CN102510082A - Power-grid-friendly-type wind power generating set and control method thereof - Google Patents
Power-grid-friendly-type wind power generating set and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102510082A CN102510082A CN2011103308152A CN201110330815A CN102510082A CN 102510082 A CN102510082 A CN 102510082A CN 2011103308152 A CN2011103308152 A CN 2011103308152A CN 201110330815 A CN201110330815 A CN 201110330815A CN 102510082 A CN102510082 A CN 102510082A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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Abstract
The invention relates to a power-grid-friendly-type wind power generating set which comprises a wind wheel, a driving device, a permanent magnet synchronous motor and an electrically excited synchronous power generator, wherein the driving device is connected with the wind wheel; the permanent magnet synchronous motor and the electrically excited synchronous power generator are driven by the driving device; the total rated power of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is one third of the rated power of the wind power generating set; the rated power of the electrically excited synchronous power generator is two thirds of the rated power of the wind power generating set; the permanent magnet synchronous motor is electrically connected with a convertor which controls the operation state of the permanent magnet synchronous motor; according to the wind speed and the rotation speed of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, a control system of the convertor controls the permanent magnet synchronous motor to be used as an electric power generator or an electromotor respectively; and the electrically excited synchronous power generator is connected with an excitation control device which regulates the active power component or reactive power component that are output by the synchronous power generator. According to the invention, the stable junction of the wind power generator set and the power grid can be realized only through utilizing the convertor the power of which is equivalent to one third of that of the wind power generating set, and the cost is lower.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to grid type wind-driven generator technical group field, friendly type wind turbine generator of especially a kind of electrical network and control method thereof.
Background technology
The maximum problem of wind power generation is exactly unstable with being connected of electrical network; Make electrical network receive very big restriction to its admittance ability, emphasis shows that low-voltage is passed through, 5 aspects of remote adjustment of reliability, wind power prediction and meritorious and the reactive power of the quality of power supply, wind power generation.Pass through this situation to low-voltage, relatively the otherwise effective technique measure mainly contains following two kinds at present:
A kind of is to adopt synchronous generator or asynchronous generator to add the total power unsteady flow to be incorporated into the power networks; Another kind of mode is before synchronous generator, to add a stepless speed-regulating device; Make the rotating speed of synchronous generator keep constant, the synchronous generator function of wind-driven generator is directly generated electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems as hydraulic generator.
Adopt the total power unsteady flow to be incorporated into the power networks in the technique scheme and can greatly increase the manufacturing cost of wind turbine generator, its reliability also is affected and only can tackles the electric voltage dropping in the short time simultaneously.And the method that increases stepless speed-regulating device can make the structure of wind turbine generator driving-chain more complicated, and reduces the efficient and the reliability of unit.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is: overcome the deficiency of prior art, friendly type wind turbine generator of a kind of electrical network and control method thereof are provided, use lower cost to improve wind turbine generator and electrical network connection stability.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the friendly type wind turbine generator of a kind of electrical network; Comprise wind wheel, the transmission device that is connected with wind wheel, permagnetic synchronous motor, electric excitation synchronous generator by actuator drives; The total rated power of described permagnetic synchronous motor accounts for 1/3 of wind turbine generator rated power; The rated power of described electric excitation synchronous generator accounts for 2/3 of wind turbine generator rated power, and described permagnetic synchronous motor is electrically connected with the current transformer of control permagnetic synchronous motor operating state.
The control system of described current transformer is used as generator or motor respectively according to the rotating speed of wind speed and permagnetic synchronous motor control permagnetic synchronous motor, the power factor of described permagnetic synchronous motor described current transformer scalable permagnetic synchronous motor during as generator.
The structure of described transmission device is: described transmission device comprises power transmission shaft, gearbox; The power transmission shaft two ends connect wind wheel and gearbox respectively; The rear end of described gearbox is provided with rear power output shaft; The rear power output shaft of described gearbox is connected with electric excitation synchronous generator, and described permagnetic synchronous motor is connected with electric excitation synchronous generator is coaxial.
The structure of described transmission device is: described transmission device comprises power transmission shaft, gearbox; The power transmission shaft two ends connect wind wheel and gearbox respectively; The front end of described gearbox is provided with more than one preceding power output shaft; The rear end of described gearbox is provided with rear power output shaft, and more than one preceding power output shaft is connected with more than one permagnetic synchronous motor respectively, and described rear power output shaft is connected with electric excitation synchronous generator.
The quantity of described permagnetic synchronous motor is the 3-4 platform, and the quantity of described preceding power output shaft is identical with the quantity of permagnetic synchronous motor.
Described electric excitation synchronous generator is connected with the excitation controlling device of electric excitation synchronous generator active power of output component of adjustment or reactive power component.
A kind of control method of controlling the friendly type wind turbine generator of described electrical network is specially:
(1) behind the incision wind speed of wind speed greater than wind turbine generator; The control system control permagnetic synchronous motor of current transformer uses as generator; Permagnetic synchronous motor gets into generating state; To extraneous electrical network transmission of electric energy, the active power output component of the control system of current transformer control permagnetic synchronous motor also progressively increases the active power output component of permagnetic synchronous motor to permagnetic synchronous motor through current transformer, and electric excitation synchronous generator is in the no-load running state.
(2) after permagnetic synchronous motor reaches the rated power generating; At this moment; The rotating speed of permagnetic synchronous motor also reaches rated speed, and electric excitation synchronous generator and electrical network are connected, and electric excitation synchronous generator gets into generating state; The active power output of permagnetic synchronous motor reduced until stopping fully gradually when the generated output of electricity excitation synchronous generator progressively increased; The control system control permagnetic synchronous motor of current transformer used as motor when the active power output of permagnetic synchronous motor stopped, the control system control permagnetic synchronous motor output reactive power of current transformer, and permagnetic synchronous motor is by the rated speed operation.
(3) after electric excitation synchronous generator reaches the rated power generating; The control system control permagnetic synchronous motor of current transformer uses as generator once more; Permagnetic synchronous motor gets into generating state; Permagnetic synchronous motor passes through current transformer to extraneous electrical network transmission of electric energy; Electricity excitation synchronous generator and permagnetic synchronous motor are connected with excitation controlling device to the described electric excitation synchronous generator of extraneous grid generation simultaneously; Described excitation controlling device is overexcitation or normal excitation or underexcitation to the excitation mode of electric excitation synchronous generator, and when extraneous electric network electric voltage drop, excitation controlling device selects different excitation modes to adjust electric excitation synchronous generator active power of output component or reactive power component according to the requirement of external power scheduling.
Behind the cut-out wind speed of wind speed greater than wind turbine generator, permagnetic synchronous motor and electric excitation synchronous generator are all out of service.
Described electric excitation synchronous generator is connected with excitation controlling device; Described excitation controlling device is overexcitation or normal excitation or underexcitation to the excitation mode of electric excitation synchronous generator; When extraneous electric network electric voltage drop, excitation controlling device selects different excitation modes to adjust electric excitation synchronous generator active power of output component or reactive power component according to the requirement of external power scheduling.
In the step (2); The control system control permagnetic synchronous motor output reactive power of current transformer; Permagnetic synchronous motor is by after the rated speed operation; If the rotating speed of permagnetic synchronous motor is greater than the rated speed of permagnetic synchronous motor, the control system of current transformer control permagnetic synchronous motor sends corresponding active power makes the rotating speed of permagnetic synchronous motor return rated speed; If the rotating speed of permagnetic synchronous motor is less than the rated speed of permagnetic synchronous motor; The control system control permagnetic synchronous motor of current transformer sends corresponding reactive power makes the rotating speed of permagnetic synchronous motor return rated speed, thereby guarantees the stabilization of speed of permagnetic synchronous motor and electric excitation synchronous generator.
Behind the cut-out wind speed of wind speed greater than wind turbine generator, permagnetic synchronous motor and electric excitation synchronous generator are all out of service.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention only need use the current transformer that is equivalent to wind turbine generator 1/3 power can realize being connected with the stable of electrical network, and cost is lower.The control system of current transformer is used as generator and motor respectively at different rotating speed inner control permagnetic synchronous motor according to change of wind velocity.The invention enables wind turbine generator that the friendly of electrical network has been had raising further; Excitation controlling device selects different excitation modes to adjust electric excitation synchronous generator active power of output component or reactive power component according to the requirement of external power scheduling; Simultaneously; Current transformer control permagnetic synchronous motor is exported corresponding active power or reactive power component; Thereby electrical network is provided support, and the support of this form is superior to direct-driving type wind power generation unit of the prior art or double feed wind power generator group.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further specified.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment one of transmission device among the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment two of transmission device among the present invention;
Wherein: 1. power transmission shaft, 2. gearbox, 3. permagnetic synchronous motor, 4. electric excitation synchronous generator.
Embodiment
Combine accompanying drawing that the present invention is further described now.These accompanying drawings are the sketch map of simplification basic structure of the present invention only are described in a schematic way, so it only shows the formation relevant with the present invention.
The friendly type wind turbine generator of a kind of electrical network; Comprise wind wheel, the transmission device that is connected with wind wheel, permagnetic synchronous motor 3, electric excitation synchronous generator 4 by actuator drives; As shown in Figure 1; The embodiment one of transmission device: transmission device comprises power transmission shaft 1, gearbox 2, and power transmission shaft 1 two ends connect wind wheel and gearbox 2 respectively, and the rear end of gearbox 2 is provided with rear power output shaft; The rear power output shaft of gearbox 2 is connected with electric excitation synchronous generator 4, permagnetic synchronous motor 3 and electric 4 coaxial connections of excitation synchronous generator.
As shown in Figure 2; The embodiment two of transmission device: transmission device comprises power transmission shaft 1, gearbox 2; Power transmission shaft 1 two ends connect wind wheel and gearbox 2 respectively, and be with the difference of embodiment one: the front end of gearbox 2 is provided with 3 preceding power output shaft, and the rear end of gearbox 2 is provided with rear power output shaft; 3 preceding power output shafts are connected with 3 permagnetic synchronous motors 3 respectively, and rear power output shaft is connected with electric excitation synchronous generator 4.
No matter transmission device adopts the structure of embodiment one still is the structure of embodiment two, and the wind wheel in the wind turbine generator of the present invention is equipped with velocity measurement mechanisms, and permagnetic synchronous motor 3 is electrically connected with current transformer, and power transmission shaft 1 afterbody is equipped with tachometer disc and becomes sizing device.Permagnetic synchronous motor 3 total rated power account for 1/3 of wind turbine generator rated power; Rated power by the electric excitation synchronous generator 4 of direct current excitation accounts for 2/3 of wind turbine generator rated power, and permagnetic synchronous motor 3 is electrically connected with the current transformer of control permagnetic synchronous motor operating state.The control system of current transformer is used as generator or motor respectively according to the rotating speed of wind speed and permagnetic synchronous motor control permagnetic synchronous motor, the power factor of permagnetic synchronous motor described current transformer scalable permagnetic synchronous motor during as generator.
The component of control system control permagnetic synchronous motor 3 active power of output of current transformer or the component of output reactive power.Electricity excitation synchronous generator 4 is connected with the excitation controlling device of electric excitation synchronous generator 4 active power of output components of adjustment or reactive power component.
A kind of control method of controlling the friendly type wind turbine generator of electrical network; Be specially: (1) is behind the incision wind speed of wind speed greater than wind turbine generator; The control system control permagnetic synchronous motor 3 of current transformer uses as generator; Permagnetic synchronous motor 3 gets into generating state; To extraneous electrical network transmission of electric energy, the active power output component of the control system of current transformer control permagnetic synchronous motor 3 also progressively increases the active power output component of permagnetic synchronous motor 3 to permagnetic synchronous motor 3 through current transformer, and electric excitation synchronous generator 4 is in the no-load running state;
(2) after permagnetic synchronous motor 3 reaches the rated power generating; At this moment; The rotating speed of permagnetic synchronous motor 3 also reaches rated speed, and electric excitation synchronous generator 4 is connected with electrical network, and electric excitation synchronous generator 4 gets into generating state; The active power output of permagnetic synchronous motor 3 reduced until stopping fully gradually when the generated output of electricity excitation synchronous generator 4 progressively increased; The control system control permagnetic synchronous motor 3 of current transformer used as motor when the active power output of permagnetic synchronous motor 3 stopped, the control system control permagnetic synchronous motor 3 output reactive powers of current transformer, and permagnetic synchronous motor 3 is by the rated speed operation;
If the rotating speed of permagnetic synchronous motor 3 is greater than the rated speed of permagnetic synchronous motor 3, the control system of current transformer control permagnetic synchronous motor 3 sends corresponding active power makes the rotating speed of permagnetic synchronous motor 3 return rated speed;
If the rotating speed of permagnetic synchronous motor 3 is less than the rated speed of permagnetic synchronous motor 3; The control system control permagnetic synchronous motor 3 of current transformer sends corresponding reactive power makes the rotating speed of permagnetic synchronous motor 3 return rated speed, thereby guarantees the stabilization of speed of permagnetic synchronous motor 3 and electric excitation synchronous generator 4.
(3) after electric excitation synchronous generator 4 reaches the rated power generating; The control system control permagnetic synchronous motor 3 of current transformer uses as generator once more; Permagnetic synchronous motor 3 gets into generating state; To extraneous electrical network transmission of electric energy, electric excitation synchronous generator 4 and permagnetic synchronous motor 3 are realized the support to electrical network simultaneously to extraneous grid generation to permagnetic synchronous motor 3 through current transformer.
If permagnetic synchronous motor 3 still can not be kept the rated speed operation as electrical motors after maximum power, then electric excitation synchronous generator 4 withdraws from generating state, and the control system control permagnetic synchronous motor 3 of current transformer uses as generator.Behind the cut-out wind speed of wind speed greater than wind turbine generator, permagnetic synchronous motor 3 is all out of service with electric excitation synchronous generator 4.
Excitation controlling device is overexcitation or normal excitation or underexcitation to the excitation mode of electric excitation synchronous generator 4; When extraneous electric network electric voltage drop, excitation controlling device selects different excitation modes to adjust electric excitation synchronous generator 4 active power of output components or reactive power component according to the requirement of external power scheduling.Simultaneously, the control system of current transformer also can be controlled the corresponding reactive power component of permagnetic synchronous motor 3 outputs, and electrical network provides effective support to external world.
The present invention only need use the current transformer that is equivalent to wind turbine generator 1/3 power, realize the active power of permagnetic synchronous motor 3 and the output of reactive power, and electrical network provides effective support to external world, and the realization low-voltage is passed through function, and cost is lower.Permagnetic synchronous motor 3 all can keep stable with the rotating speed of electric excitation synchronous generator 4, need not to have improved the quality of power supply of extraneous electrical network through powerful current transformer.
With above-mentioned foundation desirable embodiment of the present invention is enlightenment, and through above-mentioned description, the related work personnel can carry out various change and modification fully in the scope that does not depart from this invention technological thought.The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content on the specification, must confirm its technical scope according to the claim scope.
Claims (10)
1. the friendly type wind turbine generator of an electrical network; Comprise wind wheel, the transmission device that is connected with wind wheel, permagnetic synchronous motor, electric excitation synchronous generator by actuator drives; It is characterized in that: the total rated power of described permagnetic synchronous motor accounts for 1/3 of wind turbine generator rated power; The rated power of described electric excitation synchronous generator accounts for 2/3 of wind turbine generator rated power, and described permagnetic synchronous motor is electrically connected with the current transformer of control permagnetic synchronous motor operating state.
2. the friendly type wind turbine generator of a kind of electrical network according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the control system of described current transformer is used as generator or motor respectively according to the rotating speed of wind speed and permagnetic synchronous motor control permagnetic synchronous motor, the power factor of described permagnetic synchronous motor described current transformer scalable permagnetic synchronous motor during as generator.
3. the friendly type wind turbine generator of a kind of electrical network according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the structure of described transmission device is: described transmission device comprises power transmission shaft, gearbox; The power transmission shaft two ends connect wind wheel and gearbox respectively; The rear end of described gearbox is provided with rear power output shaft, and the rear power output shaft of described gearbox is connected with electric excitation synchronous generator, and described permagnetic synchronous motor is connected with electric excitation synchronous generator is coaxial.
4. the friendly type wind turbine generator of a kind of electrical network according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the structure of described transmission device is: described transmission device comprises power transmission shaft, gearbox; The power transmission shaft two ends connect wind wheel and gearbox respectively; The front end of described gearbox is provided with more than one preceding power output shaft; The rear end of described gearbox is provided with rear power output shaft, and more than one preceding power output shaft is connected with more than one permagnetic synchronous motor respectively, and described rear power output shaft is connected with electric excitation synchronous generator.
5. the friendly type wind turbine generator of a kind of electrical network according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the quantity of described permagnetic synchronous motor is 3~4, the quantity of described preceding power output shaft is identical with the quantity of permagnetic synchronous motor.
6. the friendly type wind turbine generator of a kind of electrical network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described electric excitation synchronous generator is connected with the excitation controlling device of electric excitation synchronous generator active power of output component of adjustment or reactive power component.
7. control method of controlling the friendly type wind turbine generator of each described electrical network of claim 1-5 is characterized in that: be specially:
(1) behind the incision wind speed of wind speed greater than wind turbine generator; The control system control permagnetic synchronous motor of current transformer uses as generator; Permagnetic synchronous motor gets into generating state; To extraneous electrical network transmission of electric energy, the active power output component of the control system of current transformer control permagnetic synchronous motor also progressively increases the active power output component of permagnetic synchronous motor to permagnetic synchronous motor through current transformer, and electric excitation synchronous generator is in the no-load running state;
(2) after permagnetic synchronous motor reaches the rated power generating; At this moment; The rotating speed of permagnetic synchronous motor also reaches rated speed, and electric excitation synchronous generator and electrical network are connected, and electric excitation synchronous generator gets into generating state; The active power output of permagnetic synchronous motor reduced until stopping fully gradually when the generated output of electricity excitation synchronous generator progressively increased; The control system control permagnetic synchronous motor of current transformer used as motor when the active power output of permagnetic synchronous motor stopped, the control system control permagnetic synchronous motor output reactive power of current transformer, and permagnetic synchronous motor is by the rated speed operation;
(3) after electric excitation synchronous generator reaches the rated power generating; The control system control permagnetic synchronous motor of current transformer uses as generator once more; Permagnetic synchronous motor gets into generating state; To extraneous electrical network transmission of electric energy, electric excitation synchronous generator and permagnetic synchronous motor are simultaneously to extraneous grid generation through current transformer for permagnetic synchronous motor.
8. control method according to claim 7; It is characterized in that: described electric excitation synchronous generator is connected with excitation controlling device; Described excitation controlling device is overexcitation or normal excitation or underexcitation to the excitation mode of electric excitation synchronous generator; When extraneous electric network electric voltage drop, excitation controlling device selects different excitation modes to adjust electric excitation synchronous generator active power of output component or reactive power component according to the requirement of external power scheduling.
9. control method according to claim 7; It is characterized in that: in the step (2); The control system control permagnetic synchronous motor output reactive power of current transformer; Permagnetic synchronous motor is by after the rated speed operation, if the rotating speed of permagnetic synchronous motor greater than the rated speed of permagnetic synchronous motor, the control system of current transformer control permagnetic synchronous motor sends corresponding active power makes the rotating speed of permagnetic synchronous motor return rated speed; If the rotating speed of permagnetic synchronous motor is less than the rated speed of permagnetic synchronous motor; The control system control permagnetic synchronous motor of current transformer sends corresponding reactive power makes the rotating speed of permagnetic synchronous motor return rated speed, thereby guarantees the stabilization of speed of permagnetic synchronous motor and electric excitation synchronous generator.
10. control method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: behind the cut-out wind speed of wind speed greater than wind turbine generator, permagnetic synchronous motor and electric excitation synchronous generator are all out of service.
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CN102005875A (en) * | 2010-11-08 | 2011-04-06 | 华北电力大学 | Brushless parallel-structure hybrid excitation synchronous generator without additional air gap |
CN202284522U (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2012-06-27 | 江苏新誉重工科技有限公司 | Power grid friendly type wind power generator set |
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CN101345453A (en) * | 2008-05-06 | 2009-01-14 | 南京航空航天大学 | Mixed field excitation brushless synchronous motor with coordination structure |
CN101272084A (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2008-09-24 | 东南大学 | Electro-mechanical mixed stepless speed-changing wind power generation plant |
WO2010040167A1 (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2010-04-15 | Gerald Hehenberger | Method for operating a differential gear for an energy production plant |
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