CN102520441B - Method for acquiring earthquake exploration data through roadway oriented detection - Google Patents
Method for acquiring earthquake exploration data through roadway oriented detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN102520441B CN102520441B CN 201110389556 CN201110389556A CN102520441B CN 102520441 B CN102520441 B CN 102520441B CN 201110389556 CN201110389556 CN 201110389556 CN 201110389556 A CN201110389556 A CN 201110389556A CN 102520441 B CN102520441 B CN 102520441B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for acquiring earthquake exploration data through roadway oriented detection, wherein the method comprises the following steps: sensor strings are arranged in an oriented drill hole, and at least two elastic wave excitation points are distributed around the drill hole; one elastic wave excitation point is hammered by a seismic source hammer, single-time excitation acquisition records are completed by multi-channel earthquake signal acquisition apparatuses, repetitive sampling and superposing are realized through multiple excitation on the same elastic wave excitation point, and superposition data and coordinates of the excitation point and a receiving point are stored together after the acquisition is ended; excitation is carried out on other elastic wave excitation points distributed around the drill hole, the acquisition process is repeated, and another shot set record excited by the elastic wave excitation points is formed; and an oriented detection earthquake exploration data set is constituted by a plurality of shot set records, which are generated when multiple points with different coordinates near the mouth of the drill hole are excited and the sensor strings are fixedly arranged. The method disclosed by the invention is capable of realizing easy and effective acquisition. Acquired data information has a higher signal to noise ratio and a frequency band width and is convenient for subsequent travelling wave separation calculation and geophysical exploration detailed interpretation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of complete in tunnel seismic prospecting data collecting method, be adapted at using in latent disaster advanced prediction and mineral resources directional detection.
Technical background
In the underground mining and tunneling process of various mineral resources, the latent disaster that shaft and drift excavation the place ahead or surrounding exist is brought great threat to business property and employee's life, and the unfavorable structure of this class formation of marine disasters of accurate detection has huge realistic meaning.
As one of geophysical exploration method, be limited by the specific space condition of roadway, existing seismic prospecting directional detection collecting method has two classes, one class is to lay equidistant big gun hole along roadway trend at the roadway sidewall to lay explosive source, away from an end of face and arrange the rear in the big gun hole and lay receiving sensor, the forward probe such as the TSP series instrument that this quasi-instrument such as Switzerland An Boge company produce and domestic TGP system; Equations of The Second Kind is to lay sensor on a plurality of stationary coordinate points in the tunnel, and one or more excite the big gun collection record that obtains many big guns multisensor at tunnel face or sidewall, as the forward probe such as U.S. TRT and domestic TST system.Two class methods are all to utilize elastic wave to excite and anti-, scattering principle, upward traveling wave and descending wave field feature when wherein first kind method is transmitted towards roadway the place ahead according to elastic wave, adopt wave separation algorithm to carry out separation and Extraction to anti-, the scattered signal from the place ahead, for the reflection wave inversion interpretation provides more reliable data.But this method adopts to blow out and excites elastic wave, and operating efficiency is lower, and big gun collection record do not have repeatability, and nature can not repeatedly superpose.In addition, existing advanced prediction method only carries out for front of tunnel heading, and the tunnel space of certain-length need to be arranged, and for side or top, the detection at the end, data acquisition can't be carried out.
Single-point repeatedly excites and repeats to superpose is the effective means that improves the seismic prospecting data collecting quality, can disturb by Attenuating Random Noise, improves the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of signal.The elastic wave that different shot points excite, the structure reflectance signature in directional detection the place ahead is different, carried different information, so many big guns of multiple spot big gun collection set of records ends is conducive to meticulousr geologic interpretation precision.
The Roadway Leading Prospecting duration is tight, and detection accuracy requires high, and urgent hope improves operating efficiency with little focus or the non-mode of excitation of blowing out, and preferably can both survey or the hidden danger forecast the roadway surrounding that comprises face; Improve detection accuracy under the prerequisite that reduces not significantly investigation depth.And the authentic data of high-frequency wideband and high s/n ratio record is the crux that guarantees exploration effects.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can realizes the portable and effective collection in roadway, the data information that gathers has higher signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) and frequency span, is convenient to the subsequent rows wavelength-division from the directional detection seismic prospecting data collecting method of calculating and physical prospecting Fine structural interpretation.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, method for acquiring earthquake exploration data through roadway oriented detection provided by the invention is being surveyed operation side, and towards directional detection direction charity boring, the fixation of sensor string can be installed in the aperture of described boring; Uniformly-spaced serial arrangement is also adherent fixing in described boring for 3 sensor strings that form with upper sensor, and described sensor was ganged up multichannel signal transmssion line access multichannel seismic signal acquisition instrument; Lay at least two elastic wave shot points around described boring; Open multichannel seismic signal acquisition instrument and wait for sampling, elastic wave shot point of focus hammer hammering, excite compressional wave or the shear wave propagated to detection direction, the trigger that is arranged on described focus hammer provides synchronizing signal to pass through the signal line synchro to described multichannel seismic signal acquisition instrument, described multichannel seismic signal acquisition instrument begins to gather the Multi-path synchronous signal, completes the single-shot acquisition and recording; Repeatedly encourage on this same elastic wave shot point and realize repeated sampling and stack, after collection finishes, superposition of data and this shot point and acceptance point coordinate are stored in the lump, repeatedly excite the big gun collection record of stack as a bit; Excite on other elastic wave shot point of laying around described boring, the repeated acquisition process forms the big gun collection record that another one elastic wave shot point excites; A plurality of big gun collection records when the multi-point shooting that near the coordinate aperture of described boring is different, sensor string stationary arrangement form directional detection seismic exploration data collection.
The degree of depth of described boring is greater than 2 meters.
The elastic wave shot point of laying around described boring, described elastic wave shot point is positioned at the rear of described sensor string; Described sensor string is equidistantly adherent fixing in described boring towards the directional detection direction, is positioned at the place ahead of described elastic wave shot point.
Each described elastic wave shot point is provided with backing plate.
Described a plurality of shot point mode of excitation is generally the hammering focus, can repeatedly excite same point, forms the stack of big gun collection record; In particular cases, also can adopt explosive source, implement by multiple spot, gather many big guns big gun collection record, but so, can not form many big guns record on a shot point.
Adopt the method for acquiring earthquake exploration data through roadway oriented detection of technique scheme, many big guns of directional detection big gun collection set of records ends of implementing, both guaranteed that each big gun collection record can be by repeatedly stack, compacting is disturbed, and gives prominence to useful signal, has comprehensively improved frequency span and the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of useful signal, and the record of this acquisition method formation, fully obtained upward traveling wave signal and lower travelling wave signal, be convenient to extract reflection or the scattered signal of the place ahead objective body by going wavelength-division from algorithm; Owing to being multi-point shooting, many big guns big gun collection set of records ends has also been carried when exciting from different coordinate points, the place ahead structure hidden danger excitation produces to different directions reflection or scattered information, the geological data that therefore more is conducive to the later stage is processed and correct, meticulous GEOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION.
Advantage of the present invention is: implement directional drilling and lay the sensor string in directional drilling; Repeated acquisition repeatedly, vertical overlaying function; Strengthen feeble signal, improve signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) and frequency span; Avoid blowing out, operating efficiency is high; After the sensor string installs, can excitation, form abundant elastic wave record, be beneficial to accurately fixed the solution; Be convenient to the row wavelength-division from.
In sum, the present invention a kind ofly can effectively improve seismic prospecting directional detection acquisition and recording quality and quantity operational method; Repeatedly instigated recordings stack and two aspects of many focal points instigated recordings set have guaranteed effective enforcement of technical scheme from single-point.Multi-point shooting can be used construction light hammering focus and hammering retaining board, has avoided the adverse effect of explosive source, and maneuverability is large, and efficiency of the practice is high.Be suitable for infrastructure engineering and mineral products mining operation roadway hidden danger forward probe or the directional detection construction fields such as coal, metal and nonmetal such as subway, tunnel, also can be applicable to existing succeeding resources in large scale mine Exploration Domain.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 implements coordinate acquisition and focal point layout front elevation towards front of tunnel heading.
Fig. 3 simulates not single big gun 10 road big gun collection seismologic record sections of Noise.
Fig. 4 is superposeed single big gun 10 road big gun collection record sections of random noise of Fig. 3 section.
Fig. 5 is the big gun collection record section after 40 single big gun 10 road big gun collection shown in Figure 4 record superposed average.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to Fig. 1, realize the data acquisition of seismic prospecting directional detection, surveying operation side, hole 9 towards directional detection direction charity hole depth more than 2 meters, be advisable so that fixation of sensor string 10 can be installed in the aperture of boring 9; Being formed by miniature speed or acceleration transducer more than 3 is uniformly-spaced the sensor string 10 of 5～15 centimetres, sensor string 10 is connected with multichannel seismic signal acquisition instrument 1 by multiple signals transmission line 2, and hammering focus 5 trigger of being with 4 passes through signal line synchro 3 and is connected with road seismic signal acquisition instrument 1 the more.
Referring to Fig. 1, lay two to a plurality of elastic wave shot points around boring 9, and place the first backing plate 6 and the second backing plate 7 etc.; The elastic wave shot point is positioned at the rear of sensor string 10; Sensor string 10 is equidistantly adherent fixing in boring 9 towards the directional detection direction, is positioned at the place ahead of elastic wave shot point.Open multichannel seismic signal acquisition instrument 1 and wait for sampling, focus hammer 5 hammering the first backing plates 6, excite compressional wave or the shear wave propagated to detection direction, the trigger 4 that is arranged on focus hammer 5 provides synchronizing signal to pass through signal line synchro 3 to multichannel seismic signal acquisition instrument 1, multichannel seismic signal acquisition instrument 1 begins to gather the Multi-path synchronous signal, completes the single-shot acquisition and recording; Repeatedly encourage on this first backing plate 6 and realize repeated sampling and stack, after collection finishes, superposition of data and this shot point and acceptance point coordinate are stored in the lump, as some the big gun collection record that excites; Excite on as the second backing plate 7 at other elastic wave shot points of laying around boring 9, the repeated acquisition process forms the big gun collection record that some elastic wave shot points in addition excite; A plurality of big gun collection records when the multi-point shooting that near coordinate 9 apertures of holing is different, sensor string stationary arrangement form directional detection seismic exploration data collection.This many big guns collection log data set can be used as the accurate explanation raw data data of directional detection.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the implementation method of directional detection data acquisition is: select the boring point at the tunnel piercing face towards the face working direction, if its coordinate is (0,0,0), set up cartesian coordinate system, the face working direction is the x direction, direction is the z direction vertically upward, and horizontal direction is the y direction.Get out boring 9,350 centimetres of hole depths, 50 centimetres of diameters; Behind clear hole, 30 centimetres of space sensor strings 10 that the miniature acceleration sensor that 10 external diameters are 4 centimetres forms; Sensor string 10 is put into boring 9 and adherent fixing, and 1. its numbering and coordinate are followed successively by (50,0,0), 2. (80,0,0), 3. (110,0,0), 4. (140,0,0), 5. (170,0,0), 6. (200,0,0), 7. (230,0,0), 8. (260,0,0), 9. (290,0,0), 10. (320,0,0); The output signal of sensor string 10 is connected with seismic signal acquisition instrument 1 by transmission line 2; 4 of shot points are set around the aperture of boring 9, and numbering and coordinate are respectively I (100,200,0), II (0,0,150), III (50 ,-100,0), IV (0,0,100), unit is centimetre, wherein the x coordinate of four points is less than or equal to 0, and the expression shot point is positioned at sensor string rear; Lay backing plate on four focal points, sequentially respectively I, II, four focal points of III are implemented repeatedly to repeat to excite to gather and superpose to form four big gun collection records.This record is meticulous many big guns collection set of records ends that the directional detection subsequent treatment is explained use.
The signal that repeatedly repeats to superpose in conjunction with Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 instruction book shot point strengthens effect.Fig. 3 is single big gun 10 road big gun collection simulated seismogram sections of not Noise, and the sensor string 10 that receives signal is comprised of 10 sensors, and coordinate position is fixed, the peak swing of reflected signal is 0.5, as can be seen from Figure 3, shown in dotted line respectively to organize useful signal clear, better regularity; Fig. 4 is superposeed single big gun 10 road big gun collection record sections of random noise of Fig. 3 section, and the peak swing of random noise signal is 0.5, can find out, noise has almost completely flooded useful signal on this big gun composite section; Fig. 5 shown in Figure 4ly records big gun collection record section after superposed average with 40 single big gun 10 road big gun collection of focal point, and after stack, random noise is pressed and slackens, and the reflected signal that correlativity is good is highlighted, shown in dotted line respectively to organize useful signal clear.
Claims (1)
1. method for acquiring earthquake exploration data through roadway oriented detection, it is characterized in that: surveying operation side, towards directional detection direction charity boring (9), uniformly-spaced serial arrangement is also adherent fixing in described boring (9) for 3 sensor strings (10) that form with upper sensor, and described sensor string (10) is by multiple signals transmission line (2) access multichannel seismic signal acquisition instrument (1), lay at least two elastic wave shot points on every side in described boring (9), open multichannel seismic signal acquisition instrument (1) and wait for sampling, elastic wave shot point of focus hammer (5) hammering, excite compressional wave or the shear wave propagated to detection direction, the trigger (4) that is arranged on described focus hammer (5) provides synchronizing signal to pass through signal line synchro (3) to described multichannel seismic signal acquisition instrument (1), described multichannel seismic signal acquisition instrument (1) begins to gather the Multi-path synchronous signal, complete the single-shot acquisition and recording, repeatedly excitation realizes repeated sampling and stack on this same elastic wave shot point, after gathering end, superposition of data and this shot point and acceptance point coordinate are stored in the lump, as some the big gun collection record that repeatedly excites, excite on other elastic wave shot point that described boring (9) is laid on every side, the repeated acquisition process forms the big gun collection record that another one elastic wave shot point excites, a plurality of big gun collection records when the multi-point shooting that near the coordinate aperture of described boring (9) is different, sensor string stationary arrangement form directional detection seismic exploration data collection, the degree of depth of described boring (9) is greater than 2 meters, at the elastic wave shot point that described boring (9) is laid on every side, described elastic wave shot point is positioned at the rear of described sensor string (10), described sensor string (10) is equidistantly adherent fixing in described boring (9) towards the directional detection direction, is positioned at the place ahead of described elastic wave shot point, and each described elastic wave shot point is provided with backing plate.
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| CN 201110389556 CN102520441B (en) | 2011-11-30 | 2011-11-30 | Method for acquiring earthquake exploration data through roadway oriented detection |
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| CN 201110389556 CN102520441B (en) | 2011-11-30 | 2011-11-30 | Method for acquiring earthquake exploration data through roadway oriented detection |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105738942A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-07-06 | 东北大学 | Mine rock structure evolution three-dimension continuous exploration system and method for exploitation process |
| CN106990431B (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2023-08-15 | 国家***第一海洋研究所 | Offshore bottom hydrate detection system |
| CN108761534B (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2024-03-29 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | New method for applying land seismic acceleration signal |
| CN108957521B (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2020-06-02 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Long-distance three-dimensional advanced geological prediction method for tunnel |
| CN111090120B (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2022-04-19 | 核工业井巷建设集团有限公司 | Underwater tunnel water detection method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5614670A (en) * | 1993-10-29 | 1997-03-25 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Movable seismic pavement analyzer |
| CN201037869Y (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2008-03-19 | 王文祥 | Passive lane/tunnel lead detector |
| CN101581789A (en) * | 2009-06-23 | 2009-11-18 | 刘盛东 | Mine working face inter-lane seismic wave CT detection method |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5614670A (en) * | 1993-10-29 | 1997-03-25 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Movable seismic pavement analyzer |
| CN201037869Y (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2008-03-19 | 王文祥 | Passive lane/tunnel lead detector |
| CN101581789A (en) * | 2009-06-23 | 2009-11-18 | 刘盛东 | Mine working face inter-lane seismic wave CT detection method |
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