CN102537265A - Mechanical intelligent self-adaption two-gear automatic speed change driving assembly - Google Patents
Mechanical intelligent self-adaption two-gear automatic speed change driving assembly Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mechanical intelligent self-adaption two-gear automatic speed change driving assembly, which comprises a power device, a speed changer box body, a transmission shaft, a slow-gear transmission mechanism, a ring-body axial outer conical sleeve and a ring-body axial inner conical sleeve. The ring-body axial outer conical sleeve is sleeved on the transmission shaft and transmits through a spiral cam pair, and the transmission shaft can directly outputs power through a differential mechanism. The mechanical intelligent self-adaption two-gear automatic speed change driving assembly has all advantages of an existing cam self-adaption two-gear automatic speed change device. Furthermore, a transmission structure of the spiral cam pair is utilized, thereby reducing radial size of mechanisms, reducing volume and greatly prolonging service life. The spiral structure is stable in transmission, even in force, excellent in stability and smoothness, and further capable of improving work efficiency and good in effects on saving energy and reducing consumption. Vehicle emission is greatly controlled. The mechanical intelligent self-adaption two-gear automatic speed change driving assembly is suitable for pure electric cars and tricycles, and greatly improves power performance, economy, driving safety and comfortableness.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Motor Vehicle and drive assembly, particularly a kind of mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed drives assembly.
Background technique
In the existing technology; Tricycle or automobile all are directly to control closure or Current Control speed through manual or accelerator pedal basically; The operation of driver is depended in the operation of handle or accelerator pedal fully; Usually can cause operation and garage's situation not to match, the stall phenomenon appears in causes motor or motor fluctuation of service.
Motor Vehicle by rider under the situation of not knowing running resistance; The speed change gear that only rule of thumb controls; Have following problem unavoidably: 1. when startup, upward slope and heavy load, because running resistance increases, force motor or engine speed to descend in the work of poor efficiency district.2. owing to do not have mechanical transmission adjustment moment of torsion and speed, can only promote the use of, can not satisfy under mountain area, hills and the heavy load conditions and use, dwindle using scope in the plains region; 3. driving wheel place installing space is little, has installed to be difficult to hold automatic transmission and other new technology behind motor or the motor again; 4. do not possess adaptive function, can not detect, revise and get rid of driver's error in operation automatically; 5. change when unexpected in the speed of a motor vehicle, must cause motor or engine power and running resistance to be difficult to coupling.6. continuing, distance is short, grade ability is poor, and accommodation is little.
Particularly the problems referred to above cause the power consumption of pure electro-tricycle or electric vehicle bigger, and charging back operating range is not ideal enough.
In order to overcome the above problems; The application inventor has invented a series of cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device; Utilize the running resistance driving cam, reach automaitc shfit and, have effect preferably according to the purpose of running resistance Adaptive matching speed of a motor vehicle output torque; Though aforesaid cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device has above-mentioned advantage, stability and high efficiency improve a lot than existing technology, and the part component structural is comparatively complicated; The speed changer volume is bigger; Simultaneously, owing to adopted a plurality of cam structures, stability is still not ideal enough; Though on working life, increase,, still have room for improvement working life according to structural analysis than existing technology.
Therefore, need a kind of above-mentioned cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device to be improved, not only can self adaption do not cut off with the change in resistance of going carry out automatically under the situation of driving force shifted; Solve the little problem that can not satisfy road use under the complex conditions of motor torque-rotation speed change, stationarity is good, further increases work efficiency; Has better energy conservation and consumption reduction effects; And reduce volume, and further improve working life, be applicable to that more roadsters such as electric three-wheel or electric vehicle use.
Summary of the invention
In view of this; The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed and drive assembly, not only can self adaption do not cut off and carry out shiftedly under the situation of driving force automatically, solve that motor torque-rotation speed change is little can not to satisfy the problem that road uses under the complex conditions with the change in resistance of going; Stationarity is good; Further increase work efficiency, have better energy conservation and consumption reduction effects, and reduce volume; And further improve working life, be applicable to that more roadsters such as electric three-wheel or electric vehicle use.
Mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed of the present invention drives assembly; Comprise power plant, mission case and transmission shaft; Said transmission shaft outputs power and is arranged on and is rotatably assorted with it in the mission case, also comprises slow grade of driving mechanism, is arranged on the mechanical intelligence adaptive rate assembly on the transmission shaft and is in transmission connection in the differential mechanism of the clutch end of transmission shaft;
Mechanical intelligence adaptive rate assembly comprises the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body, the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body and speed change elastic element;
The axial inner conical drogue of said cirque body cooperates in the circumferencial direction transmission with the rotational power output block of power plant; Circle is the axial conical surface in the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body; The axial external conical sleeve cylindrical of cirque body is the axial conical surface, and the mode that the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body is worked in coordination with the conical surface is enclosed within the axial external conical sleeve excircle of cirque body; The axial external conical sleeve of said cirque body is coated at transmission shaft and interior circle is provided with the internal spiral cam, and transmission shaft is provided with the external spiral cam that matches with the internal spiral cam and forms the spiral cam pair;
The speed change elastic element applies the pretightening force of the inner conical surface applying transmission that makes its male cone (strobilus masculinus) and the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body to the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body; When said transmission shaft power was exported, the spiral prominence wheel set applied the axial thrust load opposite with the elastic element pretightening force to the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body;
Said slow shelves driving mechanism comprises free wheel device and intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism; The inner ring of said free wheel device is exported between sense of rotation and the outer ring at the power of transmission shaft and is surmounted; The axial inner conical drogue of said cirque body cooperates with the outer ring transmission of free wheel device through the intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism; The inner ring of said free wheel device is rotatably assorted and is coated at transmission shaft, is passed to the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body through the slow shelves of slow shelves cam-engaged adjutant power by the inner ring of free wheel device between the axial external conical sleeve of the inner ring of said free wheel device and cirque body;
Said differential mechanism is positioned at the differential mechanism casing, and said differential mechanism casing is integrated in mission case, and the clutch end of said transmission shaft cooperates with the power intake transmission of differential mechanism.
Further, said free wheel device is the spring-piece type free wheel device, comprises roller and retainer, is formed for the engaging groove that meshes or separate with roller between the outer ring of free wheel device and the inner ring; Said retainer comprises support plate, supporting post and reed; Said supporting post is corresponding one by one with roller; Said support plate is arranged at supporting post and between support plate and supporting post outer surface, forms slot in the circumferencial direction secure fit; Said reed is provided with the embedding part that embeds slot, and reed extends slot and along the engagement direction of engaging groove roller applied pretightening force, and said slot is provided with reed owing to roller applied the distortion allowance of resiliently deformable that pretightening force produces;
Further, said embedding part is provided with pressure-bearing portion, and said support plate is provided with pressure-bearing portion applied and makes embedding part embed the pressure of slot and limit embedding part from pressing portion that slot is deviate from;
Further, said pressure-bearing portion is formed in one in embedding part and outward extending elastic piece structure, and pressure-bearing portion forms the pressure-bearing section to the bending of pressing portion, and pressing portion forms superimposed in pressure-bearing section outer surface and pressing section that the pressure-bearing section is exerted pressure to the bending of pressure-bearing portion;
Further; Said intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism comprises slow shelves jack shaft, is arranged at first slow grade of gear and second slow grade of gear that slow shelves jack shaft cooperates with its transmission; The axial inner conical drogue of said cirque body be provided with external toothing and with first slow grade of meshed transmission gear, the outer ring engagement driving of second slow grade of gear and free wheel device;
Further; Said speed change elastic element is the speed change butterfly spring that is coated at transmission shaft; The inner ring of said speed change butterfly spring and free wheel device is respectively in the axial both sides of the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body; Speed change butterfly spring is coated at transmission shaft through being slidingly matched speed change packing ring withstands axial external conical sleeve one axial end portion of cirque body, and another axial end portion of the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body cooperates through the end cam auxiliary driving with the inner ring of free wheel device;
Further, said power plant are motor, and said motor housing is integrated in mission case, and the pto of motor is rotatably assorted and extends into mission case and cooperate in the circumferencial direction transmission with the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body;
Further, the pto of said motor cooperates in the circumferencial direction transmission through speed reducing gear pair with the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body;
Further, said speed change butterfly spring is arranged on the left side of the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body, and free wheel device is positioned at the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body right side; The expansion direction of the internal spiral cam of the axial external conical sleeve of said cirque body and the external spiral cam of transmission shaft is opposite with transmission shaft power output sense of rotation from left to right; The axial external conical sleeve of the inner ring of said free wheel device and cirque body is provided with end cam respectively and intermeshes through end cam that to form slow shelves cam-engaged secondary; The end cam line of contact expansion direction of the inner ring of free wheel device and the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body is identical with transmission shaft power output sense of rotation from left to right;
Further; The driven gear of said speed reducing gear pair cooperates with the axial inner conical drogue transmission of cirque body through gear frame; Said gear frame left end is supported in mission case through first annular bearing with rolling contact; Right-hand member is supported in mission case through second annular bearing with rolling contact, in the cavity of said speed change butterfly spring between gear frame and transmission shaft cylindrical; The shaft part outer round surface that the inner ring of said transmission shaft and free wheel device is rotatably assorted is provided with oil groove.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed of the present invention drives assembly; Whole advantages with existing cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device; If can detect driving torque-rotating speed and running resistance-GES according to running resistance; Make motor or engine output and traveling state of vehicle be in the optimum Match state all the time; Realize the Balance Control of vehicle traction moment and comprehensive running resistance, self adaption is carried out shifted with the change in resistance of going automatically under the situation of not cutting off driving force; Can satisfy under mountain area, hills and the heavy load conditions and use, it is mild that motor or engine load are changed, and motor vehicle operate steadily, and improve Security;
Simultaneously, the present invention adopts the drive mechanism of spiral prominence wheel set, thereby further the radial dimension of reducing mechanism reduces volume, and working life, tool improved a lot; And the helix structure stable drive, stressed evenly have unrivaled stability and smoothness, further increases work efficiency; Directly output power through differential mechanism; Reduce Transmitted chains; Have better energy conservation and consumption reduction effects, bigger control vehicular discharge is applicable to that lighter pure electro-tricycle and pure electric automobile use; Prolong running time and operating range, improve power character, Economy, drive safety and the travelling comfort of vehicle greatly.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is an axial section structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the axial external conical sleeve structure schematic representation of cirque body;
Fig. 3 is the inner ring structural representation of free wheel device;
Fig. 4 is the free wheel device structural representation;
Fig. 5 is that supporting post, support plate and reed cooperate schematic representation;
Fig. 6 is the reed structure schematic representation;
Fig. 7 is the axial broken section structural representation of free wheel device.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is an axial section structural representation of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the axial external conical sleeve structure schematic representation of cirque body, and Fig. 3 is the inner ring structural representation of free wheel device, and Fig. 4 is the free wheel device structural representation; Fig. 5 is that supporting post, support plate and reed cooperate schematic representation, and Fig. 6 is the reed structure schematic representation, and Fig. 7 is the axial broken section structural representation of free wheel device, and as shown in the figure: the power plant of present embodiment are motor, see from left to right during work to be rotated counterclockwise.
Mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed of the present invention drives assembly; Comprise power plant, mission case 3 and transmission shaft 1; Said transmission shaft 1 outputs power and is arranged in the mission case 3 and is rotatably assorted with it; As shown in the figure, the transmission shaft two ends are rotatably assorted through annular bearing with rolling contact 30 and annular bearing with rolling contact 13 respectively and are supported in mission case; Also comprise slow shelves driving mechanism, be arranged on the mechanical intelligence adaptive rate assembly on the transmission shaft 1 and be in transmission connection in the differential mechanism 27 of the clutch end of transmission shaft 1;
Mechanical intelligence adaptive rate assembly comprises the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body 14, the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body and speed change elastic element;
The axial inner conical drogue 17 of said cirque body cooperates in the circumferencial direction transmission with the rotational power output block of power plant; Circle is the axial conical surface in the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body; Axial external conical sleeve 14 cylindricals of cirque body are the axial conical surface; The mode that the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body is worked in coordination with the conical surface is enclosed within axial external conical sleeve 14 excircles of cirque body, cooperates transmission through the tapered sleeve structure, and inner conical surface and male cone (strobilus masculinus) one of at least need have certain roughness; Belong to those skilled in the art and can know, repeat no more at this according to this record; The axial external conical sleeve 14 of said cirque body is coated at transmission shaft 1 and interior circle is provided with internal spiral cam 14a, and transmission shaft 1 is provided with the external spiral cam 1a that matches with internal spiral cam 14a and forms the spiral prominence wheel set; The spiral prominence wheel set is the worm structure that cooperatively interacts; When the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body rotates; Through the spiral prominence wheel set transmission shaft 1 is produced axially and two component of circumferencial direction; Wherein circumferencial direction component drives transmission shaft 1 and rotates also outputting power, and axial thrust load is offset by the mounting structure of transmission shaft 1, and its reaction force acts is in the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body and put on the speed change elastic element;
The speed change elastic element applies the pretightening force of the inner conical surface applying transmission that makes its male cone (strobilus masculinus) and the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body to the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body; When said transmission shaft 1 power was exported, the spiral prominence wheel set applied and the opposite axial thrust load of elastic element 28 pretightening forces the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body; That is to say; The rotation direction of the spiral cam of spiral prominence wheel set is relevant with the power of transmission shaft output sense of rotation, and those skilled in the art are according to above-mentioned record, under the prerequisite of learning transmission shaft power outbound course; Can learn the rotation direction of spiral cam, repeat no more at this;
Said slow shelves driving mechanism comprises free wheel device and intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism; The inner ring 31 of said free wheel device is exported between sense of rotation and the outer ring 15 at the power of transmission shaft 1 and is surmounted; The axial inner conical drogue 17 of said cirque body cooperates with outer ring 15 transmissions of free wheel device through the intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism; The inner ring 31 of said free wheel device is rotatably assorted and is coated at transmission shaft 1; Be passed to the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body through the slow shelves of slow shelves cam-engaged adjutant power by the inner ring 31 of free wheel device between the axial external conical sleeve 14 of the inner ring 31 of said free wheel device and cirque body; Should slow shelves cam-engaged pair can be intermeshing end cam, also can be spiral cam or the like; The intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism can be primary gear speed reducing transmission or other reducing transmission structures, and this intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism can guarantee that rotating speed that the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body is passed to the outer ring 15 of free wheel device is lower than the rotating speed of the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body;
Said differential mechanism 27 is positioned at differential mechanism casing 27a, and said differential mechanism casing 27a is integrated in mission case 3, and the clutch end of said transmission shaft 1 cooperates with the power intake transmission of differential mechanism 27; As shown in the figure, the clutch end of transmission shaft 1 is provided with power output gear 38 through spline in the circumferencial direction secure fit, the power input gear engagement driving of power output gear 38 and differential mechanism 27; Differential mechanism casing 27a is integrated in (directly be fixedly connected, adopt detachable) mission case 3, makes the power output structure compact of speed changer; Be applicable to preposition forerunner or rearmounted rear-guard structure, be convenient to install and use, and Transmitted chains be shorter; Be beneficial to energy-saving and cost-reducingly, raise the efficiency.
In the present embodiment, said free wheel device is the spring-piece type free wheel device, comprises roller 33 and retainer, is formed for the engaging groove that meshes or separate with roller between the outer ring 15 of free wheel device and the inner ring 31; Said retainer comprises support plate 36, supporting post 35 and reed 34; Said supporting post 35 is corresponding one by one with roller 33; Said support plate 36 is arranged at supporting post 35 and between support plate 36 and supporting post 35 outer surfaces, forms slot 37 in the circumferencial direction secure fit; Said reed 34 is provided with the embedding part 34a that embeds slot 37; Reed 34 extends slot 37 and along the engagement direction of engaging groove roller 33 is applied pretightening force, and said slot 37 is provided with reed 34 owing to roller 33 applied the distortion allowance of resiliently deformable that pretightening force produces; The free wheel device of this structure is avoided on outer ring 15, directly processing position limit socket, simplifies course of working, increases work efficiency; Cut down finished cost, guarantee processing and assembly precision, and be different from the structure of concentrating immovable point in the existing technology; Do not adopt the fixed structure of spot welding, the consequence that metallographic structure changes can not take place, eliminated since the engagement of free wheel device with to separate the stress that the elasticity of spring leaf distortion causes concentrated; And make reed 34 have freedom of movement preferably; Thereby can improve the consequently service life of whole free wheel device of reed 34, reed can reach the resiliently deformable that has pretightening force more than 5,000,000 times, reduces greatly and uses and maintenance cost; Associated components of the present invention damages the back and changes easily, and outer ring 15 does not need integral body to scrap, and reduces maintenance and user cost; Owing to adopt the retainer structure beyond the outer ring 15; The axial length that can theory unlimited prolongs free wheel device and roller 33, the increase length of action that is to say; Can increase the axial length of free wheel device according to the load-bearing needs; Thereby increase the bearing capacity of free wheel device, and reduce to prolong the working life of free wheel device than the free wheel device radial dimension under the high bearing capacity; Simultaneously; Because reed is for distribute vertically; Thereby can carry out multiple spot to roller as required and apply pretightening force, guarantee than major axis spacing balance to roller under the prerequisite of size, make it not depart from parallel with inner ring axis; Thereby guarantee the stable operation of free wheel device, avoid mechanical failure;
As shown in the figure; Said support plate 36 is along circumferentially being wrapped in supporting post 35 and setting and hold pretightening force tightly; The cross section of said supporting post 35 is circumferentially non-circular in relative rotation for limiting support plate 36, forms slot 37 between a side of support plate 36 and supporting post 35 1 side surfaces; The cross section of supporting post 35 adopts polymorphic structure, and support plate 36 can limit it along circumferentially rotating after being wrapped in supporting post 35, and is simple in structure; Enforcement, easy accessibility utilize non-circular structure to limit the circumferential movement of support plate 36, form comparatively stable slot 37 structures; For the installation of reed 34 provides condition; Do not need other mechanical fixed structure, avoid guaranteeing its working life because structures such as spot welding form the mechanical force to reed; As shown in the figure, the polymorphic structure of supporting post 35 cross sections for constituting by circular arc and straight line, and support plate 36 is wrapped in the polymorphic structure periphery, makes it not have condition in relative rotation.
In the present embodiment, said embedding part 34a is provided with the 34b of pressure-bearing portion, and said support plate 36 is provided with the 34a of pressure-bearing portion applied and makes embedding part 34a embed the pressure of slot 37 and limit embedding part 34a from the 36a of pressing portion that slot is deviate from; Guarantee when avoiding embedding part 34a to deviate from that reed 34 has degrees of freedom swing preferably, prolongs its working life.
In the present embodiment; The said pressure-bearing 34b of portion is formed in one in embedding part 34a and outward extending elastic piece structure; The 34b of pressure-bearing portion forms pressure-bearing section 34c to the 36a of pressing portion bending, and the 36a of pressing portion forms superimposed in pressure-bearing section 34c outer surface and pressing section 36b that pressure-bearing section 34c is exerted pressure to the 34b of pressure-bearing portion bending; This pressure makes embedding part be embedded in slot 37, forms to stablize embedded structure; As shown in the figure, the rounding off structure is adopted in bending, avoids stress to concentrate; Directly slip into through external force during installation and the pressure-bearing section is superimposed in the pressing section, utilize pressure-bearing section self elasticity to form insertion force, simple in structure; Easy for installation, can't produce bigger distortion and stress and concentrate.
As shown in the figure; Said retainer also comprises pushing out ring I32 and pushing out ring II24; Said pushing out ring I32 and 15 axial two ends, pushing out ring II24 apportion outer ring and with outer ring 15 in the circumferencial direction secure fit; Said supporting post 4 two ends correspondence respectively are supported in pushing out ring I32 and pushing out ring II24, supporting post 35 at self circumferencial direction and pushing out ring I32 or/and pushing out ring II24 secure fit; After the assembling, pushing out ring I32 and pushing out ring II24 can pass through screw, riveted fixing in the outer ring 15, also can be fixed in outer ring 15 to its axial limiting through other parts; As shown in the figure, supporting post 35 is parallel to roller 33; Engaging groove engagement direction is the direction that engaging groove shoals gradually, the direction that the engagement space of engaging groove and inner ring 31 cylindricals formation just narrows down gradually; The elasticity of reed 34 enough avoids roller oppositely to mesh when free wheel device surmounts; As shown in the figure; Said supporting post 35 axial ends form flat axle and penetrate the structure of the flat hole of pushing out ring I32 with formation circumferencial direction secure fit through flat axle correspondence; Simple in structure, realize easily, and owing to form the shaft shoulder between flat axle and supporting post 35 bodies; Thereby better positioning effect is arranged, be beneficial to assembling and keep running state preferably; The supporting post 35 axial the other ends pass the circular hole on the pushing out ring II24, and the end that supporting post passes the circular hole on the pushing out ring II forms conical head, and the conehead structure has adaptability preferably, is beneficial to penetrate assembling, increases work efficiency.
Said pushing out ring I32 and pushing out ring II24 all process sliding bearing structure; As shown in the figure; 15 axial two ends, said outer ring form deep gouge (deep gouge 15a as shown in the figure and deep gouge 15b) respectively; The radial groove (radial groove 15a and radial groove 15b) at 15 axial two ends, said outer ring is arranged at circle in the corresponding deep gouge cell wall respectively; The corresponding respectively deep gouge that embeds of said pushing out ring I32 and pushing out ring II24; Pushing out ring I32 and pushing out ring II24 are respectively equipped with and are used for the corresponding radial protrusion (radial protrusion 32a and radial protrusion 24a) that embeds radial groove (radial groove 15a and radial groove 15b); The radial protrusion of pushing out ring I32 and pushing out ring II24 (radial protrusion 32a and radial protrusion 24a) and corresponding radial groove (radial groove 15a and radial groove 15b) over against, push vertically and get final product; It is stable with assembling between outer ring 15 and inner ring 31, to form the compact structure that supports and be beneficial to the maintenance retainer, can not disturb because of external force to come off; Simultaneously, be beneficial to stable operation between outer ring and the inner ring.
In the present embodiment; Said intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism comprises slow shelves jack shaft 18, is arranged at first slow grade of gear 20 and second slow grade of gear 19 that slow shelves jack shaft 18 cooperates with its transmission; As shown in the figure, slow shelves jack shaft 18 is rotatably assorted in mission case 3 through annular bearing with rolling contact 22 and annular bearing with rolling contact 16; The axial inner conical drogue 17 of said cirque body be provided with external toothing 10 and with first slow grade of gear, 20 engagement driving, outer ring 15 engagement driving of second slow grade of gear 19 and free wheel device; Simple and compact for structure, realize slow grade transmission of power.
In the present embodiment; Said speed change elastic element is the speed change butterfly spring 28 that is coated at transmission shaft 1; The inner ring 31 of said speed change butterfly spring 28 and free wheel device is respectively in the axial both sides of the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body; Speed change butterfly spring is coated at transmission shaft 1 through being slidingly matched speed change packing ring 21 withstands axial external conical sleeve 14 1 axial end portions of cirque body, and axial external conical sleeve 14 another axial end portions of cirque body cooperate through the end cam auxiliary driving with the inner ring 31 of free wheel device; Simple in structure, arrangement space is little, utilizes the transfer route reasonable Arrangement parts of power, makes the present invention more be applicable to the use of less space.
In the present embodiment; Said power plant are motor 26, and said motor 26 shells integrated (be fixedly connected, be generally detachable fixed connection) are in mission case 3; The pto 5 of motor 26 is rotatably assorted and extends into mission case 3 and cooperate in the circumferencial direction transmission with the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body; As shown in the figure, pto 5 is supported in motor 26 shells through annular bearing with rolling contact 7, and the shaft part that extends into mission case 3 is rotatably assorted through annular bearing with rolling contact 8 and mission case; Electric machine casing is integrated in mission case, makes this driving assembly structure compact, and integrity is strong, just with manufacturing, installation and removal maintenance, simultaneously, reduces Transmitted chains, improves transmission efficiency.
In the present embodiment; The pto 5 of said motor 26 cooperates in the circumferencial direction transmission through speed reducing gear pair with the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body; As shown in the figure, speed reducing gear pair comprises driving gear 4 that cooperates in the circumferencial direction transmission with pto 5 and the driven gear 2 that cooperates in the circumferencial direction transmission with the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body; Be beneficial to the torque loads that reduces speed changer itself, improve its working life.
In the present embodiment, said speed change butterfly spring 28 is arranged on the left side of the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body, and free wheel device is positioned at the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body 14 right sides; The expansion direction of the external spiral cam 1a of the internal spiral cam 14a of the axial external conical sleeve 14 of said cirque body and transmission shaft 1 is opposite with transmission shaft 1 power output sense of rotation from left to right; As shown in the figure, be provided with plane rolling bearing 9 between axial external conical sleeve 14 left ends of speed change packing ring 21 and cirque body, to reduce friction; The inner ring 31 of said free wheel device and the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body are provided with end cam respectively and intermesh through end cam that to form slow shelves cam-engaged secondary; The end cam line of contact expansion direction of the inner ring 31 of free wheel device and the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body is identical with transmission shaft power output sense of rotation from left to right; As shown in the figure, the end cam 31a of the inner ring 31 of free wheel device cooperates between the end cam 14b of the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body, end cam 14b and end cam 31a that to form end cam secondary, is used for transmission; As shown in the figure, inner ring 31 right-hand members of free wheel device are provided with plane bearing 11 through plane bearing 12 axial limitings between axial inner conical drogue 17 right-hand members of left end and cirque body, realize more stable axial limiting.
In the present embodiment; The driven gear 2 of said speed reducing gear pair cooperates with axial inner conical drogue 17 transmissions of cirque body through gear frame 25; Said gear frame 25 left ends hold through the first radial rolling axle 29 and are supported in mission case; Right-hand member is supported in mission case 3 through second annular bearing with rolling contact 23, in the cavity of said speed change butterfly spring 28 between gear frame 25 and transmission shaft 1 cylindrical; , simple and compact for structure, integrity is strong, reduces the radial dimension of speed changer greatly; The shaft part outer round surface that the inner ring 31 of said transmission shaft 1 and free wheel device is rotatably assorted is provided with oil groove 6, and high lubricating effect is rotated smooth and easyly, is beneficial to and reduces to rub energy saving.
Above embodiment is an optimum structure of the present invention, is not the qualification to protection domain of the present invention; Such as, some technical characteristicss of the transmission fit system of each parts and annexation or the like all can be made corresponding change, and do not influence the realization of this goal of the invention.
The fast shelves power transmission line of present embodiment:
This moment, free wheel device surmounted, and the resistance transfer route: the axial external conical sleeve 14 of internal spiral cam 14a → cirque body of the axial external conical sleeve of external spiral cam 1a → cirque body of transmission shaft 1 → transmission shaft 1 → compression speed change butterfly spring 28; The external spiral cam 1a of transmission shaft through transmission shaft 1 applies axial force and compresses speed change butterfly spring 28 the internal spiral cam 14a and the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body of the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body; When running resistance is increased to one regularly; This axial force speed change butterfly spring 28; The axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body is separated with the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body, and power is through following route transmission, promptly slow shelves power transmission line:
Slow shelves power transmission line also passes through following route simultaneously: the axial external conical sleeve 14 of slow shelves cam-engaged pair → cirque body → compression speed change butterfly spring 28; Prevent to occur in the slow grade transmission process compression speed change butterfly spring 28 toward compound compression, thereby prevent axial external conical sleeve 14 applyings of axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body and cirque body.
There is above-mentioned transfer route to find out; The present invention is when operation, and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the inner conical surface of the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body and the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body fits tightly under 28 effects of speed change butterfly spring, forms an automatic transmission that keeps certain pressure; And can adjust the required pressure of clutches engaged through the axial thickness that increases speed change packing ring 21; Reach the transmission purpose, at this moment, pto 5 drives the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body 17, the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body; Transmission shaft 1 is clockwise rotated, thereby differential mechanism 27 is rotated counterclockwise; Slow shelves free wheel device was in and surmounted state this moment.
Resistance is greater than driving force during motor vehicle starting, and resistance forces transmission shaft 1 to rotate counterclockwise several angle, under the effect of the external spiral cam 1a of transmission shaft 1, and the axial external conical sleeve 14 compression speed change butterfly springs 28 of cirque body; The axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body separates with the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body; Synchronously; The engagement of slow shelves free wheel device; The drive motor rotor drives that the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body 17, first slow grade of gear 20, slow shelves jack shaft 18, second slow grade of gear 19, the outer ring 15 of free wheel device, inner ring 31, slow shelves cam-engaged are secondary, the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body 14, transmission shaft 1, makes differential mechanism 27 with slow shelves speed transmission; Therefore, realize the bottom gear starting automatically, shortened the starting time, reduced starting force.Meanwhile, speed change butterfly spring 28 absorbs movement resistor moment energy, holds potential energy fully for recovering fast shelves gear transferring power.
After starting successfully; Running resistance reduces; When component is reduced to less than the pressure that speed change butterfly spring 28 produced; Discharge promotion rapidly down because of the compression of passive movement resistance produces speed change butterfly spring 28 pressure, accomplish the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body and the inner conical surface of the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body and recover the state that fits tightly, a slow grade free wheel device is in and surmounts state.
In the running process,, under the situation that need not cut off driving force, realize shift, make whole locomotive operation steady along with the variation automaitc shfit principle of resistance to motion is the same, safe and low consumption, and also transfer route is oversimplified the raising transmission efficiency.
Explanation is at last; Above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technological scheme of the present invention to be described; Although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention is specified, those of ordinary skill in the art should be appreciated that and can make amendment or be equal to replacement technological scheme of the present invention; And not breaking away from the spirit and the scope of technological scheme of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed drives assembly; Comprise power plant, mission case and transmission shaft; Said transmission shaft outputs power and is arranged on and is rotatably assorted with it in the mission case, it is characterized in that: also comprise slow grade of driving mechanism, be arranged on the mechanical intelligence adaptive rate assembly on the transmission shaft and be in transmission connection in the differential mechanism of the clutch end of transmission shaft;
Mechanical intelligence adaptive rate assembly comprises the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body, the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body and speed change elastic element;
The axial inner conical drogue of said cirque body cooperates in the circumferencial direction transmission with the rotational power output block of power plant; Circle is the axial conical surface in the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body; The axial external conical sleeve cylindrical of cirque body is the axial conical surface, and the mode that the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body is worked in coordination with the conical surface is enclosed within the axial external conical sleeve excircle of cirque body; The axial external conical sleeve of said cirque body is coated at transmission shaft and interior circle is provided with the internal spiral cam, and transmission shaft is provided with the external spiral cam that matches with the internal spiral cam and forms the spiral cam pair;
The speed change elastic element applies the pretightening force of the inner conical surface applying transmission that makes its male cone (strobilus masculinus) and the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body to the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body; When said transmission shaft power was exported, the spiral prominence wheel set applied the axial thrust load opposite with the elastic element pretightening force to the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body;
Said slow shelves driving mechanism comprises free wheel device and intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism; The inner ring of said free wheel device is exported between sense of rotation and the outer ring at the power of transmission shaft and is surmounted; The axial inner conical drogue of said cirque body cooperates with the outer ring transmission of free wheel device through the intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism; The inner ring of said free wheel device is rotatably assorted and is coated at transmission shaft, is passed to the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body through the slow shelves of slow shelves cam-engaged adjutant power by the inner ring of free wheel device between the axial external conical sleeve of the inner ring of said free wheel device and cirque body;
Said differential mechanism is positioned at the differential mechanism casing, and said differential mechanism casing is integrated in mission case, and the clutch end of said transmission shaft cooperates with the power intake transmission of differential mechanism.
2. mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed according to claim 1 drives assembly; It is characterized in that: said free wheel device is the spring-piece type free wheel device; Comprise roller and retainer, be formed for the engaging groove that meshes or separate with roller between the outer ring of free wheel device and the inner ring; Said retainer comprises support plate, supporting post and reed; Said supporting post is corresponding one by one with roller; Said support plate is arranged at supporting post and between support plate and supporting post outer surface, forms slot in the circumferencial direction secure fit; Said reed is provided with the embedding part that embeds slot, and reed extends slot and along the engagement direction of engaging groove roller applied pretightening force, and said slot is provided with reed owing to roller applied the distortion allowance of resiliently deformable that pretightening force produces.
3. mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed according to claim 2 drives assembly; It is characterized in that: said embedding part is provided with pressure-bearing portion, and said support plate is provided with pressure-bearing portion applied and makes embedding part embed the pressure of slot and limit embedding part from pressing portion that slot is deviate from.
4. mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed according to claim 3 drives assembly; It is characterized in that: said pressure-bearing portion is formed in one in embedding part and outward extending elastic piece structure; Pressure-bearing portion forms the pressure-bearing section to pressing portion bending, and pressing portion forms superimposed in pressure-bearing section outer surface and pressing section that the pressure-bearing section is exerted pressure to the bending of pressure-bearing portion.
5. mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed according to claim 4 drives assembly; It is characterized in that: said intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism comprises slow shelves jack shaft, is arranged at first slow grade of gear and second slow grade of gear that slow shelves jack shaft cooperates with its transmission; The axial inner conical drogue of said cirque body be provided with external toothing and with first slow grade of meshed transmission gear, the outer ring engagement driving of second slow grade of gear and free wheel device.
6. mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed according to claim 5 drives assembly; It is characterized in that: said speed change elastic element is the speed change butterfly spring that is coated at transmission shaft; The inner ring of said speed change butterfly spring and free wheel device is respectively in the axial both sides of the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body; Speed change butterfly spring is coated at transmission shaft through being slidingly matched speed change packing ring withstands axial external conical sleeve one axial end portion of cirque body, and another axial end portion of the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body cooperates through the end cam auxiliary driving with the inner ring of free wheel device.
7. mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed according to claim 6 drives assembly; It is characterized in that: said power plant are motor; Said motor housing is integrated in mission case, and the pto of motor is rotatably assorted and extends into mission case and cooperate in the circumferencial direction transmission with the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body.
8. mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed according to claim 7 drives assembly, and it is characterized in that: the pto of said motor cooperates in the circumferencial direction transmission through speed reducing gear pair with the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body.
9. mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed according to claim 8 drives assembly, and it is characterized in that: said speed change butterfly spring is arranged on the left side of the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body, and free wheel device is positioned at the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body right side; The expansion direction of the internal spiral cam of the axial external conical sleeve of said cirque body and the external spiral cam of transmission shaft is opposite with transmission shaft power output sense of rotation from left to right; The axial external conical sleeve of the inner ring of said free wheel device and cirque body is provided with end cam respectively and intermeshes through end cam that to form slow shelves cam-engaged secondary; The end cam line of contact expansion direction of the inner ring of free wheel device and the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body is identical with transmission shaft power output sense of rotation from left to right.
10. mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed according to claim 9 drives assembly; It is characterized in that: the driven gear of said speed reducing gear pair cooperates with the axial inner conical drogue transmission of cirque body through gear frame; Said gear frame left end is supported in mission case through first annular bearing with rolling contact; Right-hand member is supported in mission case through second annular bearing with rolling contact, in the cavity of said speed change butterfly spring between gear frame and transmission shaft cylindrical; The shaft part outer round surface that the inner ring of said transmission shaft and free wheel device is rotatably assorted is provided with oil groove.
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| CN201210019025.7A CN102537265B (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2012-01-20 | Mechanical intelligent self-adaption two-gear automatic speed change driving assembly |
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| CN201210019025.7A CN102537265B (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2012-01-20 | Mechanical intelligent self-adaption two-gear automatic speed change driving assembly |
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| CN103133673A (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2013-06-05 | 上海中科深江电动车辆有限公司 | Lubricating system for electronic continuously variable transmission of electric vehicle and design method of lubricating system |
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| CN103438190B (en) * | 2013-08-31 | 2016-04-13 | 西南大学 | Many cam self-adaptings multidrive countershaft |
| CN105090485A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-11-25 | 西南大学 | Lateral hanging spiral type taper sleeve transmission self-adaptation automatic speed changing drive assembly of electric motor car |
| CN105156617A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-12-16 | 梁稚子 | Concave-convex type friction drive side hanging type self-adaption automatic variable speed drive assembly of electric motor car |
| CN105114615A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-12-02 | 梁稚子 | Electric motorcycle internal rotor motor biconical friction transmission self-adaptive automatic speed-changing drive assembly |
| CN105114572A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-12-02 | 梁稚子 | Electric motorcycle external rotor motor biconical friction transmission self-adaptive automatic speed-changing drive assembly |
| CN105090487A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-11-25 | 梁稚子 | Internal rotor concave-convex friction driven adaptive automatic transmission driving assembly of electric motorcycle |
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| CN110966369A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-07 | 西南大学 | Intelligent double-overrunning self-adaptive automatic speed change system |
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| CN111002823B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2023-01-24 | 西南大学 | Motor vehicle central driving rear axle assembly adopting taper clutch |
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