser 1, outbound course at this titanium jewel femto-second laser 1 is provided with the first attenuator 2 and beam splitting chip 3, this beam splitting chip 3 is divided into transmitted light beam G (t) and folded light beam G (f) with the laser beam of titanium jewel femto-second laser 1 output, described transmitted light beam G (t) is through the second variable attenuation sheet 8 with by the 4th speculum 9, the 5th speculum 10 and the 6th speculum 11 that is positioned on the second translation stage 12, the time delay line that the 7th speculum 13 forms, incide concave mirror 14 by described the 7th speculum 13 output transmitted light beam G (t), described folded light beam G (f) is through the first speculum 4, the second speculum 5 with output after being arranged on the 3rd speculum 6 on the first translation stage 7, described transmitted light beam G (t) is parallel with folded light beam G (f) to be incided to intersect after reflection on described concave mirror 14 and focuses on, in the plasma channel that laser filament produces, because two-beam interference forms a space plasma grating 15.
Described the 3rd speculum 6 is fixed on the first translation stage 7, and this first translation stage 7 can move front and back on G (f) incident direction.
Described the 5th speculum 10 and the 6th speculum 11 are fixed on the second translation stage 12, and this second translation stage 12 can move front and back on G (t) incident direction, changes the time delay of time delay line.
Described the first attenuator 2 and the second attenuator 8 are the variable attenuation sheet.
The concrete use step of above-mentioned ultra-intense ultra-short laser pulse super continuous spectrums regulation device is as follows:
(1) at first adjust described the first attenuator 2 and the second attenuator 8, make described transmitted light beam G (t) and folded light beam G (f) all can satisfy the laser filament condition after described concave mirror 14 focuses on.
(2) again by mobile described the first translation stage 7, change the parallel distance that incides light beam G (f) and G (t) before described concave mirror 14, namely adjust the angle α of G (f) and G (t) intersection focusing after the concave mirror reflection.
(3) then by mobile described the second translation stage 12, make the fluorescence intensity of G (f) and G (t) intersection region maximum, two pulses this moment reach synchronously in time, and described space plasma grating 15 forms and super continuous spectrums is exerted an influence.
(4) then adjust described the second variable attenuation sheet 8, or mobile described the first translation stage 7 and the second translation stage 12, continue the observation super continuous spectrums and change.
Specific embodiments of the invention: the full width at half maximum of titanium jewel femto-second laser output pulse is about 30fs, and the highest single pulse energy is about 5.3mJ, and Output of laser spectrum as shown in Figure 2.Adjust described the first attenuator 2 and the second attenuator 8, make the single pulse energy of G (f) and G (t) be 0.5mJ, namely the pulse average power is 1.67P
cr(the threshold power P of 30fs laser pulse self focusing in air
crBe about 10GW), G (f) has satisfied into strand spare with G (t).By mobile described the first translation stage 7, G (f) and G (t) the angle α that intersection focuses on after concave mirror 14 reflections of focal length 15cm is 3.8 °.By mobile described the second translation stage 12, make two pulses reach in time synchronous, the gained super continuous spectrums as shown in Figure 4, the stretched-out spectrum when 0.5mJ simple venation in Fig. 3 is washed into thread is compared, and can find out that just described space plasma grating 15 is for the humidification of laser filament spectrum widening.Then adjust attenuator 8, make the single pulse energy of G (t) reduce to 0.1mJ, namely average pulse power is about 0.33P
cr, G this moment (t) no longer becomes silk, however still there is very large broadening in its spectrum, and as shown in Figure 5, this is to be shifted by the caused super continuous spectrums energy of described space plasma grating 15 to make so.
Claims (1)
1. a regulation device that utilizes the ultra-intense ultra-short laser pulse super continuous spectrums carries out the regulate and control method of ultra-intense ultra-short laser pulse super continuous spectrums, this device comprises titanium jewel femto-second laser (1), outbound course at this titanium jewel femto-second laser (1) is provided with the first attenuator (2) and beam splitting chip (3), this beam splitting chip (3) is divided into transmitted light beam G (t) and folded light beam G (f) with the laser beam of the output of titanium jewel femto-second laser (1), described transmitted light beam G (t) is through the second variable attenuation sheet (8) with by the 4th speculum (9), the 5th speculum (10), the 6th speculum (11), the 7th speculum (13), the time delay line that the second translation stage (12) forms, be mapped to concave mirror (14) by described the 7th speculum (13) import and export, described folded light beam G (f) is through the first speculum (4), the second speculum (5) with output after being arranged on the 3rd speculum (6) on the first translation stage (7), described transmitted light beam G (t) is parallel with folded light beam G (f) to be incided to intersect after reflection on described concave mirror (14) and focuses on, in the plasma channel that laser filament produces, because two-beam interference forms a space plasma grating (15), it is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
1. by mobile the first translation stage (7), change described folded light beam G (f) incoming position, namely change described folded light beam G (f) and transmitted light beam G (t) the angle α through between described concave mirror (14) reflection output two light beams, thereby determine effective interaction length L and the grating constant ∧ of described space plasma grating (15);
2. by mobile the second translation stage (12) on transmitted light beam G (t) incident direction, make transmitted light beam G (t) and folded light beam G (f) equivalent optical path from beam splitting chip (3) to two light beams intersection focal positions, namely make two light beams intersect the fluorescence intensity of focal positions under the laser filament state and reach maximum, thereby the two pulses formation space plasma grating (15) that interacts already be described;
3. change the pulse energy of described transmitted light beam G (t) by regulating the second variable attenuation sheet (8), can change the photo plasma refractive index change delta n in described space plasma grating (15)
p
4. repeat above-mentioned steps, the super continuous spectrums that becomes silk to be produced to control ultra-intense ultra-short laser pulse is realized enhancing and the transfer in various degree of super continuous spectrums energy.
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| CN103138148A (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2013-06-05 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Device and method for expanding spectral widths |
| CN103645593B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2016-11-23 | 湖南大学 | Spatial light modulator based on laser plasma channel |
| CN103823309B (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2016-05-04 | 南开大学 | Ultrashort laser pulse beam-splitting method and device that a kind of spatial and temporal distributions is adjustable |
| CN103995362A (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2014-08-20 | 南开大学 | Method and device for continuously adjusting pulse interval |
| CN104570377B (en) * | 2015-01-04 | 2017-05-24 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Laser chirp pulse beam splitting loop optical grating compressor |
| CN105024270A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-11-04 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Synchronization precise control method of ultra-short pulses in different angles at target point |
| CN105186278B (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2018-06-26 | 深圳大学 | The system of ultrashort pulse time precision synchronous that wide-angle intersects |
| CN105487320B (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2019-05-10 | 长春理工大学 | Array filament forming device and method of the femtosecond laser in transparent optical medium |
| CN105652355B (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2018-02-23 | 华东师范大学 | A kind of preparation method of the plasma grating based on pulse polarization rotation |
| CN109672072B (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2021-01-01 | 长春理工大学 | Device and method for generating femtosecond laser plasma channel array |
| CN111884026B (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2021-06-01 | 电子科技大学 | Ultrashort laser pulse light source system with high repetition frequency |
| CN112539847B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-06-28 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Large-caliber ultrashort pulse sampling device |
| CN113067243B (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2022-07-29 | 苏州曼德特光电技术有限公司 | Fiber laser and high-energy femtosecond pulse generation method |
| CN115181942B (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2024-04-02 | 重庆华谱科学仪器有限公司 | Plasma grating pulse laser deposition coating method |
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| US7184143B2 (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2007-02-27 | UNIVERSITé LAVAL | Method for remote sensing of pollutant molecules in a transparent medium using ultra-short intense lasers |
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