CN102503607B - Microbial organic fertilizer special for organic kiwi fruit and preparation method for microbial organic fertilizer - Google Patents
Microbial organic fertilizer special for organic kiwi fruit and preparation method for microbial organic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a microbial organic fertilizer special for organic kiwi fruit and a preparation method for the microbial organic fertilizer. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: adding a microbial inoculant, namely an effective micooorganisms (EM) compound inoculants into raw materials such as soybean oil residue, ginger plant, cushaw stem, wax gourd stem and greenhouse cucumber stem, and preparing a fermented material by using a batch-charging fermentation composting method; and airing or drying the fermented material to obtain a powdery product. The microbial organic fertilizer special for the organic kiwi fruit fully meets the absorption requirement of the kiwi fruit in two aspects, namely nutrient proportioning and periodic nutrient supply, has high nutrient content, can effectively improve the yield of the kiwi fruit, and can reach the standard of producing organic kiwi fruit. Through field trial, a good effect of increasing the yield of the organic fruit is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bio-organic fertilizer, particularly a kind of for special-purpose bio-organic fertilizer of organic Kiwi cultivation and preparation method thereof, belong to the organic fertilizer production technical field.
Background technology
Kiwifruit is a kind of nutritious fruit, and its fruit Vitamin C content is high, than high several times of the fruit such as citrus, apple, even tens times.China's Kiwifruit Culture area enlarged year by year in recent years.But the Kiwifruit of many local cultivations, due to abuse chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, hormone, weedicide etc., although output obviously improves, the fresh fruit nutrient composition content is low, quality is low, taste bad will, and storage tolerance, greatly do not affected the market sale price.
Test-results shows, organic farming can improve exterior quality and the inner quality of Kiwi fresh fruit to a certain extent, all to some extent higher than conventional cultivation, and total acid content is lower than conventional cultivation at aspects such as soluble solid, total reducing sugar, soluble sugar, soluble protein, Vitamin C contents for the Kiwi fresh fruit of organic farming.Therefore, in order to improve the Kiwifruit quality, increase the economic benefit of plantation, the organic grow of China's Kiwifruit develops rapidly.CN1136884 (95105346.9) discloses a kind of technique for culturing yangtao, it mainly comprises seed collection and processing, grows seedlings, transplants, prunes, ties up the steps such as climing and fertilising, and the Kiwifruit of cultivating according to this method has the advantage that environmental compatibility is strong, fruit is large, output is high, best in quality and mouthfeel is good.
CN101555170 (200910022116.4) provides a kind of special fertilizer for Chinese goosebeery and preparation technology, and this document is that humic acid is become humate and adds nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer and make through after oxidation modification.This fertilizer belongs to organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer, can not be used for the organic grow of Kiwifruit.
An important difference of Kiwifruit organic grow and general planting is exactly to use the fertilizer of chemosynthesis, and main application of organic fertilizers material.At present, the quantity of China peasant oneself preparation farmyard manure (being fertilizer) is very limited, can not satisfy Kiwifruit fertilising needs.The organic commercial fertilizer raw material of suitability for industrialized production is complicated, easily the fine quality production of Kiwifruit produced various problems: at first, contain harmful ingredients in some fertilizer, as containing excessive heavy metal take sewage work's biochemical sludge, domestic waste as the fertilizer of main material production, the fertilizer take animal excrement as main material production contains some harmful fodder additives; Secondly, nutrient content is not suitable with Kiwifruit high yield, stable yields needs, and main manifestations is that nutrient content is low; Moreover due to existing preparation method's restriction, the nutrient supply of fertilizer does not meet the absorption requirement of Kiwifruit.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of organic Kiwi bio-organic fertilizer special and preparation method thereof.The application method of this fertilizer also is provided.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is according to Features of Nutrient Absorption in Kiwifruit year breeding cycle, utilize much higher kind of organism of nutrient content and contained various nutrients thereof characteristics, decompose the difficulty or ease characteristic of becoming thoroughly decomposed and carry out reasonable disposition, fermentation maturity method by fed batch, make the fertilizer of inventing substantially satisfy Kiwifruit absorption requirement aspect nutrient proportioning and period nutrient supply two, and nutrient content is high, Kiwifruit output can be effectively improved, and the standard of producing organic Kiwi can be reached.Through field test, obtained good effect.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
The organic Kiwi bio-organic fertilizer special, raw materials quality part is as follows:
50～250 parts of the soya-bean oil dregs of fat,
300～450 parts of Da Jiang plant,
50～200 parts of Cushaw stems,
100～250 parts of Stem of Chinese Waxgourd,
120～220 parts, plastic tent cucumber rattan,
5～10 parts of microbiobacterial agent EM composite fungus agents.
Adopt the fermentation maturity method of fed batch to make: by proportioning, first with Cushaw stem 1/2nd, Stem of Chinese Waxgourd 1/2nd, the plastic tent cucumber rattan 1/2nd, microbiobacterial agent EM composite fungus agent 1/2nd, mixed-stacking fermentation 8-16 days; Add again the soya-bean oil dregs of fat 1/2nd, Cushaw stem 1/2nd, Stem of Chinese Waxgourd 1/2nd, the plastic tent cucumber rattan 1/2nd, the Da Jiang plant 1/2nd, 1/2nd the mixing of microbiobacterial agent EM composite fungus agent, then heap fermentation 8-12 days; Add at last the soya-bean oil dregs of fat 1/2nd, the Da Jiang plant 1/2nd, continued heap fermentation 10-12 days.
The described soya-bean oil dregs of fat are soybean remaining residues when squeezing rear filtration grease.
Described Da Jiang plant is over-ground part, and Cushaw stem, Stem of Chinese Waxgourd, plastic tent cucumber rattan are the ground plant part after picking fruit, are air-dry thing.
Described microbial fermentation microbial inoculum is EM composite fungus agent (EM is the abbreviation of EffectiveMicroorganesms), and it is with 5 sections' 10 genus 80 multiple-microorganisms such as photosynthetic bacteria group, yeast flora, lactobacillus, actinomycete group, mycorhiza flora compound a kind of typing microbial inoculum of cultivating in same state.Be brown translucent liquid, the pH value is between 3.5～4.5.Market is on sale.
According to the present invention, preferred, the organic Kiwi bio-organic fertilizer special, raw materials quality part is as follows:
180～220 parts of the soya-bean oil dregs of fat,
330～370 parts of Da Jiang plant,
90～110 parts of Cushaw stems,
180～220 parts of Stem of Chinese Waxgourd,
140～150 parts, plastic tent cucumber rattan,
6.5～7.5 parts of microbiobacterial agent EM composite fungus agents.
According to the present invention, a kind of preparation method of organic Kiwi bio-organic fertilizer special, step is as follows:
(1) by proportioning, get respectively 1/2nd of Cushaw stem, Stem of Chinese Waxgourd, plastic tent cucumber rattan, microbiobacterial agent EM composite fungus agent, mix; The moisture of adjusting compound is 55～60wt%, timing when temperature rises to 55 ℃, heap fermentation 4～9 days; Timing when turning, temperature rise to 50 ℃ again, heap fermentation 4～7 days; Described fermenting twice number of days sum is 8-16 days.
(2) getting respectively 1/2nd of the soya-bean oil dregs of fat, Cushaw stem, Stem of Chinese Waxgourd, plastic tent cucumber rattan, Da Jiang plant, microbiobacterial agent EM composite fungus agent adds in the mixture that above-mentioned steps (1) fermented, adjustment moisture is 55～60wt%, timing when temperature rises to 55 ℃, heap fermentation 5～7 days; Timing when turning, temperature rise to 50 ℃ again, heap fermentation 3～5 days; Described fermenting twice number of days sum is 8-12 days.
(3) the soya-bean oil dregs of fat, the Da Jiang plant of residual content added together in the mixture that step (2) fermented, the moisture of adjusting compound is 50～55wt%, and material temperature clocks when rising to 50 ℃, continues heap fermentation 10-12 days.Get fermentation material.
(4) step (3) gained fermentation material dried or dry to moisture content less than 20wt%, getting powdery product.
The nitrogen of organic Kiwi bio-organic fertilizer special of the present invention, phosphorus, three kinds of nutrient total amounts of potassium reach 7～12% mass percents.
The application of organic Kiwi bio-organic fertilizer special of the present invention, rate of fertilizer application are 25～30 kilograms of the annual every strains of Kiwifruit bearing tree, 15～25 kilograms of the annual every strains of Kiwifruit treelet.Fertilizing method is, after the previous year fruit harvesting, digs the ditch of dark 20～40 centimetres on tree crown edge projection line, applies fertilizer and part soil and mixes afterwards that earthing waters.Other management is carried out according to a conventional method.
Excellent results of the present invention is as follows:
1. the nutrient status in fertilizer can satisfy Kiwifruit year different growing needs
Organic matter fermentation one of the purpose of producing fertilizer of becoming thoroughly decomposed is that the macromolecular substance that will contain the nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus in organism decomposes, and discharges the small molecules form that crop can absorb.The time length of digest process is determining the degree of decomposition of organic molecule and this season utilising efficiency of contained nutrient.Fertilizer of the present invention is according to the demand of different growth phases in Kiwifruit year breeding cycle to nutrient, employing is carried out the fed batch mode to the fertilizer raw material, make that in the fertilizer the finished product of fermentation maturity, nutrient is in different significant conditiones, be manured into soil and substantially meet Kiwifruit absorption requirement rear time of releasing, be conducive to absorbing of nutrient, satisfy Kiwifruit year different growing needs.
2. nutrient reasonable ratio
The present invention is by investigating gas chromatography, analyzing discovery, and the potassium cellulose content of Da Jiang plant is higher, and the nitrogen contents such as the soya-bean oil dregs of fat, Cushaw stem, Stem of Chinese Waxgourd are high; Because soil nutrient content in the cucumber booth is high more a lot of than the field, a large amount of nutrients accumulations of cucumber luxury absorption are in cauline leaf, so the total nutrient content that the plastic tent cucumber rattan is accumulated is high.Bio-organic fertilizer special of the present invention accurately coordinates fermentation maturity according to demand and the selected organic nutrient content characteristics to nutrient in Kiwifruit year breeding cycle, and the fertilizer nutrient reasonable ratio of production is with strong points.
3. nutrient content is high, is conducive to the Kiwifruit high yield
According to China's standard, in fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, three kinds of nutrient total amounts of potassium are qualified organic commercial fertilizer more than or equal to 4%, and therefore, three kinds of nutrient total amount scopes of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium of China's fertilizer are between 4%～6% at present.The selected organic raw material nutrient content of the present invention is than 1～2 times of most of organic object height, the fertilizer nitrogen of producing, phosphorus, three kinds of nutrient total amounts of potassium reach 7%～12%, obviously improved the nutrient content of fertilizer, be conducive to improve Kiwifruit output, be specially adapted to use the organic Kiwi production of chemical fertilizer.
4. the fertilizer cleaning is pollution-free
The raw material of bio-organic fertilizer special of the present invention is all selected free of contamination organism, meets the organic Kiwi production requirement.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment, but be not limited to this.Raw material consumption umber in embodiment is mass parts, and all per-cents are mass percent.
The soya-bean oil dregs of fat are that Shandong wide life limited-liability company produces; The microbial fermentation microbial inoculum is the EM composite fungus agent, and Jiangxi Tianyi Biologic Technology Development Co., Ltd. produces.
Embodiment 1: the organic Kiwi bio-organic fertilizer special, and raw material is composed as follows:
Soya-bean oil dregs of fat 100kg,
Da Jiang plant 400kg,
Cushaw stem 200kg,
Stem of Chinese Waxgourd 130kg,
Plastic tent cucumber rattan 165kg,
Microbiobacterial agent EM composite fungus agent 5kg.
The preparation method:
(1) get the 2.5kg of Cushaw stem 100kg, Stem of Chinese Waxgourd 65kg, plastic tent cucumber rattan 82.5kg, microbiobacterial agent EM composite fungus agent, mix; The moisture of adjusting compound is 55wt%, timing when temperature rises to 55 ℃, heap fermentation 8 days; Timing when turning, temperature rise to 50 ℃ again, heap fermentation 4 days.
(2) get soya-bean oil dregs of fat 50kg, Cushaw stem 100kg, Stem of Chinese Waxgourd 65kg, plastic tent cucumber rattan 82.5kg, Da Jiang plant 200kg, microbiobacterial agent EM composite fungus agent 2.5kg, add in the mixture that above-mentioned steps (1) fermented, adjustment moisture is 55wt%, timing when temperature rises to 55 ℃, heap fermentation 7 days; Timing when turning, temperature rise to 50 ℃ again, heap fermentation 3 days.
(3) the soya-bean oil dregs of fat, the Da Jiang plant of residual content added together in the mixture that step (2) fermented, the moisture of adjusting compound is 50wt%, and material temperature clocks when rising to 50 ℃, continues heap fermentation 10 days.Get fermentation material.
(4) step (3) gained fermentation material is dried to moisture content less than 20wt%, get product.
Embodiment 2: the organic Kiwi bio-organic fertilizer special, and raw material is composed as follows:
Soya-bean oil dregs of fat 150kg,
Da Jiang plant 300kg,
Cushaw stem 150kg,
Stem of Chinese Waxgourd 180kg,
Plastic tent cucumber rattan 210kg,
Microbiobacterial agent EM composite fungus agent 10kg.
The preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3: the organic Kiwi bio-organic fertilizer special, and raw material is composed as follows:
Soya-bean oil dregs of fat 200kg,
Da Jiang plant 350kg,
Cushaw stem 100kg,
Stem of Chinese Waxgourd 200kg,
Plastic tent cucumber rattan 143kg,
Microbiobacterial agent EM composite fungus agent 7kg.
The preparation method:
(1) get the 3.5kg of Cushaw stem 50kg, Stem of Chinese Waxgourd 100kg, plastic tent cucumber rattan 71.5kg, microbiobacterial agent EM composite fungus agent, mix; The moisture of adjusting compound is 60wt%, timing when temperature rises to 55 ℃, heap fermentation 6 days; Timing when turning, temperature rise to 50 ℃ again, heap fermentation 6 days.
(2) get soya-bean oil dregs of fat 100kg, Cushaw stem 50kg, Stem of Chinese Waxgourd 100kg, plastic tent cucumber rattan 71.5kg, Da Jiang plant 175kg, microbiobacterial agent EM composite fungus agent 3.5kg, add in the mixture that above-mentioned steps (1) fermented, adjustment moisture is 60wt%, timing when temperature rises to 55 ℃, heap fermentation 5 days; Timing when turning, temperature rise to 50 ℃ again, heap fermentation 5 days.
(3) the soya-bean oil dregs of fat, the Da Jiang plant of residual content added together in the mixture that step (2) fermented, the moisture of adjusting compound is 55wt%, and material temperature clocks when rising to 50 ℃, continues heap fermentation 12 days.Get fermentation material.
(4) step (3) gained fermentation material is dried to moisture content less than 20wt%, get product.
Embodiment 4: the organic Kiwi bio-organic fertilizer special, and raw material is composed as follows:
Soya-bean oil dregs of fat 50kg,
Da Jiang plant 450kg,
Cushaw stem 162kg,
Stem of Chinese Waxgourd 150kg,
Plastic tent cucumber rattan 180kg,
Microbiobacterial agent EM composite fungus agent 8kg.
The preparation method is with embodiment 3.
Comparative Examples: common fertilizer, Shandong Guangda Fertilizer Technology Co., Ltd. produces, organic content 38.6%, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium total nutrient 4.72%.Be mass percent.
The effect of above embodiment 1～4 and Comparative Examples is as follows:
Test site: Boshan District, Shandong Province, Xixia, Henan.
Test period: year October in October, 2010 to 2011.
For trying Kiwifruit Cultivars: two places are Hayward all, the age of tree 8 years.
Embodiment 1-4 is identical with the Comparative Examples fertilizer amount, 28 kilograms of annual every strains.Embodiment is identical with Comparative Examples fertilizer fertilizing method, and is all disposable employed after the previous year fruit harvesting.Fertilizing method is to dig the ditch of dark 30 centimetres on tree crown edge projection line, and after applying fertilizer and part soil mixing, earthing waters.Other management is carried out according to a conventional method.Effect sees Table 1.
Table 1. is compared the application effect of embodiment 1-4 with Comparative Examples
Claims (3)
1. organic Kiwi bio-organic fertilizer special, raw materials quality part is as follows:
Described Da Jiang plant is over-ground part;
Preparation according to the following steps:
(1) by proportioning, get respectively 1/2nd of Cushaw stem, Stem of Chinese Waxgourd, plastic tent cucumber rattan, microbiobacterial agent EM composite fungus agent, mix; The moisture of adjusting compound is 55～60wt%, timing when temperature rises to 55 ° of C, heap fermentation 4～9 days; Timing when turning, temperature rise to 50 ° of C, heap fermentation 4～7 days;
(2) getting respectively 1/2nd of the soya-bean oil dregs of fat, Cushaw stem, Stem of Chinese Waxgourd, plastic tent cucumber rattan, Da Jiang plant, microbiobacterial agent EM composite fungus agent adds in the mixture that above-mentioned steps (1) fermented, adjustment moisture is 55～60wt%, timing when temperature rises to 55 ° of C, heap fermentation 5～7 days; Timing when turning, temperature rise to 50 ° of C, heap fermentation 3～5 days;
(3) the soya-bean oil dregs of fat, the Da Jiang plant of residual content added together in the mixture that step (2) fermented, the moisture of adjusting compound is 50～55wt%, and material temperature clocks when rising to 50 ° of C, continues heap fermentation 10～12 days; Get fermentation material;
(4) step (3) gained fermentation material dried or dry to moisture content less than 20wt%, getting powdery product.
2. organic Kiwi bio-organic fertilizer special as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that raw materials quality part is as follows:
3. the application of the described organic Kiwi bio-organic fertilizer special of claim 1 or 2, wherein, the rate of fertilizer application of described organic Kiwi bio-organic fertilizer special is 25～30 kilograms of the annual every strains of Kiwifruit bearing tree, 15～25 kilograms of the annual every strains of Kiwifruit treelet; Fertilizing method is, after the previous year fruit harvesting, digs the ditch of dark 20～40 centimetres on tree crown edge projection line, applies fertilizer and part soil and mixes afterwards that earthing waters.
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| CN103058771B (en) * | 2013-01-12 | 2014-07-09 | 重庆润绿生物有机肥有限公司 | Controlled-release and slow-release compound fertilizer specialized for kiwi fruit |
| CN105084962A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2015-11-25 | 喻彬 | Liangtuosibu method for producing organic agricultural product |
| CN104938272A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-09-30 | 张亚南 | Planting method for organic kiwi fruits |
| CN106831268A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-06-13 | 贵州飞水利荣科技有限公司 | Special fertilizer for Chinese goosebeery and its production method |
| CN107098759A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-08-29 | 贵州省正安县桴焉猕猴桃产业发展有限公司 | A kind of Kiwi berry plantation organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108395336A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-08-14 | 贵州玉屏建发农林科技有限公司 | A kind of Kiwi berry organic fertilizer and its production technology |
| CN108689775A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-10-23 | 贵州义龙万丰生态肥业有限公司 | A kind of Kiwi berry fertilizer special for organic and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1044801C (en) * | 1993-11-10 | 1999-08-25 | 杨刚杰 | Organic fertilizer capable of improving soil and its prodn. |
| CN101503315A (en) * | 2009-03-18 | 2009-08-12 | 华富腐植酸集团有限公司天水银宝化工厂 | Humic acid biological organic composite bacterial manure and production process |
| CN101734959B (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2010-12-08 | 山东光大肥业科技有限公司 | Special organic fertilizer for solanaceous fruit organic vegetables and preparing method thereof |
| CN101774849B (en) * | 2010-01-20 | 2011-01-19 | 山东光大肥业科技有限公司 | Special organic fertilizer for cultivating herbaceous organic fruits and preparation method thereof |
| CN101774832B (en) * | 2010-01-20 | 2011-02-16 | 山东光大肥业科技有限公司 | Organic fertilizer special for cultivating tuber vegetable organic farm products and preparation method thereof |
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