Oxime compounds
Technical field
The invention belongs to medical technical field, or rather, the pharmaceutical composition that relates to a class and there is antidepressant compound and preparation method thereof, contain them and as the purposes of antidepressant drug.
Background technology
Along with social competition is growing more intense, rhythm of life is constantly accelerated, and people's stress also increases gradually, and dysthymia disorders has become the able-bodied main spirits disease of a kind of harm humans.Existing more than 8,900 ten thousand people of global Serious depression patient in 2002, and the patients with depression in the whole world has reached 3.4 hundred million.In the adult population over 18 years old, patients with depression just increases with annual 41.3% speed.WHO's this disease of prediction the year two thousand twenty will become the illness of world's second largest threat human health.Dysthymia disorders also allows of no optimist in the situation of China, and dysthymia disorders morbidity is about 29%~35% left and right, and neuropsychiatric disease ranks first in the total burden of China's disease, accounts for 70% of the total burden of disease.Dysthymia disorders has been subject to Chinese society all circles and people's great attention to the harm of mankind's body and mind.
Up to the present, the development of thymoleptic is three phases, has developed three generations's antidepressant drug.Having there is first-generation antidepressant drug-tricyclic antidepressants (phenothiazines) heterocycle antidepressant drug in the 1950's~1980, is called again traditional antidepressant drug.TCAs is monoamine oxidase reuptake inhibitor and non-selective serotonin and norepinephrine inhibitor.Mainly comprise Desipramine (desipramine), miaow handkerchief bright (imipramine), chlorine miaow handkerchief bright (clomipramine), nortriptyline (nortriptyline), amitriptyline (amitriptyline), doxepin (doxepin) etc.
Since the latter stage eighties, there is s-generation antidepressant drug in twentieth century, be selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRIs), mainly comprise fluoxetine (fluoxetine), Sertraline (sertaline), citalopram (citalopram) etc.This class adverse drug reaction reduces than Iricyclic antidepressants is remarkable, safe, has improved result for the treatment of, has become the choice drug of Cure of depression in many countries, and has become the leading product on thymoleptic market.But owing to having suppressed the re-uptake of 5-HT, the 5-HT at synaptic cleft place is increased, exciting 5-HT3 acceptor and produce anxiety, insomnia, feel sick, the side reaction such as vomiting, appetite stimulator, and because 5-HT2 acceptor by excitement and sexual desire may be suppressed, some patient body weights increase.But generally speaking side reaction degree is lighter, needn't do special processing.
Along with the further investigation to dysthymia disorders basic theory, in order to overcome some scarce limits of antidepressant drug, since the nineties in 20th century, the third generation antidepressant drug that has occurred novel mechanism, as 5-HT/NA reuptake inhibitor, comprise Venlafaxine (venlaxine), duloxetine (duloxetine), meter Na Pulun (milnacipran), nefazodone (nefazodone); Selectivity oxidase inhibitor comprises moclobemide (moclobemide), Toro Sha ketone (toloxatone); Selective N A reuptake inhibitor (selective NA reuptake inhibitors, NARIs) Reboxetine (reboxetine); NA and specific performance 5-HT antidepressive are as mirtazapine (mirtazapine).These medicines are compared with SSRIs class, aspect curative effect, side effect and quick acting, are being improved, and some drugs even only has the lag-phase in 1-2 week.
At present, domestic drug is mainly first-generation tricyclic antidepressant, and curative effect is low, and side effect is large, the market structure or import drugs has occupied dominant position.Therefore developing the novel antidepressant that curative effect is high, toxic side effect is little just seems particularly important.
Summary of the invention
One object of the present invention is, discloses the novel oxime compounds of a class and pharmaceutical salts thereof.
Another object of the present invention is, discloses the preparation method of a class oxime compounds and pharmaceutical salts thereof.
A further object of the present invention is, openly take the pharmaceutical composition that a class oxime compounds and pharmaceutical salts thereof be main active ingredient.
A further object of the invention is, one class oxime compounds and pharmaceutical salts thereof are disclosed as the application of antidepressant drug aspect, particularly for the preparation of prevention or treat depressed, mood is depressed, purposes aspect the dysthymia disorders medicine such as pessimistic, passive.
Now, in conjunction with the object of the invention, content of the present invention is described in detail.
The present invention is specifically related to compound and the pharmacy acceptable salt thereof of general formula I structure:
Wherein:
R
1, R
2for: hydrogen, halogen, C
1-C
4straight or branched alkyl, nitro, alkoxyphenyl radical;
R
3for: hydrogen, C
1-C
4straight or branched alkyl;
R
4for: C
1-C
4straight or branched alkyl.
Preferred following compound and pharmacy acceptable salt thereof:
Wherein:
R
1, R
2for: hydrogen, halogen, methyl, ethyl, nitro, alkoxyphenyl radical;
R
3for: hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl group, sec.-propyl;
R
4for: methyl, ethyl.
More preferably following compound and pharmacy acceptable salt thereof:
I-1 5-((oximido) (thiophene-2-yl) methyl)-4,5,6,7-tetramethylene sulfide also [3,2-c] pyridine-2-yl acetate I-2 5-((ethyl-oximido) (5-ethylthiophene-2-yl) methyl)-4,5,6,7-tetramethylene sulfide is [3,2-c] pyridine-2-yl acetate also
I-3 5-((3 bromo thiophene-2-yl) (propyl group-oximido) methyl)-4,5,6,7-tetramethylene sulfide is [3,2-c] pyridine-2-yl acetate also
I-4 5-((4,5-thioxene-2-yl) (sec.-propyl-oximido) methyl)-4,5,6,7-tetramethylene sulfide is [3,2-c] pyridine-2-yl acetate also
I-5 5-((oximido) (5-nitrothiophene-2-yl) methyl)-4,5,6,7-tetramethylene sulfide is [3,2-c] pyridine-2-yl acetate also
I-6 5-((methyl-oximido) (5-(4-methoxyphenyl) thiophene-2-yl) methyl)-4,5,6,7-tetramethylene sulfide is [3,2-c] pyridine-2-base propionic ester also
Formula I compound pharmacy acceptable salt refers to: the salt that compound becomes with mineral acid, organic acid.Wherein preferred: hydrochloride, hydrobromate, hydriodate, vitriol, hydrosulfate, phosphoric acid salt, acetate, propionic salt, butyrates, lactic acid salt, mesylate; tosilate; maleate, benzoate, succinate; tartrate; Citrate trianion, fumarate, taurate; gluconate, amino acid salts.
The syntheti c route of formula I compound is as follows:
The benzaldehyde compound of substituted thiophene (II), in methyl alcohol, ethanol or acetone equal solvent, under the catalysis of the acid binding agents such as triethylamine, pyridine, salt of wormwood, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, saleratus, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide ,-30~85 ℃ of reactions make key intermediate III with N-substituted hydroxylamine hydrochloride compounds.Intermediate III again with the halogenating agent such as bromine, NBS or NCS in methylene dichloride, trichloromethane or toluene-10~110 ℃ react, generate intermediate compound IV.Intermediate compound IV and 5,6,7,7a-tetramethylene sulfide also [3,2-c] pyridine-2-(4H)-one under sodium hydride exists, take toluene as solvent, 60~90 ℃ of reactions make intermediate V, intermediate V and acid anhydrides are under pyridine exists, and with dichloromethane solvent, 25~40 ℃ of reactions finally make Compound I.
Reaction make various compounds or products therefrom is dissolved in DMF, acetone, methyl alcohol, ethanol or DMSO drip mineral acid, organic acid is made pharmacy acceptable salt.
Specifically products therefrom is dissolved in DMF, acetone, methyl alcohol, ethanol or DMSO, drips acidic alcohol to pH2, make hydrochloride.Or products therefrom is dissolved in to DMF, acetone, methyl alcohol or ethanol, and mole taurine such as add, obtain its taurate.Also this compound can be dissolved in DMF, acetone, methyl alcohol, ethanol or DMSO, drip the methanol solution of the vitriol oil, adjust pH2-3, make its vitriol, etc.
This compounds is effective for human treatment's depression.Although compound of the present invention can be without the direct administration of any preparation, described various compounds are preferably used with the form of pharmaceutical preparation, and route of administration can be parenteral route (as vein, muscle administration) and oral administration.
The pharmaceutical composition of the compounds of this invention is prepared as follows: use standard and conventional technology; the compounds of this invention acceptable solid or liquid vehicle on technology of pharmaceutics are combined, and make it at random on technology of pharmaceutics acceptable auxiliary and vehicle and be combined and be prepared into particulate or microballoon.Solid dosage comprises tablet, discrete particles, capsule, slow releasing tablet, sustained release pellet etc.Solid carrier can be at least one material, and it can serve as thinner, flavouring agent, solubilizing agent, lubricant, suspension agent, tackiness agent, disintegrating agent and coating agent.Inert solid carrier comprises trimagnesium phosphate, Magnesium Stearate, smoothers sugar, lactose, pectin, propylene glycol, Polysorbate 80, dextrin, starch, gelatin, cellulose substances such as methylcellulose gum, Microcrystalline Cellulose, low melt point paraffin, polyoxyethylene glycol, N.F,USP MANNITOL, theobroma oil etc.Liquid dosage form comprises solvent, suspension for example injection, pulvis etc.
The amount of the active ingredient containing in pharmaceutical composition and unit dosage form (the compounds of this invention) can specifically be applied according to the situation of patient's the state of an illness, diagnosis, and the amount of compound used or concentration regulate in a wider scope.Conventionally, 0.5~90% (weight) that the weight range of active compound is composition, another preferred scope is 0.5~70%.
Compound or its pharmacy acceptable salt with formula I structure of the present invention, has obvious restraining effect to dysthymia disorders.
Below by pharmacodynamic experiment, further illustrate the antidepressant activity of the compounds of this invention.
Tail suspension test
Body weight 20~24g/ is male Kunming kind small white mouse only, on the outstanding boot top board axial cord of 25cm * 25cm * 25cm, connects a clip, and folder Mouse Tail-tip 1cm place makes it to hang by the feet, and head is from case bottom surface 4~5cm.Oral medicine to be measured and the positive control drug fluoxetine of giving of 60min before 30min abdominal injection or experiment before experiment, outstanding tail 6min, 4min mouse dead time after accumulative total.The mouse tail suspension dead time is shorter, and antidepressant effect is stronger.
The impact (single-dose) of table 1 on mouse tail suspension test
From above pharmacological evaluation, compound of the present invention has obvious effect to depression.
By animal experiment, tentatively investigate the acute toxicity of the compounds of this invention.
Mouse oral administration of compound I-1~I-6 and fluoxetine 70mg/kg
-1d
-1after, the general behavior of mouse after administration and body weight have been carried out observing for one week.Result shows, mouse gives after above-mentioned 6 compounds, and heart rate, breathing and independent behaviour activity are showed no extremely, observes weight of mice normal through one week body weight.Preliminary experiment result shows the LD of oral administration of compound I-3, I-4 and fluoxetine
50be respectively 297mgkg
-1, 285mgkg
-1and 248mgkg
-1, visible I-3 and I-4 toxicity are slightly lower than fluoxetine.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further, and embodiment is only indicative, never means that it limits the scope of the invention by any way.Described compound is through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) detects.Can adopt subsequently such as infrared spectra (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum (
1h NMR,
13c NMR), mass spectrum (MS) etc. is further confirmed its structure.
reference example 1:
Synthesizing of intermediate III-1
In the reaction flask that stirring, condenser, thermometer are housed, add 11.2g 2-carboxaldehyde radicals thiophene, with 35mL dehydrated alcohol, dissolved, under stirring, add sodium hydroxide 8.0g.6.9g oxammonium hydrochloride is added to reaction system in batches.Add, under room temperature, continue reaction 5h (flaggy demonstration reacts completely).By dehydrated alcohol evaporate to dryness, with 3 * 40mL water washing reaction solution, with dichloromethane extraction, anhydrous sodium sulphate is fully dry, filters, and methylene dichloride is to the greatest extent steamed in decompression, obtains light gray solid (HPLC:99.0%).Rf=0.56[single-point, developping agent: v (methylene dichloride): v (methyl alcohol)=7: 1].
With reference to the method for reference example 1, can synthetic intermediate III-2~III-6.
Table 2 intermediate III-2~III-6 list
reference example 2:
Synthesizing of intermediate compound IV-1
In the reaction flask that stirring, condenser, thermometer are housed, add 12.7g intermediate III-1, with 50mL methylene dichloride, dissolved, under stirring, add NBS 17.8g.Room temperature reaction 6h under illumination (flaggy demonstration reacts completely).With 3 * 30mL 35%Na
2s
20
3solution washing reaction solution, dichloromethane layer anhydrous sodium sulphate is fully dry, filters, and methylene dichloride is to the greatest extent steamed in decompression, obtains light yellow oily product (HPLC:97.2%).Rf=0.40[single-point, developping agent: v (methylene dichloride): v (methyl alcohol)=7: 1].
With reference to the method for reference example 2, can synthetic intermediate IV-2~IV-6.
Table 3 intermediate compound IV-2~IV-6 list
reference example 3:
Intermediate V-1's is synthetic
In the reaction flask that stirring, condenser, thermometer are housed, add 2.0g intermediate compound IV-1, with 50m toluene, dissolved, under stirring, add sodium hydride 2.0g.By 1.6g 5,6,7,7a-tetramethylene sulfide also [3,2-c] pyridine-2-(4H)-one adds reaction system in batches.Add, in 80 ℃, continue reaction 3.5h (flaggy demonstration reacts completely).Filtering solid matter, by anhydrous methanol evaporate to dryness, with 3 * 15mL water washing reaction solution, with dichloromethane extraction, anhydrous sodium sulphate is fully dry, filter, methylene dichloride is to the greatest extent steamed in decompression, obtains dark oil thing, post separated [moving phase: v (methylene dichloride): v (methyl alcohol)=7: 1], Rf=0.31, obtains light yellow solid (HPLC:99.1%).
With reference to the method for reference example 3, can synthetic intermediate V-2~V-6.
Table 4 intermediate V-2~V-6 list
embodiment 1:
5-((oximido) (thiophene-2-yl) methyl)-4,5,6,7-tetramethylene sulfide is synthesizing of [3,2-c] pyridine-2-yl acetate (Compound I-1) also
In the reaction flask that stirring, condenser, thermometer are housed, add 7.0g intermediate V-1, with 15mL methylene dichloride, dissolved, under stirring, add triethylamine 2.18g.1.2g diacetyl oxide is added to reaction system.Add, in reflux state, continue reaction 3.5h (flaggy demonstration reacts completely).Reaction solution is cooling, with 3 * 10mL water washing reaction solution, divide and get dichloromethane layer, anhydrous sodium sulphate is fully dry, filters, and methylene dichloride is to the greatest extent steamed in decompression, obtain yellow oil, post separated [moving phase: v (sherwood oil): v (ethyl acetate)=2: 1], Rf=0.46, obtains white solid (HPLC:99.7%).
With reference to the method for embodiment 1, can obtain synthesising target compound I-2~I-5, with propionic anhydride, replace diacetyl oxide can make Compound I-6.
Table 5 Compound I-2~I-6 list
embodiment 2:
Compound I-2 one-tenth hydrochloride: get Compound I-2 white solid product 1.5g, be dissolved in 10mL dehydrated alcohol.Ice-water bath is cooled to 5 ℃, drip 11.1% ethanol solution hydrochloride to pH be 2, continue at stir about 1h under ice-water bath.Filter, vacuum-drying, obtains white solid powder.
embodiment 3:
Compound I-4 one-tenth taurate: get Compound I-4 white solid product 2.0g, be dissolved in 10mL acetone.After being heated to reflux, add and wait mole taurine, continue at time about 1.5h of stirring reaction that refluxes.React complete, standing 24h under room temperature.Separate out white crystals, filter vacuum-drying.
embodiment 4:
Compound I-5 one-tenth vitriol: get Compound I-5 light yellow solid product 1.2g, be dissolved in 15mL methyl alcohol.Ice-water bath is cooled to 0 ℃, drip 10% sulfuric acid methanol solution to pH be 3, continue at stir about 1h under ice-water bath.Filter, obtain white solid.
For the pharmaceutical composition of the oxime compounds containing thiophene of the present invention is described more fully, following FORMULATION EXAMPLE is provided below, described embodiment is only for explanation, rather than for limiting the scope of the invention.Described preparation can be used any active compound and the salt thereof in the compounds of this invention, preferably uses the compound described in embodiment 1-4.
embodiment 5:
By following compositions, prepare hard gelatin capsule:
Preparation technology: supplementary material is dry in advance, cross 100 mesh sieves standby.Press recipe quantity by after mentioned component mixing, be packed in hard gelatin capsule.
embodiment 6:
By following compositions, prepare tablet:
Preparation technology: supplementary material is dry in advance, cross 100 mesh sieves standby.First the auxiliary material of recipe quantity is fully mixed.Bulk drug is added in auxiliary material to increase progressively dilution method, and each added-time fully mixes 2-3 time, guarantees that medicine and auxiliary material fully mix, cross 20 mesh sieves, dry 2h in 55 ℃ of ventilated drying ovens, dry particle is crossed the whole grain of 16 mesh sieves, measure intermediate content, mix compressing tablet on tabletting machine.
embodiment 7:
The preparation of injection liquid:
Preparation method: get activeconstituents and join in the water for injection that dissolves polysorbate and propylene glycol, add medicinal basic to regulate pH value to 4~8 to make its dissolving.Add gac, whip attachment 30min, carbon removal, smart filter, embedding, sterilizing.
embodiment 8:
The preparation of injection lyophilized powder:
The taurate 50mg of Compound I-4
Medicinal basic 0.1-7.0%
N.F,USP MANNITOL 55-85%
Preparation method: get activeconstituents and add water for injection, regulate pH value to make its dissolving to 4-8 with medicinal basic.Add N.F,USP MANNITOL again, by the requirement of injection, carry out autoclaving, add gac, adopt filtering with microporous membrane, filtrate is carried out packing, adopts freeze-drying, makes loose block, and sealing, obtains.