CN102493865A - Drainage turbine pressurization system - Google Patents
Drainage turbine pressurization system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102493865A CN102493865A CN2011104022557A CN201110402255A CN102493865A CN 102493865 A CN102493865 A CN 102493865A CN 2011104022557 A CN2011104022557 A CN 2011104022557A CN 201110402255 A CN201110402255 A CN 201110402255A CN 102493865 A CN102493865 A CN 102493865A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a drainage turbine pressurization system which is used for a pressurized combustion engine for vehicles, ships and engineering machinery to improve the working condition performance and the transient characteristic and can both give consideration to satisfaction of the full-turn working condition characteristic requirement. The drainage turbine pressurization system is mainly composed of a radial (mixed) flow turbocharger and two pipelines (i.e. a pressurization air drainage air supplementation pipeline and a venting gas by-pass pipeline). In the lower working condition, parts of pressurization air flowing out from the compressor outlet branch pipe bypass flows into the drainage air path of a turbine volute inlet tube via an air drainage valve, and the gas flowing into the turbine volute is subjected to 'air supplementation' so as to improve turbine pressure and pressurization pressure. In the high working condition, a gas by-pass valve is used for 'bleeding' the vented gas to inhibit the improvement of the pressurization pressure. Compared with the prior art, the drainage turbine pressurization system has the advantages of mature technology, simple structure, low cost, large regulation and control strength and wide range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to car, ship and engineering machinery with the turbo charge system in the boosting internal combustion engine technical field.
Background technique
Turbocharging technology has unrivaled advantage to internal-combustion engine improving power, reduce fuel consumption and satisfy aspect such as environmental requirement.But because of boosting internal combustion engine is the compound cooperation of the internal-combustion engine of mechanical turbosupercharger of rotating type impeller and reciprocating piston machinery; Because the through-flow characteristic of these two kinds of machineries itself is different; Though the two has realized excellent good coupling under the parameter of a certain operating mode of internal-combustion engine (rotating speed, load), also certainly will, duty parameter can cause the incompatibility of mating between turbosupercharger and the internal-combustion engine after changing.Because the boost pressure of boosting internal combustion engine and air mass flow not only receive the influence of internal-combustion engine rotational speed; Also receive effects of load; Therefore; For the boosting internal combustion engine of pressing internal-combustion engine declared working condition parameter matching, when internal-combustion engine when the low speed and load operating mode turns round, boost pressure and air mass flow reduce rapidly.The reduction of boost pressure will cause air inflow can not satisfy the requirement of cylinder fuel perfect combustion required air quantity, thereby produces over-emitting black exhaust, excessive discharge temperature, low speed torque is less and adverse consequences such as specific fuel consumption height.The phenomenon that the excellent good coupling of this high, low speed operating mode supercharging is difficult to take into account is particularly outstanding with boosting internal combustion engine to duty parameter (rotating speed, load) car, ship and engineering machinery that excursion is big.
Above-mentioned analysis explanation, for marine engine, car/construction equipment engine particularly, if an amount of requirement of supercharging when pressurization system has satisfied high rotating speed, then air feed will be not enough when the slow-speed of revolution; Otherwise, if the air demand when having satisfied the slow-speed of revolution is then just maybe supercharging when high rotating speed excessive.Therefore; Must adopt some improvement measures; Could alleviate the contradiction that this high, low speed operating mode can not satisfy good good coupling simultaneously; Turbosupercharger and turbo charge systems such as the high-speed working condition venting that existing technology adopts, flow-guiding turbocharger, change geometric cross section turbine, intake and exhaust bypass, sequential pressurizing all are the effective ways that improve internal-combustion engine low (rotating speed, load) performance of operating condition.And the so-called flow-guiding turbocharger of part pressurized air drainage to its turbine end that gas compressor end own is emitted, its function, characteristics, effect and potentiality of improving low-speed performance especially attract people's attention.See also Zhu Daxin about the structure of flow-guiding turbocharger and performance introduction and write the related content in the 434th～435 page of " turbosupercharging and turbosupercharger " Beijing Machinery Industry publishing house 1992.
The essential difference of existing technology flow-guiding turbocharger and normal conventional turbosupercharger is:
● the former than the latter at much more textural one " drainage tonifying Qi pipeline " with the part air by-pass in gas compressor Diffuser district venting drainage to turbine end impeller inlet place.Therefore, " flow-guiding turbocharger " comes down to one by turbosupercharger and the turbo charge system that " drainage tonifying Qi pipeline " formed, and it is more accurate, reasonable to be called " drainage turbo charge system ".
● the former opens the bypass venting/gas supplementary structure that the through-flow line of rabbet joint/spray orifice of cutting forms than the latter many on the turbosupercharger body configuration on the thermal baffle of gas compressor end diffuser walls, diffuser vane and turbine end.
● be positioned at the low-energy boundary layer air air that the vent hole in Diffuser district is drawn; Thereby but both delayed the efficient that the flow separation in boundary layer in the Diffuser has improved Diffuser/compressor stage, also make surge flow value corresponding the reducing of gas compressor generation surge through the air by-pass venting; Simultaneously, the air of this part bypass venting can make the synchronous lift-rising of turbine power, turbo charger speed and boost pressure after the drainage pipeline covers in the gas flow that flows into turbine wheel.As a result, cause the performance of flow-guiding turbocharger obviously to be superior to the turbosupercharger of normal conventional structure.
The main purpose of using existing technology flow-guiding turbocharger (or drainage turbo charge system) is in order to realize the no surge work of gas compressor, and then the moment of torsion when improving internal-combustion engine low speed, the rated power when meanwhile still keeping the internal-combustion engine high speed.Its function and structure; Basic identical with low operating mode intake and exhaust bypass turbo charge system (referring to the 144th page of Lu Jiaxiang chief editor " diesel turbocharging technology " Beijing Machinery Industry publishing house 1999) in essence; But because of the former has the potentiality of bigger increase drainage tonifying Qi differential static pressure than the latter, so that the drainage pressurization system improves the ability of low speed torque is stronger.Because existing technology drainage turbo charge system and low operating mode intake and exhaust bypass turbo charge system and internal-combustion engine are all pressed declared working condition (rotating speed, load) parameter matching; And in, the tonifying Qi of low speed operating mode drainage air, therefore the size of the flow passage component of turbine in two kinds of turbo charge systems and gas compressor is also all bigger.When internal-combustion engine when slow-speed of revolution operating mode is moved, also just need the corresponding bigger bypass drainage air of quantity to the turbine tonifying Qi, slowly reduce the boost pressure that is produced and descend because of the descend turbine working medium flow that causes of internal-combustion engine rotational speed with pressing down with compensation.Like this; Only if the drainage turbo charge system can have very big drainage air compensation in the low operating mode of internal-combustion engine; Otherwise can be because the through-flow size of its turbosupercharger is bigger; And can not with small-sized footpath (mixing) stream turbosupercharger (it is small-sized that it is through-flow), can sufficiently high boost pressure be provided, thereby obtain than high pulling torque as car/engineering machinery in low operating mode.These characteristics of existing technology drainage turbo charge system; (the boost pressure fall of slow-speed of revolution operating mode in this case, is little) improves low working characteristics and adopts when making it be suitable for very much the not very big big or middle power marine engine of rotation speed change scope and move by propeller characteristic; And be not suitable for when all very big car/construction equipment engine of rotating speed, load variations scope moves by speed characteristics; Improve in the situation of its low-load performance and adopt; Because the boost pressure range of decrease at this moment is very big; The differential static pressure (pressure is poor before boost pressure and the turbine) that order drives the drainage tonifying Qi is very little, causes the drainage air quantity also corresponding very little, and the result causes drainage to improving the gain sharp fall of low-load performance.
In addition; The drainage that turbosupercharger adopted (venting) structure in existing technology drainage turbo charge system (also is; Through on diffuser walls and diffuser vane, opening the venting line of rabbet joint and the boring of cutting; Boring on part pressurized air drainage to the thermal baffle at the turbine wheel back side that compressor impeller is flowed out is jetted to turbine wheel) technological scheme in; Except that being the more important thing is to exist bigger restriction loss by dirty the blocking up because of slotted eye in complex structure, manufacture cost increase and the running is easy, this has just directly reduced the Diffuser of driving drainage tonifying Qi and the air-flow static pressure pressure reduction between the turbine wheel; The drainage air mass flow is reduced, directly influence the performance and the kinetic energy that can not effectively utilize the drainage air of drainage gas compensation function.
Special needs to be pointed out is; Join in the machine in the supercharging of reality; The technological scheme that has many existing technology drainage turbo charge systems (comprising low operating mode intake and exhaust bypass turbo charge system) to adopt; Because the design of turbosupercharger flow passage component is unreasonable with coupling, cause the differential static pressure value very little (even presenting negative value) of the driving drainage tonifying Qi of low operating mode, cause gas compensation function effect very little (even forfeiture).Should how to improve the drainage pressurization system of existing technology? The key problem in technology that highlights is the differential static pressure that should guarantee must have in low operating mode enough big driving drainage tonifying Qi.
Summary of the invention
In order to eliminate the above-mentioned shortcoming and its effect of reduction that existing technology drainage turbo charge system structure exists; The coupling of drainage turbo charge system and Vehicular internal combustion engine can be similar to satisfy internal-combustion engine (also to be by the needs of full-load speed characteristic (external characteristics) operation; When the Vehicular internal combustion engine rotating speed changes; The pressure ratio of turbosupercharger is answered approximate constant---referring to the 139th page of Lu Jiaxiang chief editor " diesel turbocharging technology " Beijing Machinery Industry publishing house 1999); Thereby can it be applied to Vehicular internal combustion engine, the invention provides a kind of new structure---basic scheme I of the present invention (accompanying drawing 1) with drainage turbo charge system (also citing approvingly stream tonifying Qi turbo charge system) of this function.It mainly is made up of the I. C. engine exhaust fuel gas pipeline of a footpath (mixing) stream turbosupercharger, a pressurized air drainage tonifying Qi pipeline and a band combustion gas bypass valve.Technological core of the present invention is: its turbine volute exports the design and the structure of near the whole inlet tube part of throat (the runner zero degree cross section) from inlet flange to inlet tube, has adopted turbine volute inlet tube design and the structure all inequality that flows turbosupercharger with existing technology flow-guiding turbocharger or the automobile-used footpath of conventional general conventional structure (mixing).Also be; Unlike only logical I. C. engine exhaust combustion gas in the existing technology turbine volute inlet tube; But in the turbine volute inlet tube of the present invention's structure; Except that the fuel gas pipeline of having arranged a specially logical I. C. engine exhaust; Also let in the spiral case inlet pipe remaining flow area become one and have logical drainage air can low at internal-combustion engine (rotating speed, load) operating mode the time; And when high (rotating speed, load) operating mode, change logical bypass exhaust fuel gas the time disconnected, the time logical function common conduit or through-flow interlayer (in this passage; Switching between through-flow, the cutout of drainage air and bypass exhaust fuel gas and empty, the combustion gas, each is controlled according to a pressurized air bypass drainage modulating valve/bleed valve that preestablishes the boost pressure excursion (or solenoid valve and the attached one-way valve that prevents gas reflux that is equipped with) and an exhaust fuel gas bypass regulator valve (or bleed valve) by one respectively).
The turbosupercharger body structure of drainage turbo charge system of the present invention is except that the turbine volute inlet tube partly has above-mentioned special tectonic; The structure of remaining part all flows the structure identical (outside the pressurized machine body structure, the connecting pipeline that the general more common supercharger structure of the present invention program's drainage pressurization system also wants many pressurized airs drain valve and two valves of combustion gas bypass valve and corresponding one-way valve to constitute) of turbosupercharger with the automobile-used footpath of existing technology normal conventional (mixing).The situation that its turbine and gas compressor is designed by internal-combustion engine declared working condition parameter with existing technology flow-guiding turbocharger (comprise low operating mode intake and exhaust bypass turbo charge system) and select for use is different; Near the duty parameter that turbosupercharger in the drainage turbo charge system of the present invention system locates by (about 50～55% rated speeds) the Maximum Torque operating mode on the internal-combustion engine external characteristics designs its turbine and gas compressor and selects for use; With guarantee turbosupercharger in the drainage turbo charge system can be little, in light weight as size as automobile-used footpath (mixing) stream turbosupercharger, rotor moment of inertia is little, thereby can have higher boost pressure and good acceleration all arranged in internal-combustion engine low (rotating speed, load) operating mode in rotating speed operating mode entirely.
Special tectonic for turbine volute inlet tube position; For the pressure ratio (or boost pressure) that makes the turbosupercharger in drainage turbo charge system approximate constant all in the full rotating speed operating mode scope of internal-combustion engine external characteristics, the present invention adopts following manner to design and regulates and control:
● the area A that near turbine volute inlet tube outlet throat (the runner zero degree cross section) locates
0With long-pending footpath than (A/R)
0, the parameter and the selected spiral case structural forms (list/double flow channel) such as pressure, temperature, flow of pressing near the exhaust fuel gas of operating mode about 70% rated speed on the Vehicular internal combustion engine external characteristics, definite according to the conventional aerothermodynamic design method of turbine volute;
● the area A that near " pipe in the combustion gas " pipeline middle outlet throat (the runner zero degree cross section) of only logical I. C. engine exhaust combustion gas locates in the turbine volute inlet tube
1With long-pending footpath than (A/R)
1, generally press near the exhaust fuel gas parameter of the operating mode of about 35% rated speed on the Vehicular internal combustion engine external characteristics and confirm according to the conventional aerothermodynamic design method of spiral case;
● the switching common conduit of drainage air/bypass exhaust fuel gas or through-flow interlayer, it then is A at the flow area that near spiral case inlet pipe outlet throat (the runner zero degree cross section) locates
2=A
0-(A
1+ A '
1), A ' in the formula
1The thick sectional area that occupies of combustion gas inner tubal wall for the throat place.
● pipe is arranged near the bigger outer wall place of spiral case channel radius spiral case inlet pipe planted agent as far as possible in the combustion gas, in the hope of obtaining less (A/R)
1Value helps the raising of the low operating mode boost pressure of internal-combustion engine.On the contrary, the drainage air/position of bypass exhaust fuel gas common conduit in the spiral case inlet pipe then should be arranged near the less inwall side of spiral case channel radius as far as possible.Like this; The air-flow static pressure that drainage air/bypass exhaust fuel gas flows out spiral case inlet pipe place is just very near the combustion gas static pressure of turbine wheel ingress; Thereby help increasing the differential static pressure that drives drainage air tonifying Qi/bypass combustion gas venting; Increase the tolerance of drainage air/bypass combustion gas venting, reach effective utilization airflow kinetic energy with the ability that increases pressurized machine raising boost pressure.
● when technical pattern drainage turbo charge system of the present invention and the operation of Vehicular internal combustion engine supercharging coupling, each regulates control as the pressurized air bypass drainage modulating valve/bleed valve (or the attached one-way valve of solenoid valve) of regulating Control Parameter and exhaust fuel gas bypass regulator valve (or bleed valve) to the drainage air air compensation of low operating mode and the exhaust fuel gas bypass discharge quantity of high operating mode with the blower outlet boost pressure by one respectively with high (rotating speed, load) operating mode in low (rotating speed, load) operating mode.Concrete control methods are following: set boost pressure value of placing restrictions on that they open and close valve separately respectively in advance pressurized air bypass drainage modulating valve/bleed valve (or the attached one-way valve of solenoid valve) and exhaust fuel gas bypass regulator valve (or bleed valve), also promptly set respectively they separately opening/shutting valve " open "/the boost pressure scope of " pass ".When boost pressure was in the value of the placing restrictions on scope of Open valve, valve was in opening state; And when boost pressure was in the value of the placing restrictions on scope of throttle down, then valve was closed condition.For modulating valve, the big or small variation that is directly proportional with the size of boost pressure value of valve opening; For bleed valve, valve opening then has only standard-sized sheet and two states of full cut-off.In the scheme of structure drainage turbo charge system of the present invention; Modulating valve generally adopts air film type pressure/aneroid capsule modulating valve (directly to carry out valve lift and regulate with bearing displacement of valve rod that air pressure load deformation of thin membrane produced; Or with the structure of similar smoking limitator in the Vehicular internal combustion engine; Utilize to carry diaphragm deformation band moving cam and rotate, thereby pass the modulating valve that valve rod changes valve lift) or the automatically controlled butterfly valve used of exhaust gas recirculation; Bleed valve then adopt mostly air film type bleed valve (the exhaust fuel gas bypass bleed valve that often adopt in high rotating speed operating mode venting is regulated in the small-sized footpath of existing technology Vehicular internal combustion engine, mixed flow turbine pressurized machine) or with air pressure ratio/on-off switch control butterfly valve valve rotate handle the keying aperture adjustable, open entirely, the simple structure solenoid valve (bleed valve) of full cut-off.In the structure of all technological scheme drainage turbo charge systems that following the present invention adopts; Pressurized air bypass drainage modulating valve/bleed valve (or the attached one-way valve of solenoid valve) all is installed on pressurized machine, and this is external, and all adopts the bypass arm of valve and blower outlet pressurized air bar none or connect the all-in-one-piece structure with the pressurized machine housing.
● structure drainage turbo charge system of the present invention and Vehicular internal combustion engine are following by the situation of slow-speed of revolution operating mode when the rated speed operating mode is moved by external characteristics supercharging coupling:
When Vehicular internal combustion engine moved in the low speed operating mode scope that is not reached for pressurized air bypass drainage modulating valve (or the attached one-way valve of bleed valve/solenoid valve) predefined " the Open valve value of placing restrictions on " by idling operation to boost pressure as yet, the valve of pressurized air bypass drainage modulating valve (or the attached one-way valve of bleed valve/solenoid valve) was in closed condition all the time under the effect of self pressure spring impacting force.At this moment, the exhaust fuel gas of internal-combustion engine all flows into turbine wheel via pipe in the combustion gas of turbine volute inlet tube.Because the discharge area A of pipe in this combustion gas
1With long-pending footpath than (A/R)
1They all less than the corresponding discharge area at the turbine volute inlet tube outlet throat place of generally all press near the parameter designing configuration Maximum Torque on the external characteristics (about 50%～55% rated speed) operating mode in the automobile-used footpath of existing technology (mixing) the stream turbocharger arrangement with long-pending directly than value; Therefore, the boost pressure value of the turbosupercharger of structure drainage turbo charge system of the present invention output when this operating mode scope operation is more much higher than the automobile-used footpath of normal conventional structure (mixing) stream turbosupercharger.
When Vehicular internal combustion engine continues to higher rotating speed operating mode operation, the also corresponding increase of boost pressure.Be reached for " cracking pressure " (such as 0.13MP that pressurized air bypass drainage modulating valve (or the attached one-way valve of bleed valve/solenoid valve) is provided with in advance at boost pressure
aAbsolute pressure) time; Pressurized air bypass drain valve begins to open; The tonifying Qi of drainage air begins to flow into " drainage air/bypass exhaust fuel gas common conduit " by the pressurized air bypass arm at pressurized machine self blower outlet place through pressurized air bypass drain valve, and the exhaust fuel gas that flows to the booster turbine impeller is implemented " tonifying Qi ".The adding of drainage air tonifying Qi; Increased the mass flow rate of the turbine wheel working medium of flowing through; Thereby the gaseous-pressure of turbine inlet is improved, increased the enthalpy drop or the turbine power of turbine stage, drive gas compressor with higher rotating speed rotation; Cause the corresponding increase of boost pressure; The power that consume offset when reaching balance more because of boost pressure improves for the also corresponding increase of valve opening, power gain that obtains because of the tonifying Qi of drainage air until the turbine stage of flow-guiding turbocharger and compressor stage, and it is stable that operating mode just is.Along with the Vehicular internal combustion engine rotating speed continues to increase; Boost pressure is also corresponding to be continued to increase; Be reached for " closing pressure " that pressurized air bypass drainage modulating valve (or bleed valve) is provided with in advance at boost pressure and (be generally near the boost pressure value the Maximum Torque operating mode, such as 0.25MP
aAbsolute pressure) time, pressurized air bypass drain valve begins to close, and presents cutout in " drainage air/bypass exhaust fuel gas common conduit ", and Vehicular internal combustion engine all flows into turbine wheel through " pipe in the combustion gas " at the exhaust fuel gas of this rotating speed operating mode of external characteristics.Because the mass flow rate of exhaust fuel gas is approximate and the proportional variation of rotating speed, so when the Vehicular internal combustion engine rotating speed increases, the also corresponding increase of boost pressure.Be increased to the value that makes boost pressure until rotating speed and be reached near exhaust fuel gas bypass regulator valve (or bleed valve) predefined " cracking pressure " (the for example boost pressure value of operating mode external characteristics 80% rated speed, such as 0.3MP
aAbsolute pressure) time, valve begins to open, and the bypass exhaust fuel gas flows into " common conduit of drainage air/bypass combustion gas " by " pipe in the combustion gas " through valve.At this moment, exhaust fuel gas at throat's discharge area of spiral case inlet pipe by A
1Value is increased to (A suddenly
1+ A
2) value, the gas flow rate that flows into turbine wheel is descended, turbine power reduces, and the lift-rising of blower outlet boost pressure receives pressing down and delays, and this state will extend to declared working condition always.
Can know in sum: through the configuration of " pipe in the combustion gas " and " drainage air/bypass combustion gas common conduit " geometrical shape, size and position in the reasonable adjustment turbine volute inlet tube; And pattern, valve size, lift and the engaging pressure gas flow of valve (or through) of suitably selecting " air conduction valve " and " combustion gas bypass valve ", can be similar to boost pressure (or pressure ratio) when satisfying Vehicular internal combustion engine and structure drainage turbo charge system of the present invention and moving not with the requirement of rotating speed change by external characteristics.
According to the good degree of Vehicular internal combustion engine and drainage turbo charge system supercharging matching performance and the requirement of installing space restriction aspect, the basic scheme I structure of drainage turbo charge system of the present invention has following three kinds of concrete technological schemes available:
1. pressurized air bypass drainage modulating valve/bleed valve (or the attached one-way valve of solenoid valve) that technological scheme drainage air of the present invention is bound up through being arranged in turbosupercharger body exterior and blower outlet pressurized air bypass arm, the interface tube in the turbine volute inlet tube on " drainage air/bypass combustion gas common conduit " position outer surface flows into common conduit; The bypass combustion gas then by " combustion gas in pipe " in the turbine volute through it with adjacent " common conduit " between separate the valve opening of the combustion gas bypass bleed valve on the wall, inflow common conduit.In technological scheme of the present invention; The general typical structure of the bleed valve that small-sized footpath (mixing) the stream turbosupercharger of the structure of this combustion gas bypass bleed valve and existing technology Vehicular internal combustion engine adopts when the high rotating speed operating mode of internal-combustion engine bypass is exitted is same entirely, and unique difference is that the keying parts of its venting valve are the inside (accompanying drawing 2) that is installed on " common conduit " in technological scheme of the present invention.
The structure and the such scheme of the turbine volute inlet tube of technological scheme 2. of the present invention (shown in accompanying drawing 3) are 1. different, and its difference has following 2 points:
■ is still arranging two passages in the turbine volute inlet tube---the through-flow channel (or through-flow interlayer) of an I. C. engine exhaust combustion gas through-flow channel and the tonifying Qi of a drainage air.But this drainage air passageways is no longer shared with the bypass combustion gas, also is private pipeline.
■ bypass combustion gas venting does not flow into turbine wheel; But the bleed valve structure that adopts when the high rotating speed operating mode bypass venting as the small-sized footpath of normal conventional structure (mixing) of existing technology Vehicular internal combustion engine stream turbosupercharger is the same with the venting mode; The bypass combustion gas is emitted by the valve opening of the bleed valve on the exhaust fuel gas channel side wall; Walk around (without) turbine wheel, the outlet pipe that is flowed directly to turbine is discharged.
3. between flow-guiding turbocharger turbine volute suction flange and internal-combustion engine vent-pipe outlet(discharge) flange, install the organization plan of " the drainage air/shared suction chamber of bypass combustion gas " additional:
◆ pressurized air bypass drainage modulating valve/bleed valve (or the attached one-way valve of solenoid valve) all is arranged in suction chamber outside " the external scheme of combustion gas bypass valve " (accompanying drawing 4) in this organization plan with exhaust fuel gas bypass regulator valve (or bleed valve), and the drainage air flows into suction chamber through pressurized air bypass drainage modulating valve/bleed valve (or the attached one-way valve of solenoid valve) at the interface tube of suction chamber lower surface by the pressurized air bypass arm at turbosupercharger self blower outlet place; The bypass combustion gas is then by the outlet that is linked in the bypass valve on the internal-combustion engine vent-pipe outlet stool, at the interface tube inflow suction chamber of suction chamber upper surface.
◆ pressurized air bypass drainage modulating valve/bleed valve (or the attached one-way valve of solenoid valve) is arranged in the suction chamber outside, but exhaust fuel gas bypass regulator valve (or bleed valve) is arranged in " the built-in scheme of combustion gas bypass valve " (accompanying drawing 5) in the suction chamber
In this scheme, the mode that the drainage air flows into suction chamber is identical with above-mentioned " external scheme ", but the bypass combustion gas is then directly flowed out back entering turbine volute inlet tube by the bypass valve that is installed in the suction chamber.
The pluses and minuses of above-mentioned three kinds of technological schemes compare:
1. scheme is to reflect the functional advantage of basic scheme I of the present invention and a representative case of structural feature in three schemes; Its advantage is the energy that its can make full use of the combustion gas of high operating mode bypass like scheme 3.; Make its work done in turbine wheel, but 3. installation dimension obviously little than scheme.In addition; The structure of the double flow channel turbine volute of the scheme automobile-used footpath of existing technology ordinary construction 1. capable of using (mixing) stream turbosupercharger; Again design distributes the area ratio of two runners; Make the passage conduct " pipe in the combustion gas " than small size respectively, and the larger area passage is " common-use tunnel of drainage air and bypass combustion gas ", the double again combustion gas bypass bleed valve that adds this scheme also is to use very wide technology maturation structure in the stream turbosupercharger of the automobile-used footpath of existing technology (mixing).Therefore; 3. 1. scheme more approach the structure of the automobile-used footpath of existing technology ordinary construction (mixing) stream turbosupercharger than scheme; Low cost manufacturing at installation dimension, technology maturation degree (reliability and the durability making, use) and component all obviously takes advantage aspect buying, thereby can in the practicality preferably of car/Light-duty Vehicle/engineering machinery with the turbo charge system of boosting internal combustion engine, become the most potential technical pattern of the present invention.Its shortcoming is that combustion gas bypass valve size can cause difficulty in layout and the installation in drainage air/bypass combustion gas common-use tunnel when big.
3. 1. 2. scheme compared with scheme with scheme; Its structure is the simplest; Though it with scheme 1. and 3. the same, have equally in the fundamental function of low operating mode with " flow-guiding turbocharger " of drainage air tonifying Qi improvement Vehicular internal combustion engine low-load performance, exit because of adopting bypass in high rotating speed operating mode; Make the bypass combustion gas lose the energy of this part combustion gas, so not as good as scheme 1. and 3. it join the machine performance without the turbine wheel work done.
Scheme is 3. when adopting the exhaust fuel gas bypass regulator valve; Because of changing with boost pressure, valve lift is soft phase; 1. and 2. steady the technological scheme that combustion gas bypass bleed valve is adopted in the regulating working conditions transition also helps the tonifying Qi of drainage air simultaneously to the accumulation that improves the turbine inlet gaseous-pressure charge-air pressure of blower outlet (thereby improved) effect with keep.In addition; Because have attached suction chamber; As long as therefore enough installing spaces are arranged; Then the air conduction valve just can freedom connect with suction chamber through connecting pipeline with the combustion gas bypass valve; Thereby obtain bigger layout degrees of freedom, and can they combined to be attached on the suction flange of turbine volute as the patented technology assembly and connect mutually with the internal-combustion engine vent-pipe outlet(discharge) flange, these characteristics all help popularizing the flow-guiding turbocharger work of automobile-used small-sized footpath (mixing) the stream turbosupercharger reforming cost patent of invention technical pattern of existing technology ordinary construction.Scheme shortcoming 3. is that required installing space is bigger, and this is still not serious to combustion gas bypass valve " external scheme ", but just more outstanding to " built-in scheme ".Cause scheme 3. can be restricted to the application on the part car that strict demand is arranged at installing space.
As for the comparison between drainage turbo charge system basic scheme I of the present invention and existing technology scheme flow-guiding turbocharger; Clearly; Of the present invention above-mentioned 1., 2., 3. three concrete technological schemes all are much better than the existing technology scheme at structural complexity, high-performance, low cost and high adjustability aspects, and have to promote and be used for the advantage that the Vehicular internal combustion engine low-load performance improves.
For further simplified structure on the basis of basic scheme I of the present invention and raising function; The present invention increases again and has proposed scheme II (accompanying drawing 6), scheme III (accompanying drawing 7) and three new technological schemes of scheme IV (accompanying drawing 8); They and basic scheme I have formed the technological scheme of drainage turbo charge system of the present invention jointly, and the characteristics of scheme II～IV are following:
Scheme II shown in the accompanying drawing 6; It unites two into one drainage air bleed valve among the basic scheme I and exhaust fuel gas bypass bleed valve through one " drainage/bypass clack box "; And the most ripe with the technology of widespread usage in the existing technology vehicle turbocharger, structure is the simplest and the keying interlock (this opens that pass) of the minimum exhaust fuel gas bypass bleed valve valve of manufacture cost, two valves of alternate implementations I are controlled function to the mobile on/off of corresponding air flow in drainage air pipe line and the bypass fuel gas pipeline respectively.Therefore, scheme II is the structure minimalist program of scheme I structure, and use value is maximum.In addition; At low (rotating speed; Load) operating mode; Drainage air valve port in " drainage/bypass clack box " is in " opening " and bypass combustion gas valve port is in "off" state, and whole exhaust fuel gas are all passed through in a passage of specially logical exhaust fuel gas, adds the drainage pressurized air to go in the benefit of another passage of clack box (bypass combustion gas/drainage air common-use tunnel); Cause the combustion gas refrigerant flow rate multiplication at spiral case inlet pipe throat place to cause the acute liter of turbine merit, supercharger speed and charge-air pressure, join the machine performance and obtain significantly to improve.Otherwise,, opposite when the keying state of drainage air valve port and bypass combustion gas valve port and low operating mode for high speed high load operating mode; This moment the drainage air stop to mend and two passages of clack box in what flow through is exhaust fuel gas entirely; Because the multiplication of the flow area of turbine volute import throat makes the gas flow rate rapid drawdown at this place, turbine power reduces; Boost pressure descends, guaranteed turbo charger speed can not exceed the speed limit with boost pressure can superpressure.
Scheme IV shown in scheme III shown in the accompanying drawing 7 and the accompanying drawing 8, they all are to drive pressurized air drainage tonifying Qi differential static pressure for increasing---significantly increase, improve the effective technology scheme of pressurized air drainage flow.Their technical characterstic is mended again in scheme II " drainage/bypass clack box " and has been increased a contraction shape nozzles with injector; The local depression effect that produces at nozzle exit when utilizing exhaust fuel gas to flow through this jet pipe; The drainage tonifying Qi differential static pressure that assurance makes this drainage turbo charge system significantly lift-rising is positive high magnitude; Enlarge markedly drainage tonifying Qi differential static pressure (improving the drainage air quantity), increase the effect that tonifying Qi improves low-load performance.So in scheme III and IV, " injection/drainage/bypass clack box " of installing before their turbine volute suction flanges obviously will be higher than among basic scheme I and the scheme II " drainage/bypass clack box " to the gain of tonifying Qi effect.The difference of scheme III and IV is: the structure of scheme III than scheme IV many an air conduction valve, but drainage effect is quite a lot of.The discharge area of nozzles with injector is about the half the of turbine volute inlet tube throat (zero degree cross section) area among scheme III and the scheme IV, adjusts the size of flow/pressure equalizing orifice flow area in this area and the clack box, can obtain rational drainage air compensation.
Obviously, corresponding " drainage/bypass clack box " among scheme II～IV or the function of " injection/drainage/bypass clack box " are the flow direction and the assignment of traffic of regulating control drainage pressurized air and I. C. engine exhaust combustion gas.In passage characteristics in the clack box and the turbine volute runner characteristics entirely with, between them connect and valve to the adjusting of air flow direction control, also all be indicated in lucidly in the respective drawings 6～8 of scenarios structure.External " the shared suction chamber " that concrete technological scheme among the basic scheme I is 3. interior is in fact identical with the clack box effect of scheme II～IV.For the drainage turbo charge system of car/engineering machinery with boosting internal combustion engine; Because the restriction in space, installation position; Require all that generally turbine volute inlet tube part is coupled into one (being that spiral case and clack box combine) with " drainage/bypass clack box " or " injection/drainage/bypass clack box " and make it become the induction part in the neotectonics of flow-guiding turbocharger spiral case for ease of installing, thereby make this present invention " drainage turbo charge system " degrade/be reduced to " flow-guiding turbocharger ".In fact, 1. and 2. the concrete technological scheme among the basic scheme I is exactly practical embodiments of this structure.
Description of drawings
Shown in Fig. 1 is the formation schematic representation of drainage turbo charge system basic technical scheme I of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows valve opening and closing arrangements of components " drainage air tonifying Qi/bypass combustion gas venting common conduit " inner technological scheme structural representation of the present invention in the turbine volute inlet tube of bypass combustion gas bleed valve.Digital implication among the figure: 1---turbine volute inlet tube; 2---pipe in the exhaust fuel gas, 3---drainage air/bypass combustion gas common conduit, 4---pressurized air bypass drainage modulating valve; 5---exhaust fuel gas bypass bleed valve, 6---drainage pressurized air interface tube.7---gas compressor, 8---turbine, 9---the blower outlet pipe, 10---the internal-combustion engine vent-pipe outlet(discharge) flange.
Shown in Fig. 3 is that I. C. engine exhaust combustion gas and drainage air all are furnished with the autonomous channel in turbine volute, and the bypass combustion gas is not flowed through turbine wheel by the venting valve opening of " combustion gas in pipe " sidewall in the turbine volute inlet tube and directly is disposed to the technological scheme organigram of the present invention of turbine outlet pipe.
Fig. 4 shows the schematic representation of adjunction between turbine volute suction flange and internal-combustion engine vent-pipe outlet(discharge) flange in " the external scheme of combustion gas bypass valve " " the drainage air/shared suction chamber of bypass combustion gas " structure.Digital implication among the figure: 1---turbine volute inlet tube, 2---pipe in the exhaust fuel gas, 3---drainage air/bypass combustion gas common conduit, 4---the drainage air/shared suction chamber of bypass combustion gas, 5---the internal-combustion engine vent-pipe outlet(discharge) flange, 6---turbine volute.
Fig. 5 shows and in " the built-in scheme of combustion gas bypass valve ", adds the structural representation that is connected to " the drainage air/shared suction chamber of bypass combustion gas " between turbine volute suction flange and the internal-combustion engine vent-pipe outlet(discharge) flange.Digital implication among the figure: 1---turbine volute inlet tube; 2---pipe in the exhaust fuel gas, 3---drainage air/bypass combustion gas common conduit, 4---the drainage air/shared suction chamber of bypass combustion gas; 5---the exhaust fuel gas bypass regulator valve, 6---drainage pressurized air interface tube.
Shown in Fig. 6 is the formation schematic representation of drainage turbo charge system technological scheme II of the present invention.
Shown in Fig. 7 is the formation schematic representation of drainage turbo charge system technological scheme III of the present invention.
Shown in Fig. 8 is the formation schematic representation of drainage turbo charge system technological scheme IV of the present invention
Shown in Fig. 9 is the once a large amount of a kind of structures that have the gas film pressure regulating type " exhaust fuel gas bypass regulator valve " of radiated rib structure producing and use of German KKK company (existing Borg-Warner company).
Embodiment
Shown in the accompanying drawing 5 is with footpath (mixing) stream turbosupercharger normal conventional structure with respect to existing technology lorry boosting internal combustion engine; Must be to concrete technological scheme flow-guiding turbocharger 3. among the basic scheme I of the present invention; Carry out component and change and install additional the longitudinal section view (but in the figure, the air conduction valve that is installed on the blower outlet pressurized air bypass arm shows) of unit architecture.The body design and construction of technological scheme flow-guiding turbocharger of the present invention; Except that the relevant portion of turbine volute inlet tube 1 on design and construction different, all the other all with press the Vehicular internal combustion engine external characteristics near the Maximum Torque operating mode parameter designing or adaptive common automobile-used footpath (mixing) flow that the structure of turbosupercharger is identical, the flow passage component size is close or slightly little.In this invention scheme, turbine volute inlet tube 1 is in the area A of outlet throat
0With long-pending footpath than (A/R)
0System is by near the parameter designing Vehicular internal combustion engine external characteristics 70% rated speed operating mode or select for use.In the passage of turbine volute inlet tube 1, arranging " pipe in the I. C. engine exhaust combustion gas special use " 2 and " drainage air tonifying Qi/bypass combustion gas venting common conduit (or through-flow interlayer) " 3 totally two air-flow paths.Wherein, " pipe in the combustion gas " 2 area A in spiral case inlet pipe outlet throat
1With long-pending footpath than (A/R)
1System is by designing than near the duty parameter of Maximum Torque (general about 50%～55% rated speed) rotating speed that operating mode is lower (for example 35% rated speed) on the Vehicular internal combustion engine external characteristics or select for use, so their value is littler.Like this, the slow-speed of revolution operating mode before the air conduction opening of valves, structure pressurized machine of the present invention just can obtain much higher boost pressure than common vehicle supercharger, and helps the improvement and the tonifying Qi of drainage air of low-load performance.In addition; Between the outlet(discharge) flange of the turbine volute suction flange of this invention technological scheme and Vehicular internal combustion engine outlet pipe, installed " a shared suction chamber of drainage air tonifying Qi/exhaust fuel gas bypass venting " 4 additional; Because exhaust fuel gas bypass regulator valve 5 is installed in this suction chamber 4, and is the configuration state that combustion gas bypass valve 5 is built in suction chamber 4.The built-in structure of this combustion gas bypass valve simplifies the structure because of having removed the measure that prevents gas leakage, also eliminated bypass combustion gas the leak energy loss that causes and the drawback of befouling environment.That drainage air tonifying Qi stop valve is arranged at the structure that parallel connection strikes up partnership in the intermediate (bearing support) of turbosupercharger itself is different with the existing technology flow-guiding turbocharger; Present embodiment is installed on the turbosupercharger outside with pressurized air bypass drainage modulating valve (or bleed valve), and is bound up with the pressurized air bypass arm of blower outlet.The tonifying Qi of drainage air is flowed out through the valve of pressurized air bypass drainage modulating valve (or bleed valve); Interface tube (on the suction chamber longitudinal section, only having marked an interface tube screw 6) in " drainage air tonifying Qi/bypass combustion gas exit shared suction chamber " 4 two sides locates to flow into shared suction chamber, and continues to flow to interior " the drainage air/bypass combustion gas common conduit " 3 of turbine volute inlet tube that is connected with its runner fairing again.
Pressurized air bypass drainage modulating valve (or bleed valve) generally adopts the structure of common air film type pressure regulator valve or switch type pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve described in preamble summary of the invention part; The structure of the bleed valve that the structure of bypass combustion gas bleed valve also adopts with the high rotating speed operating mode venting of the automobile-used footpath of existing technology (mixing) stream turbosupercharger entirely with; But combustion gas bypass regulator valve 5 is because of in the environment that is in gas high-temperature, so must be furnished with radiated rib on the valve body, causes its structure special and the occupy-place volume is bigger.Accompanying drawing 9 shows German KKK company (the existing Borg-Warner company) schematic representation of long-term production, the combustion gas bypass regulator valve typical construction used once.
" pipe in the combustion gas " 2 and " drainage air/bypass combustion gas common conduit " 3 in the turbine volute inlet tube 1 of flow-guiding turbocharger; Can continue to use the conventional cast technology of making turbine volute; With three's inside and outside die combination be integral and with the mould matched moulds of other part of spiral case (the circumferential runner that inlet/outlet flange and spiral case are inner) after; Integral cast becomes the turbine volute blank, and then adopts machining to process the turbine volute fabricated part.
Suction chamber 4 should adopt precision casting mode preparing blank because of the shape more complicated, only its mating face (like flange mating face, valve base etc.) is implemented machining then, reaches required dimensional accuracy and surface finishment requirement to guarantee it.The part of valve body radiated rib part can adopt the precision casting mode to make too.The valve of bypass gas control valve 5 (containing valve rod) then can be selected for use in the accessory by the engine valve part, needn't make specially, therefore easily.
Claims (5)
1. drainage turbo charge system, pressurized air drainage tonifying Qi pipeline and I. C. engine exhaust fuel gas pipeline with bypass valve or the control drainage air that it mainly has a drainage air valve by a footpath (mixing) stream turbosupercharger, and I. C. engine exhaust gas flow are to combining with " drainage/bypass clack box " (or " injection/drainage/bypass clack box ") of changes in flow rate adjusting and the pipeline that connects them.Its characteristics are: the turbine volute inlet tube (or " drainage/bypass clack box " of the turbosupercharger that connects with drainage air pipe line and I. C. engine exhaust fuel gas pipeline; Or " injection/drainage/bypass clack box ") in air-flow path form by following two-part: a part is for constantly all there being the through-flow passage of I. C. engine exhaust combustion gas (be generally private passage, only under the injection operating mode, be only the common-use tunnel that exhaust fuel gas, drainage pressurized air and their mixed gas flow) under all operating modes; Remaining another part is then for drainage pressurized air and the switch-on and-off of bypass exhaust fuel gas, rotate through-flow common-use tunnel mutually.
2. by the described drainage turbo charge system of claim 1; It is characterized in that: the inlet end mouth of pipe of pressurized air drainage tonifying Qi pipeline is communicated with a pressurized air bypass arm of blower outlet in the turbosupercharger; And the outlet side mouth of pipe must with the drainage pressurized air passages import butt joint in the turbine volute inlet tube of I. C. engine exhaust fuel gas pipeline (or " drainage/bypass clack box ", or " injection/drainage/bypass clack box ") and/or turbosupercharger.
3. by the described drainage turbo charge system of claim 1; It is characterized in that: be installed on " drainage/bypass clack box " or " injection/drainage/bypass clack box " between internal-combustion engine vent-pipe outlet(discharge) flange and the turbocharger turbine spiral case inlet flange, the inlet end flange of clack box is connected with the outlet(discharge) flange of outlet pipe and the inlet flange of turbine volute respectively with the outlet side flange.And the injection in the case/bypass exhaust fuel gas passage must be corresponding consistent with the connecting of corresponding blast tube in the spiral case inlet pipe.
4. by the described drainage turbo charge system of claim 1; It is characterized in that: directly (mix) the stream turbosupercharger; Its structure is except that the inlet tube of turbine volute part, and the typical construction of automobile-used footpath (mixing) the stream turbosupercharger (turbosupercharger that contains band exhaust fuel gas bypass bleed valve or adjustable nozzle ring) of remaining part and normal conventional structure basically entirely together.
5. by the described drainage turbo charge system of claim 1; It is characterized in that: can be " drainage/bypass clack box "; Or the inlet tube of " injection/drainage/bypass clack box " and turbine volute partly be coupled (being that clack box and turbine volute integrate) become the induction part in the spiral case neotectonics, thereby make this " drainage turbo charge system " degrade/be reduced to " flow-guiding turbocharger ".
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011104022557A CN102493865A (en) | 2011-12-07 | 2011-12-07 | Drainage turbine pressurization system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011104022557A CN102493865A (en) | 2011-12-07 | 2011-12-07 | Drainage turbine pressurization system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113090585A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-09 | 江苏大学 | Energy recovery turbine volute structure |
| CN113091857A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-07-09 | 中水东北勘测设计研究有限责任公司 | Emergency response equipment for dealing with flood burst |
-
2011
- 2011-12-07 CN CN2011104022557A patent/CN102493865A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113090585A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-09 | 江苏大学 | Energy recovery turbine volute structure |
| CN113091857A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-07-09 | 中水东北勘测设计研究有限责任公司 | Emergency response equipment for dealing with flood burst |
| CN113091857B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2024-04-26 | 中水东北勘测设计研究有限责任公司 | Emergent response equipment of reply flood burst |
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