Heating furnace
Technical field
The present invention relates to Equipment for Heating Processing, specifically is a kind of heating furnace that forging or foundry goods etc. is heat-treated.
Background technology
At present red towards technology (being actually a kind of hot extrusion technique) in the haberdashery and hardware commercial production; Obtained using widely; Like the various valves in the pipeline handware that dashes with copper red, pipe connecting piece, nut etc.; With its quality-advantage, substituted the product of always producing in the past with die casting or casting.Redly need heat workpiece earlier before dashing operation in that workpiece is carried out, much be used for the pot arch that heats to these workpiece so have on the market.But the process equipment on the present market, like intermediate frequency furnace, it has the big defective of power consumption, more than every 100KW; Perhaps present maximum native stove of usefulness, right native stove pollutes big, and heating effect is low; Be unfavorable for promoting the production scale of enterprise, in addition, in the prior art; When some smallclothes are heated, all manually one by one workpiece is put in the heating furnace or once a plurality of workpiece is put in the heating furnace together and heat, working strength of workers is bigger; Production cost is higher, and automaticity is low, is inappropriate for the batch process of product.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is, provides a kind of and helps improving heat treatment of workpieces efficient, reduces labor strength, reduces production costs, and automaticity is high, is suitable for workpiece is carried out the heating furnace of heating in batches.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above; Technical scheme provided by the invention is: a kind of heating furnace, and it comprises frame, described frame is provided with heating clamber; Frame is provided with adding material device and is used for workpiece to be processed is delivered to the conveyer in the heating clamber; The discharging opening of adding material device is communicated with conveyer, and conveyer is communicated with heating clamber, and the afterbody of heating clamber is provided with discharging opening.
After adopting said structure, the present invention has following advantage: for heating clamber has disposed special-purpose auxiliary equipment, on the conveyer that automatically workpiece to be processed is added through adding material device; By conveyer workpiece is transported in the heating clamber and heats, heating is seen workpiece off after accomplishing from discharging opening, and whole heating process automaticity is high; Greatly reduced working strength of workers; Significantly improved the efficiency of heating surface of workpiece, be suitable for large batch of production, helped reducing production costs.
Preferable; Described conveyer comprises transfer passage, feeding distribution mechanism, heating track and delivery device; Transfer passage is used for receiving the workpiece to be processed of adding material device, and the end that feeding distribution mechanism is positioned at transfer passage is pushed to workpiece on the heating track, the side joint that the heating track the is positioned at feeding distribution mechanism part of knocking off; It is interior until the discharging opening place that the front end of heating track extends to heating clamber, and delivery device is positioned at the end of heating track.Transfer passage is used to receive the workpiece that adding material device is sent here; And workpiece is delivered to the heating track, and the effect of powder mechanism is neat being arranged on the heating track of workpiece that transfer passage is sent here, avoids workpiece on the heating track, to pile up; Make in good order being aligned on the heating track of workpiece; The band workpiece is pushed it in heating clamber by delivery device after being transported on the heating track, after the heating of band workpiece is accomplished; Still have delivery device to be responsible for it is released from the discharging opening of heating clamber, so far can accomplish cooperation between each step in the whole process of heating of workpiece smooth and easy and structural design is ingenious, reasonable.
Concrete, described feeding distribution mechanism comprises sub-material platform, the cutting plate that docks with transfer passage and decides flitch, and the cutting plate sliding fit is arranged on the sub-material platform, decides flitch and is positioned at the dead ahead of transfer passage and is fixedly mounted on the sub-material platform.The sub-material structure is according to the interpolation speed of workpiece in the required time control heating track of workpiece heating completion.
Concrete; Described heating track is two grooves and a side that is arranged in parallel in feeding distribution mechanism; Article two, pushing block of each sliding fit in the heating track; The upper surface of pushing block is plane and parallel with the port of groove, and each is connected each pushing block with a propelling movement cylinder, and two push cylinders and drive the back and forth alternately ejection in heating track separately of two pushing blocks.Adopt two-orbit can further improve the efficiency of heating surface, certainly, the quantity of track also can be according to the actual requirements and other factors increase and decrease.
Preferable, described transfer passage also is provided with the workpiece screening plant.The workpiece that is added on the transfer passage by adding material device all is in disorder usually, can carry out smoothly for making subsequent step, needs in disorder workpiece is rejected, and helps workpiece transition between each operation smoothly in whole transportation process like this.
Concrete; Described workpiece screening plant comprises support arm, support, screening roller bearing, motor; The screening roller bearing is provided with many fins as blade, and support also can move up and down through vertical screw mandrel governor motion and support arm sliding fit, but motor is installed on the support and move left and right through the cross lead screw governor motion; Free to rotate being installed on the support arm of screening roller bearing, the screening roller bearing is connected with motor through driving-belt.The principle of screening plant is the rotation through the screening roller bearing; Fin on it can be wiped the workpiece of not arranging in order off; And the effect of governor motion wherein is the position according to the size adjusting screening roller bearing of different workpieces; Reached and can in disorder workpiece have been wiped off, can avoid again wiping off putting neat workpiece.
Preferable, described adding material device comprises hopper and docks the lowering or hoisting gear that receives workpiece with the discharging opening of hopper that this lowering or hoisting gear rises after rebound is communicated with transfer passage; The bottom of described hopper also is provided with and drives the ejection cylinder that hopper goes up and down.Through the automatic interpolation of lowering or hoisting gear realization workpiece to be processed, both time saving and energy saving, the continuity that can guarantee to add material again; And hopper also can move up and down, because hopper makes when operate as normal and need certain altitude, therefore; When the workpiece in the hopper is transferred when being over, through cylinder hopper is put into lower and feeds in raw material, wait in the hopper and fill it up with after the workpiece again; By cylinder the hopper ejection is risen again, comparatively laborsaving to the feed supplement of hopper.
Concrete, described lowering or hoisting gear comprises lift cylinder, at least one scraping wings and scraping wings guide housing; Scraping wings is fixedly connected with piston rod free end on the lift cylinder, and the backboard of scraping wings and scraping wings guide housing is close to and is slidingly matched with the both sides of scraping wings guide housing.Scraping wings rises from the bottom of hopper is being with workpiece to rise; This kind mode helps some in disorder workpiece and in the process that rises, is shed in the hopper; Improve the regularity of workpiece in adding transfer passage to, and, because the workpiece heating needs the regular hour; Therefore need not continue to add material, being interrupted up-down and can satisfying the lasting conveying of transfer passage through scraping wings to workpiece.
Preferable; Said scraping wings has three; Three scraping wings in the vertical directions are stepped from low to high is close to arrangement; Also be provided with a fixed head between per two adjacent scraping wings, fixed head is fixedly connected with the scraping wings guide housing, every scraping wings all with lift cylinder on the piston rod free end be fixedly connected; The inclined-plane to the internal fixation plate lopsidedness is formed in the upper surface of scraping wings and the upper surface of fixed head.According to actual conditions; Three ladders of three scraping wings formation straggly; The temperature gap that adds that makes full use of workpiece sorts to workpiece; Workpiece will so just can guarantee to be transported at last the interior workpiece of transfer passage and arrange in order through the conversion between three ladders in being transported to transfer passage before basically, and regularity is better.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of heating furnace of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of another angle of heating furnace of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is partial structurtes sketch map in the heating furnace of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the partial structurtes sketch map of another angle in the heating furnace of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of screening plant in the heating furnace of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of another angle of screening plant in the heating furnace of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of screening roller bearing in the heating furnace of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the structural scheme of mechanism of heating furnace lowering or hoisting gear of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the structural scheme of mechanism of another angle of heating furnace lowering or hoisting gear of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of hopper in the heating furnace of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done further detailed description.
Like accompanying drawing 1, shown in Figure 2, a kind of heating furnace, it comprises frame 1, described frame 1 is provided with heating clamber 2.
Among the present invention, frame 1 is provided with adding material device and is used for workpiece to be processed is delivered to the conveyer in the heating clamber 2, and the discharging opening of adding material device is communicated with conveyer, and conveyer is communicated with heating clamber 2, and the afterbody of heating clamber 2 is provided with discharging opening 3.Job step is, by adding material device workpiece to be processed added in the conveyer earlier, by conveyer workpiece is transported in the heating clamber 2 again and heats, and heating is seen workpiece off after accomplishing from the discharging opening 3 of heating clamber 2.
The concrete structure of above-mentioned part is following:
Conveyer comprises transfer passage 4, feeding distribution mechanism 5, heating track 6 and delivery device 7; Transfer passage 4 is used for receiving the workpiece to be processed of adding material device; The end that feeding distribution mechanism 5 is positioned at transfer passage 4 is pushed to workpiece on the heating track 6; The side joint that heating track 6 is positioned at feeding distribution mechanism 5 part of knocking off, the front end of heating track 6 extend in the heating clamber 2 until discharging opening 3 places, and delivery device 7 is positioned at the end of heating track 6.
Like Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4; Wherein, Feeding distribution mechanism 5 comprises sub-material platform 5.1, the cutting plate 5.2 that docks with transfer passage 4 and decides flitch 5.3; Cutting plate 5.2 drives sliding fits by sub-material cylinder 5.5 and is arranged on the sub-material platform 5.1, decides flitch 5.3 and is positioned at the dead ahead of transfer passage 4 and is fixedly mounted on the sub-material platform 5.1.When transfer passage 4 is transported to workpiece on the sub-material platform 5.1, a workpiece foremost at first arrives sub-material platform 5.1 and in transfer passage 4, breaks away from, and decides the front end that flitch 5.3 props up unit one this moment; It is firmly fixed, then, cutting plate 5.2 reaches; Raised line on it just can be shifted this unit one in the heating track 6 onto; And this raised line 5.4 also plays the effect of blocking second workpiece, treat that cutting plate 5.2 returns after; Second workpiece just is transported on the sub-material platform at random, repeats above-mentioned action.
After treating that workpiece is shifted onto in the heating track 6 by cutting plate 5.2; Be responsible for it is sent in the heating clamber 2 by delivery device 7, wherein, delivery device 7 comprises pushing block 7.1 and pushes cylinder 7.2; Pushing block 7.1 sliding fits are in heating track 6, and pushing block 7.1 is connected with the push rod that pushes cylinder 7.2.Workpiece alternately is pulled in the heating track 6; Pushing cylinder 7.2 reciprocal alternately ejections can progressively send into workpiece in the heating clamber 2; The mode of replace like this, progressively sending into had both helped neat the pushing in the heating track 2 of workpiece, helped also guaranteeing that workpiece has enough time of staying to realize that heating fully in heating clamber 2.
For improving the efficiency of heating surface of workpiece; Heating track 6 can have many, is example with two in this example, and heating track 6 is set to two V-type grooves and is arranged in parallel in a side of feeding distribution mechanism 5; Like this; In two heating tracks 6, just need pushing block 7.1 of each sliding fit, pushing block 7.1 also need be a V-structure, and the upper surface of pushing block 7.1 will be plane and parallel with the port and the sub-material platform 5.1 of V-type groove; Each pushing block 7.1 respectively is connected with a propelling movement cylinder 7.2, and two push two pushing blocks 7.1 of cylinders 7.2 drives and in heating track 6 separately, back and forth replace ejection.Because each cutting plate 5.2 can only push a workpiece, at every turn can only be toward pusher in the V-type groove, therefore; In one of them V-type groove during pusher, the V-type groove is blocked in the position that will push away before the pushing block 7.2 in another adjacent V-type groove will be at cutting plate 5.2; Force workpiece can only fall in another V-type groove; And the push pedal 7.2 upper surfaces purpose parallel with the V-type groove is, when needs pushed workpiece in the V-type groove of (will be more being called the inboard near the V-type groove of sub-material platform 5.1) of the outside, the pushing block 7.1 in the inboard V-type groove just was in forward position and cooperates the composition plane with sub-material platform 5.1; Make workpiece can cross inboard V-type groove smoothly; Arrive in the V-type groove in the outside, then, push away before the pushing block 7.1 in the outside; Inboard pushing block 7.1 is retreated, and has accomplished inboard and two the V-type grooves in the outside like this and has alternately added material.
Because it is not proper alignment fully in order that adding material device is transported to workpiece in the transfer passage 4, workpiece that need those are in disorder is rejected, and therefore, transfer passage 4 also is provided with workpiece screening plant 8.
Like Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, concrete, workpiece screening plant 8 comprises support arm 8.1, support 8.2, screening roller bearing 8.3, motor 8.4; Screening roller bearing 8.3 is provided with many fins 8.5 as blade, 8.3 free to rotate being installed on the support arm 8.1 of screening roller bearing, and principle is; Utilize the rotation of screening roller bearing 8.3, the fin 8.5 on it also and then rotates, and is example with the cylindrical workpiece; Should the lay flat on one's back arrangement of workpiece on transfer passage 4 just belongs in disorder workpiece as the work piece vertically time-out, the putting position of in disorder workpiece with and shared space just different with all the other neat workpiece; According to this, the position of adjustment screening roller bearing 8.3 is in soon and neat workpiece position contacting the fin 8.5 that rotates it on just, like this; In disorder workpiece will be run into and then it is released transfer passage 4, therefore when being delivered to screening roller bearing 8.3 by fin 8.5; Here just need establish the passage that connects material in addition, be used for making disallowable in disorder workpiece to fall in the hopper.For realizing adjustment to screening roller bearing 8.3; Support 8.2 is through vertically screw mandrel governor motion and support arm 8.1 sliding fits also can move up and down; Be that vertical screw mandrel 8.6 vertically is installed on the support 8.2; Support arm 8.1 is provided with nut, through the cooperate up-down adjustment that realize support arm 8.1 of vertical screw mandrel 8.6 with nut; But motor 8.4 is installed on the support 8.2 and move left and right through the cross lead screw governor motion; Be also to be provided with cross lead screw 8.7 and nut between base and the support 8.2 of motor 8.4; Move through cross lead screw 8.7 drive motors 8.4; The principle of the screw mandrel governor motion that relates to here and structure are all comparatively simple, belong to conventional design, no longer do too much description.At last, screening roller bearing 8.3 is connected with motor 8.4 through the driving-belt (not shown), and support arm 8.1 is installed on the frame 1 and gets final product.
Adding material device comprises hopper 9 and docks the lowering or hoisting gear 10 that receives workpiece with the discharging opening of hopper 9 that this lowering or hoisting gear 10 rises after rebound 11 is communicated with transfer passage 4; Shown in figure 10; For ease of hopper 9 is carried out feed supplement; Also be provided with the ejection cylinder 12 that drives hopper 9 up-downs in the bottom of interior hopper 9; Ejection cylinder 12 is 4, is separately positioned on four corners of hopper 9, and the free end of four ejection cylinder 12 piston rods is fixedly connected with the lower surface of hopper 9 respectively.The automatic landing of workpiece in the hopper 9 is to lowering or hoisting gear 10, and rebound 11 is convenient to the landing of workpiece toward the lopsidedness certain angle of transfer passages 4, by lowering or hoisting gear 10 workpiece is boosted.Like Fig. 8, shown in Figure 9, concrete, lowering or hoisting gear 10 comprises lift cylinder 10.1, at least one scraping wings 10.2 and scraping wings guide housing 10.3; Scraping wings 10.2 is fixedly connected with piston rod free end on the lift cylinder 10.1, and scraping wings 10.2 is close to the backboard of scraping wings guide housing 10.3 and is slidingly matched with the both sides of scraping wings guide housing 10.3.
As preferred version; Said scraping wings 10.2 has three; Three scraping wings 10.2 in the vertical directions are stepped from low to high is close to arrangement; Also be provided with a fixed head 10.4 between per two adjacent scraping wings 10.2, fixed head 10.4 is fixedly connected with scraping wings guide housing 10.3, every scraping wings 10.2 all with lift cylinder 10.1 on the piston rod free end be fixedly connected; The inclined-plane to internal fixation plate 10.4 lopsidedness is formed in the upper surface of the upper surface of scraping wings 10.2 and fixed head 10.4.
The automatic pusher that the present invention relates to is when initial conditions, and first scraping wings (highly minimum scraping wings) is in extreme lower position, and ramp structure is taked in the bottom of the hopper 9 in this example; Workpiece can slide toward a direction automatically; Side at hopper 9 is provided with breach, like this, pushes away first flitch and just can smoothly dock with the inclined-plane of hopper 9; This moment, hopper 9 interior workpiece were rolled on first scraping wings; First scraping wings upwards rises to the position of docking with first fixed head under the drive of lift cylinder then, and this moment, first scraping wings raise position workpiece on it, and rolled to first fixed head.Next lift cylinder withdrawal; First scraping wings got back to the position of smoothly docking with the inclined-plane of hopper 9 downwards; New workpiece continues to be rolled on first scraping wings, is positioned at first workpiece on the fixed head simultaneously and continues to roll to second scraping wings (up-down of each scraping wings is synchronous), when lift cylinder boosts scraping wings once more; Second scraping wings just can be shifted the workpiece on first fixed head on second fixed head onto; Reciprocal thus, the 3rd scraping wings just can with workpiece boost to rebound so that landing to transfer passage 4 in, thereby accomplish the feeding process smoothly.
For realizing controlling hopper 9 feed supplements rise height afterwards automatically, can also be provided for detecting the sensor whether hopper 9 reaches setting height, sensor is electrically connected with the control system of ejection cylinder 12, and sensor 10 adopts travel switches.During practical implementation, travel switch can be installed on the frame 1, and the test side of travel switch is positioned at the maximum height place that hopper 9 can rise to.