CN102499193A - Near-shore cultivating and breeding method and device suitable for dendroidal Hermatypic coral - Google Patents
Near-shore cultivating and breeding method and device suitable for dendroidal Hermatypic coral Download PDFInfo
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- CN102499193A CN102499193A CN2011103939075A CN201110393907A CN102499193A CN 102499193 A CN102499193 A CN 102499193A CN 2011103939075 A CN2011103939075 A CN 2011103939075A CN 201110393907 A CN201110393907 A CN 201110393907A CN 102499193 A CN102499193 A CN 102499193A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a near-shore cultivating and breeding method and device suitable for dendroidal Hermatypic coral. The method comprises the steps of: fixing a dendroidal Hermatypic coral attaching device onto flat reef bottom or gravel bottom at the seabed of a shallow and near-shore sea area with water depth of 2-10 m at the time of low tide, wherein the dendroidal Hermatypic coral attaching device comprises an attaching frame and a supporting rack thereof, multiple attaching strips are arranged in the attaching frame, and multiple attaching branches are fixed on the attaching strips; and binding the dendroidal Hermatypic coral to the attaching branches in a ramification manner, so that the dendroidal Hermatypic coral grows in the ramification manner 15-20 cm away from the seabed. As compared with dendroidal Hermatypic coral subjected to traditional cement block transplanting, the dendroidal Hermatypic coral cultivated by the near-shore cultivating and breeding method suitable for dendroidal Hermatypic coral has the advantages of low mortality, high survival rate, higher growth rate and more healthy coral condition.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the artificial recovery technique of coral reef, relate in particular to and a kind ofly be suitable for the dendritic offshore cultivation of making the reef coral of branchs and breed method and device thereof.
Background technology:
Coral reef is " tropical rain forest " in the ocean, for the biology in the ocean provides habitat and protection institute, is the important ecosystem in the ocean.Since the seventies in 20th century, coral reef receives influence human and environmental change, and existing 1/4th coral reef is destroyed fully, becomes and slows down the important hope that coral reef is degenerated and accelerated the coral recovery so make reef coral recovery technique.
The vegetative propagation of the main now dependence coral of the manual reversion of coral reef is main, reaches the purpose of recovering impaired coral reef coral quantity through transplanting corallite or cultivating little corallite.Utilize this method to recover coral reef and have the survival rate height, do not receive advantages such as season limit.Particularly divide the dendritic main dominant population of reef coral of making as coral reef, have growth fast, make that reef is fast, sight is strong, and make it become main transplanting type for the coral reef biology provides the characteristics of sanctuary.
China is still blank still belonging to the starting stage aspect the coral reef reparation in the work aspect the field cultivation of making the reef coral.The transplanting of making the reef coral also only is directly coral to be fixed on seabed or the reef, and the coral of transplanting is subject to influence and the death of sediments, harmful animal and typhoon.Daya Gulf sticks to block coral and is transplanted to the Chi Zhou island on the cement plate in Huizhou for Chinese Academy of Science Nanhai Ocean Research Institute 2008, and survival rate is greater than 95%.The chrysanthemum coral of the bulk that Chen Hong will be easy to survive in the Sanya in 2007-2008 is transplanted to and is fixed on the online of reef surface, obtains being higher than 95% survival rate.It all is the block coral to being easy to survive that these corals are transplanted, and The Deer Turning lts Head carries out the transplanting of small scale experiments property in the Sanya to divide the transplanting of dendritic coral to have only Chen Gang in 1993, wherein has only 7 dendritic corallites of branch, and responsive to environmental change.
The example that utilizes different technologies to cultivate and transplant coral is abroad arranged, and for example Japan utilizes iron nail and band directly coral to be fixed on the reef; Philippine with coral be bonded at put into again on the cement block marine; The U.S. utilizes the cement frame to cultivate corallite etc.But these cultivate with transplant mostly be transparent in water quality, sea area that stormy waves is less, or in darker marine site enforcement, and the example of transplanting and cultivating in and the water body that sediments is more frequent in the offshore mankind's activity is arranged seldom.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of cultivate simple and effective, can reduce bottom sediment to the influence of cultivating coral and avoid ingesting of harmful organisms such as drupe spiral shell and crown of thorns, make dendritic the making of the branchs dendritic offshore cultivation of making the reef coral of branch that is suitable for that the reef coral can be good at growing in coastal waters breed method and device thereof.
The dendritic offshore of making the reef coral of branch that is suitable for of the present invention is cultivated and to be bred method, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
With divide dendritic make at the bottom of the smooth reef in seabed, marine site that reef coral attaching device is fixed on shallow sea offshore, the time of low water depth of water 2～10m or at the bottom of the rubble on; This branch is dendritic makes reef coral attaching device and comprises and adhere to frame and bracing frame thereof; In adhering to frame, be provided with several and adhere to bar; Be fixed with several hyphopodes on the bar adhering to,, make the dendritic branch of making the reef coral of branch be grown in the height of the end 15～20cm off sea dividing the dendritic reef coral branch of making to be banded on the hyphopode.
Preferably, also be fixed with hyphopode on the frame in described adhering to.
The reef coral of making that described branch is dendritic is preferably kinds such as the dendritic Acropora of branch, cup type coral, is cut into the branch of 5～10cm size, is banded on the hyphopode with band or fishing line, and the axle cup on branch top vertically upward.
For adapting to the enforcement that the dendritic offshore of making the reef coral of branch is cultivated the method for breeding that is suitable for of the present invention; The inventor has also designed and has divided the dendritic reef coral attaching device of making; It is characterized in that; Comprise and adhere to frame and bracing frame thereof, in adhering to frame, be provided with several and adhere to bar, be fixed with several hyphopodes on the bar adhering to.
Preferably, also be fixed with hyphopode on the frame in described adhering to equally.
Described hyphopode preferred length is 4～5cm, is beneficial to the fixing dendritic reef coral branch of making that divides.
More than the preferred 20cm of distance between the described adjacent hyphopode, think the growth slot milling of coral.
The present invention compares and prior art, and its beneficial effect is following:
The reef coral attaching device of making that branch of the present invention is dendritic is easier to carrying with respect to heavy matrix such as cement blocks of the prior art, particularly is beneficial to carrying under water, helps reducing the workload that coral is transplanted.Divide the dendritic reef coral branch of making to be banded in unsettled growth on the hyphopode; Make the dendritic branch of making the reef coral of branch be grown in the height of the end 15～20cm off sea; The substrate biology is to its competition around not only having reduced; Also reduce the influence of bottom sediment, and made and make the reef coral more can increase its acceptance near the water surface illumination, helped its growth.Crown of thorns is as one of main threat biology of coral; Can climb stone, cement block, reach substrates that other have enough its suckers to adhere to; And branch of the present invention dendritic make reef coral attaching device; What frame was adhered in support is bracing frame, and bracing frame is unfavorable for that crown of thorns adheres to sucker, so can reduce crown of thorns to cultivating ingesting of coral.Though the drupe spiral shell can be climbed to the corallite place along bracing frame, bracing frame is some support bars with the part that substrate links to each other, and compares and matrix such as cement block, has reduced the drupe spiral shell to climb the probability to coral, has reduced the harm that the drupe spiral shell causes coral.
Utilize the dendritic offshore of making the reef coral of branch that is suitable for of the present invention to cultivate the method for breeding and cultivate and divide the dendritic reef coral of making, transplant than the traditional cement piece, its lethality is low, survival rate is high, growth rate is faster, and the coral situation is also more healthy.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the dendritic structural representation of making reef coral attaching device of branch of the present invention;
Wherein 1, bracing frame; 11, carriage; 12, support bar; 2, adhere to frame; 3, adhere to bar; 4, hyphopode.
Embodiment:
Following examples are to further specify of the present invention, rather than limitation of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1; The branch of present embodiment is dendritic makes square frame 2 and the bracing frame 1 thereof of adhering to that reef coral attaching device comprises length * wide=160cm * 80cm; Described bracing frame 1 comprises the square carriage 11 of length * wide=180cm * 100cm; Four angles at carriage 11 all are provided with a support bar 12, and an other end of support bar 12 links to each other with the square frame 2 corresponding angles of adhering to, and adhering to frame 2 is 18cm to the vertical range of carriage 11.Adhering on the long limit of frame 2, every at a distance from steel bar parallel of 20cm weldering system with the broadside that adheres to frame 2 as adhering to bar 3, weld 7 steel bars altogether, above-mentionedly adhere to frame, carriage, support bar and adhere to bar and all use the reinforcing bar of diameter 18mm to weld to make.As hyphopode 4, each adheres to can weld 5 hyphopodes 4 on the bar 3 to adhere on the bar 3 every, diameter high at a distance from 4～5cm of 20cm welding be 10mm, be directed upwardly little iron branch.Also every, diameter high at a distance from 4～5cm of 20cm welding is 10mm on the broadside that adheres to frame 2, the little iron branch that is directed upwardly is as hyphopode 4, can weld 5 hyphopodes 4 on each broadside.
In November, 2009 is The Deer Turning lts Head seashore, the time of low water depth of water 3～4m place in gulf, Sanya, Hainan, and the reef coral attaching device of making that the branch of making is dendritic is fixed on the seabed with the crooked chisel of buckle or thick nylon rope.Divide dendritic make zone that reef coral attaching device places be at the bottom of the smooth reef with rubble at the bottom of, avoid being placed at the bottom of the mud with the husky end on, prevent that attaching device from being buried by silt gradually, also reduce the influence of the silt rolled because of wave and current simultaneously to coral.
Select the dendritic cup-shaped coral parent of deer horn of branch of healthy no disease, the coral that will cultivate usefulness with nipper plier is cut into the big or small disconnected branch of 5～10cm.Select the tranquil weather of stormy waves to carry out the disconnected branch of coral and fix, diving is brought the disconnected branch of the coral that cuts into seabed, notices that different types of coral can not put together.The disconnected branch of coral vertically is banded on the dendritic hyphopode of making reef coral attaching device of branch with band or fishing line; Make it be close to hyphopode; Guarantee the disconnected branch of the coral end 15～20cm off sea; The disconnected branch of coral can not rock with wave or current like this, help the disconnected branch of coral as early as possible growth fixation on attaching device.The disconnected branch of coral is wanted vertical fixing, and the axle cup on coral branch top should be vertically upward.Only fixing coral on each hyphopode.Accomplish coral fixing after, nearby seashore and coral are cultivated the marine site and are stayed sign, indicate that fishing should be reduced in this marine site, activity such as fish, cast anchor, and avoid the cultivation effect because of effect of human activity coral.
After 6 months, the coral lethality that monitoring is cultivated with this method sticks to the lethality of the coral of the same race on the cement plate together with glue, find to utilize the coral lethality of this method to be merely 1/4th of another kind of method.In July, 2010 typhoon " Kang Sen " attacks the Sanya seashore, monitors the coral lethality after 2 months again, finds that the coral lethality that this method is cultivated is lower than 20%, is to cultivate the half the of coral method lethality with cement plate.And the coral growth rate that this method is cultivated obviously is superior to another kind of method, and the coral situation is also more healthy.Specifically as shown in table 1:
Table 1 method of the present invention and cement plate are transplanted the coral growing state
Claims (7)
1. one kind is suitable for the dendritic offshore of making the reef coral of branch and cultivates and to breed method, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
With divide dendritic make at the bottom of the smooth reef in seabed, marine site that reef coral attaching device is fixed on shallow sea offshore, the time of low water depth of water 2～10m or at the bottom of the rubble on; This branch is dendritic makes reef coral attaching device and comprises and adhere to frame and bracing frame thereof; In adhering to frame, be provided with several and adhere to bar; Be fixed with several hyphopodes on the bar adhering to,, make the dendritic branch of making the reef coral of branch be grown in the height of the end 15～20cm off sea dividing the dendritic reef coral branch of making to be banded on the hyphopode.
2. the dendritic offshore of making the reef coral of branch that is suitable for according to claim 1 is cultivated and to be bred method, it is characterized in that, also is fixed with hyphopode on the frame in described adhering to.
3. the dendritic offshore of making the reef coral of branch that is suitable for according to claim 1 is cultivated the method for breeding; It is characterized in that; What described branch was dendritic makes the reef coral for dividing dendritic Acropora or cup type coral; Be cut into the branch of 5～10cm size, be banded on the hyphopode with band or fishing line, the axle cup on branch top vertically upward.
4. a branch is dendritic makes reef coral attaching device, it is characterized in that, comprises and adheres to frame and bracing frame thereof, in adhering to frame, is provided with several and adheres to bar, is fixed with several hyphopodes on the bar adhering to.
5. branch according to claim 4 is dendritic makes reef coral attaching device, it is characterized in that, also is fixed with hyphopode on the frame in described adhering to.
6. branch according to claim 4 is dendritic makes reef coral attaching device, it is characterized in that described hyphopode length is 4～5cm.
7. branch according to claim 4 is dendritic makes reef coral attaching device, it is characterized in that the distance between the described adjacent hyphopode is more than the 20cm.
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| CN2011103939075A CN102499193A (en) | 2011-12-01 | 2011-12-01 | Near-shore cultivating and breeding method and device suitable for dendroidal Hermatypic coral |
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| CN2011103939075A CN102499193A (en) | 2011-12-01 | 2011-12-01 | Near-shore cultivating and breeding method and device suitable for dendroidal Hermatypic coral |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103858799A (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-06-18 | 广西红树林研究中心 | Underwater corallum cultivation nursery garden and application thereof |
| CN104285900A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2015-01-21 | 苏州市相城区新时代特种水产养殖场 | Artificial reproduction method of soft coral |
| CN105961230A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-09-28 | 广东海洋大学 | Cultivation and planting method for madrepore in natural sea area |
| CN106538445A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-03-29 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of coral reef skin grafing and mending device suitable for the South Sea |
| CN109757408A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-05-17 | 海南南海热带海洋研究所 | A method of quickly grow into coral reef |
Citations (4)
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| JPS63209532A (en) * | 1987-02-27 | 1988-08-31 | 株式会社 エコ− | Creation of transfer constructed coral reef |
| JPH06303875A (en) * | 1993-04-22 | 1994-11-01 | Sunao Uehara | Method for proliferating and transplanting coral by hanging fragment of reef-producing coral into sea |
| JPH0739270A (en) * | 1993-07-29 | 1995-02-10 | Sunao Uehara | Method for asexual reproduction of reef-producing coral method for creating fish reef utilizing buoyant unit |
| CN101406168A (en) * | 2008-11-18 | 2009-04-15 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Method for recovering coral reef ecologic system and device for adhering juvenile of hermatypic coral thereof |
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2011
- 2011-12-01 CN CN2011103939075A patent/CN102499193A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63209532A (en) * | 1987-02-27 | 1988-08-31 | 株式会社 エコ− | Creation of transfer constructed coral reef |
| JPH06303875A (en) * | 1993-04-22 | 1994-11-01 | Sunao Uehara | Method for proliferating and transplanting coral by hanging fragment of reef-producing coral into sea |
| JPH0739270A (en) * | 1993-07-29 | 1995-02-10 | Sunao Uehara | Method for asexual reproduction of reef-producing coral method for creating fish reef utilizing buoyant unit |
| CN101406168A (en) * | 2008-11-18 | 2009-04-15 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Method for recovering coral reef ecologic system and device for adhering juvenile of hermatypic coral thereof |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103858799A (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-06-18 | 广西红树林研究中心 | Underwater corallum cultivation nursery garden and application thereof |
| CN104285900A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2015-01-21 | 苏州市相城区新时代特种水产养殖场 | Artificial reproduction method of soft coral |
| CN104285900B (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2016-06-01 | 苏州市相城区新时代特种水产养殖场 | The artificial fecundation method of a kind of soft coral |
| CN105961230A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-09-28 | 广东海洋大学 | Cultivation and planting method for madrepore in natural sea area |
| CN106538445A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-03-29 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of coral reef skin grafing and mending device suitable for the South Sea |
| CN109757408A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-05-17 | 海南南海热带海洋研究所 | A method of quickly grow into coral reef |
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Application publication date: 20120620 |