A kind of technological equipment of processing smooth block
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technological equipment of internal combustion engine and compressor components processing.Be particularly related to the technological equipment of the smooth block of processing crank round slider machine.
Background technology
In traditional internal combustion engine and compressor, realize the conversion between the rotatablely moving of reciprocating motion and bent axle of piston through toggle.Yet defectives such as in described toggle, because the existence of connecting rod, that the internal combustion engine of toggle and compressor have is bulky, heavy, balance quality difference.
For addressing the above problem, Chinese patent document CN85200358B discloses a kind of " crankshaft circular slide block reciprocating piston internal combustion engine "; Chinese patent document CN85100359B discloses a kind of " crankshaft circalar slide block reciprocating piston compressor "; Chinese patent document CN1067741C discloses a kind of " crank and double-round slide reciprocating piston internal combustion engine "; Chinese patent document CN1067742C discloses a kind of " crank and multi-round slide reciprocating piston internal combustion engine ".
The common feature of disclosed internal combustion engine of above-mentioned Chinese patent document and compressor is in the reciprocating motion and rotation movement mutual conversion mechanism wherein, has replaced toggle with circular slider-crank mechanism.Circular slider-crank mechanism comprises bent axle, smooth block and piston.Smooth block is provided with eccentric circular hole; Piston comprises bizet and piston seat, and the piston seat of piston is provided with circular slider accommodation hole.The rotatable circular slider accommodation hole that places piston of smooth block, the crank-pin of bent axle is rotatable to be assemblied in the described eccentric circular hole.
When above-mentioned mechanism is applied to internal combustion engine and compressor, can replace toggle.With the internal combustion engine is example; During work; Burning gases in the combustion chamber expand and promote the piston motion; Drive the smooth block be arranged at wherein through piston and move reciprocatingly, and smooth block rotates in said piston simultaneously, said reciprocating motion rotates around the central axis of bent axle with the synthetic central axis of the eccentric circular hole on the smooth block that makes that rotatablely moves; And the dead in line of the crank-pin of the central axis of said eccentric circular hole and bent axle, thereby can realize the conversion that rotatablely moves that reciprocates to bent axle of piston.Just in time the internal combustion engine with above-mentioned is opposite in the motion conversion of compressor, no longer describes here.
Different with traditional crank connecting link machine, the crank round slider machine is not provided with connecting rod, but has adopted a part that is referred to as smooth block to replace connecting rod.Smooth block is arranged in the containing hole on piston or the dynamic balance slide block.In having the mechanism of a plurality of smooth blocks, to make up with the phase difference of 180 degree between the adjacent smooth block, the mode of combination is solidified as a whole after not only will making up, but also easy accessibility.The precision of some size positions is also than higher on the smooth block of combination back.Generally, the smooth block single part must have higher required precision, could guarantee that the precision after the combination adheres to specification.This makes need use high level process equipment in the processing and manufacturing of smooth block, thereby manufacturing cost is promoted greatly.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of technological equipment of processing smooth block, and technological equipment of the present invention is simple in structure, and the required precision of the smooth block that can guarantee to process.
One of them aspect of the present invention provides a kind of technological equipment of processing smooth block, comprising: cylindrical base, by the outward extending eccentric shaft of this base one end face, by outward extending two positioning pin columns in other end and securing member;
The eccentric throw E that eccentric shaft departs from base axis is identical with the eccentric distance e of smooth block eccentric orfice;
The excircle dimension of said two positioning pin columns and the dowel hole of smooth block to be processed match, and the distance that its axis separates is identical with the pitch-row in two rationed marketing holes;
Two positioning pin column axis are identical with respect to the position and the size relationship of smooth block cylindrical with respect to two dowel holes on the position of base axis and size relationship and the smooth block;
Two positioning pin column axis are identical with respect to the position and the size relationship of the eccentric orfice of smooth block with respect to two dowel holes on the position of eccentric shaft axis and size relationship and the smooth block;
Be provided with at said base on the end face of positioning pin column and with respect to the position of eccentric shaft, be provided with and let tool bore;
Said securing member is dismantled and assembled to be arranged on two positioning pin columns, and after smooth block was inserted in positioning pin column, securing member was anchored on smooth block on the base.
Optional, said base cylindrical is not less than smooth block cylindrical to be processed.
Optional, on the scope that outwards is not more than smooth block cylindrical to be processed on the end face that positioning pin column is set of said base and by the center, also be provided with first boss.
Optional, detachably be fixed with one between said eccentric shaft and the base or the two is one-body molded.
Optional, detachably be fixed with one between arbitrary positioning pin column and the base or the two is one-body molded.
Optional, also comprising pressing plate, the position corresponding to positioning pin column on pressing plate is provided with two through hole, and after smooth block to be processed was inserted in positioning pin column, positioning pressuring plate was pushed down this smooth block by opposite side, and through said securing member that the three is fastening.
Optional, letting the position of tool bore also be provided with the cutter relieving through hole on corresponding to base on the pressing plate, the aperture size of cutter relieving through hole is not less than the aperture size of eccentric orfice on the smooth block to be processed.
Optional, the outline of said pressing plate does not exceed outside the smooth block excircle configuration to be processed.
Optional, the outline of said pressing plate exceeds outside the smooth block excircle configuration to be processed, is provided with second boss at pressing plate towards said smooth block one side and the zone that do not exceed this smooth block excircle configuration.
Optional, in the last balance weight that also is provided with of pressing plate.
Optional, the said tool bore that lets is a circular port, radial diameter is not less than the eccentric orfice diameter of smooth block to be processed.
Compared with prior art, one of them aspect of the present invention has the following advantages: when utilizing this technological equipment processing smooth block, at first on the smooth block blank, form two dowel holes; Then, two dowel holes on the smooth block blank are inserted in two positioning pin columns of base of these technological equipments, fix with securing member; Bowlder outside the processing smooth block; The periphery of anchor clamps Holding seat (being outer peripheral face), and when processing smooth block eccentric orfice, anchor clamps clamping eccentric shaft; The cylindrical axis of the smooth block of processing overlaps with base axis like this, and the eccentric orfice axis of smooth block overlaps with eccentric shaft axis; Thereby guaranteed the precision of the eccentric throw of smooth block eccentric orfice; Simultaneously, owing in process, be two dowel holes location all the time, also guaranteed the precision of dowel hole with respect to phase position and size relationship between smooth block cylindrical and the eccentric orfice; Smooth block that make to use this technological equipment processing is when being 180 phase differences and being assembled into circular slider set, and the eccentric throw of eccentric orfice can the problem of secundly then not take place because of transferring the turnback angle; In addition, use this technological equipment and on engine lathe, can process smooth block, can not increase manufacturing cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 assembles one of structural representation behind the smooth block to be processed for technological equipment shown in Figure 3;
Fig. 2 assembles two of structural representation behind the smooth block to be processed for this for technological equipment shown in Figure 3;
Fig. 3 is the example structure sketch map of the technological equipment of processing smooth block of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the embodiment of invention pressing plate;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation that utilizes the smooth block of embodiments of the invention technological equipment processing;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation after processing the loss of weight groove on the smooth block shown in Figure 5.
The specific embodiment
A lot of details have been set forth in the following description so that make much of the present invention.But the present invention can implement much to be different from alternate manner described here, and those skilled in the art can do similar popularization under the situation of intension of the present invention, so the present invention does not receive the restriction of following disclosed practical implementation.
Fig. 3 is the example structure sketch map of the technological equipment of processing smooth block of the present invention.Fig. 1 assembles one of structural representation behind the smooth block to be processed for technological equipment shown in Figure 3; Fig. 2 assembles two of structural representation behind the smooth block to be processed for this for technological equipment shown in Figure 3.
Please referring to Fig. 3; In the present embodiment; This technological equipment comprises cylindrical base 1, by the outward extending eccentric shaft 2 of a wherein end face of said base 1 and by outward extending two positioning pin columns of other end end face, be called the first positioning pin column 1-3a and the second positioning pin column 1-3b respectively.This technological equipment also comprises securing member (not shown among Fig. 3).A kind of concrete structure of securing member has been shown among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, and promptly bolt 4.One-body molded between described base 1 and eccentric shaft 2, base 1 and two positioning pin columns.
Please continue with reference to figure 3, said eccentric shaft 2 is the cylinder bodily form, and said cylindrical base 1 and said eccentric shaft 2 parallel axes, and the distance between the two is called the eccentric throw E of eccentric shaft 2, and the eccentric distance e of eccentric orfice is identical on this eccentric throw E and the smooth block to be processed.
The said first positioning pin column 1-3a and the second positioning pin column 1-3b are cylinder, and the axis of two positioning pin columns all with the parallel axes of said base 1.Two dowel holes of the excircle dimension of said two positioning pin columns and smooth block to be processed match, and the distance that its axis separates is identical with the pitch-row of two dowel holes, and this makes smooth block to be socketed on described two positioning pin columns through two dowel holes.
Because the pore size of amount dowel hole is generally identical on smooth block, in the present embodiment, the described first positioning pin column 1-3a is identical with the radial dimension of the second positioning pin column 1-3b; The axial length of the two is not less than the thickness of smooth block.
Following relation is satisfied in the described first positioning pin column 1-3a and second position of positioning pin column 1-3b on base 1, and said two positioning pin columns are identical with respect to the position and the size relationship of smooth block cylindrical with respect to dowel hole on the position of this base axis and size relationship and the smooth block.And two positioning pin column axis are identical with respect to the position and the size relationship of the eccentric orfice of smooth block with respect to two dowel holes on the position of eccentric shaft 2 axis and size relationship and the smooth block.That is to say; Two positioning pin columns, base and eccentric shaft are corresponding with two dowel holes, smooth block body and the eccentric orfice of smooth block respectively; After smooth block is socketed on positioning pin column through its dowel hole; The axis of smooth block cylindrical central axis and said base 1 coincides, smooth block eccentric orfice axis and 2 deads in line of said eccentric shaft.
On the end face that two positioning pin columns are set on the said base 1,, also be provided with and let tool bore 1-1 with respect to the position of eccentric shaft 2.The said tool bore 1-1 that lets is circular port in the present embodiment, and its aperture is not less than the aperture of smooth block eccentric orfice to be processed, is used for when processing smooth block eccentric orfice, dodging the space for cutter provides, and guarantees eccentric orfice processing.Need to prove that the said tool bore 1-1 that lets must be circular port, it can also be a shape such as oval, square, when processing smooth block eccentric orfice, is that process tool provides enough spaces of dodging as long as its size can satisfy this technological equipment.
The technological equipment of present embodiment also comprises a securing member, and it is used for smooth block blank to be processed fastening, and in the present embodiment, this securing member is a bolt 4 as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2.Accordingly, the screw thread that matches is set on the first positioning pin column 1-3a and the second positioning pin column 1-3b, after the smooth block blank was socketed on two positioning pin columns, bolt 4 was anchored on the smooth block blank on this technological equipment by the free end of positioning pin column, in order to processing.
In the present embodiment, said base 1, eccentric shaft 2 and positioning pin column 1-3a and 1-3b are cylindrical.Wherein, two positioning pin columns radial dimension determine by the smooth block eccentric orfice.And but the radial dimension of said base 1 and eccentric shaft 2 is guaranteeing to have bigger alternative under the turning attachment clamping condition.In the present embodiment, base 1 is a cylinder, and its axis thickness need satisfy the needs of turning attachment clamping, and radial dimension is not less than the outside diameter of smooth block to be processed.The radial dimension of eccentric shaft 2 is less than the size of base 1, and its cylindrical is wrapped within base 1 cylindrical fully.
Need to prove; Described base 1 is not limited to one-body molded with eccentric shaft 2; It can also be through being fixed with one such as dismantled and assembled mode such as be threaded, and the advantage of dismantled and assembled mode is to adapt to different turning attachments; Can use different base 1 and eccentric shaft 2 instead, can also guarantee that the relative position between base 1 and the eccentric shaft 2 remains unchanged simultaneously.Same, also can repeat no more here between base 1 and two positioning pin columns for dismantled and assembled relation.
During greater than excircle dimension to be processed, the first boss 1-2 need be set also on the end face of described two positioning pin columns of being provided with of said base 1 at base 1 radial dimension.This end face center that the said first boss 1-2 is arranged at base 1 outwards is not more than the scope of smooth block cylindrical to be processed (containing excircle configuration).The said first boss 1-2 top contacts with the smooth block end face, is that cutter is abdicated the position with bowlder outside the processing smooth block.The said first boss 1-2 is can be for identical with the smooth block radial dimension cylindrical, and it also can be several equally distributed several small embossments.
For better that smooth block blank to be processed is fastening, technological equipment can also include pressing plate, and is as shown in Figure 4, and pressing plate 5 is half oblate cylinder, and corresponding above that and position positioning pin column is provided with two through holes: first through hole 5-3a and the 5-3b.During use, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, smooth block 6 is socketed on two positioning pin columns of technological equipment, and an end face of smooth block 6 is contacted with base 1; Then with pressing plate 5 by the opposite side noose of smooth block on positioning pin column, and then by the outside of bolt 4 clamping platens 5.Through this pressing plate 5 is set, can makes the thrust of 4 pairs of smooth blocks of bolt more evenly distribute and put on smooth block.
Corresponding and the position of tool bore 1-1 that lets base 1 also are provided with cutter relieving through hole 5-1 on said pressing plate 5, and the size of cutter relieving through hole 5-1 is not less than the aperture size of eccentric orfice on the smooth block to be processed.
The outline of said pressing plate 5 does not generally exceed outside the excircle configuration of smooth block to be processed, to avoid influencing the processing of cutter to the smooth block cylindrical; Certainly; When pressing plate 5 outlines are big; Need be at pressing plate 5 towards a side setting of smooth block such as second boss (not shown) of the first boss 1-2 on the base 1; Second boss is arranged at the zone that does not exceed this smooth block excircle configuration, set-up mode can be identical with the described first boss 1-2 the two have identical effect.
In addition, on pressing plate 5, balance weight can also be set as required, when the processing eccentric circular hole, equilibrium centrifugation power.
Said pressing plate 5 is not limited to shape shown in Figure 4, and it can also have other shape, for example square, ellipse etc.
When utilizing the technological equipment processing smooth block of embodiments of the invention, at first on the smooth block blank, form two dowel holes.Then, two dowel holes on the smooth block blank are inserted in two positioning pin columns of base 1 of these technological equipments,, smooth block is fixed with pressing plate 5 and bolt 4 with bolt or as shown in Figure 1.Bowlder outside the processing smooth block; The periphery of anchor clamps Holding seat 1 (being outer peripheral face), and when processing smooth block eccentric orfice, anchor clamps clamping eccentric shaft; The cylindrical axis of the smooth block of processing overlaps with base axis like this, and the eccentric orfice axis of smooth block overlaps with eccentric shaft axis.Thereby guaranteed the precision of the eccentric throw of smooth block eccentric orfice, simultaneously,, also guaranteed the precision of dowel hole with respect to phase position and size relationship between smooth block cylindrical and the eccentric orfice owing in process, be two dowel holes location all the time.Smooth block that make to use this technological equipment processing is when being 180 phase differences and being assembled into circular slider set, and the eccentric throw of eccentric orfice can the problem of secundly then not take place because of transferring the turnback angle.And use this technological equipment and can on engine lathe, process smooth block, can not increase manufacturing cost.Fig. 5 shows the structural representation of the smooth block 6 that utilizes technological equipment processing of the present invention; Add man-hour; Dowel hole 6-3a and 6-3b insert respectively among the positioning pin column 1-3a and 1-3b as shown in Figure 3 on this smooth block, and eccentric circular hole 6-1 coincides in as shown in Figure 3 eccentric shaft 2 axis after processing.Further, can on smooth block 6, process other structures such as loss of weight groove 6-2 and oil duct, repeat no more here.
Though the present invention with preferred embodiment openly as above; But it is not to be used for limiting the present invention; Any those skilled in the art are not breaking away from the spirit and scope of the present invention; Can make possible change and modification, so protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the scope that claim of the present invention was defined.