CN102505945A - Construction method for enabling rectangular pipe jacking machine to enter into tunnel in existing building - Google Patents
Construction method for enabling rectangular pipe jacking machine to enter into tunnel in existing building Download PDFInfo
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- CN102505945A CN102505945A CN2011104489263A CN201110448926A CN102505945A CN 102505945 A CN102505945 A CN 102505945A CN 2011104489263 A CN2011104489263 A CN 2011104489263A CN 201110448926 A CN201110448926 A CN 201110448926A CN 102505945 A CN102505945 A CN 102505945A
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- hole
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- cutterhead
- construction thing
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000000234 capsid Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001063191 Elops affinis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002756 Erythrina berteroana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HKPHPIREJKHECO-UHFFFAOYSA-N butachlor Chemical compound CCCCOCN(C(=O)CCl)C1=C(CC)C=CC=C1CC HKPHPIREJKHECO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144985 peep Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a construction method for enabling a rectangular pipe jacking machine to enter into a tunnel in an existing building. The construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) setting up a tunnel-entering receiving buffer platform in the existing building at the tunnel-entering position; (2) setting a hanging point for a cutter head of the pipe jacking machine in the existing building at the tunnel-entering position; (3) chiseling off a portal before the pipe jacking machine enters into the tunnel; (4) adjusting all parameters and enabling the pipe jacking machine to enter into the tunnel; (5) plugging the portal after the rectangular pipe jacking machine enters into the tunnel; (6) detaching the cutter head, a chest plate and internal equipment of the pipe jacking machine, and transporting the cutter, the chest plate and the internal equipment of the pipe jacking machine out of a channel; and (7) leaving a housing of the pipe jacking machine in the channel. The construction method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of smoothly taking an inner core part of the pipe jacking machine out of the existing building and saving investment in construction of a tunnel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of in the built construction thing rectangle push-bench advance the job practices in hole.
Background technology
Along with the development of urbanization process, more and more be tending towards frequent for the exploitation of urban underground space.The utilization rate that circular push pipe more can improve the space is compared in the appearance of the technical field of rectangular top pipe.The rectangular top pipe machine hangs at the beginning well when operation, to the tunnel piercing between the received well, enters the hole from received well through the beginning well then, and reclaim on handling subsequently to ground.But increase along with the city underground construction; Some places receive the restriction of existing building when construction; Push-bench can't be provided with received well after accomplishing tunnel piercing, therefore must in the built construction thing, enter the hole and reclaim; Because push-bench is bulky, therefore increased the difficult point of construction greatly.Demand urgently developing can be in existing building the rectangle push-bench advance the job practices in hole, can't in existing building, advance the problem that reclaim in the hole to solve existing in prior technology rectangular top pipe machine.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of push-bench and in existing building, advance the job practices that reclaim in the hole.The present invention design a kind of in the built construction thing rectangle push-bench advance the job practices in hole; It is characterized in that being made up of the following step: into hole reception buffer platform is set up in (1) in advancing place, hole built construction thing, (2) are provided with push-bench cutterhead suspension centre in advancing place, hole built construction thing, and (3) cut portal before push pipe enters the hole; (4) adjustment parameters; Push-bench enters the hole, and (5) rectangular top pipe machine enters the hole, the shutoff portal; (6) push-bench cutterhead, plastron and internal unit are dismantled and in passage, are transported, and (7) are stayed the push-bench housing in passage.It is characterized in that: described step (1) is for having set up into that the hole receives buffer platform in the building entering the hole; The impact force that the soil body caves in and produces when entering the hole to alleviate push-bench; This buffer platform is set up with the I20b i iron; Platform surface is laid a 2cm steel plate, and steel plate and shaped steel frame are linked to be integral body with welding.It is characterized in that: described step (2) is for being provided with push-bench cutterhead suspension centre in advancing place, hole built construction thing; Push-bench in the built construction thing advances above the hole place portal and on the floor 4 holes for hoist is set; On the floor of hole for hoist position, open four oval-shaped holes, shop 3.5m*2.5m*0.02m steel plate keeps flat three i iron on the steel plate; The steel wire penetrating hole is hung on the i iron, so that be used for the push-bench cutterhead that advances behind the hole is lifted dismounting.It is characterized in that: described step (3) for before push-bench enters the hole to the ground that enters portal place, hole within the walls reinforcing bar carry out from top to bottom, cut from inside to outside.And for preventing that compacted soil from pouring in the interception measure of necessity that basement takes.It is characterized in that: described step (4) is for surveying the adjustment parameters, and push-bench advances in the progradation of hole, observes the variation of top power constantly; After getting into stabilization zone, begin to stop the mud jacking of head, and move the mud jacking position after gradually; After getting into reinforcing area; About the general control of move speed 1 ~ 2mm/min, cutterhead and peripheral cutter can be cut completely to cement-soil, can add proper amount of clear water or antifriction slurries and soften and the lubricated soil body; The control fltting speed is at 1 ~ 2 mm/min, and positive soil pressure is that 0.12MPa, the amount of being unearthed are controlled at every joint 44m
3About, the cutterhead moment of torsion is controlled within 30%.It is characterized in that: described step (5) enter hole, shutoff portal for after the rectangular top pipe machine enters the hole; The push-bench housing is located to stop jacking when the same plane of circle inner edge, steel hole is located with entering the hole, stops the location, when push-bench advances the hole propelling; The push-bench cutterhead has entered in the built construction thing; Stop at once advancing when the housing forward position of push-bench body and place, the same plane of circle inner edge, steel hole, housing and steel hole circle are welded into integral body, carry out with steel plate.And, reduce soil erosion with the gap that hydraulicity slurries filling housing and hole are enclosed.It is characterized in that: described step (6) for push-bench stable after, remove rear portion 2 double helix conveyers, be pulled in the well that starts with the interior flat car of passage behind the overall pulling down, hang foundation ditch; With the Chain block suspension centre that sets in advance big cutterhead is pinioned fasteningly again with wire rope, shed the anterior cap mouth of big cutterhead, prop up plastron, slowly big cutterhead is pushed on the buffer platform, carried after slowly falling in midair with jack; After treating that big cutterhead suspention is firm, remove 4 little cutterheads of residue in batches, 4 little cutterheads are lain against buffer platform; Remove the gear-box and the motor at cutterhead rear portion, be pulled in the well that starts, winch to ground and place through flat car in the passage; Remove hinged oil cylinder, disengaging oil cylinder, electric driving force cabinet and correction Hydraulic Station, be pulled in the well that starts, winch to ground and place through flat car in the passage; The push-bench cutterhead and the internal unit that disassemble transport in passage, cut off plastron at last, large and small cutterhead is transported to starting well in order hangs out.It is characterized in that: described step (7) is for becoming integral body with the empty capsid of push-bench with steel concrete and passage are cast-in-place.Advantage of the present invention is can the core component of push-bench be taken out from the building that has built up smoothly, has saved the investment of tunnel construction.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a shelves cob wall construction plan of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the side schematic view of Fig. 1.Fig. 3 arranges sketch map for suspension centre.Fig. 4 is for the rectangular top pipe machine advances the hole sketch map, Fig. 5 ~ Fig. 9 is push-bench cutterhead, plastron and internal unit dismounting sketch map.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and construction embodiment the present invention is made detailed operation instruction.
The specific embodiment
(1) in advancing place, hole built construction thing, set up into hole reception buffer platform, (2) are provided with push-bench cutterhead suspension centre in advancing place, hole built construction thing, and (3) cut portal before push pipe enters the hole; (4) adjustment parameters; Push-bench enters the hole, and (5) rectangular top pipe machine enters the hole, the shutoff portal; (6) push-bench cutterhead, plastron and internal unit are dismantled and in passage, are transported, and (7) are stayed the push-bench housing in passage.It is characterized in that: described step (1) is for having set up into that the hole receives buffer platform in the building entering the hole; The impact force that the soil body caves in and produces when entering the hole to alleviate push-bench; This buffer platform is set up with the I20b i iron; Platform surface is laid a 2cm steel plate, and steel plate and shaped steel frame are linked to be integral body with welding.It is characterized in that: described step (2) is for being provided with push-bench cutterhead suspension centre in advancing place, hole built construction thing; Push-bench in the built construction thing advances above the hole place portal and on the floor 4 holes for hoist is set; On the floor of hole for hoist position, open four oval-shaped holes, shop 3.5m*2.5m*0.02m steel plate keeps flat three i iron on the steel plate; The steel wire penetrating hole is hung on the i iron, so that be used for the push-bench cutterhead that advances behind the hole is lifted dismounting.It is characterized in that: described step (3) for before push-bench enters the hole to the ground that enters portal place, hole within the walls reinforcing bar carry out cutting from top to bottom.It is characterized in that: described step (4) is for surveying the adjustment parameters, and push-bench advances in the progradation of hole, observes the variation of top power constantly; After getting into stabilization zone, begin to stop the mud jacking of head, and move the mud jacking position after gradually; After getting into reinforcing area; About the general control of move speed 1 ~ 2mm/min, cutterhead and peripheral cutter can be cut completely to cement-soil, can add proper amount of clear water or antifriction slurries and soften and the lubricated soil body; The control fltting speed is at 1 ~ 2 mm/min, and positive soil pressure is that 0.12MPa, the amount of being unearthed are controlled at every joint 44m
3About, the cutterhead moment of torsion is controlled within 30%.It is characterized in that: described step (5) enter hole, shutoff portal for after the rectangular top pipe machine enters the hole; The push-bench housing is located to stop jacking when the same plane of circle inner edge, steel hole is located with entering the hole, stops the location, when push-bench advances the hole propelling; The push-bench cutterhead has entered in the built construction thing; Stop at once advancing when the housing forward position of push-bench body and place, the same plane of circle inner edge, steel hole, housing and steel hole circle are welded into integral body, carry out with steel plate.And, reduce soil erosion with the gap that hydraulicity slurries filling housing and hole are enclosed.It is characterized in that: described step (6) for push-bench stable after, remove rear portion 2 double helix conveyers, be pulled in the well that starts with the interior flat car of passage behind the overall pulling down, hang foundation ditch; With the Chain block suspension centre that sets in advance big cutterhead is pinioned fasteningly again with wire rope, shed the anterior cap mouth of big cutterhead, prop up plastron, slowly big cutterhead is pushed on the buffer platform, carried after slowly falling in midair with jack; After treating that big cutterhead suspention is firm, remove 4 little cutterheads of residue in batches, 4 little cutterheads are lain against buffer platform; Remove the gear-box and the motor at cutterhead rear portion, be pulled in the well that starts, winch to ground and place through flat car in the passage; Remove hinged oil cylinder, disengaging oil cylinder, electric driving force cabinet and correction Hydraulic Station, be pulled in the well that starts, winch to ground and place through flat car in the passage; The push-bench cutterhead and the internal unit that disassemble transport in passage, cut off plastron at last, large and small cutterhead is transported to starting well in order hangs out.It is characterized in that: described step (7) is for becoming integral body with the empty capsid of push-bench with steel concrete and passage are cast-in-place.
Wherein be noted that especially:
1, the control of the move speed and the amount of being unearthed
After the push-bench otch entering received well soil body advances the hole stabilization zone, should adjust the head attitude immediately, itself and jacking axis are paralleled, as far as possible the gaping of joints that occurs between push-bench and rear portion tube coupling is kept to minimum.The move speed that suitably slows down simultaneously strengthens the amount of being unearthed, and reduces positive soil pressure gradually, to guarantee hole place's Stability Analysis of Structures and push-bench Plant in good condition.
2, the rectangular top pipe machine is located after entering the hole
Push-bench machete dise knife point is pushed into apart from diaphragm wall 10CM place, stops jacking, and encloses the external-open peep hole in auspicious bright reception place hole; Confirm all right after; Continue the jacking push-bench, be pushed into place, casing limit and the steel hole same plane of circle inner edge and stop jacking, immediately steel plate is welded into an integral body with it; And, reduce soil erosion with the gap that hydraulicity slurries filling tube coupling and hole are enclosed.
3, this engineering push-bench is taked " escaping unnoticed " technology after entering the hole, is about to the push-bench housing and stays in the passage, and push-bench cutterhead and internal unit dismounting transport.
(1) treat that push-bench is stable after, remove rear portion 2 double helix conveyers, be pulled in the well that starts with the interior flat car of passage behind the overall pulling down, hang foundation ditch.
(2) brightly enter place, hole steel concrete frame back portion four shaped steel of encorbelmenting are set auspicious.So that encorbelmenting to such an extent that hang Chain block on the shaped steel, big cutterhead is pinioned fastening with wire rope, shed the anterior cap mouth of big cutterhead, prop up plastron with jack, slowly big cutterhead is pushed into receiving platform, carried after slowly falling in midair.Prepare next procedure.
(3) treat that the suspention of big cutterhead is firm after, remove 4 little cutterheads of residue in batches, the dismounting order decide according to field condition, and 4 little cutterheads are lain against receiving platform, the preparation next procedure.
(4) gear-box and the motor at dismounting cutterhead rear portion are pulled in the well that starts through flat car in the passage, winch to ground and place.
(5) remove hinged oil cylinder, disengaging oil cylinder, electric driving force cabinet and correction Hydraulic Station, be pulled in the well that starts, winch to ground and place through flat car in the passage.
(6) cut off plastron, large and small cutterhead is transported to starting well in order hangs out.
(7) remove receiving platform.
(8) transportation of equipment such as the cutterhead of removing, screw machine is left the theatre.
Claims (8)
- One kind in the built construction thing rectangle push-bench advance the job practices in hole; It is characterized in that being made up of the following step: into hole reception buffer platform is set up in (1) in advancing place, hole built construction thing, (2) are provided with push-bench cutterhead suspension centre in advancing place, hole built construction thing, and (3) cut portal before push pipe enters the hole; (4) adjustment parameters; Push-bench enters the hole, and (5) rectangular top pipe machine enters the hole, the shutoff portal; (6) push-bench cutterhead, plastron and internal unit are dismantled and in passage, are transported, and (7) are stayed the push-bench housing in passage.
- By claim 1 described a kind of in the built construction thing rectangle push-bench advance the job practices in hole; It is characterized in that: described step (1) is for having set up into that the hole receives buffer platform in the building entering the hole; The impact force that the soil body caves in and produces when entering the hole to alleviate push-bench; This buffer platform is set up with the I20b i iron, and platform surface is laid a 2cm steel plate, and steel plate and shaped steel frame are linked to be integral body with welding.
- By claim 1 described a kind of in the built construction thing rectangle push-bench advance the job practices in hole; It is characterized in that: described step (2) is for being provided with push-bench cutterhead suspension centre in advancing place, hole built construction thing; Push-bench in the built construction thing advances above the hole place portal and on the floor 4 holes for hoist is set; On the floor of hole for hoist position, open four oval-shaped holes, shop 3.5m*2.5m*0.02m steel plate keeps flat three i iron on the steel plate; The steel wire penetrating hole is hung on the i iron, so that be used for the push-bench cutterhead that advances behind the hole is lifted dismounting.
- By claim 1 described a kind of in the built construction thing rectangle push-bench advance the job practices in hole; It is characterized in that: described step (3) for before push-bench enters the hole to the ground that enters portal place, hole within the walls reinforcing bar carry out cutting from top to bottom, cut from inside to outside.And for preventing that compacted soil from pouring in the interception measure of necessity that basement takes.
- By claim 1 described a kind of in the built construction thing rectangle push-bench advance the job practices in hole, it is characterized in that: described step (4) is for surveying the adjustment parameters, and push-bench advances in the progradation of hole; Constantly observe the variation of top power, behind the entering stabilization zone, begin to stop the mud jacking of head; And move the mud jacking position after gradually, after getting into reinforcing area, move speed is generally controlled about 1 ~ 2mm/min; Cutterhead and peripheral cutter can be cut cement-soil completely; Can add proper amount of clear water or antifriction slurries and soften and the lubricated soil body, the control fltting speed is at 1 ~ 2 mm/min, and positive soil pressure is that 0.12MPa, the amount of being unearthed are controlled at every joint 44m 3About, the cutterhead moment of torsion is controlled within 30%.
- By claim 1 described a kind of in the built construction thing rectangle push-bench advance the job practices in hole; It is characterized in that: described step (5) enter hole, shutoff portal for after the rectangular top pipe machine enters the hole; The push-bench housing is located to stop jacking when the same plane of circle inner edge, steel hole is located with entering the hole, stops the location, when push-bench advances the hole propelling; The push-bench cutterhead has entered in the built construction thing; Stop at once advancing when the housing forward position of push-bench body and place, the same plane of circle inner edge, steel hole, housing and steel hole circle are welded into integral body, carry out with steel plate.And, reduce soil erosion with the gap that hydraulicity slurries filling housing and hole are enclosed.
- By claim 1 described a kind of in the built construction thing rectangle push-bench advance the job practices in hole; It is characterized in that: described step (6) for push-bench stable after; Remove rear portion 2 double helix conveyers, be pulled in the well that starts with flat car in the passage behind the overall pulling down, hang foundation ditch; With the Chain block suspension centre that sets in advance big cutterhead is pinioned fasteningly again with wire rope, shed the anterior cap mouth of big cutterhead, prop up plastron, slowly big cutterhead is pushed on the buffer platform, carried after slowly falling in midair with jack; After treating that big cutterhead suspention is firm, remove 4 little cutterheads of residue in batches, 4 little cutterheads are lain against buffer platform; Remove the gear-box and the motor at cutterhead rear portion, be pulled in the well that starts, winch to ground and place through flat car in the passage; Remove hinged oil cylinder, disengaging oil cylinder, electric driving force cabinet and correction Hydraulic Station, be pulled in the well that starts, winch to ground and place through flat car in the passage; The push-bench cutterhead and the internal unit that disassemble transport in passage, cut off plastron at last, large and small cutterhead is transported to starting well in order hangs out.
- By claim 1 described a kind of in the built construction thing rectangle push-bench advance the job practices in hole, it is characterized in that: described step (7) is for becoming integral body with the empty capsid of push-bench with steel concrete and passage are cast-in-place.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110448926.3A CN102505945B (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2011-12-29 | Construction method for enabling rectangular pipe jacking machine to enter into tunnel in existing building |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110448926.3A CN102505945B (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2011-12-29 | Construction method for enabling rectangular pipe jacking machine to enter into tunnel in existing building |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102505945A true CN102505945A (en) | 2012-06-20 |
| CN102505945B CN102505945B (en) | 2014-07-30 |
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| CN201110448926.3A Expired - Fee Related CN102505945B (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2011-12-29 | Construction method for enabling rectangular pipe jacking machine to enter into tunnel in existing building |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103075162A (en) * | 2012-12-29 | 2013-05-01 | 上海市机械施工有限公司 | Tunnel portal earth retaining device as well as underground pedestrian passageway construction system and method |
| CN105839643A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-08-10 | 浙江省交通规划设计研究院 | Tunnel in-hole construction method adopting foundation pit support |
| CN105863673A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-08-17 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Returnable pipe-jacking construction method for pushing machine body and construction structure |
| CN107143346A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-09-08 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Rectangular curve pipe curtain construction method for super large underground space construction |
| CN108979642A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-11 | 江苏锐成机械有限公司 | Miniature underground no-dig technique device |
| CN109356604A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-02-19 | 中国建筑第六工程局有限公司 | Subway station uses the vertical shaft method of reseptance of rectangular pipe jacking machine construction exit and entrance |
| CN110173272A (en) * | 2019-05-26 | 2019-08-27 | 中国建筑第六工程局有限公司 | The method of reseptance of subway station exit and entrance in rectangular pipe jacking machine construction operation |
| CN110439590A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-11-12 | 中铁十四局集团有限公司 | Method for tunnel construction |
| CN111075474A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-04-28 | 中铁十一局集团城市轨道工程有限公司 | Rectangular pipe jacking construction method for subway station access and exit channel |
| CN112610233A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-04-06 | 中铁十五局集团有限公司 | 'golden cicada unshelling' type rectangular jacking pipe receiving construction method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103075162A (en) * | 2012-12-29 | 2013-05-01 | 上海市机械施工有限公司 | Tunnel portal earth retaining device as well as underground pedestrian passageway construction system and method |
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| CN105863673A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-08-17 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Returnable pipe-jacking construction method for pushing machine body and construction structure |
| CN107143346A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-09-08 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Rectangular curve pipe curtain construction method for super large underground space construction |
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| CN108979642A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-11 | 江苏锐成机械有限公司 | Miniature underground no-dig technique device |
| CN109356604A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-02-19 | 中国建筑第六工程局有限公司 | Subway station uses the vertical shaft method of reseptance of rectangular pipe jacking machine construction exit and entrance |
| CN110173272A (en) * | 2019-05-26 | 2019-08-27 | 中国建筑第六工程局有限公司 | The method of reseptance of subway station exit and entrance in rectangular pipe jacking machine construction operation |
| CN110439590A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-11-12 | 中铁十四局集团有限公司 | Method for tunnel construction |
| CN111075474A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-04-28 | 中铁十一局集团城市轨道工程有限公司 | Rectangular pipe jacking construction method for subway station access and exit channel |
| CN111075474B (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2021-02-02 | 中铁十一局集团城市轨道工程有限公司 | Rectangular pipe jacking construction method for subway station access and exit channel |
| CN112610233A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-04-06 | 中铁十五局集团有限公司 | 'golden cicada unshelling' type rectangular jacking pipe receiving construction method |
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| CN102505945B (en) | 2014-07-30 |
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