CN102496475B - A kind of super capacitor electrode sheet based on Graphene and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of super capacitor electrode sheet based on Graphene and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN102496475B
CN102496475B CN201110362799.5A CN201110362799A CN102496475B CN 102496475 B CN102496475 B CN 102496475B CN 201110362799 A CN201110362799 A CN 201110362799A CN 102496475 B CN102496475 B CN 102496475B
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graphene
electrode sheet
super capacitor
sheet based
electrode slice
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CN102496475A (en
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王振中
蔡燕
蒋建伟
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The Sixth Element (Changzhou) Ltd.
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SIXTH ELEMENT (CHANGZHOU) Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/13Energy storage using capacitors

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of super capacitor electrode sheet based on Graphene and preparation method thereof, belong to super capacitor technology field.Electrode slice disclosed in this invention is formed by the Graphene derived material self assembly of a kind of porous, three-dimensional structure, has very high specific area.During preparation, above-mentioned grapheme material powder is evenly dispersed in organic solvent, then through ultrasonic, filter and dry, form the thin slice of desired thickness in the mode of self assembly.Just can as the electrode slice of super capacitor after this thin slice cutting, in all kinds of super capacitor such as button and takeup type.Electrode slice of the present invention, has the advantage that aperture passage distribution is reasonable, ratio capacitance is large, internal resistance is little and the life-span is long.

Description

A kind of super capacitor electrode sheet based on Graphene and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electrode slice of super capacitor, more particularly, relate to a kind of with Graphene derived material be active material super capacitor electrode sheet and preparation technology thereof, belong to super capacitor technology field.
Background technology
Super capacitor be a kind of between traditional capacitance and storage battery, the special novel energy-storing device of performance, there is the advantages such as power density is high, the charging interval is short, long service life.The electrode slice of conventional Super electric capacity is all based on porous active Carbon Materials, and the specific area of this kind of Carbon Materials is usually at 1000 m 2/ g ~ 2000 m 2between/g.Use the electric capacity obtained by this Carbon Materials, quality is than the value (employing organic electrolyte) between 100 F/g ~ 120 F/g of electric capacity.Graphene is the monoatomic layer two dimensional crystal that carbon atom arranges by hexagonal structure, and be nano material the thinnest at present, theoretical specific surface area is up to 2630 m 2/ g, and conduct electricity very well, stable chemical performance, these advantages make grapheme material in ultracapacitor, have huge using value.
CN101870466A discloses a kind of preparation method of electrode material graphene nanometer sheet and the electrode slice of preparation thereof, and in that patent, the graphene nanometer sheet obtained by ball-milling method mixes with organic binder bond, bonds and is rolled into electrode slice.US Patent No. 7875219B2 discloses a kind of super capacitor electrode sheet using graphene nanometer sheet to prepare.In that patent, flake graphite alkene is condensed together by organic binder bond, stays a certain amount of space, as shown in Figure 1 between graphene film and sheet.A part in these spaces can form passage, and the electrolyte of super capacitor can spread in these interstitial channels.These two patents above-mentioned all using graphene nanometer sheet as the active material of electrode slice, and all use organic polymer materials that graphene nanometer sheet is bonded together formation electrode slice.The defect of above-mentioned two technology is: on the one hand, to bond graphene nanometer sheet with binding agent, be difficult to the void size effectively between control strip and sheet and form passage by space, this seriously reduces the utilance of graphenic surface, limits the free diffusing of super capacitor electrolyte.What is more important, between graphene film and sheet, organic polymer materials reduces the conductance of electrode slice, thus adds the internal resistance of super capacitor, limits the power density of super capacitor.On the other hand, the graphene nanometer sheet that ball-milling method is obtained, its specific area is far below three-dimensional, porous graphene derived material.For super capacitor, the specific area of electrode slice material directly determines the ratio capacitance value of electric capacity.The technical problem of above-mentioned two aspects all constrains the performance of graphene nano electrode slice disclosed in aforementioned two patents.
Another patent CN102070140A of our company discloses a kind of method utilizing highly basic chemical treatment to obtain preparing high-specific surface area graphene material, and can obtain the Graphene derived material of three-dimensional, porous, specific area is up to 1500m 2/ g ~ 3000m 2/ g, keeps the high conductance of material simultaneously.Super capacitor electrode sheet of the present invention just based on above-mentioned patent grapheme material and develop.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the difficulty of above-mentioned prior art, the invention provides following technical scheme:
Based on a super capacitor electrode sheet for Graphene, described electrode slice contains the grapheme material of a kind of three-dimensional, loose structure.Particularly, the density of described electrode slice is 0.05g/cm 3to 1g/cm 3, thickness is 50nm to 500 μm, and electrode slice thickness can be regulated by the concentration of finely disseminated stable black suspension or volume.
Further, in described grapheme material, the content of protium is extremely low, and carbon purity is very high, and between carbon atom, almost 100% ground is connected by sp2 key simultaneously, and conduct electricity very well, conductance is greater than 100S/m; And/or its specific area is greater than 2600m 2/ g, and/or its pore diameter range is 2nm to 100nm.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned super capacitor electrode sheet based on Graphene, step is as follows: (1) takes three-dimensional, porous graphene material powder be distributed in organic solvent, obtains black suspension after ultrasonic 1 to 30 minutes; (2) pour the black suspension of step (1) into filter, filter and obtain graphene platelet; (3) graphene platelet of step (2) is carried out drying process; (4) graphene platelet after step (3) drying process is carried out cutting, obtain described super capacitor electrode sheet.
Described organic solvent is a kind of or any two the above combinations in DMF (DMF), 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (DMSO), oxolane (THF), propene carbonate (PC), acetone, acetonitrile, pyridine, chlorobenzene.
Describedly be filtered into vacuum filtration or gas press filtration.
Described drying is treated to vacuumize or the infra-red drying of 50 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C.
Just as positive pole and negative electricity pole piece, in all kinds of super capacitor such as button and takeup type, the advantage that aperture passage distribution is reasonable, ratio capacitance is large, internal resistance is little and the life-span is long can be had after described graphene platelet (i.e. super capacitor electrode sheet) cutting.Super capacitor obtained by described electrode slice, electrode slice has the network-like hole passage be interconnected, and ratio capacitance is greater than 150 F/g, and energy density is greater than 20 Wh/kg.
Particularly, advantage of the present invention is:
The porous of producing with method described in patent CN102070140A, the Graphene derived material of three-dimensional structure are for electrode slice active material, many network-like aperture passage be interconnected are dispersed with in the electrode obtained sheet, super capacitor electrolyte fully freely can spread in these aperture passage, large with the super capacitor ratio capacitance obtained by this electrode slice.In preparation technology, super capacitor electrode sheet is obtained by the self assembly of this Graphene derived material, avoid using the Organic adhesive such as the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) that adopts in traditional electrical pole piece manufacturing process and Kynoar (PVDF), reduce the resistance of electrode slice.This technique can the thickness of control electrode sheet, size and shape well, is particularly suitable for industrialization large-scale production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and forms a part for specification, together with embodiments of the present invention for explaining the present invention, is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the microstructure schematic diagram of Graphene electrodes sheet disclosed in US Patent No. 7875219B2;
Fig. 2 is the microstructure schematic diagram after electrode slice partial enlargement of the present invention, and in figure, 1 is electrode slice, and 2 is partial enlarged drawing;
Fig. 3 is the atomic structure schematic diagram of the present invention's three-dimensional used, porous graphene derived material;
Fig. 4 is the technique the electrode obtained sheet adopting the embodiment of the present invention 1, is assembled into the cycle charge-discharge attenuation curve figure of button super capacitor;
Fig. 5 is the scanning electron microscopic picture of electrode slice cross section obtained by preparation method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of method preparing super capacitor electrode sheet, comprise following preparation process: 1, take with described in patent CN102070140A method produce 100 milligrams, grapheme material powder (choose the grapheme material powder that quality meets application claims, wherein grapheme material specific area is greater than 2600m 2/ g, conductance is greater than 100mS/m), be placed in agate mortar, grinding is evenly; 2, by above-mentioned ground powder, join in 100 ml DMFs, stir latter ultrasonic 5 minutes, obtain finely dispersed black suspension; 3, pour dark solution into Vacuum filtration device, carry out suction filtration; 4, vacuum drying chamber put into by the graphene platelet filter cake obtained by suction filtration, and drying box temperature is set to 50 DEG C, carries out drying process 30 minutes; 5, the paper-like graphene film obtained after drying is cut into the round thin slice (super capacitor electrode sheet) of diameter 12 mm, its density is 0.1g/cm 3, thickness is 100nm, for button super capacitor.
Fig. 4 gives the cycle charge-discharge attenuation curve with above-mentioned electrode slice assembling gained button super capacitor, and wherein electrolyte used is the tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (Et4NBF4) of 1 mol/L.As we can see from the figure, adopt the ratio capacitance of above-mentioned electrode slice up to 159 F/g, after 500 charge and discharge cycles, ratio capacitance still keeps during first discharge and recharge about 94%.Illustrate that the electrode slice ratio capacitance prepared by the method is large, long service life.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of method preparing super capacitor electrode sheet, comprise following preparation process: 1, take Graphene derived material powder 200 g(produced with method described in patent CN102070140A and choose the grapheme material powder that quality meets application claims, wherein grapheme material conductance is greater than 100mS/m, pore diameter range is 2nm ~ 100nm), be placed in grinder, grinding evenly; 2, add 100 L 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidones in a kettle., then pour the powder after above-mentioned grinding into reactor, stir latter ultrasonic 20 minutes, obtain finely dispersed black suspension; 3, pour above-mentioned dark solution into gas filter-pressing device, carry out press filtration; 4, vacuum infrared drying box put into by graphene platelet filter cake press filtration obtained, and carries out drying process; 5, sheared by the paper-like graphene film obtained after drying, obtaining wide is the long band (super capacitor electrode sheet) of 10 cm, and its density is 0.3g/cm 3, thickness is 10 μm, for winding type super electric capacity.
Fig. 5 gives the cross-sectional scans Electronic Speculum figure preparing electrode slice with said method.
Embodiment 3:
Prepare a method for super capacitor electrode sheet, method step is as embodiment 2, and wherein, the specific area of grapheme material powder is greater than 2600m 2/ g, conductance is greater than 100mS/m, and pore diameter range is 2nm ~ 100nm, and reaction dissolvent is acetonitrile, and ultrasonic time is 30 minutes, and baking temperature is 150 DEG C, and carry out drying process 5 minutes, the density of the super capacitor electrode sheet obtained is 0.8g/cm 3, thickness is 100 μm.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. based on a super capacitance electrode sheet for Graphene, it is characterized in that, described electrode slice is made up in the mode of self assembly of three-dimensional, porous graphene material,
Described self assembly step is as follows: (1) take three-dimensional, porous Graphene derived material powder and be distributed in organic solvent, obtain black suspension after ultrasonic 1 minute ~ 30 minutes; (2) pour the black suspension of step (1) into filter, filter and obtain graphene platelet; (3) graphene platelet of step (2) is carried out drying process; (4) graphene platelet after step (3) drying process is carried out cutting, obtain described super capacitor electrode sheet.
2. the super capacitance electrode sheet based on Graphene according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the density of described electrode slice is 0.05g/cm 3~ 1g/cm 3, thickness is 50nm ~ 500 μm.
3. the super capacitance electrode sheet based on Graphene according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described grapheme material specific area is greater than 2600m 2/ g, and/or conductance is greater than 100mS/m, and/or pore diameter range is 2nm ~ 100nm.
4. the super capacitance electrode sheet based on Graphene according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described organic solvent is a kind of or any two the above combinations in DMF, 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), oxolane, propene carbonate, acetone, acetonitrile, pyridine, chlorobenzene.
5. the super capacitance electrode sheet based on Graphene according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in be filtered into vacuum filtration or gas press filtration.
6. the super capacitance electrode sheet based on Graphene according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described drying is treated to vacuumize or the infra-red drying of 50 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C.
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CN103794795A (en) * 2012-10-31 2014-05-14 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 Boron doped graphene composite electrode material and preparation method thereof, and lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof
CN103803533A (en) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-21 福建省辉锐材料科技有限公司 Preparation method of graphene
CN103117374B (en) * 2013-02-19 2016-02-10 宁德新能源科技有限公司 Anode pole piece of lithium rechargeable battery and preparation method thereof
CN105489392B (en) * 2015-11-26 2017-11-24 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 A kind of graphene pole piece and preparation method thereof
CN105869924B (en) * 2016-05-06 2018-02-23 清华大学深圳研究生院 A kind of preparation method of graphene-based thick cipher telegram pole

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