CN102519846B - Hyperspectrum-based composite insulator hydrophobicity detection method - Google Patents
Hyperspectrum-based composite insulator hydrophobicity detection method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a hyperspectrum-based composite insulator hydrophobicity detection method. The method comprises the following steps: 1, imaging an original composite insulator by a hyperspectral imager before water spraying, acquiring the image before the water spraying, spraying water by an aircraft, and rapidly acquiring the image after the water spraying; 2, extracting spectral characteristics of globules and water marks; and 3, comparing the characteristics with standard grades to determine the hydrophobicity grade of the original composite insulator. According to the invention, the onsite online detection of the hydrophobicity of the composite insulator can be realized without dismounting the composite insulator; and the hydrophobicity grade of the composite insulator is determined by a computer not a human, so the error caused by subjectivity is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator detection method, belong to the power transmission and transforming equipment running status and overhaul the field, relate in particular to a kind of Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator detection method based on high spectrum, can on-the-spotly carry out hydrophobic nature to the composite insulator water spray and detect, needn't dismantle composite insulator.
Background technology
Composite insulator has good anti-fouling flashover performance, is not easy breakdownly, and the problems such as cluster parachute self-destruction of null value, low value and the glass insulator of porcelain insulator can not occur.The eighties in 20th century, China experts and scholars have launched the research and development to composite insulator on the basis of drawing external experience, and mid-term, sample dropped into trial run the latter stage eighties.At the beginning of the nineties, pollution flashover accident appears in various places in succession, and because anti-pollution characteristic is good, composite insulator is put into linked network and uses.To the end of the year 1994, the composite insulator of hanging net operation reaches 50,000.Since then, composite insulator networking quantity rapidly increases: nineteen ninety-five is 100,000, and 1998 is 460,000, and calendar year 2001 is 1,600,000, and hanging net operation had reached 3,000,000 in 2005.End in Dec, 2010, the 66kV of State Grid Corporation of China's administration and above circuit account for electric pressure circuit all types of the same race at 37.02% of fortune insulator number at fortune composite insulator number.
From present ruuning situation, the operational reliability of composite insulator is better than porcelain insulator and glass insulator.But, along with the increase of the operation time limit, umbrella cover material embrittlement, sclerosis, efflorescence, cracking, core exposure, partial discharge phenomenon appears in insulating surface, and hydrophobicity performance the problem such as weakens and highlights gradually.Insulator not only will play insulating effect to electrical equipment or conductor, also will play fixedly suspension effect, and deteriorated insulator will threaten the safe operation of electrical network.
Experts and scholars have launched large quantity research to the detection method of insulator both at home and abroad, existing composite insulator detection method has contact, contactless, wherein the contact measurement method comprises voltage distribution, short-circuit fork method, sparking distance method, photo-electric test rod method, sound pulse detection method, Leakage Current mensuration, and the non-contact detection method comprises ultrasonic Detection Method, laser-Doppler vibratory drilling method, infrared measurement of temperature method, corona video camera method, sonic detection and radiowave detection method.The contact measurement method need to manually be stepped on the tower operation, is not suitable for Site Detection.In the non-contact detection method, most methods only to fault detect successfuls a certain or that certain is several, still the fault of other types is difficult to detect, and equipment needed thereby are expensive, and it is not very desirable detecting effect.
The external insulation material of composite insulator is take silicon rubber as main, because silastic material has hydrophobic nature, so composite insulator has hydrophobic nature and migration of hydrophobicity, has good anti-fouling flashover performance.Yet the anti-fouling flashover performance of composite insulator can change along with the change of its hydrophobicity performance, and hydrophobic nature is subjected to the impact of surrounding environment and the operation time limit, therefore will carry out to the composite insulator of different running statuses hydrophobic nature and detect.The method that hydrophobic nature is measured is main: contact angle method, water spray stage method, hydrophobic nature indicator function method.The measuring accuracy of contact angle method is the highest, but can only carry out in the laboratory, is not suitable for Site Detection.The operation of water spray stage method fast, simply also is not suitable for Site Detection.Hydrophobic nature indicator function method is study hotspot in recent years, utilizes digital image processing techniques to judge Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator, and execute-in-place is simple, and post-processed is complicated, also is at present conceptual phase.In sum, existing Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator detection method is only suitable for carrying out in the laboratory mostly, is not suitable for on-the-spot band electro-detection, and the hydrophobic nature of composite insulator detects and lacks suitable in-situ check and test method and device.
The bibliographical information of relevant this respect for example application number is the utility model patent of the charged detector of liquid crystal picture demonstration high voltage composite insulators by name of 200520006400.X, a kind of device with electro-detection high voltage composite insulators defective is disclosed, conductive defect, the inside that can identify charged composite insulator come to nothing and composite insulator string in low null value insulation.Yet above-mentioned patent does not relate to the detection method of the hydrophobic nature of Site Detection composite insulator.
In view of this, be necessary to provide a kind of Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator detection method based on high spectrum, hydrophobic nature that can the Site Detection composite insulator needn't be dismantled composite insulator.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is: for the deficiency of prior art existence, a kind of method that provides Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator to detect, the hydrophobicity performance that can be used for composite insulator in detection line is if hydrophobicity loss should in time be changed composite insulator.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator detection method based on high spectrum, it is characterized in that, and comprise the following steps:
1) obtain the Hyperspectral imaging of the front composite insulator of water spray: to the front original composite insulator imaging of spraying water, obtain the Hyperspectral imaging of the front composite insulator of water spray with hyperspectral imager;
2) water spray: utilize aircraft that composite insulator is sprayed water;
3) obtain the Hyperspectral imaging of the rear composite insulator of water spray: to the composite insulator imaging after spraying water, obtain the Hyperspectral imaging of the rear composite insulator of water spray with hyperspectral imager;
4) extract the spectral signature of the globule, water mark: its step comprises pre-service, changes detection, edge extracting, extraction feature;
5) judge hydrophobicity rank: the composite insulator of selection standard hydrophobic nature classification grade HC1 ~ 7 grades, extract the globule of standard grading, the feature of water mark, obtain the spectral signature classification of HC1 ~ 7 grade correspondence, standard grading according to spectral signature is classified to the globule, the water mark feature of target composite insulator, the hydrophobicity rank of target composite insulator belongs to the grade scale the most similar to its globule, water mark feature, thereby judges the hydrophobicity rank of target composite insulator.
Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator detection method based on high spectrum as above, it is characterized in that, in step 4), pre-service comprises respectively the composite insulator Hyperspectral imaging after the composite insulator Hyperspectral imaging before spraying water and water spray is carried out pre-service, comprises geometry correction, filtering and noise reduction, radiant correction.
Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator detection method based on high spectrum as above, it is characterized in that, change to detect in step 4) is to utilize before and after water spray that on image, different spectral characteristics changes detection, the curve of spectrum of composite insulator same position cluster parachute before and after relatively spraying water, define in the anhydrous water situation, the wave band of curve of spectrum difference maximum carries out difference with the image before and after this wave band water spray and calculates, and generates gray-scale map.
Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator detection method based on high spectrum as above, it is characterized in that, in step 4), the method for edge extracting is: gray-scale map is carried out edge extracting with the Canny operator, level and smooth with Gaussian filter, use the edge of 4 mask detection levels, vertical and diagonal, the direction of each some brightness gradient map and brightness step in the generation image is carried out non-maximum value to gradient magnitude and is suppressed, and detects and is connected the edge with the dual threshold algorithm.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: common hydrophobic nature mensuration all can only carry out in the laboratory, and the present invention can detect the hydrophobic nature of composite insulator in the scene online, needn't dismantle composite insulator; The hydrophobic nature classification of composite insulator has reduced by computer-made decision rather than people the error that subjectivity is brought.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the Technology Roadmap based on the Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator detection method of high spectrum of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the enforcement block diagram that obtains the front composite insulator Hyperspectral imaging of water spray in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the enforcement block diagram that obtains the rear composite insulator Hyperspectral imaging of water spray in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the method block diagram that extracts the globule, water mark spectral signature in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator detection method hydrophobicity rank decision flowchart based on high spectrum of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to understand better the present invention, further illustrate content of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention not only is confined to the following examples.Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalent form of values are equally within the listed claims limited range of the application.
description of symbols in accompanying drawing: 1-obtains the Hyperspectral imaging before water spray, 2-obtains the Hyperspectral imaging after water spray, 3-extracts the globule, water mark feature, 4-judges hydrophobicity rank, 1.1-composite insulator, 1.2-hyperspectral imager, 1.3-the composite insulator Hyperspectral imaging before water spray, 2.1-aircraft, 2.2-the Hyperspectral imaging of composite insulator after water spray, 3.1-pre-service, detect 3.2-change, 3.3-edge extracting, 3.4-extraction feature, 4.1-the target composite insulator globule, the feature of water mark, 4.2-the composite insulator of standard hydrophobic nature classification grade HC1 ~ 7 grades, 4.3-extract the globule of standard grading, the feature of water mark, 4.4-HC1 the spectral signature classification of ~ 7 grades of correspondences, 4.5-classification, 4.6-judge the hydrophobicity rank of target composite insulator.
Principle of work of the present invention: water can present different states in the different compound inslation sub-surface of hydrophobicity rank, at the good compound inslation sub-surface of hydrophobicity performance, the clear-cut of the globule; In the poor compound inslation sub-surface of hydrophobicity performance, globule out-of-shape, soft edge, or join together.When obtaining the compound inslation sub-image with general camera, in the time of having the image of the globule to input computing machine again, due to equipment, the factor impact such as artificial, picture quality is not high.The globule transparency is high, and on the image that general camera is taken out, the globule may be less with the gray scale difference of composite insulator background, and the globule causes not reaching good globule recognition effect to a side meeting Relative Fuzzy of light.What hyperspectral imager obtained is the spectral information of compound inslation sub-surface, the spectral reflectivity of water and organic material is different, therefore, the compound inslation sub-surface has water different with the radiation information that there is not the water two states, can analyze with Hyperspectral imaging the water mark situation of compound inslation sub-surface.Simultaneously, the distribution situation of composite insulator surface water can show on Hyperspectral imaging, according to the distribution situation of the textural characteristics judgement globule, water mark, thus the hydrophobicity rank of definite composite insulator.
Fig. 1 is techniqueflow chart of the present invention, at first will be with hyperspectral imager to the front original composite insulator imaging of spraying water, obtain the front image 1 of water spray, water spray, obtain rapidly the image 2 after water spray, then extract the spectral signature 3 of the globule, water mark, last and standard grading is relatively determined the hydrophobicity rank of former composite insulator.
Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator detection technique based on high spectrum provided by the invention, at first with hyperspectral imager directly to the composite insulator imaging, obtain the Hyperspectral imaging of the composite insulator of not spraying water.Then obtain the rear composite insulator Hyperspectral imaging of water spray, implement block diagram as shown in Figure 3.After utilizing 2.1 pairs of composite insulators 1.1 of aircraft to spray water, use rapidly the composite insulator imaging after 1.2 pairs of water sprays of hyperspectral imager.In this process, the invariant position of hyperspectral imager, composite insulator before and after needing to guarantee to spray water.
Fig. 4 is the method for extracting the globule, water mark spectral signature in Fig. 1.Respectively the composite insulator Hyperspectral imaging 1.3 before spraying water and the composite insulator Hyperspectral imaging 2.2 after water spray are carried out pre-service, comprise geometry correction, denoising, radiant correction.Then, utilize before and after water spray on image different spectral characteristics to change and detect 3.2, relatively the curve of spectrum of composite insulator same position cluster parachute before and after the water spray, define in the anhydrous water situation wave band of curve of spectrum difference maximum; Image before and after this wave band water spray is carried out difference calculate, generate gray-scale map.Then, gray-scale map is carried out edge extracting 3.3 with the Canny operator, level and smooth with Gaussian filter, use the edge of 4 mask detection levels, vertical and diagonal, generate the direction of each some brightness gradient map in image and brightness step; Gradient magnitude is carried out non-maximum value suppress, detect and be connected the edge with the dual threshold algorithm.At last, extract the feature 3.4 of the globule, water mark, the present invention adopts existing Shape Factor Method to calculate the shape information of the globule, and form factor is shown below:
The present invention judges that the core concept of hydrophobicity rank is the standard composite insulator contrast with composite insulator and the known hydrophobicity rank of unknown hydrophobicity rank,, as foundation the spectral signature of the globule, water mark on the composite insulator of unknown hydrophobicity rank is classified with the spectral signature of the globule, water mark on the composite insulator of standard hydrophobicity rank.
Fig. 5 is hydrophobicity rank decision flowchart of the present invention.At first choose the standard composite insulator of known hydrophobicity rank, hydrophobicity rank has HC1 ~ 7 grade, and the standard composite insulator of choosing has 7.Obtain the image of the composite insulator of standard class with hyperspectral imager, then extract the spectral signature of the globule on it, water mark.Its process is similar to the treatment scheme of Fig. 4, first pre-service, and edge extracting then, then extract the globule of standard grading, the spectral signature of water mark, obtain the spectral signature classification of HC1 ~ 7 grade correspondence.Standard grading according to spectral signature is classified to the globule, the water mark feature of target composite insulator, and the hydrophobicity rank of target composite insulator belongs to the grade scale the most similar to its globule, water mark feature.
The content that is not described in detail in this instructions belongs to the known prior art of this area professional and technical personnel.
Claims (4)
1. the Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator detection method based on high spectrum, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) obtain the Hyperspectral imaging of the front composite insulator of water spray: to the front original composite insulator imaging of spraying water, obtain the Hyperspectral imaging of the front composite insulator of water spray with hyperspectral imager;
2) water spray: utilize aircraft that composite insulator is sprayed water;
3) obtain the Hyperspectral imaging of the rear composite insulator of water spray: to the composite insulator imaging after spraying water, obtain the Hyperspectral imaging of the rear composite insulator of water spray with hyperspectral imager;
4) extract the spectral signature of the globule, water mark: its step comprises pre-service, changes detection, edge extracting, extraction feature;
5) judge hydrophobicity rank: the composite insulator of selection standard hydrophobic nature classification grade HC1 ~ 7 grades, obtain the image of the composite insulator of standard class with hyperspectral imager, then according to above-mentioned steps 4) extract the globule on it, the spectral signature of water mark, obtain the spectral signature classification of HC1 ~ 7 grade correspondence, according to the standard grading of the spectral signature globule to the target composite insulator, water mark feature is classified, the hydrophobicity rank of target composite insulator belongs to and its globule, the most similar grade scale of water mark feature, thereby judge the hydrophobicity rank of target composite insulator.
2. the Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator detection method based on high spectrum according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 4), pre-service comprises respectively the composite insulator Hyperspectral imaging after the composite insulator Hyperspectral imaging before spraying water and water spray is carried out pre-service, comprises geometry correction, filtering and noise reduction, radiant correction.
3. the Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator detection method based on high spectrum according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, change to detect in step 4) is to utilize before and after water spray that on image, different spectral characteristics changes detection, the curve of spectrum of composite insulator same position cluster parachute before and after relatively spraying water, define in the anhydrous water situation, the wave band of curve of spectrum difference maximum carries out difference with the image before and after this wave band water spray and calculates, and generates gray-scale map.
4. the Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator detection method based on high spectrum according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, in step 4), the method for edge extracting is: gray-scale map is carried out edge extracting with the Canny operator, level and smooth with Gaussian filter, use the edge of 4 mask detection levels, vertical and diagonal, the direction of each some brightness gradient map and brightness step in the generation image is carried out non-maximum value to gradient magnitude and is suppressed, and detects and is connected the edge with the dual threshold algorithm.
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| CN102980838B (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2015-06-17 | 航天科工深圳（集团）有限公司 | Method for detecting hydrophobicity of insulator |
| CN103473557A (en) * | 2013-09-02 | 2013-12-25 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Spatial-spectral integrated hyperspectral remote sensing image classification method |
| CN106546511B (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2022-04-05 | 国网河南省电力公司漯河供电公司 | Hydrophobicity detection method for vulcanized silicone rubber coating of power transmission line |
| CN106525663A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-03-22 | 国网河南省电力公司检修公司 | Composite insulator and vulcanized silicone rubber hydrophobicity detector based on multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN107219854A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-09-29 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of insulator hydrophobicity detection means and method based on unmanned plane |
| CN107464233B (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2021-11-05 | 国家电网公司 | Composite insulator image detection method and system based on Lab color mode |
| CN109060606A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2018-12-21 | 国网河南省电力公司濮阳供电公司 | A kind of Hydrophobicity of Composite Insulator grade intelligent decision method |
| CN110907450A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-03-24 | 国家电网有限公司 | Influence factor of hydrophobicity of composite insulator and correction method |
| CN111696060A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-09-22 | 国网新疆电力有限公司乌鲁木齐供电公司 | Method and system for online monitoring hydrophobicity of composite insulator |
| CN113798244A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-12-17 | 山东建筑大学 | Water spraying effect detection device, transformer substation water washing robot and method |
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