CN102525677B - Micro double-spindle false tooth repair machine - Google Patents
Micro double-spindle false tooth repair machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102525677B CN102525677B CN201210062763.XA CN201210062763A CN102525677B CN 102525677 B CN102525677 B CN 102525677B CN 201210062763 A CN201210062763 A CN 201210062763A CN 102525677 B CN102525677 B CN 102525677B
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- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 89
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- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 5
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- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229960001957 stomatological preparations Drugs 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a micro double-spindle false tooth repair machine. The false tooth repair machine comprises a base (40) and a first electric spindle system (20), a second electric spindle system (90), electric cabinets (10) and a workpiece rotating mechanism (70) which are arranged on the base (40). The false tooth repair machine is characterized in that: the first electric spindle system (20) and the second electric spindle system (90) are arranged coaxially, and cutters arranged on the first electric spindle system (20) and the second electric spindle system (90) and a workpiece arranged on the workpiece rotating mechanism (70) extend into a machining space (60) and are arranged vertically in a horizontal plane; the first electric spindle system (20) and the second electric spindle system (90) are arranged on respective X-axial feeding mechanisms (30); the workpiece rotating mechanism (70) is arranged on a Y-axis feeding mechanism (100), the Y-axis feeding mechanism (100) is arranged on a Z-axis feeding mechanism (120), and the Z-axis feeding mechanism (120) is arranged on the base (40); and a tool magazine system (50) is also arranged on the Y-axis feeding mechanism (100). The false tooth repair machine has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, high machining precision and convenience in operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of medical apparatus and instruments, especially a kind of dental equipment, specifically can be on-the-spot on a kind of dentist's of being placed on desk makes the micro double-spindle false tooth repair machine of artificial tooth for patient.
Background technology
At present, the production method overwhelming majority of China's stomatology dummy is to have continued traditional-handwork method of manufacturing technology, and this autofrettage efficiency is low, and precision is not high, has increased the cycle for the treatment of, can not meet the requirement of the fast quick-recovery dental functions of patient.
Along with the deepening continuously and extensive use in Oral Repair field of CAD/CAM technology, artificial tooth reparation enters the digitized stage in recent years, and dummy fabricating quality and efficiency significantly promote.Artificial tooth numerically controlled processing equipment is the key components of oral cavity CAD/CAM technology, is directly connected to the quality of artificial tooth processing characteristics.At present, domestic oral cavity CAD/CAM technology still rests on experimental stage, conventionally adopts universal numerical control lathe to carry out the processing of artificial tooth digitized, and less for the research of oral artificial tooth reparation special purpose machine tool, and achievement in research is very few especially.
There is following some problem in existing artificial tooth process equipment: 1. adopt general three axis numerically controlled machine to carry out artificial tooth processing, lathe is bulky, cannot meet the demand of oral cavity doctor's in-house operation.2. the artificial tooth long processing time of three axis numerically controlled machine, patient's waiting time is of a specified duration.3. universal machine tools complicated operation, non-pro personnel cannot operate lathe, have limited artificial tooth and have repaired digitized process.4. existing pair of spindle false tooth machining tool complicated in mechanical structure, system development difficulty is large, and machining accuracy is not high.
The many defects that exist for solving above-mentioned artificial tooth prosthetic appliance, task of the present invention is to manufacture and design a kind of artificial tooth process equipment, and it has two axis systems, two spindle synchronous processing, working (machining) efficiency is high; Each modular construction of lathe is compact to design, and volume is small and exquisite, suitable stomatological hospital clinical manipulation; Lathe has unique tool magazine system and clamping workpiece device, and automaticity is high, easy and simple to handle.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the volume of existing artificial tooth process equipment existence large, fabrication cycle is long, the problem of inconvenient operation, being placed on dentist's desk of designing that a kind of working (machining) efficiency is high, volume is small and exquisite, easy to operate can be on-the-spot be made the micro double-spindle false tooth repair machine of artificial tooth for patient.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of micro double-spindle false tooth repair machine, it comprises base 40 and is arranged on the first electric chief axis system 20, the second electric chief axis system 90, electric box 10 and the workpiece rotating mechanism 70 on base 40, it is characterized in that the first described axis system 20 and the second axis system 90 are coaxial line and arrange, the workpiece of installing on the cutter of installing on the first electric chief axis system 20 and the second electric chief axis system 90 and workpiece rotating mechanism 70 all stretches in processing space 60 and is horizontal plane at right angle setting; The first described electric chief axis system 20 and the second electric chief axis system 90 are installed on X axis feed mechanism 30 separately; Described workpiece rotating mechanism 70 is arranged on Y-axis feed mechanism 100, and Y-axis feed mechanism 100 is arranged on Z axis feed mechanism 120, and Z axis feed mechanism 120 is arranged on base 40; On described Y-axis feed mechanism 100, tool magazine system 50 is also installed.
Described X axis feed mechanism 30 is by X-direction screw mandrel 32, X-direction feed screw nut 33, X-direction feed screw nut bearing 34, X-direction guide rail 35, X-direction feeding motor 36, X-direction synchronizing wheel 37, X-direction Timing Belt 38 and X-direction slide block 39 form, described X-direction guide rail 35 and X-direction feeding motor 36 are fixedly mounted on base 40, X-direction feeding motor 36 drives X-direction feed screw nut 33 and X-direction feed screw nut bearing 34 to move when driving X-direction screw mandrel 32 to rotate by X-direction synchronizing wheel 37 and X-direction Timing Belt 28, thereby drive the first electric chief axis system 20 or the second electric chief axis system 90 X-direction guide rail 35 under the constraint of X-direction slide block 39 that are connected with X-direction feed screw nut bearing 34 to move.
The first described electric chief axis system 20 is identical with the structure of the second electric chief axis system 90, they include electric main shaft 26, electricity main shaft clamper 25 and water jacket 24, described electric main shaft 26 is arranged on electric main shaft clamper 25, electricity main shaft clamper 25 is arranged on planker 27, planker 27 is arranged on the X-direction slide block 29 and X-direction feed screw nut bearing 34 of X axis feed mechanism 30, water jacket 24 is arranged on the cutter holding end of electric main shaft 26, in the end of electric main shaft 26, water jacket end cap 23 is installed, water jacket end cap 23 is provided with hole for water spraying 22, the intracavity inter-connection of the water inlet end of hole for water spraying 22 and water jacket 24, the cooling liquid inlet 25a of water jacket 24 is positioned on electric main shaft clamper 25, on main shaft clamper 25, be also provided with and prevent that cutting and liquid coolant from entering the positive seal gas feed 25d in water jacket, positive seal gas feed 25d is connected with air pump by pipeline.
Described Z axis feed mechanism 120 comprises Z-direction feeding motor 121, Z-direction planker 122 and Z-direction guide rail 123, the L-shaped structure of Z-direction planker 122, Z-direction planker 122 is arranged on Z-direction guide rail 123 by Z-direction slide block 124, Z-direction feeding motor 121 drives Z-direction leading screw to rotate by Timing Belt, and Z-direction leading screw drives Z-direction nut 125 move and then drive Z-direction planker 122 along guide rail 123, to move under the constraint of Z-direction slide block 124.
Described Y-axis feed mechanism 100 comprises Y-direction motor 101, Y-direction guide rail 102 and Y-direction planker 103, Y-direction motor 101 is arranged on the Z-direction planker 122 of Z axis feed mechanism 120, when being movably arranged on Y-direction guide rail 102 by slide block 104, Y-direction planker 103 is connected with Y-direction feed screw nut, Y-direction feed screw nut is connected with Y-direction screw mandrel, Y-direction screw mandrel is connected with the synchronizing wheel on Y-direction motor 101 by Timing Belt, Y-direction motor 101 drives synchronizing wheel to rotate, synchronizing wheel drives Timing Belt to rotate, Timing Belt drives Y-direction leading screw to rotate, Y-direction leading screw drives Y-direction nut to move, Y-direction nut drives Y-direction planker 103 to move up and down on Y-direction guide rail 102.
Described workpiece rotating mechanism 70 is arranged on Y-direction planker 103, workpiece 71 is arranged on workpiece rotating shaft 75 by workpiece assembling seat 72, one end of workpiece rotating shaft 75 is bearing on Y-direction planker 103 by bearing, the other end rotates shaft coupling 73 by workpiece and is connected with workpiece Spin Control motor 74, and workpiece Spin Control motor 74 is fixed on on the whole support 76 being connected of Y-direction planker 103.
The end face of described workpiece assembling seat 72 is provided with the mount pad plane of orientation 72b that the workpiece plane of orientation 71c with workpiece 71 matches, a side at mount pad plane of orientation 72b is provided with Workpiece clamping bolt hole 72a, the work that workpiece 71 is provided with corresponding location for bolt insertion clamps position 71a, and mount pad plane of orientation 72b is provided with the circumferential positioning boss 72c of workpiece matching with the circumferential locating slot 71d of workpiece.7, micro double-spindle false tooth repair machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described tool magazine system 50 is arranged on Y-direction planker 103, cutter 21 is placed on swaging clamp piece 54, swaging clamp piece 54 is arranged on knife rest 53, knife rest 53 is connected with tool magazine motion screw mandrel 52 through the pilot hole on Y-direction planker 103, tool magazine motion screw mandrel 52 is controlled motor 51 with tool magazine and is connected, tool magazine is controlled motor 51 and is driven tool magazine motion screw mandrel 52 to rotate, thereby tool magazine motion screw mandrel 52 moves in pilot hole by thread belt movable knife rack 53, the first electric chief axis system 20 is shifted to or moved apart to drive swaging clamp piece 54 or the second electric chief axis system 90 is realized automatic tool changer.
Described swaging clamp piece 54 is comprised of U-shaped draw-in groove 54a, positioning ball 54c and spring 54d, swaging clamp spot size on the circular arc-shaped bottom portion size of U-shaped draw-in groove 54a and the knife bar of cutter 21 matches, steel ball 54c is arranged in a side of U-shaped draw-in groove 54a and offsets with one end of spring 54d, when cutter 21 is pressed into U-shaped draw-in groove 54a, the circumference compressing steel ball 54c of knife bar enters in installing hole, after knife bar is press-fit into place, steel ball 54c ejects and is pressed on the periphery of knife bar under the effect of spring 54d, and knife bar is positioned in U-shaped draw-in groove 54a.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Axis system of the present invention adopts high-speed electric main shaft as cutter drives main body, replaces gear type axis system (motor rotates by connecting rod, gear drive cutter).This axis system has been eliminated driving error, and volume and the speed controlling of having simplified mechanism are convenient, accurate, has guaranteed the machining accuracy of lathe.
Axis system of the present invention is two main shafts structures in opposite directions, can be to Same Part two-sided processing simultaneously, and working (machining) efficiency doubles, and two main shafts have height concentric locating precision, guarantees the two-sided man-hour that adds, the coincideing of interface size.
Volume of the present invention is little, and compact conformation can be realized the desktop of artificial tooth process equipment, and basic size can be controlled in 65cm*60cm*30cm, the positive and negative 10cm that is no more than of every size.
Each axle feed mechanism of the present invention (two X-axis, Y-axis, Z axis feed mechanism) adopts flute profile belt transmission power, and transmission efficiency is high, and lathe is light; Gear ratio is fixed, and stable drive, without skidding.
The present invention adopts two guide rail structures.Each mobile platform has two moving guide rails that are parallel to each other, and guide rail is distributed in the both sides of turn-screw, and symmetrical.
The present invention has the two X-axis feed mechanisms of symmetrical formula.Two X-axis feed mechanism transverse horizontal are placed, and the mobile platform of left and right two X-axis feed mechanisms is coplanar, guide rail conllinear, parallel motion.
The present invention adopts two main axle structures.Main shaft depends on X-axis feed mechanism, with X-axis, can move by horizontal linear.Its assembly structure is still symmetrical formula, and two main shaft height are concentric.Axis system adopts electric main shaft as cutter drives main body, between motor and cutter, there is no drive disk assembly, and driving error is little.
Main shaft clamper of the present invention can be realized electric main shaft fixing on X-axis motion platform, can facilitate the handling of electric main shaft, but also is responsible for the cooling of electric main shaft.Clamper uses bolted electricity main shaft, and dismounting freely.Clamper front surface is provided with through hole, is the liquid coolant entrance of electric main shaft, and clamper end face is provided with a plurality of compared with small through hole, is the outlet of liquid coolant.Clamper another side also has a through hole, passes into barotropic gas, guarantees that the sealing of liquid coolant between electric main shaft and clamper do not reveal.
The flow direction of the liquid coolant of cooling system of the present invention is flowed into by clamper one hole, by water jacket end cap, is flowed out, and impacts at cutter end, and cooling liquid speed is controlled separately by brushless motor controller.The lubricating fluid that liquid coolant of the present invention also can be used as cutter is used.
Tool type in tool magazine of the present invention and quantity are substantially fixing, and tool type is the bistrique needle-like cutter of customization, and each main shaft is equipped with two cutters, is respectively used to roughing and polish.
Cutter holder of the present invention and cutter adopt matched in clearance, and cutter holder one side adopts the locking of spring hoodle.Cutter maximum gauge place contacts with hoodle, Compress Spring, and when cutter arrives cutter holder bottommost, springback is locked fixing by cutter.The cutter of use of the present invention is the bistrique needle-like ball head knife of customization, and cutter is mainly comprised of three positions: tool sharpening position, cutter holder retaining part and main shaft clamping position, separate with two axle journals at three positions.The axle journal position of cutter is for the location of cutter when main shaft is installed.Cutter body is selected Hardmetal materials, and the working position of cutter has a diamond abrasive grain coating.Artificial tooth processing technique comprises roughing and polish two parts, adopts respectively Φ 2 bulb cutters and Φ 1 bulb cutter.
The end face of clamping workpiece of the present invention mechanism has a cylindrical boss (3b), restriction workpiece rotary freedom; Periphery has a bolt hole, with workpiece circular arc face inclination angle at 45 °, limits moving axially of workpiece.For coordinating this clamping positioning requirements, workpiece end is provided with a clamping position (being comprised of flat boss and elongate cylinder), has a rectangular channel, for circumferential registration on boss; On cylinder, there is an arc groove, for axial location, locked with bolt.
The present invention is connected with digital control scanning equipment, can realize instant processing artificial tooth.
Structure of the present invention is comparatively simple, and cost is low, easy to use, without professional, operates.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the backsight structural representation of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is X axis feed mechanism principle schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the local structure for amplifying schematic diagram of the A portion of the reflection axis system of the present invention in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is main shaft coolant system of the present invention and gas-tight sealing system of rotaty structural representation.
Fig. 6 is tool magazine system of the present invention and work rotating mechanism schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is the workpiece mounting mechanism partial enlarged drawing C of Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is the partial enlarged drawing B of cutter clamping mechanism of Fig. 6.
In figure: 10 is electric box, 20 is axis system, 30 is X-direction feed mechanism, 40 is base, 50 is tool magazine system, 60 is processing space, 70 is workpiece rotating mechanism, 100 is Y-axis feed mechanism, 120 is Z axis feed system, 130 is air pump, 140 is water pump, 31 is leading screw bearing, 32 is X-direction leading screw, 33 is X-direction feed screw nut, 34 is feed screw nut bearing, 35 is X-direction guide rail, 36 is X-direction feeding control step motor, 38 is X-direction synchronizing wheel, 39 is X-direction slide block, 21 is cutter, 22 is fountain head, 23 is water jacket end cap, 24 is water jacket, 25 is main shaft clamper, 25a is cooling liquid inlet, 25b is main shaft clamper locating clip tieholen, 25c is main shaft claming bolt hole, 25d is positive seal gas feed, 26 is electric main shaft, 24a liquid coolant outlet, 24b is cooling passage, 24c is water jacket inner chamber, 24d is liquid coolant seal groove, 51 is tool magazine control motor, 52 is tool magazine motion leading screw, 53 is knife rest, 54 is swaging clamp piece, 55 knife rest enclosing covers, 71 is workpiece, 72 is workpiece assembling seat, 73 is workpiece rotation shaft coupling, 74 is workpiece Spin Control motor, 71a is Workpiece clamping position, 71b is workpiece positioning cylindrical surface, 71c is work plane of orientation, 71d is the circumferential locating slot of workpiece, 72a is Workpiece clamping bolt hole, 72b is mount pad plane of orientation, 72c is the circumferential positioning boss of workpiece, 54a is U-shaped draw-in groove, 54c steel ball, 54d is spring, 21a is cutter swaging clamp position, stationary plane 1 before and after 21b cutter axle journal 1(swaging clamp), 21c is cutter swaging clamp position, 21d is stationary plane 2 before and after cutter axle journal 2(swaging clamp), 21e is tool grinding position.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in Fig. 1-8.
A kind of micro double-spindle false tooth repair machine, it comprises base 40 and is arranged on the first electric chief axis system 20, the second electric chief axis system 90, electric box 10 and workpiece rotating mechanism 70 on base 40 and air pump, oil pump, coolant system etc., the first described axis system 20 and the second axis system 90 are coaxial line to be arranged, the workpiece of installing on the cutter of installing on the first electric chief axis system 20 and the second electric chief axis system 90 and workpiece rotating mechanism 70 all stretches in processing space 60 and is horizontal plane at right angle setting; The first described electric chief axis system 20 and the second electric chief axis system 90 are installed on X axis feed mechanism 30 separately; Described workpiece rotating mechanism 70 is arranged on Y-axis feed mechanism 100, and Y-axis feed mechanism 100 is arranged on Z axis feed mechanism 120, and Z axis feed mechanism 120 is arranged on base 40; On described Y-axis feed mechanism 100, tool magazine system 50 is also installed.As shown in Figure 1, 2.
Wherein:
X axis feed mechanism 30 is by X-direction screw mandrel 32, X-direction feed screw nut 33, X-direction feed screw nut bearing 34, X-direction guide rail 35, X-direction feeding motor 36, X-direction synchronizing wheel 37, X-direction Timing Belt 38 and X-direction slide block 39 form, described X-direction guide rail 35 and X-direction feeding motor 36 are fixedly mounted on base 40, X-direction feeding motor 36 drives X-direction feed screw nut 33 and X-direction feed screw nut bearing 34 to move when driving X-direction screw mandrel 32 to rotate by X-direction synchronizing wheel 37 and X-direction Timing Belt 28, thereby drive the first electric chief axis system 20 or the second electric chief axis system 90 X-direction guide rail 35 under the constraint of X-direction slide block 39 that are connected with X-direction feed screw nut bearing 34 to move, as shown in Figure 3.
The first electric chief axis system 20 is identical with the structure of the second electric chief axis system 90, they include electric main shaft 26, electricity main shaft clamper 25 and water jacket 24, described electric main shaft 26 is arranged on electric main shaft clamper 25, electricity main shaft clamper 25 is arranged on planker 27, planker 27 is arranged on the X-direction slide block 29 and X-direction feed screw nut bearing 34 of X axis feed mechanism 30, water jacket 24 is arranged on the cutter holding end of electric main shaft 26, in the end of electric main shaft 26, water jacket end cap 23 is installed, water jacket end cap 23 is provided with hole for water spraying 22, the intracavity inter-connection of the water inlet end of hole for water spraying 22 and water jacket 24, the cooling liquid inlet 25a of water jacket 24 is positioned on electric main shaft clamper 25, on main shaft clamper 25, be also provided with and prevent that cutting and liquid coolant from entering the positive seal gas feed 25d in water jacket, positive seal gas feed 25d is connected with air pump by pipeline, as Fig. 4, shown in 5.
Z axis feed mechanism 120 comprises Z-direction feeding motor 121, Z-direction planker 122 and Z-direction guide rail 123, the L-shaped structure of Z-direction planker 122, Z-direction planker 122 is arranged on Z-direction guide rail 123 by Z-direction slide block 124, Z-direction feeding motor 121 drives Z-direction leading screw to rotate by Timing Belt, Z-direction leading screw drives Z-direction nut 125 move and then drive Z-direction planker 122 along guide rail 123, to move under the constraint of Z-direction slide block 124, as shown in Figure 2.
Y-axis feed mechanism 100 comprises Y-direction motor 101, Y-direction guide rail 102 and Y-direction planker 103, Y-direction motor 101 is arranged on the Z-direction planker 122 of Z axis feed mechanism 120, when being movably arranged on Y-direction guide rail 102 by slide block 104, Y-direction planker 103 is connected with Y-direction feed screw nut, Y-direction feed screw nut is connected with Y-direction screw mandrel, Y-direction screw mandrel is connected with the synchronizing wheel on Y-direction motor 101 by Timing Belt, Y-direction motor 101 drives synchronizing wheel to rotate, synchronizing wheel drives Timing Belt to rotate, Timing Belt drives Y-direction leading screw to rotate, Y-direction leading screw drives Y-direction nut to move, Y-direction nut drives Y-direction planker 103 to move up and down on Y-direction guide rail 102, as shown in Figure 1.
Workpiece rotating mechanism 70 is arranged on Y-direction planker 103, workpiece 71 is arranged on workpiece rotating shaft 75 by workpiece assembling seat 72, one end of workpiece rotating shaft 75 is bearing on Y-direction planker 103 by bearing, the other end rotates shaft coupling 73 by workpiece and is connected with workpiece Spin Control motor 74, workpiece Spin Control motor 74 is fixed on on the whole support 76 being connected of Y-direction planker 103, as shown in Figure 6, the end face of described workpiece assembling seat 72 is provided with the mount pad plane of orientation 72b that the workpiece plane of orientation 71c with workpiece 71 matches, a side at mount pad plane of orientation 72b is provided with Workpiece clamping bolt hole 72a, the work that workpiece 71 is provided with corresponding location for bolt insertion clamps position 71a, mount pad plane of orientation 72b is provided with the circumferential positioning boss 72c of workpiece matching with the circumferential locating slot 71d of workpiece.7, micro double-spindle false tooth repair machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described tool magazine system 50 is arranged on Y-direction planker 103, cutter 21 is placed on swaging clamp piece 54, swaging clamp piece 54 is arranged on knife rest 53, knife rest 53 is connected with tool magazine motion screw mandrel 52 through the pilot hole on Y-direction planker 103, tool magazine motion screw mandrel 52 is controlled motor 51 with tool magazine and is connected, tool magazine is controlled motor 51 and is driven tool magazine motion screw mandrel 52 to rotate, thereby tool magazine motion screw mandrel 52 moves in pilot hole by thread belt movable knife rack 53, the first electric chief axis system 20 is shifted to or moved apart to drive swaging clamp piece 54 or the second electric chief axis system 90 is realized automatic tool changer, as shown in Figure 7.
Swaging clamp piece 54 is comprised of U-shaped draw-in groove 54a, positioning ball 54c and spring 54d, swaging clamp spot size on the circular arc-shaped bottom portion size of U-shaped draw-in groove 54a and the knife bar of cutter 21 matches, steel ball 54c is arranged in a side of U-shaped draw-in groove 54a and offsets with one end of spring 54d, when cutter 21 is pressed into U-shaped draw-in groove 54a, the circumference compressing steel ball 54c of knife bar enters in installing hole, after knife bar is press-fit into place, steel ball 54c ejects and is pressed on the periphery of knife bar under the effect of spring 54d, knife bar is positioned in U-shaped draw-in groove 54a, as shown in Figure 8.
Details are as follows:
One, the design of main shaft installing component
The main shaft holder structure design of main shaft installing component as shown in Figure 4.In the middle of clamper, be cylindrical hole, closely cooperate with the electric outerface of spindle, use bolted electricity main shaft, dismounting freely.Below clamper, be a plane, contact with X-axis motion platform face, with bolt-locking, fixed, changing of the relative positions variable is little relatively.Clamp device is simple in structure, and spatial volume is little, and convenient disassembly is installed reliable.
Two, the design of cooling system and liquid seal system
The cooling system of main shaft comprises main shaft clamper, water jacket, water jacket end cap, water pump (not shown) etc., as shown in Figure 4.In Fig. 4, clamper front surface is provided with through hole 25a, is the liquid coolant entrance of electric main shaft, and clamper end face is provided with a plurality of compared with small through hole, is the outlet 22 of liquid coolant.Liquid coolant flows to water jacket through clamp device, finally by water jacket end cap, ejects, and as the cooling profit agent of cutter, cooling passage as shown in Figure 5.
Principal shaft liquid sealing system design is as follows, clamper another side is provided with a through hole (25d, in Fig. 4), passes into barotropic gas in hole, liquid coolant must be opened and first pass into barotropic gas before opening, and just can guarantee that liquid coolant seals and do not leak between electric main shaft and clamper.
Three, the design of tool magazine system
As shown in Figure 6, its structure comprises knife rest, cutter holder (position for tool storage in tool magazine is called cutter holder), cutter, motor and actuating device to the tool magazine system design of lathe.For embodying the superiority of special purpose machine tool, tool magazine is only equipped with artificial tooth and processes necessary tool category and quantity.Tool type is the bistrique needle-like cutter (as shown in Figure 8) of customization, and each main shaft is equipped with two cutters, is respectively used to roughing and polish.
One of feature of tool magazine design is the design of cutter holder, as shown in the partial enlarged drawing in Fig. 7.The locate mode that cutter holder adopts the face of cylinder to contact with cutter, location is reliable; Adopt matched in clearance, be convenient to picking and placeing of automatic tool changer cutter; Cutter holder one side is provided with spring hoodle retaining mechanism, guarantees that cutter lays stable.The principle of spring hoodle retaining mechanism is when cutter maximum gauge place contacts with hoodle, Compress Spring, and when cutter arrives cutter holder bottommost, springback is locked fixing by cutter.
Two of tool magazine design feature is the design of dedicated tool.This lathe can be installed corresponding cutter according to the difference of processing object, and the cutter in Fig. 8 is the bistrique needle-like ball head knife of customization.Cutter in Fig. 8 is mainly comprised of three positions: tool sharpening position 21e, cutter holder retaining part 21c and main shaft clamping position 21a, separate with two axle journal 21b and 21d at three positions.The axle journal position 21b of cutter is for the location of cutter when main shaft is installed; Location when axle journal position 21d places on tool magazine cutter holder for cutter.Cutter body is selected Hardmetal materials, and the working position of cutter has a diamond abrasive grain coating.Artificial tooth processing technique comprises roughing and polish two parts, adopts respectively Φ 2 bulb cutters and Φ 1 bulb cutter.
Four, the design of clamping workpiece parts
The design of clamping workpiece mechanism as shown in Figure 7.The end face of clamping workpiece mechanism has a cylindrical boss 72b, restriction workpiece rotary freedom; Periphery has a bolt hole 72a, with workpiece circular arc face inclination angle at 45 °, limits moving axially of workpiece.For coordinating this clamping positioning requirements, workpiece end is provided with a clamping position (being comprised of flat boss 71c and elongate cylinder 71b), has a rectangular channel 71d, for circumferential registration on boss; On cylinder, there is an arc groove 71a for axial location, locked with bolt.
For solving machine finish problem, first the present invention focuses on that main shaft is chosen and location and installation precision.On the one hand, main shaft is selected high-speed electric main shaft.Electricity main shaft has been simplified the drive mechanism of motor-driven knife, makes lathe volume little, lightweight, the more important thing is and has eliminated driving error; On the other hand, during installation, main shaft clamper endoporus has very high axiality, has guaranteed that two main-shaft axis height are concentric.Main shaft height has been guaranteed with one heart that workpiece is two-sided and has been added being identical of interface in man-hour, guaranteed crudy.
For solving another behave of machine finish problem, it is the design of symmetrical structure.The first point, the distributed architecture of the symmetrical formula of two X-axis.As described above, X-axis distributes about Z axis symmetrical expression, and this structure can effectively reduce the machine vibration that adds man-hour, reduces the stressed flexural deformation of part one side, has improved machining accuracy.Second point, the symmetrical expression cutter rail of feed mechanism motion platform.Each mobile platform has two moving guide rails that are parallel to each other, and guide rail is distributed in the both sides of turn-screw, and symmetrical.When this guide rail structure can guarantee to process, motion platform both sides are stressed evenly, and steadily, machine vibration is little in motion, guarantees machining accuracy.
In order to guarantee higher machining accuracy, for the hard crisp characteristic of artificial tooth repair materials, process equipment of the present invention adopts grinding type processing technique, and the cutter using is the bulb needle-like cutter of diamond abrasive grain coating, Roughing and fine machining cutter separately, is respectively the ball head knife of Φ 2, Φ 1.Tool grinding amount is little, and rotating speed is high, is applicable to the processing of hard-brittle material, and machined surface quality is smooth, meets the required precision of mouth mending material completely.
The assurance of machine finish is also the design of drive mechanism.Each motion of lathe adopts Timing Belt transmitting movement, and its advantage is motor mounting space freely, and lathe weight is light, and transmission efficiency is high, and while the most important thing is high speed rotating, machine vibration is little, and transmission stability is good, and machine finish is high.
Another main task of the present invention be realize the miniaturization of artificial tooth prosthetic appliance, desktop abbreviation just operates.For realizing this requirement, the present invention is optimized design mainly for formant structure, has comprised two axis systems, feed mechanism system, cooling system, tool magazine system clamping workpiece system etc.The mechanism design that each system is concrete specifically describes above.The miniaturization of lathe, desktop are each system structure ingehious designs, the synthesis result of locus reasonable layout.
Mode of operation of the present invention is as follows.
The present invention selects artificial tooth to repair special-purpose processing work (standard component can directly be purchased from market), is bolted in clamping workpiece mechanism (shown in Fig. 7).The end face of clamping workpiece mechanism has a cylindrical boss 72b, restriction workpiece rotary freedom; Periphery has a bolt hole 72a, with workpiece circular arc face inclination angle at 45 °, limits moving axially of workpiece.For coordinating this clamping positioning requirements, workpiece end is provided with a clamping position (being comprised of flat boss 71c and elongate cylinder 71b), has a rectangular channel 71d, for circumferential registration on boss; On cylinder, there is an arc groove 71a for axial location, locked with bolt.This clamping workpiece mechanism operation is simple, and location is reliable, takes up room little.
Workpiece first being processed need to first start lathe coolant circulation system, guarantees that main shaft can run well by persistent high efficiency.As shown in Figure 4, its structure has comprised main shaft clamper, water jacket, water jacket end cap, water pump (not shown) etc. to the cooling system of main shaft.In Fig. 4, clamper front surface is provided with through hole, is the liquid coolant entrance of electric main shaft, and clamper end face is provided with a plurality of compared with small through hole, is the outlet of liquid coolant.Liquid coolant flows to water jacket through clamp device, finally by water jacket end cap, ejects, and as cutting-tool lubricant, cooling passage as shown in Figure 5.This cooling system has effectively utilized main shaft clamper inner space, has avoided the waste in space, cooling duct, alleviates lathe weight, compression lathe spatial volume.
Because the cooperation between main shaft and clamper has been not hermetic, liquid coolant flows and may cause leaked liquid or liquid to flow into the phenomenon of electric main shaft inside between the two, and these phenomenons can cause inestimable lathe accident or personnel's accident.For convenient this sealing problem that solves, the present invention has adopted barotropic gas sealing system, and this system just opened a through hole 25d on clamp device, as shown in Figure 4.Only a through hole has just replaced the sealing use of equipment and the design of sealing device, has simplified lathe mechanism and Machine Tool design workload.Before starting lathe cooling system, must first open lathe positive seal system, be about to barotropic gas and pass into clamper inside by clamper through hole 25d.
Automaticity of the present invention is high, easy to operate, can automatic tool changer during processing parts, and one time clamping workpiece just can complete all manufacturing procedures.For realizing automatic tool changer function, lathe has configured tool magazine system, as shown in Figure 6.Tool magazine system primary structure comprises knife rest, cutter holder (position for tool storage in tool magazine is called cutter holder), cutter, motor and actuating device.Knife rest is connected with motor by shaft coupling, by step motor drive knife rest, is stretched; Cutter holder is installed for mounting cutter on knife rest.Cutter holder is divided into left and right two row, is respectively left and right two main shafts cutter is provided.Artificial tooth is repaired the course of processing and is only had roughing and polish two step operations, and therefore every row have only configured two cutters, and the cutter of Φ 1, Φ 2 is installed respectively.This tool magazine system structure is very simple, and this depends on the structural design of cutter holder and cutter completely, as shown in Figure 7,8.The advantage of cutter holder 72 and cutter 21 structural designs is the design of its location and clamp mechanism.Cutter holder 72 and cutter 21 position with a face of cylinder and a plane that (face of cylinder in cutter holder and plane are respectively face of cylinder 72b and the indicated plane of 71c indicated in Fig. 7, and the face of cylinder in cutter and plane are respectively face of cylinder 21a and the indicated medial surface of 21c indicated in Fig. 8.The clamp mechanism of cutter holder 54 and cutter 21 is by forming with steel ball 54c, spring 54d and bolt (not shown), its operation principle is for when cutter maximum gauge place contacts with steel ball, Compress Spring, when cutter arrives cutter holder bottommost, springback is locked fixing by cutter, and steel ball 54c and spring 54d are bolted together in bolt hole.
After cutter, liquid coolant and positive seal are ready, lathe just can enter automatic machining state, and the two main shafts of lathe are processed part is two-sided simultaneously.In order to guarantee the machining accuracy of lathe, the present invention has taked following solution.On the one hand, main shaft is selected high-speed electric main shaft.Electricity main shaft has been simplified the drive mechanism of motor-driven knife, makes lathe volume little, lightweight, the more important thing is and has eliminated driving error; On the other hand, during installation, main shaft clamper endoporus has very high axiality, has guaranteed that two main-shaft axis height are concentric.Main shaft height has been guaranteed with one heart that workpiece is two-sided and has been added being identical of interface in man-hour, guaranteed crudy.
For solving another behave of machine finish problem, it is the design of symmetrical structure.The first point, the distributed architecture of the symmetrical formula of two X-axis.As mentioned above, X-axis distributes about Z axis symmetrical expression, and this structure can effectively reduce the machine vibration that adds man-hour, reduces the stressed flexural deformation of part one side, has improved machining accuracy.Second point, the symmetrical expression cutter rail of feed mechanism motion platform.Each mobile platform has two moving guide rails that are parallel to each other, and guide rail is distributed in the both sides of turn-screw, and symmetrical.When this guide rail structure can guarantee to process, motion platform both sides are stressed evenly, and steadily, machine vibration is little in motion, guarantees machining accuracy.
In order to guarantee higher machining accuracy, for the hard crisp characteristic of artificial tooth repair materials, machining tool of the present invention adopts grinding type processing technique.The cutter that lathe uses is the bulb needle-like cutter of diamond abrasive grain coating, and Roughing and fine machining cutter separately, is respectively the ball head knife of Φ 2, Φ 1.Tool grinding amount is little, and rotating speed is high, is applicable to the processing of hard-brittle material, and machined surface quality is smooth, meets the required precision of mouth mending material completely.
The assurance of machining accuracy of the present invention is also the design of drive mechanism.Each motion of lathe adopts Timing Belt transmitting movement, and its advantage is motor mounting space freely, and complete machine weight is light, and transmission efficiency is high, and while the most important thing is high speed rotating, machine vibration is little, and transmission stability is good, and machine finish is high.
Part that the present invention does not relate to as electric control system, data acquisition and display etc. all the prior art that maybe can adopt same as the prior art realized.
Claims (5)
1. a micro double-spindle false tooth repair machine, it comprises base (40) and is arranged on the first electric chief axis system (20), the second electric chief axis system (90), electric box (10) and the workpiece rotating mechanism (70) on base (40), it is characterized in that described the first axis system (20) and the second axis system (90) are coaxial line and arrange, the upper cutter of installing of the first electric chief axis system (20) and the second electric chief axis system (90) and the upper workpiece of installing of workpiece rotating mechanism (70) all stretch in processing space (60) and are horizontal plane at right angle setting, described the first electric chief axis system (20) and the second electric chief axis system (90) are installed on X axis feed mechanism (30) separately, it is upper that described workpiece rotating mechanism (70) is arranged on Y-axis feed mechanism (100), and it is upper that Y-axis feed mechanism (100) is arranged on Z axis feed mechanism (120), and Z axis feed mechanism (120) is arranged on base (40), tool magazine system (50) is also installed on described Y-axis feed mechanism (100), described workpiece rotating mechanism (70) is arranged on the Y-direction planker (103) in described Y-axis feed mechanism (100), workpiece (71) is arranged on workpiece rotating shaft (75) by workpiece assembling seat (72), one end of workpiece rotating shaft (75) is bearing on Y-direction planker (103) by bearing, the other end rotates shaft coupling (73) by workpiece and is connected with workpiece Spin Control motor (74), and workpiece Spin Control motor (74) is fixed on on the whole support (76) being connected of Y-direction planker (103), the end face of described workpiece assembling seat (72) is provided with the mount pad plane of orientation (72b) that the workpiece plane of orientation (71c) with workpiece (71) matches, a side at mount pad plane of orientation (72b) is provided with Workpiece clamping bolt hole (72a), the work that workpiece (71) is provided with corresponding location for bolt insertion clamps position (71a), and mount pad plane of orientation (72b) is provided with the circumferential positioning boss of workpiece (72c) matching with the circumferential locating slot of workpiece (71d), described tool magazine system (50) is also arranged on the Y-direction planker (103) in described Y-axis feed mechanism (100), cutter (21) is placed on swaging clamp piece (54), swaging clamp piece (54) is arranged on knife rest (53), knife rest (53) is connected with tool magazine motion screw mandrel (52) through the pilot hole on Y-direction planker (103), tool magazine motion screw mandrel (52) is controlled motor (51) with tool magazine and is connected, tool magazine is controlled motor (51) and is driven tool magazine motion screw mandrel (52) to rotate, tool magazine motion screw mandrel (52) by thread belt movable knife rack (53) thus in pilot hole, move and drive swaging clamp piece (54) to shift to or move apart the first electric chief axis system (20) or the second electric chief axis system (90) is realized automatic tool changer, described swaging clamp piece (54) is by U-shaped draw-in groove (54a), positioning ball (54c) and spring (54d) form, swaging clamp spot size on the knife bar of the circular arc-shaped bottom portion size of U-shaped draw-in groove (54a) and cutter (21) matches, steel ball (54c) is arranged in a side of U-shaped draw-in groove (54a) and offsets with one end of spring (54d), when cutter (21) is pressed into U-shaped draw-in groove (54a), the circumference compressing steel ball (54c) of knife bar enters in installing hole, after knife bar is press-fit into place, steel ball (54c) ejects and is pressed on the periphery of knife bar under the effect of spring (54d), knife bar is positioned in U-shaped draw-in groove (54a).
2. micro double-spindle false tooth repair machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described X axis feed mechanism (30) is by X-direction screw mandrel (32), X-direction feed screw nut (33), X-direction feed screw nut bearing (34), X-direction guide rail (35), X-direction feeding motor (36), X-direction synchronizing wheel (37), X-direction Timing Belt (38) and X-direction slide block (39) form, described X-direction guide rail (35) and X-direction feeding motor (36) are fixedly mounted on base (40), X-direction feeding motor (36) drives X-direction feed screw nut (33) and X-direction feed screw nut bearing (34) to move when driving X-direction screw mandrel (32) to rotate by X-direction synchronizing wheel (37) and X-direction Timing Belt (28), thereby drive the first electric chief axis system (20) or the second electric chief axis system (90) the X-direction guide rail (35) under the constraint of X-direction slide block (39) that are connected with X-direction feed screw nut bearing (34) mobile.
3. micro double-spindle false tooth repair machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described the first electric chief axis system (20) is identical with the structure of the second electric chief axis system (90), they include electric main shaft (26), electricity main shaft clamper (25) and water jacket (24), described electric main shaft (26) is arranged on electric main shaft clamper (25), electricity main shaft clamper (25) is arranged on planker (27), planker (27) is arranged on the X-direction slide block (29) and X-direction feed screw nut bearing (34) of X axis feed mechanism (30), water jacket (24) is arranged on the cutter holding end of electric main shaft (26), in the end of electric main shaft (26), water jacket end cap (23) is installed, water jacket end cap (23) is provided with hole for water spraying (22), the intracavity inter-connection of the water inlet end of hole for water spraying (22) and water jacket (24), the cooling liquid inlet (25a) of water jacket (24) is positioned on electric main shaft clamper (25), on main shaft clamper (25), be also provided with and prevent that cutting and liquid coolant from entering the positive seal gas feed (25d) in water jacket, positive seal gas feed (25d) is connected with air pump by pipeline.
4. micro double-spindle false tooth repair machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described Z axis feed mechanism (120) comprises Z-direction feeding motor (121), Z-direction planker (122) and Z-direction guide rail (123), the L-shaped structure of Z-direction planker (122), Z-direction planker (122) is arranged on Z-direction guide rail (123) by Z-direction slide block (124), Z-direction feeding motor (121) drives Z-direction leading screw to rotate by Timing Belt, Z-direction leading screw drives Z-direction nut (125) to move and then drives Z-direction planker (122) mobile along guide rail (123) under the constraint of Z-direction slide block (124).
5. micro double-spindle false tooth repair machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described Y-axis feed mechanism (100) comprises Y-direction motor (101), Y-direction guide rail (102) and Y-direction planker (103), Y-direction motor (101) is arranged on the Z-direction planker (122) of Z axis feed mechanism (120), when being movably arranged on Y-direction guide rail (102) by slide block (104), Y-direction planker (103) is connected with Y-direction feed screw nut, Y-direction feed screw nut is connected with Y-direction screw mandrel, Y-direction screw mandrel is connected with the synchronizing wheel on Y-direction motor (101) by Timing Belt, Y-direction motor (101) drives synchronizing wheel to rotate, synchronizing wheel drives Timing Belt to rotate, Timing Belt drives Y-direction leading screw to rotate, Y-direction leading screw drives Y-direction nut to move, Y-direction nut drives Y-direction planker (103) to move up and down on Y-direction guide rail (102).
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CN102871751B (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2015-07-15 | 常州特舒隆机电设备有限公司 | Artificial tooth machining machine |
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CN111956349A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-11-20 | 温静 | Digital dental prosthesis manufacturing equipment |
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