CN102540153A - Array amplitude and phase error correcting method based on interstation direct wave interference - Google Patents
Array amplitude and phase error correcting method based on interstation direct wave interference Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Disclosed is an array amplitude and phase error correcting method based on interstation direct wave interference. Certain conditions are required if a high-frequency ground wave radar needs to receive the interstation direct wave interference with high signal to interference and noise ratio at a base band, and the array amplitude and phase error correcting method includes steps of setting working parameters of the high-frequency ground wave radar according to the conditions; and determining features of interstation direct wave interference; and searching multiframe distance echo spectra according to the features, determining information of distance elements with the interstation direct wave interference, constructing interstation direct wave interference receiving snapshot data and correcting array amplitude and phase errors. The array amplitude and phase error correcting method based on the interstation direct wave interference has the advantages that the array amplitude and phase error correcting method can realize active correction without extra auxiliary information sources, has excellent accuracy and robustness, can realize correction by the aid of asynchronous interstation direct wave interference, is simple to be realized, is low in calculation quantity, can realize long-term stable operation, and greatly reduces development cost and maintenance cost for the radar while improving exploration performances.
Description
Technical field
The method that direct-wave jamming carries out the calibration of high-frequency ground wave radar array amplitude-phase consistency between station is utilized the present invention relates to a kind of.
Background technology
High-frequency ground wave radar uses MUSIC(Multiple Signal Classification)Ocean current DOA is carried out Deng super resolution algorithm(Direction of Arrival)Estimation, its general principle is that the single order marine echo Electromagnetic Scattering Theory proposed according to Barrick carries out Estimation of Spatial Spectrum extraction ocean current DOA information to the backscattering echo received.But this kind of super resolution algorithm is all based on certain signal model, only when model error is smaller, estimated result could accurately and stably, otherwise, and its performance is or even entirely ineffective by degradation.And in actual applications, it is difficult to realize preferably reception system, therefore model error is inevitable completely from hardware.For high-frequency ground wave radar, inconsistent each receiving channel magnitude-phase characteristics is to influence the key factor of MUSIC algorithm performances.Accordingly, it would be desirable to before ocean surface kinetic parameter inverting is carried out, be calibrated to the amplitude phase error of array.
Array calibration method has been broadly divided into source calibration and passive calibration.
In active calibration method, a known signal source is put to from array remote open area enough, transmission signal measures the amplitude and phase of each receiving channel output signal, deducts phase difference caused by array manifold position, you can obtain channel error information.This calibration method principle is simple, works well, is widely applied in practice.But the antenna array of high-frequency ground wave radar is nearer away from seawater, calibrated with auxiliary source, somewhat expensive and extremely inconvenience, it is difficult to long-term work.
In passive calibration methods, the signal source accurately known without direction directly utilizes the measured data and some prioris received(Such as array format)The disturbance parameter of the orientation of space information source and array is subjected to Combined estimator, orientation estimation can be completed simultaneously and is calibrated for error;In addition, passage element position and array element coupling error are equivalent to calibrate array disturbance parameter dependent on the amplitude phase error model in orientation by the amplitude phase error calibration method that orientation is relied on.Write in Wang Yongliang, Chen Hui etc.《Estimation of Spatial Spectrum theory and algorithm》(Publishing house of Tsing-Hua University 2004)The method is elaborated in one book.These methods need repeatedly complicated interative computation, and amount of calculation is very big, not necessarily meets requirement of real-time, and is possible to converge on local minimum, rather than global minimum, so as to obtain the result of mistake.
Wuhan University's wave propagation laboratory proposes the technology that list DOA spectrums in a kind of utilization marine echo click through row of channels calibration, this technology uses statistical method to a large amount of echo-signals, without complicated interative computation, amount of calculation is small, real-time, the Stability and veracity of passage calibration are improved, specific implementation details refer to No. 200610071360.6 Chinese invention patent applications " a kind of passive channel calibration method based on non-linear antenna array ".But the invention, for active calibration method, the Stability and veracity of its calibration result is still a bit weaker.
High-frequency ground wave radar typically uses FMICW(Frequency modulated interrupted continuous wave, abridge FMICW)System.Entitled " high-frequency ground wave radar target detection and tracking " that Rafaat Khan et al. are delivered(Target Detection and Tracking With a High Frequency Ground Wave Radar,IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering,1994,19(4):540~548)Paper in this is had a detailed description.Under FMICW waveform systems, marine echo(Including direct-wave jamming between sea clutter and station)Into after receiver, through mixing, LPF, A/D conversion and FFT can obtain as shown in Figure 2 apart from echo spectrum.As shown in figure 1, the local oscillation signal that A stations are produced is stood by A and launched, the local oscillation signal that B stations are produced is stood by B to be launched, A station transmission signals and B stations transmission signal(Reflected thing reflection)Stand and receive in B, B stations receive signal and obtained by mixing, LPF, A/D conversions and FFT apart from echo spectrum.Shown in Fig. 2 in echo spectrum, abscissa is distance element, and ordinate is power(Unit is dB), which show direct-wave jamming between station.
For the situation of prior art, a kind of effective scheme of high-frequency ground wave radar array amplitude-phase consistency calibration is proposed, is the great difficult problem that the art is badly in need of solving.
The content of the invention
For the limitation of existing method, the purpose of the present invention is simple there is provided a kind of implementation method using direct-wave jamming between station, and with low cost, operand is small, the accurate and stable array amplitude-phase consistency calibration method of calibration result.
The technical scheme is that a kind of array amplitude phase error calibration method based on direct-wave jamming between station, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the condition setting running parameter produced according to direct-wave jamming between station, produces direct-wave jamming between station;
Step 2, the feature of direct-wave jamming between station is determined according to step 1 gained running parameter;
Step 3, using step 2 determine station between the feature of direct-wave jamming the multiframe of reception is searched for frame by frame apart from echo spectrum, it is determined that between standing where direct-wave jamming apart from metamessage;
Step 4, snapshot data is received according to step 3 gained distance element information structuring, carries out array amplitude phase error calibration.
Moreover, the condition that direct-wave jamming is produced between being stood described in step 1 is as follows,
1) ;
Wherein,,,,,For the frequency sweep slope at the station of A, B two,For the initial frequency at the station of A, B two,For the pulse period,For pulse frequency,For frequency sweep cycle,Radar start time difference and satisfaction for the station of A, B two,For the propagation time of direct-wave jamming between station,For direct wave propagation delay frequency difference between station,For constant;CoefficientAnd coefficientIt is the condition that meets 1)And two minimum natural numbers of value;Coefficient,Expression is rounded.
Moreover, the feature of direct-wave jamming is as follows between being stood described in step 2,
1)There is a direct-wave jamming between two stations at each station, two stand between the frequency of direct-wave jamming be respectivelyWith, wherein,, and,For pulse frequency;If, then direct-wave jamming is all present between two stations;If, whenWhen only one of which station between direct-wave jamming exist, direct-wave jamming is filtered out between another station, whenWhen two station between direct-wave jamming all exist;If, then direct-wave jamming between a station is only existed;WhereinFor the bandwidth of baseband filter;
2)Direct-wave jamming is on direct wave propagation delay frequency difference between station between the station at two stationsSymmetrically;
3)Under the conditions of asynchronous, direct-wave jamming change over time between the station at two stations and gradually move, and between the station at two stations direct-wave jamming move it is in opposite direction, speed is identical;
4)Under the conditions of asynchronous, direct-wave jamming is at a time met the direct wave propagation delay frequency difference between station between the station at two stationsPlace.
Moreover, set the station of A, B two, determined using A stations as main website, described in step 3 between station where direct-wave jamming apart from metamessage when, A stations perform following steps,
WhenWhen, search for frame by frameIn the range of apartAnd it is dry to make an uproar than more than the default dry spectral peak made an uproar than threshold value PG, and the position of spectral peak is recorded, obtain data, wherein;From dataMiddle one group data of the selection with gradual change feature are designated as apart from metamessage, terminate flow;
WhenWhen, search for frame by frameWithIn the range of apartAnd it is dry to make an uproar than more than the default dry spectral peak made an uproar than threshold value PG, searching for frame by frameIn the range of it is dry make an uproar than more than the default dry spectral peak made an uproar than threshold value PG, and record the position of spectral peak, obtain data;Into step 3.3;
WhenWhen, search for frame by frameIn the range of it is dry make an uproar than more than the default dry spectral peak made an uproar than threshold value PG, and record the position of spectral peak, obtain data;Into step 3.3;
Step 3.3, the data that spectrum peak position is recorded in same time period are read at B stations, dataStep 3.1 is performed by B stations and step 3.2 is obtained;
Step 3.4, data are comparedAnd data, from dataIn select on direct wave propagation delay frequency difference between stationSymmetrical and with gradual change feature data are designated as apart from metamessage, from dataIn select on direct wave propagation delay frequency difference between stationSymmetrical and with gradual change feature data are designated as apart from metamessage, apart from metamessageIt is sent to B stations.
Moreover, it is as follows according to distance element information structuring reception snapshot data described in step 4,
Receive snapshot data,
WhereinFor frame number,ForiIndividual passagekDirect-wave jamming between the station that frame is received,NFor channel number.
Advantage of the invention is that:Extra auxiliary information source is not needed to can be achieved with source calibration, with good precision and robustness;It is adjustable using direct-wave jamming between asynchronous station, implementation method is simple;Operand is small;Can long-term stable operation;While detection performance is improved, the development cost and maintenance cost of radar are significantly reduced.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is high-frequency ground wave radar fundamental diagram;
Fig. 2 is high-frequency ground wave radar apart from echo spectrogram;
Fig. 3 is the FMICW waveform diagrams of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is where direct-wave jamming between the station of the embodiment of the present invention apart from metamessage schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is that the embodiment of the present invention determines the flow chart where direct-wave jamming apart from metamessage between standing.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.The array amplitude phase error calibration method that the embodiment of the present invention provides high-frequency ground wave radar is as follows:
The key of the present invention is the condition setting running parameter produced according to direct-wave jamming between station, then multiframe is searched for frame by frame apart from echo spectrum according to the feature of direct-wave jamming between station, it is determined that the direct-wave jamming between metamessage, build station between station where direct-wave jamming receives snapshot data.
Assuming that there is two high-frequency ground wave radar stations, the distance between A stations and B stations are, respectively have a high-frequency ground wave radar, using FMICW waveform systems, the initial frequency of A stations radar is, swept bandwidth is, B station radar initial frequency be, swept bandwidth is, A stand radar than B station radar shift to an earlier date()Time starts, and remaining running parameter is all identical, and the wherein frequency sweep time is, frequency sweep cycle is, the pulse period is, pulse width is, baseband filter band is a width of, as shown in figure 3, Fig. 3 abscissa is the time。
The output frequency of direct-wave jamming after mixed is between the station that B stations are received
Wherein coefficient,For positive integer,For pulse period corresponding pulse frequency,For mixer combination frequency interferences exponent number,Value is bigger, and the loss of direct-wave jamming is bigger between standing, in order that direct-wave jamming has stronger dry make an uproar than and for constant at base band between station, it is necessary to meet,(Constant S size is determined by radar system and distance between sites)Requirement.
Order,, (Direct wave propagation delay frequency difference between standing),,(1)Formula can be written as
Because, so(1)Only one of which expression formula may be met in two expression formulas of formula,Requirement.
The output frequency of direct-wave jamming after mixed is between the station that A stations are received can similarly be obtained
(3)
By(2)Formula and(3)Knowable to formula, whenWhen,, due toVery little, under normal circumstances, so direct-wave jamming is also met between the station that A stations are received,Requirement.
In summary, be in base bandPlace produce be more than it is certain it is dry make an uproar than station between the condition of direct-wave jamming be:1);2);3),.Wherein。For the frequency sweep slope at the station of A, B two,For the initial frequency at the station of A, B two,For the pulse period,For pulse frequency,For frequency sweep cycle,Radar start time difference and satisfaction for the station of A, B two,For the propagation time of direct-wave jamming between station,For direct wave propagation delay frequency difference between station,For constant.The probability of direct-wave jamming appearance is between now standing.CoefficientAnd coefficientIt is to meetAnd two minimum natural numbers of value;CoefficientAnd, i.e.,,Expression is rounded.
Step 1, the condition setting running parameter produced according to direct-wave jamming between above-mentioned station, produces direct-wave jamming between station.The running parameter of required setting includes the frequency sweep slope at the station of A, B two, the initial frequency at the station of A, B two.Because the probability that direct-wave jamming occurs between standing isRunning parameter can be arranged as required to during specific implementation, then start radar system, direct-wave jamming between standing whether is produced by design software procedure judges, radar system direct-wave jamming between producing station is restarted if direct-wave jamming between not producing station.
Step 2, the feature of direct-wave jamming between station is determined according to step 1 gained running parameter.
In embodiment, direct-wave jamming has following feature between the station of reception:
1)There is a direct-wave jamming between two stations at each station, two stand between the frequency of direct-wave jamming be respectivelyWith, wherein,, and,For pulse frequency;If, then direct-wave jamming is all present between two stations;If, whenWhen only one of which station between direct-wave jamming exist, direct-wave jamming is filtered out between another station, whenWhen two station between direct-wave jamming all exist;If, then direct-wave jamming between a station is only existed;WhereinFor the bandwidth of baseband filter;
2)Direct-wave jamming is on direct wave propagation delay frequency difference between station between the station at two stationsSymmetrically;
3)Under the conditions of asynchronous, direct-wave jamming change over time between the station at two stations and gradually move, and between the station at two stations direct-wave jamming move it is in opposite direction, speed is identical;
4)Under the conditions of asynchronous, direct-wave jamming is at a time met the direct wave propagation delay frequency difference between station between the station at two stationsPlace.
Step 3, using step 2 determine station between the feature of direct-wave jamming the multiframe of reception is searched for frame by frame apart from echo spectrum, it is determined that between standing where direct-wave jamming apart from metamessage.
Multiframe echo distance spectrum is scanned for according to the feature of direct-wave jamming between station, apart from metamessage where direct-wave jamming between the two station stations presented as shown in Figure 4, wherein abscissa is the time(Unit is hour, h), ordinate is distance element, where the direct-wave jamming between metamessage and B stations station between the station of search gained A stations where direct-wave jamming apart from metamessage be in symmetrical structure.According to determine between station where direct-wave jamming apart from metamessage, construction reception snapshot data.If the station of A, B two, using A stations as main website.Obtained in such as Fig. 5, embodiment apart from metamessageDetailed process be, by A station perform following steps:
WhenWhen, search for frame by frameIn the range of apartAnd it is dry to make an uproar than more than the default dry spectral peak made an uproar than threshold value PG, and the position of spectral peak is recorded, obtain data, wherein;From dataMiddle selection has gradual change feature(It is in slow consecutive variations)One group of data be designated as apart from metamessage, terminate flow;
WhenWhen, search for frame by frameWithIn the range of apartAnd it is dry to make an uproar than more than the default dry spectral peak made an uproar than threshold value PG, searching for frame by frameIn the range of it is dry make an uproar than more than the default dry spectral peak made an uproar than threshold value PG, and record the position of spectral peak, obtain data;Into step 3.3;
WhenWhen, search for frame by frameIn the range of it is dry make an uproar than more than the default dry spectral peak made an uproar than threshold value PG, and record the position of spectral peak, obtain data;Into step 3.3;
Step 3.3, the data that spectrum peak position is recorded in same time period are read at B stations, dataObtained by B stations according to the same manner, that is, perform step 3.1 and step 3.2, data are designated as obtained by simply recording the position of spectral peak;
Step 3.4, data are comparedAnd data, from dataIn select on direct wave propagation delay frequency difference between stationSymmetrical and with gradual change feature data are designated as apart from metamessage, from dataIn select on direct wave propagation delay frequency difference between stationSymmetrical and with gradual change feature data are designated as apart from metamessage, apart from metamessageIt is sent to B stations.B stations directly can be used apart from metamessagez ’(k) voluntarily build reception snapshot data, array amplitude phase error calibration is carried out, concrete mode is consistent with A stations.
During specific implementation, preset dry make an uproar and empirical value can be preset according to experiment than threshold value PG.
Step 4, snapshot data is received according to step 3 gained distance element information structuring, carries out array amplitude phase error calibration.
General each radar station has a receiving array, and each receiving array has multiple receiving channels.Apart from metamessageRepresent thekPosition between frame station where direct-wave jamming, according to apart from metamessageThe reception snapshot data of constructionIt is as follows:
WhereinFor frame number,ForkPosition between frame station where direct-wave jamming,ForiIndividual passagekDirect-wave jamming between the station that frame is received,NFor channel number.B stations are using apart from metamessageBring above formula into.
According to existing estimate covariance Matrix FormulaObtain estimate covariance matrix(WhereinRepresent conjugate transposition), to estimate covariance matrixCarry out feature decomposition and obtain characteristic vector;Finally according to existing array amplitude phase error value formulaObtain array amplitude phase error value, realize that array amplitude phase error is calibrated according to array amplitude phase error value.
Wherein:
Wherein,For the fast umber of beats for estimate covariance matrix(The number of arrayed data sampling in a period of time),For the orientation of direct-wave jamming between station,For complex constant,For steering vector,For array amplitude phase error matrix.Represent that 1 column vector is converted to diagonal matrix.It is characteristic vector'sNIndividual element,It is steering vector'sNIndividual element,It is array amplitude phase error matrixDiagonal onNIndividual element, these elements respectively withNIndividual passage correspondence.
Although the array amplitude-phase consistency calibration method that the present invention is described obtains success on high-frequency ground wave radar first, in essence, this method is also possible to the detection system applied to other use FMICW waveform systems.Specific embodiment described herein is only to spirit explanation for example of the invention.Those skilled in the art can be made various modifications or supplement to described specific embodiment or be substituted using similar mode, but without departing from spirit of the invention or surmount scope defined in appended claims.Direct-wave jamming is that calibration can be achieved between technical scheme utilizes asynchronous station, can similarly be calibrated simultaneously for direct-wave jamming between synchronous station, and implement simpler.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of array amplitude phase error calibration method based on direct-wave jamming between station, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1, the condition setting running parameter produced according to direct-wave jamming between station, produces direct-wave jamming between station;
Step 2, the feature of direct-wave jamming between station is determined according to step 1 gained running parameter;
Step 3, using step 2 determine station between the feature of direct-wave jamming the multiframe of reception is searched for frame by frame apart from echo spectrum, it is determined that between standing where direct-wave jamming apart from metamessage;
Step 4, snapshot data is received according to step 3 gained distance element information structuring, carries out array amplitude phase error calibration.
2. the array amplitude phase error calibration method according to claim 1 based on direct-wave jamming between station, it is characterised in that:The condition that direct-wave jamming is produced between being stood described in step 1 is as follows,
1) ;
Wherein,,,,,For the frequency sweep slope at the station of A, B two,For the initial frequency at the station of A, B two,For the pulse period,For pulse frequency,For frequency sweep cycle,Radar start time difference and satisfaction for the station of A, B two,For the propagation time of direct-wave jamming between station,For direct wave propagation delay frequency difference between station,For constant;CoefficientAnd coefficientIt is the condition that meets 1)And two minimum natural numbers of value;Coefficient,Expression is rounded.
3. the array amplitude phase error calibration method according to claim 2 based on direct-wave jamming between station, it is characterised in that:The feature of direct-wave jamming is as follows between being stood described in step 2,
1)There is a direct-wave jamming between two stations at each station, two stand between the frequency of direct-wave jamming be respectivelyWith, wherein,, and,For pulse frequency;If, then direct-wave jamming is all present between two stations;If, whenWhen only one of which station between direct-wave jamming exist, direct-wave jamming is filtered out between another station, whenWhen two station between direct-wave jamming all exist;If, then direct-wave jamming between a station is only existed;WhereinFor the bandwidth of baseband filter;
2)Direct-wave jamming is on direct wave propagation delay frequency difference between station between the station at two stationsSymmetrically;
3)Under the conditions of asynchronous, direct-wave jamming change over time between the station at two stations and gradually move, and between the station at two stations direct-wave jamming move it is in opposite direction, speed is identical;
4. the array amplitude phase error calibration method according to claim 1 based on direct-wave jamming between station, it is characterised in that:If the station of A, B two, determined using A stations as main website, described in step 3 between station where direct-wave jamming apart from metamessage when, A stations perform following steps,
WhenWhen, search for frame by frameIn the range of apartAnd it is dry to make an uproar than more than the default dry spectral peak made an uproar than threshold value PG, and the position of spectral peak is recorded, obtain data, wherein;From dataMiddle one group data of the selection with gradual change feature are designated as apart from metamessage, terminate flow;
WhenWhen, search for frame by frameWithIn the range of apartAnd it is dry to make an uproar than more than the default dry spectral peak made an uproar than threshold value PG, searching for frame by frameIn the range of it is dry make an uproar than more than the default dry spectral peak made an uproar than threshold value PG, and record the position of spectral peak, obtain data;Into step 3.3;
WhenWhen, search for frame by frameIn the range of it is dry make an uproar than more than the default dry spectral peak made an uproar than threshold value PG, and record the position of spectral peak, obtain data;Into step 3.3;
Step 3.3, the data that spectrum peak position is recorded in same time period are read at B stations, dataStep 3.1 is performed by B stations and step 3.2 is obtained;
Step 3.4, data are comparedAnd data, from dataIn select on direct wave propagation delay frequency difference between stationSymmetrical and with gradual change feature data are designated as apart from metamessage, from dataIn select on direct wave propagation delay frequency difference between stationSymmetrical and with gradual change feature data are designated as apart from metamessage, apart from metamessageIt is sent to B stations.
5. the array amplitude phase error calibration method according to claim 4 based on direct-wave jamming between station, it is characterised in that:It is as follows according to distance element information structuring reception snapshot data described in step 4,
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CN107643514A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-01-30 | 武汉大学 | A kind of array calibration method of buoy base/shipborne radar based on direct wave |
CN107643514B (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2019-12-10 | 武汉大学 | array calibration method of buoy-based/shipborne radar based on direct wave |
CN108051772A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-05-18 | 西南电子技术研究所(中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所) | Width be combined measurement incoming wave azimuth information method |
CN108051772B (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2021-12-07 | 西南电子技术研究所(中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所) | Amplitude-phase combined method for measuring incoming wave azimuth information |
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