CN102513689B - In-situ filling keyhole-free friction-stir welding method - Google Patents
In-situ filling keyhole-free friction-stir welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102513689B CN102513689B CN201110412814.2A CN201110412814A CN102513689B CN 102513689 B CN102513689 B CN 102513689B CN 201110412814 A CN201110412814 A CN 201110412814A CN 102513689 B CN102513689 B CN 102513689B
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- inner sleeve
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Abstract
The invention discloses an in-situ filling keyhole-free friction-stir welding method for realizing friction-stir welding without treating a keyhole under a condition that a stirring tool is not moved, and belongs to the technical field of welding. The invention employs a segregated stirring tool, wherein a stirring needle and a shaft shoulder are separately designed, and the tool additionally comprises a constant-speed-rotating internal lantern ring capable of moving axially. In a welding process, a disc preinstallation metal homogeneous with a base material is preinstalled below the internal lantern ring; and the stirring tool stops progressing and the stirring needle starts to withdraw when the welding of a weld seam is finished, at which time the internal lantern ring is being rotatably pressed to fill the material beneath the internal lantern ring to the keyhole left by the stirring needle; and then the keyhole-free weld seam is obtained. The method of the invention is capable of realizing keyhole-free welding in situ, resolving a difficult problem of keyhole removal treatment of an unsealed weld seam.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to welding field is and in particular to a kind of agitating friction weldering side with original position keyhole removal treatment function
Method.
Background technology
In agitating friction weldering technical field, the exit aperture of mixing needle can be left generally at the end of welding in face of weld,
It is referred to as keyhole.In most of the cases, being generally not allowed face of weld has the presence of keyhole, and particularly sealing property being had will
The component asked.Therefore, it is necessary to process to the keyhole of agitating friction weldering.
Processing means currently for friction stir welding keyhole substantially have three kinds.The first is the most frequently used
Means, that is, pass through to arrange end tab outside welded piece, welding end point led to outer workpiece, finally leads to end tab
The means of over mechanical processing remove.The defect of this method be cannot be applied to girth welding, intermittent weld welding, that is, for because
Workpiece and weld seam are limited the situation that welding end point cannot be led to outer workpiece and can not be processed.
Second keyhole removal treatment means be terminated using welding after carry out the method for keyhole repair welding.Current repair welding measure
There are manual arc melting welding, friction spot welding, three kinds of friction plug weld.Arc fusion welding is organized as cast sturcture because of it, the forging with weld seam
Tissue is inconsistent, and easily defect when keyhole is deeper, the less application of the method；Friction spot welding and friction plug weld are all solid
Phase point interconnection technique, is first passed through and using mechanical means, material is preset in keyhole, then by solid phase spot-welding technology by its group
Knit and be changed into forging tissue.But both approaches are required to extra soldering appliance and welding sequence, improve manufacturing cost and life
The product cycle.Additionally, friction spot welding presently, there are the defect that Weak link easily in vertical interface, and large-size components are difficult to apply
Weldering；Friction plug weld then needs component to bear larger impulsive force, and this all limits the use of both approaches.
The third keyhole removal treatment means is the mixing needle pumpback formula no keyhole welding method of U.S. NASA exploitation.It is basic
Principle is that mixing needle and the shaft shoulder are separate design, and at the end of welding, stirring tool continues to move along, meanwhile, stirring
Pin gradually pumpback, and the shaft shoulder appropriately presses down, and finally obtains the weld seam of no keyhole.This keyhole removal treatment means is only for closed weld
For be effective because mixing needle pumpback section weld seam must be completed weld weld seam.For non-close weld seam,
The method cannot be carried out keyhole and processes.
In actual production process, there is very multimember welding seam design so that welding end point cannot be led to workpiece
Outside, also have simultaneously and much need the situation of discontinuous welding is carried out on a longer weld seam.For this kind of weld seam, because of agitating friction
The presence of weldering keyhole problem, limits the application of the method.Therefore, current produce reality is needed exploitation badly and is capable of in situ no spoon
The agitating friction weldering new method that eyelet welding connects.
Content of the invention
For the above-mentioned deficiency of existing keyhole removal treatment technology, the technical problem to be solved is to provide one kind new
The filling in situ of type no keyhole friction stir welding method, the inventive method solves traditional agitating friction welding technology and cannot realize breaking
Continuous weld seam, a no keyhole welding difficult problem for non-close weld seam.
The present invention is to realize keyhole removal treatment by the following method：A kind of filling in situ no keyhole agitating friction weldering side
Method, it, using the soldering appliance being made up of mixing needle, inner sleeve and the shaft shoulder, comprises the steps：
1) the preset metal preset with annulus of mother metal homogeneity in inner sleeve bottom, and entered using the tight fit frictional force with the shaft shoulder
Line position puts fixation；Mixing needle, the shaft shoulder and inner sleeve with identical rotary speed and axially push speed rotate simultaneously and axial direction under
Pressure, materials to be welded presses downwards formation keyhole in the rotation of mixing needle and axle, and the material around keyhole is in the presence of frictional heat
Enter mecystasises；
2) when the fully-inserted mother metal of mixing needle, stirring shaft shoulder metal preset with annulus is close to mother metal surface, continues rotation
Friction, the heat of generation makes the material around mixing needle enter mecystasises；
3) after forming appropriate plastic material around mixing needle, soldering appliance moves forward, and forms weld seam；
4) in weld seam end, soldering appliance stops moving, and keeps identical rotary speed to carry out spin friction, the shaft shoulder simultaneously
Rubbed in the original location, mixing needle keep spin friction while pumpback upwards, meanwhile inner sleeve axially push, will under
The plastic metal in portion is backfilled to the space that mixing needle pumpback stays, and obtains the weld seam of surface no keyhole, weld seam end is polished flat
Whole, complete the welding of whole piece weld seam.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned filling in situ of the present invention no keyhole friction stir welding method, mixing needle, inner sleeve and the shaft shoulder
Rotary speed is 1000～5000rpm.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned filling in situ of the present invention no keyhole friction stir welding method, step 4) in, the pumpback of mixing needle
Speed is mated based on the incompressible principle of material with the speed that pushes of inner sleeve, the keyhole cavity that is, mixing needle pumpback stays
The plastic material volume that volume should push equal to inner sleeve.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned filling in situ of the present invention no keyhole friction stir welding method, what inner sleeve axially pushed pushes
Amount is not more than 0.2mm.
The soldering appliance of the present invention is made up of the shaft shoulder, mixing needle and inner sleeve, and three has identical rotary speed, three
Combine in the normal welding stage, with traditional friction stir welding tools, there is identical function, realize the company to material
Connect.Its difference has been the weldering stage and has stopped the weldering stage, before welding, inner sleeve pumpback one segment distance upwards, stays the next one
Annular space, pumpback is relevant with the keyhole size left by mixing needle apart from size.This torus space needs a bushing phase
Same size and the preset metal ring of mother metal homogeneity.Afterwards, it is stirred under pin by the normal weld process of agitating friction weldering
Pressure, stop and welding.In the process, preset metal ring has been enter into mecystasises at high temperature.When stirring tool runs to
During weld seam end, stirring tool stops mobile but keeps rotation, now by controlling mixing needle to carry out pumpback, meanwhile, interior
The collar pushes, and preset metal ring is pressed to the keyhole space that mixing needle pumpback stays, when mixing needle is completely withdrawn from material
During surface, soldering appliance stops the rotation, and terminates welding process.Surfacing is can get no after weld seam end surface is polished
The weld seam of keyhole.
With respect to prior art, on the basis of traditional pumpback formula no keyhole welding method, being provided with can axle for the present invention
To the inner sleeve of movement, and in inner sleeve bottom preset homogenous metal annulus, stop the feelings of movement in weld seam end stirring tool
Realize under condition the filling of stirring keyhole is processed.This innovative design enable agitating friction weldering as other welding methods that
Sample, can realize no keyhole welding at an arbitrary position, considerably increase the motility of this welding method, interrupted especially for needing
, so that no keyhole is welded into possibility, this welding method has important engineering application value for weldering, the field of tack welding.
Brief description
Fig. 1-5 is filling in situ of the present invention no keyhole agitating friction weldering process schematic.
Wherein：1 is mixing needle；2 is inner sleeve；3 is the stirring shaft shoulder；4 is stir friction welding seam；5 is mother metal to be welded；6
For preset metal ring；7 is the preset metal entering mecystasises.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.These embodiments are interpreted as being only used for
The bright present invention rather than limit the scope of the invention.After having read the content of present invention record, art technology
Personnel can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalence changes and modification equally fall into the claims in the present invention and limited
Fixed scope.
As Figure 1-5, the filling in situ no keyhole welding method that the preferred embodiment of the present invention provides, walks including following
Suddenly：
1) the mixing needle insertion stage：In this stage, by preset for inner sleeve 2 bottom and mother metal 5 homogeneity metal ring 6, and
Carry out position using the tight fit frictional force with the shaft shoulder 3 to fix；Mixing needle 1 extension elongation is determined by welding workpiece wall thickness, now
Mixing needle 1, the shaft shoulder 3, inner sleeve 2 have identical rotary speed and axially push speed, this and traditional agitating friction weldering process
Similar, materials to be welded forms keyhole under the rotating down pressing of mixing needle 1, and the material around keyhole enters in the presence of frictional heat
Mecystasises.As shown in Figure 1.
2) the material plasticity stage：When mixing needle 1 fully-inserted mother metal, the stirring shaft shoulder 3 is close to preset metal ring 6
Mother metal surface, now keeps the spin friction of a period of time, produces enough heats and the material entrance around mixing needle is moulded
Character state, as shown in reference 7.As shown in Figure 2.
3) the normal weld stage：After mixing needle 1 surrounding forms a certain amount of plastic material, whole soldering appliance is together
Move forward, form weld seam, this stage is consistent with traditional agitating friction weldering process.As shown in Figure 3.
4) the keyhole removal treatment stage：In weld seam end, that is, when completing required fusion length, stirring tool stops row
Walk, but keep identical rotary speed to carry out spin friction, the shaft shoulder 3 is rubbed in the original location, mixing needle 1 is keeping spin friction
While with the pumpback upwards of certain speed, meanwhile inner sleeve 2 is axially pushed with certain speed, by the plasticity gold of bottom
Belong to and be backfilled to the space that mixing needle pumpback stays, as shown in Figure 4.Finally obtain the weld seam of surface no keyhole, as shown in figure 5, will
Weld seam end completes the welding of whole piece weld seam after polishing flat.
In the present embodiment, typical mixing needle 1, inner sleeve 2, the rotational velocity range of the shaft shoulder 3 are 1000～5000rpm,
The pumpback speed of mixing needle is mated based on the incompressible principle of material with the speed that pushes of inner sleeve, i.e. mixing needle pumpback is stayed
Under the plastic material volume that should push equal to inner sleeve of keyhole cavity volume.Face of weld allows there is local volume under pressure, allusion quotation
Type ground, volume under pressure is not more than 0.2mm.
In the present embodiment, the shaft shoulder 3 of soldering appliance, inner sleeve 2 and mixing needle 1 are separate design, but are driven by same motor
Dynamic, there is identical rotary speed, consistent with integrated stirring tool function during normal weld, during keyhole removal treatment, mixing needle
There is pumpback function, inner sleeve has axial direction and pushes function.
In the present embodiment, the pumpback campaign of mixing needle 1, the downward motion of inner sleeve 2, and both reseting movements, respectively
Controlled by two hydraulic pressure or servo motor driving device, and can setting speed and displacement.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of filling in situ no keyhole friction stir welding method, is characterized in that, forms using by mixing needle, inner sleeve and the shaft shoulder
Soldering appliance, comprise the steps：
1) the preset metal preset with annulus of mother metal homogeneity in inner sleeve bottom, and enter line position using the tight fit frictional force with the shaft shoulder
Put fixation；Mixing needle, the shaft shoulder and inner sleeve push speed and simultaneously rotate and axially push, quilt with identical rotary speed and axially
Wlding material presses downwards formation keyhole in the rotation of mixing needle and axle, and the material around keyhole enters in the presence of frictional heat and moulds
Character state；
2) when the fully-inserted mother metal of mixing needle, stirring shaft shoulder metal preset with annulus is close to mother metal surface, continues spin friction,
The heat producing makes the material around mixing needle enter mecystasises；
3) after forming appropriate plastic material around mixing needle, soldering appliance moves forward, and forms weld seam；
4) in weld seam end, soldering appliance stops moving, and keeps identical rotary speed to carry out spin friction, the shaft shoulder is former simultaneously
Position is rubbed, mixing needle pumpback upwards while keeping spin friction, and meanwhile inner sleeve axially pushes, by bottom
Plastic metal is backfilled to the space that mixing needle pumpback stays, and obtains the weld seam of surface no keyhole, weld seam end is polished flat, complete
Become the welding of whole piece weld seam；
Step 4) in, the pumpback speed of mixing needle is mated based on the incompressible principle of material with the speed that pushes of inner sleeve,
The plastic material volume that the keyhole cavity volume that i.e. mixing needle pumpback stays should push equal to inner sleeve；
The volume under pressure that inner sleeve axially pushes is not more than 0.2mm；
The pumpback campaign of mixing needle, the axial downward motion of inner sleeve, and both reseting movements, respectively by two hydraulic pressure or
Servo motor driving device controls, and can setting speed and displacement.
2. filling in situ according to claim 1 no keyhole friction stir welding method, is characterized in that, mixing needle, inner sleeve
Rotary speed with the shaft shoulder is 1000～5000rpm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110412814.2A CN102513689B (en) | 2011-12-12 | 2011-12-12 | In-situ filling keyhole-free friction-stir welding method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110412814.2A CN102513689B (en) | 2011-12-12 | 2011-12-12 | In-situ filling keyhole-free friction-stir welding method |
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| CN102513689A CN102513689A (en) | 2012-06-27 |
| CN102513689B true CN102513689B (en) | 2017-02-08 |
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| TWI487586B (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2015-06-11 | 國立中山大學 | Embedded type of friction stir welding tool with a probe |
| JP6516408B2 (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2019-05-22 | 株式会社Uacj | Metal foil lap joint method |
| CN104014926B (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2016-08-17 | 北京赛福斯特技术有限公司 | Aclinal is from upset agitating friction welding method and instrument |
| CN105127583B (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2017-10-03 | 长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy thick plate friction stir welding method |
| CN105108312A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-02 | 昆山斯格威电子科技有限公司 | Desk-type stirring friction point welding machine |
| CN107598357B (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2019-10-29 | 广东省焊接技术研究所（广东省中乌研究院） | One kind is with weldering filled type without keyhole friction stir welding method |
| CN112041111B (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2022-03-08 | 日本轻金属株式会社 | Method for manufacturing liquid cooling jacket |
| CN109551095A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-04-02 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of no keyhole agitating friction overlap joint spot welding method |
| CN109483044B (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-09-06 | 苏州市哈工万洲自动化有限公司 | It is a kind of to adapt to a variety of weld seam form dynamic dead axle shoulder stirring-heads |
| CN114173980A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2022-03-11 | 日本轻金属株式会社 | Bonding method |
| CN110576254B (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2021-08-06 | 武汉尚田工业科技有限公司 | Method for filling welding keyhole by using stirring friction |
| CN111531267A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-08-14 | 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 | Circular seam keyhole-free double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding method |
| CN111889873A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-11-06 | 上海畅桥真空***制造有限公司 | Welding joint and welding method for friction stir welding of vacuum cavity |
| CN111822846B (en) * | 2020-07-11 | 2021-08-10 | 宁波晶成机械制造有限公司 | Tail-hole-free welding method for target material assembly |
| CN114871564B (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2023-11-21 | 中南大学 | Material adding device and material adding method |
| CN116197519B (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-07-04 | 成都航空职业技术学院 | Backfill type friction stir welding method |
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| JP2001259863A (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2001-09-25 | Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd | Method of spot joining for aluminum alloy |
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