CN102480235B - Switching power supply - Google Patents

Switching power supply Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102480235B
CN102480235B CN201110381808.5A CN201110381808A CN102480235B CN 102480235 B CN102480235 B CN 102480235B CN 201110381808 A CN201110381808 A CN 201110381808A CN 102480235 B CN102480235 B CN 102480235B
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Prior art keywords
circuit
voltage
power
control
switch mode
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CN102480235A (en
Inventor
青木弘利
高田启明
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Tamura Corp
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Tamura Corp
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33523Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0006Arrangements for supplying an adequate voltage to the control circuit of converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0032Control circuits allowing low power mode operation, e.g. in standby mode
    • H02M1/0035Control circuits allowing low power mode operation, e.g. in standby mode using burst mode control
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is a switching power supply, composed of a primary side circuit and a secondary side circuit, wherein the primary side circuit comprises a first DC generating circuit carrying out rectification and smoothing over the AC voltage, a primary winding, a switch apparatus, a control circuit controlling the switch apparatus via a switch, and a power supply unit providing a power supply for driving the control circuit. The secondary side circuit comprises a secondary winding, a second DC generating circuit carrying out rectification and smoothing over the voltage generated upon the secondary winding, and a transmission unit, wherein the transmission unit is configured to receive signals about the operating state of a load circuit and transport the control signals to the power supply unit; the transmission unit and the power supply unit are insulated; and the power supply unit is corresponding to the control signals to switch on or off the power supply of the control circuit.

Description

Switch mode power
Technical field
The present invention relates to AC supply voltage to be converted to the switch mode power of direct current (DC) supply voltage, particularly relate to have in response to secondary side output voltage for the situation of load circuit control the switch mode power of the function of the operation of primary side circuit.
Background technology
At present, switch mode power is widely used in various types of electronic installations.Switch mode power comprises the smoothing capacity of the rectification output that is connected to the rectification circuit of AC power (commercial power), smoothly carrys out self-rectifying circuit, the transformer of being powered by the DC voltage from smoothing capacity, is passed through the switching device of a winding power supply of transformer by the DC voltage from smmothing capacitor.Control by the ON/OFF control by switching device the voltage producing in secondary winding, generated DC voltage output.In the interim publication number 2009-153234A of for example Japan Patent (hereinafter referred to as patent documentation #1), disclosed power supply control IC is for the ON/OFF control of switching device.In patent documentation #1, disclosed power supply control IC is configured to monitor the fluctuation of the DC voltage output on secondary side, and according to the ON/OFF time of the fluctuation control switch device of DC voltage output, thereby can obtain stable DC voltage output.
Summary of the invention
For disclosed power supply control IC in patent documentation #1, although when the load circuit on secondary side is in the time that thereby stand-by state needn't be given this load circuit power supply, or in the time that load circuit is not connected to secondary side, power supply control IC still constantly drives, thereby consumed power.
The invention has the advantages that a kind of efficient switch mode power is provided, can control power supply control IC by the situation of the load circuit in response to secondary side, thus the power consumption avoiding waste.
According to an aspect of the present invention, proposed a kind of switch mode power, this switch mode power has primary side circuit and secondary side circuit.Described primary side circuit comprises: a DC generative circuit, carries out rectification and level and smooth to alternating voltage; A winding, has the end being applied with from the voltage of a described DC generative circuit; Switching device, is connected to another end of a described winding and opens or closes the electric current that flows through a described winding; Control circuit, switching device described in ON/OFF control; And power subsystem, be provided for driving the power supply of described control circuit.Described secondary side circuit comprises: secondary winding; The 2nd DC generative circuit, carries out rectification and level and smooth to the voltage generating in secondary winding; And transmission unit, be configured to receive from load circuit be transferred to described power subsystem about the control signal of load circuit mode of operation and by described control signal, described load circuit is driven by the output voltage of the 2nd DC generative circuit.In this structure, described transmission unit and described power subsystem are insulated from each other; And described power subsystem is in response to opening or turn-off the power supply for driving described control circuit from the described control signal of described transmission unit transmission.
Utilize this structure, can, in response to the control signal relevant to the mode of operation of described load circuit, only in the time that needs are powered for described control circuit, drive described control circuit.Therefore, can realize the high efficiency switch mode power compared with traditional structure with low power loss degree performance.
In at least one aspect, described switch mode power comprises: an auxiliary winding; The 3rd DC generative circuit, carries out rectification and level and smooth to the voltage generating on a described auxiliary winding; And active circuit, when the voltage of described the 3rd DC generative circuit is during lower than predetermined voltage, described active circuit provides electric current from a DC generative circuit to the 3rd DC generative circuit.In this case, in response to the output that comes the 3rd DC generative circuit and described active circuit described in ON/OFF control from the described control signal of described transmission unit transmission.
In at least one aspect, wherein, when the voltage of described the 3rd DC generative circuit is during higher than described predetermined voltage, described active circuit can stop offering described the 3rd DC generative circuit from the electric current of a described DC generative circuit.
Utilize this structure, can stably activate described control circuit, and in the time that shutoff is used for driving the power supply of described control circuit, can suppress the power loss that described active circuit consumes.
In at least one aspect, described transmission unit can comprise the first and second light-emitting components, and each in described the first and second light-emitting components has the predetermined light quantity based on control signal.Described power subsystem can comprise the first photoreceptor and the second photoreceptor, this first photoreceptor is in response to the output of the 3rd DC generative circuit described in the light quantity ON/OFF control of the light receiving from the first light-emitting component, and described the second photoreceptor is in response to the output of active circuit described in the light quantity ON/OFF control of the light receiving from the second light-emitting component.
In at least one aspect, described the first light-emitting component and described the first photoreceptor can form the first photoelectrical coupler, and described the second light-emitting component and described the second photoreceptor can form the second photoelectrical coupler.
Utilize this structure, can safely the control signal that is input to secondary side circuit from load circuit be transferred to primary side circuit, guarantee the insulation between primary side circuit and secondary side circuit simultaneously.
In at least one aspect, whether described transmission unit can detect the voltage of described control signal lower than scheduled voltage.When the voltage of described control circuit is during lower than described scheduled voltage, power subsystem turn-offs the power supply for driving described control circuit.
In at least one aspect, whether described transmission unit can detect the voltage of described control signal higher than scheduled voltage.In the case, when the voltage of described control circuit is during higher than described scheduled voltage, power subsystem turn-offs the power supply for driving described control circuit.
In at least one aspect, described transmission unit can comprise relay unit, and it switches to and open or close according to control signal.The output of the 3rd DC generative circuit and described active circuit described in this relay unit ON/OFF control.
In at least one aspect, described transmission unit can comprise pulse transformer, according to the control signal output voltage from load circuit.The voltage of described pulse transformer output is the power supply for Drive and Control Circuit for ON/OFF control.
In at least one aspect, described transmission unit can comprise impulse transfer unit, and control signal is transformed to pulse signal.The pulse signal of described impulse transfer unit output is imported into described pulse transformer.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 describes according to the circuit diagram of the structure of the switch mode power of the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 describes according to the circuit diagram of the structure of the switch mode power of the distortion of the first embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of describing according to the structure of the switch mode power of the second distortion of the first embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of describing according to the structure of the switch mode power of the 3rd distortion of the first embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of describing according to the structure of the switch mode power of the 4th distortion of the first embodiment.
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of describing the structure of switch mode power according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 describes according to the circuit diagram of the structure of the switch mode power of the distortion of the second embodiment.
Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram of describing according to the structure of the switch mode power of the second distortion of the second embodiment.
Fig. 9 is the circuit diagram of describing according to the structure of the switch mode power of the 3rd distortion of the second embodiment.
Figure 10 is the circuit diagram of describing according to the structure of the switch mode power of the 4th distortion of the second embodiment.
Embodiment
Describe according to embodiments of the invention below with reference to accompanying drawing.
The first embodiment
Fig. 1 is according to the circuit diagram of the switch mode power 1 of the first embodiment of the present invention.This switch mode power 1 is configured to utilize transformer 400 to transform and is input to the AC power of circuit for the first time, and exports constant DC power supply from secondary side circuit.Transformer 400 comprises winding 120, an auxiliary winding 150 and secondary winding 220 one time.Primary side circuit comprises diode bridge circuit 110, electric capacity 115, winding 120, FET125, a resistance 126 and 127, controls IC130, auxiliary winding 150, diode 155 and 160, electric capacity 145 and a phototransistor 140,165,170.The secondary side circuit of switch mode power 1 comprises secondary winding 220, diode 210, electric capacity 215, resistance 225, light-emitting diode 230, shunt regulator 235, resistance 240 and 245 and form resistance 310 and the light-emitting diode 320 and 330 of signal deteching circuit 300.Light-emitting diode 230 and phototransistor 140 form photoelectrical coupler 200, in Fig. 1, dot, and the light that light-emitting diode 230 is launched is received by phototransistor 140 and carries out opto-electronic conversion.In addition the photoelectrical coupler 325 representing with chain line in light-emitting diode 320 and phototransistor 170 pie graphs 1.The photoelectrical coupler 335 representing with chain line in light-emitting diode 330 and phototransistor 165 pie graphs 1.The light that the light that light-emitting diode 320 sends and light-emitting diode 335 send is received by photoelectrical coupler 170 and 165 respectively, and carries out opto-electronic conversion.Although the side circuit of switch mode power 1 comprises elements such as noise filter, do not describe in Fig. 1 in order to simplify these elements.
Be applied to the commercial power (AC100-220V) of diode bridge circuit 100 by diode bridge circuit 110 rectifications, and smoothed electric capacity 115 is level and smooth, and between the terminal of electric capacity 115, has generated DC voltage V1 one time thus.The negative terminal of electric capacity 115 is connected to the negative terminal side of diode bridge circuit 110, and is defined as the earth level (GND1) of primary side circuit.A DC voltage V1 is applied to an end of a winding 120 and the collector electrode of phototransistor 170 of transformer 400.The emitter of phototransistor 170 is connected to the VH terminal of controlling IC130.
Another end of a winding 120 is connected to the drain electrode of FET125.The source electrode of FET125 is connected to GND1 (ground connection) by resistance 126 and 127 respectively and controls the IS terminal of IC130.The grid of FET125 is connected to the OUT terminal of controlling IC130.
FET125 is for example MOS FET (mos field effect transistor).Control the electric current between drain electrode and the source electrode of FET125 by being applied to the voltage of FET125 gate terminal.In this embodiment, FET125 is N-type MOSFET, and is configured in the time being applied to the voltage increase of grid, and electric current is mobile (, conducting) between drain electrode and source electrode.
Controlling IC130 is the IC for ON/OFF control FET125.Control the switching pulse that IC130 generates preset frequency, and from the pulse of OUT terminal output switch.In the time that switching pulse is input to the gate terminal of FET125, FET125 conducting and the electric current (primary current) that produced by DC voltage V1 flow to the GND1 (ground connection) of primary side circuit by winding 120, FET125 and a resistance 126.Control IC130 ON/OFF control FET125 off and on by utilization, in an auxiliary winding 150 and secondary winding 220, produced intermittant voltage.
The voltage producing on an auxiliary winding 150 is by diode 155 rectifications, level and smooth and be applied to the collector electrode of phototransistor 165 by electric capacity 145.The emitter of phototransistor 165 is connected to the Vcc terminal of controlling IC130.Diode 160 is connected between the emitter and collector of phototransistor 165.That is to say, control IC130 and drive by this way: control IC130 by phototransistor 165 by being imposed on by the level and smooth voltage of electric capacity 145.Owing to not producing voltage on an auxiliary winding 150 in the time that Switching Power Supply 1 is activated, control current activation that IC130 caused by DC voltage V1, this DC voltage V1 is applied to the VH terminal of controlling IC130 by phototransistor 170.
The source electrode of FET125 is connected to the IS terminal of controlling IC130 by resistance 127.FET125 and resistance 126 have formed so-called source follower, and the voltage of the source electrode of FET125 is proportional with the electric current of the FET125 that flows through.The voltage that control IC130 imposes on its IS terminal by monitoring detects extra electric current.
The collector electrode of phototransistor 140 is connected to the FB terminal of controlling IC130, and the emitter of phototransistor 140 is connected to GND1.As described later, phototransistor 140 receives the light from light-emitting diode 230, and in response to the therefrom transmission current of amount of light receiving, the amount of the output light of light-emitting diode changes according to the magnitude of voltage of secondary DC voltage V2 (DC output) by the light receiving is carried out to opto-electronic conversion.Control IC130 detects secondary DC voltage V2 magnitude of voltage from flowing through the electric current of phototransistor 140, and change imposes on the duty ratio of the switching pulse of FET125, make the magnitude of voltage of secondary DC voltage V2 remain on steady state value (electric current that, makes to flow through light-emitting diode 230 is constant).As described above, the magnitude of voltage of secondary DC voltage V2 is fed back to primary side circuit, this primary side circuit and secondary side circuit electric insulation.
The voltage producing off and on two terminals of secondary winding 220 by diode 210 rectifications and by electric capacity 215 smoothly to generate secondary DC voltage V2.Then this secondary DC voltage V2 imposes on load circuit (not shown) as DC output (voltage difference between V terminal and GND terminal).
Light-emitting diode 230, shunt regulator 235 and resistance 225,240 and 245 have formed secondary DC voltage supervisory circuit.
Shunt regulator 235 is the elements that are configured to flow through by reference to the voltage control of terminal the electric current of shunt regulator 235.Resistance 240 and 245 is inserted between the secondary DC voltage V2 and GND2 (ground connection) of secondary side circuit, and the voltage at the tie point place of resistance 240 and 245 imposes on the reference terminal of shunt regulator 235.When the voltage of the reference terminal of shunt regulator 235 is during lower than predetermined value, the electric current that flows through shunt regulator 235 diminishes.On the other hand, when the voltage of the reference terminal of shunt regulator 235 is during higher than predetermined value, the electric current that flows through shunt regulator 235 becomes large.In this embodiment, owing to being applied to the reference terminal of shunt regulator 235 with the defined voltage of resistance 240 and 245 dividing potential drop secondary DC voltage V2, the amount of the light that light-emitting diode 230 is launched changes according to the magnitude of voltage of secondary DC voltage V2.
Signal deteching circuit 300 comprises resistance 310 and light-emitting diode 320 and 330.The load circuit being activated by secondary DC voltage V2 is connected to according to the secondary side circuit of the switch mode power 1 of the present embodiment.Load circuit is configured to output and is used to indicate power control signal from switch mode power 1 to load circuit whether need to power from.Power control signal changes according to the mode of operation of load circuit.For example, when the power consumption of load circuit is little, when therefore not needing to power to load circuit, (for example work as load circuit in resting state or stand-by state), from load circuit out-put supply control signal " low " (Low).On the other hand, when the power consumption of load circuit is large, when therefore needing to power to load circuit (for example, when needs chargings or when load circuit is during in normal condition), from load circuit out-put supply control signal " height " (High).Be configured to switch between normal mode and standby mode based on the power control signal that is input to SIG terminal from load circuit according to the switch mode power 1 of the present embodiment, in normal mode, power to controlling IC130, in standby mode, stop to controlling IC power supply, SIG terminal is an end of resistance 310.When from load circuit out-put supply control signal " low ", switch mode power 1 becomes standby mode, thereby suppresses the power consumption of switch mode power 1.Signal deteching circuit 300 is the circuit for detection of power control signal.
Hereinafter, explained in detail according to normal mode and the standby mode of the switch mode power 1 of the present embodiment.The resistance 310 of signal deteching circuit 300 and light-emitting diode 320 and 330 are connected in series.When power control signal during higher than predetermined voltage (, when power control signal is " height "), electric current flows to the GND2 (ground connection) of secondary side circuit from load circuit by resistance 310 and light-emitting diode 320 and 330.By this electric current, each transmitting in light-emitting diode 320 and 330 has the light of predetermined light quantity.As described above, light-emitting diode 320 and phototransistor 170 form photoelectrical coupler 325, and light-emitting diode 330 and phototransistor 165 form photoelectrical coupler 335.The light that light-emitting diode 320 sends is received by phototransistor 170, thereby makes phototransistor 170 conductings.The light that light-emitting diode 330 sends is received by phototransistor 165, thereby and makes phototransistor 165 conductings.In the time of phototransistor 170 and 165 conducting, switch mode power 1 enters normal mode, wherein controls IC130 and is activated, and DC output (for load circuit power supply) is provided.
On the other hand, when power supply signal lower than predetermined voltage (, when power control signal is " low ") time, flow to the electric current vanishing of the GND2 (ground connection) of secondary side circuit from load circuit by resistance 310 and light-emitting diode 320 and 330, therefore light-emitting diode 320 and 330 extinguishes.Due to phototransistor 165 and 170 cut-off, stop to the power supply of controlling IC130, and switch mode power 1 enter stand-by state, stop wherein to the power supply of load circuit.Owing to requiring the insulation property between primary side circuit and secondary side circuit according to safety standard, the power control signal that is configured to be input to from load circuit signal deteching circuit 300 according to the switch mode power 1 of the present embodiment is transferred to primary side circuit by photoelectrical coupler 325 and 335.
As described above, in normal mode, the electric current (primary current) being caused by DC voltage V1 offers the VH terminal of controlling IC130 by phototransistor 170, electric capacity 145 is connected to the power supply terminal Vcc that controls IC130 by phototransistor 165.Owing to not causing voltage on an auxiliary winding 150 in controlling IC130 activation, therefore between two terminals of electric capacity 145, do not produce voltage.In this case, can not operate and control IC130.Therefore,, in controlling IC130 and activating, adopted the electric current that offers VH terminal (primary current) being caused by DC voltage V1.Especially, control IC130 and regulate active circuit (not shown), and control IC130 and export the electric current that offers VH terminal by phototransistor 170 to power supply terminal Vcc.Flow into electric capacity 145 from the electric current of power supply terminal Vcc output by diode 160, electric capacity 145 is charged, thereby improve the electromotive force of electric capacity 145+ side terminal.In the time that the electromotive force of electric capacity 145+ side terminal improves and reach the operating voltage of controlling IC130, control IC130 and suitably start operation, and as described above, on an auxiliary winding 150, cause voltage.The voltage causing on by an auxiliary winding 150 electric capacity 145+while generating stable voltage on side terminal, control the active circuit of IC130 and stop the charging to electric capacity 145, and control IC130 be passed the voltage that causes on an auxiliary winding 150 electric capacity 145+voltage that generates on side terminal drives.Therefore, control IC130 and be activated, switch mode power 1, with normal mode operation, wherein provides DC output as indicated above.
On the other hand, in standby mode, phototransistor 170 and 165 cut-offs.Consequently, offer by phototransistor 170 electric current of VH terminal of controlling IC130 and be cut off, and the voltage that offers the power supply terminal Vcc that controls IC130 is also cut off.That is to say, controlled most of circuit shut-down operations of IC130, control the almost vanishing of power consumption in IC130.
As described above, according in the switch mode power 1 of the present embodiment, based on the power control signal that is input to signal deteching circuit 300 from load circuit, operator scheme is switched between normal mode and standby mode.Therefore, can make minimise power consumption by transfer to stand-by state in the time it be not necessary for load power source power supply.
According to the description of the switch mode power 1 of the first embodiment of the present invention above.But, should understand within the scope of the invention and can be out of shape above-described embodiment.Each of for example phototransistor 165 and 170 can be made up of light MOSFET.In the above-described embodiments, control IC130 and there is the VH terminal for active control IC130.But the present invention is not limited to this structure.
Fig. 2 describes according to the circuit diagram of the distortion of the switch mode power 1 of the first embodiment.Difference between this distortion (switch mode power 1M) and above-mentioned the first embodiment (switch mode power 1) is to have adopted the control IC130M without VH terminal, do not adopt diode 160 and added resistance 175 in the collector electrode side of phototransistor 170.Hereinafter, the description of this distortion is mainly concentrated on to the difference between this distortion and above-mentioned the first embodiment.In Fig. 2, the element identical in fact with the element described in Fig. 1 marked to identical Reference numeral, and no longer repetition is described for it.
In the normal mode of this distortion, the operation of controlling IC130M in the time activating is different from the first embodiment.In the time of phototransistor 170 and 165 conducting, the electric current (primary current) being caused by DC voltage V1 offers electric capacity 145 by resistance 175 and phototransistor 170, electric capacity 145+side terminal is connected to the power supply terminal Vcc that controls IC130M by phototransistor 165.Owing to not causing voltage on an auxiliary winding 150 in the time controlling IC130M activation, therefore between two terminals of electric capacity 145, do not produce voltage, and control IC130M can not be activated.According in the switch mode power 1M of this distortion, adopt the electric current that offers electric capacity 145 (primary current) being caused by DC voltage V1 to carry out active control IC130M.Especially, when controlling IC130M while being activated, electric capacity 145 is flow through the current charges of resistance 175 and phototransistor 170, and electric capacity 145+electromotive force of side terminal improves.When electric capacity 145+thereby the electromotive force of side terminal being when improving and reaching the operating voltage of controlling IC130M, control IC130M and start normal running.Therefore, on an auxiliary winding 150, cause voltage.But by the voltage that causes on an auxiliary winding 150 electric capacity 145+while generating stable voltage on side terminal, control electric capacity 145 that IC130M generated by the voltage being caused on an auxiliary winding 150+voltage of side drives.Therefore, similar to the first embodiment, control IC130M and be activated, and switch mode power 1M operation enters normal mode, DC output is wherein provided.Because the operation of switch mode power 1M in standby mode is identical with the first embodiment, therefore it is described no longer and repeats.
As described above, according to this distortion, do not there is VH terminal even if control IC (130), also can deploy switch formula power supply, thus the power control signal based on be input to signal deteching circuit 300 from load circuit switches pattern between normal mode and standby mode.Therefore, can obtain the advantage identical with the first embodiment.
Fig. 3 has described the second distortion according to the switch mode power 1 of the first embodiment in Fig. 1.This second distortion (switch mode power 1a) is to adopt light MOSFET170a and 165a to substitute respectively phototransistor 170 and 165 with the difference of switch mode power 1, and does not use diode 160.Therefore, the element identical with the essence shown in Fig. 1 marked to identical Reference numeral, and no longer repetition is described for it.Hereinafter, the difference concentrating between the second distortion and the first embodiment is described.
Light MOSFET170a operates in the mode identical with phototransistor 170, and light MOSFET165a operates in the mode identical with phototransistor 165.Diode 160 is substituted by the body diode of light MOSFET165a.Therefore, in the second distortion, can obtain the advantage identical with the first embodiment.
Fig. 4 has described the 3rd distortion according to the switch mode power 1 of the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1.The 3rd distortion (switch mode power 1b) is to adopt relay R 1 (comprising relay R 1_1 and R1_2) to substitute phototransistor 170 and 165 with the difference of switch mode power 1, and signal deteching circuit 300b is configured to drive relay 1.Therefore, the element identical in fact with the element shown in Fig. 1 marked to identical Reference numeral, and no longer repetition is described for it.Hereinafter, the difference concentrating between the 3rd distortion and the first embodiment is described.
As shown in Figure 4, relay R 1 is configured to double-pole switch.Therefore,, in the time driving relay R 1, relay R 1_1 and R1_2 connect.In the time not driving relay R 1, relay R 1_1 and R1_2 cut off.As shown in Figure 4, signal deteching circuit 300b comprises relay R 1, diode 341, resistance 351 to 353 and transistor 361.In this configuration, in the time that power supply control model SIG is " height ", transistor 361 conductings, and relay R 1 is driven.In this case, relay R 1_1 and R1_2 connect, thereby the VH connecting terminals of controlling IC130 is received DC voltage V1 one time, the power supply terminal Vcc that controls IC130 be connected to electric capacity 145+side terminal.
On the other hand, in the time that switch controlling signal SIG is " low ", transistor 361 ends (that is to say, transistor 361 does not drive relay R 1).Therefore, in this case, relay R 1_1 and R1_2 cut off.
According to the above-mentioned configuration of switch mode power 1b, can obtain the advantage identical with the first embodiment.
Fig. 5 has described the 4th distortion according to the Switching Power Supply 1 of the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1.The 4th distortion (switch mode power 1c) is to have adopted pulse transformer T1 that primary side is insulated with respect to secondary side with the difference of switch mode power 1.Therefore, the element identical in fact with the element shown in Fig. 1 marked to identical Reference numeral, and no longer repetition is described for it.Hereinafter, the difference concentrating between the 4th distortion and the first embodiment is described.
As shown in Figure 5, the collector electrode of transistor 501 is connected to the VH terminal of controlling IC130, and the emitter of transistor 501 is connected to DC voltage V1 one time, and the base stage of transistor 501 is connected to the collector electrode of transistor 500 by resistance 512.Resistance 511 is connected between the base stage and emitter of transistor 501.The emitter of transistor 500 is connected to GND1, and the base stage of transistor 500 is connected to the terminal of electric capacity 392 by resistance 513.The collector electrode of transistor 503 is connected to and controls the power supply terminal Vcc of IC130, the emitter of transistor 503 be connected to electric capacity 145+side terminal, the base stage of transistor 503 is connected to the collector electrode of transistor 502 by resistance 522.Resistance 521 is connected between the emitter and base stage of transistor 503.The emitter of transistor 502 is connected to GND1, and the base stage of transistor 502 is connected to the terminal of electric capacity 392 by resistance 523.
Pulse conversion circuit 371 is configured to generate the pulse with preset frequency in the time that power control signal SIG " height " is input to this pulse conversion circuit 371.In the time that power control signal SIG is " low ", pulse conversion circuit 371 is not exported pulse.In Fig. 5, the example of this pulse conversion circuit 371 has been described in the little rectangular area also dotting.
In this configuration, in the time that power control signal is " height ", pulse is input to pulse transformer T1 by resistance 395 and electric capacity 391, and pulse transformer T1 has the pulse of the amplitude converting by diode 381 to electric capacity 392 side outputs.Then, electric capacity 392 is charged, and high level signal is applied to transistor 500 and 502.Then, transistor 500 and 502 conductings, thereby transistor 501 and 503 conductings.That is to say, in the time that power control signal SIG is " height ", controls the VH connecting terminals of IC130 and receive DC voltage V1 one time, the power supply terminal Vcc that controls IC130 be connected to electric capacity 145+side terminal.
On the other hand, in the time that power control signal is " low ", do not have pulse to export from pulse transformer T1, transistor 500,501,502 and 503 cut-offs.
According to the configuration of above-mentioned switch mode power 1c, can obtain the advantage identical with the first embodiment.It should be noted, if power control signal SIG is input to secondary side circuit as pulse signal from load circuit, can omit pulse conversion circuit 371.
The second embodiment
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of having described the structure of switch mode power 2 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.In Fig. 6, to having marked identical Reference numeral and no longer repetition of its description with the identical in fact element shown in Fig. 1.The difference of the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that switch mode power 2 has the first negater circuit that comprises transistor 171 and resistance 172 and 173, and comprise the second negater circuit of transistor 166 and resistance 167, in the time that power control signal is " height ", switch mode power 2 enters standby mode, in the time that power control signal is " low ", switch mode power 2 enters normal mode.That is to say, according in the secondary side circuit of the switch mode power 2 of the second embodiment, load circuit that can out-put supply control signal connects as the first embodiment.But, in the time not needing power supply (for example, when load circuit is during in resting state or in stand-by state) load circuit provides power control signal " height ", for example, in the time of needs power supply (when load circuit in normal operating state time), load circuit provides power control signal " low ".Hereinafter, the difference concentrating between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is described.
The emitter of transistor 171 is connected to according to the VH terminal of the control IC130 of the second embodiment.The collector electrode of transistor 171 is connected to DC voltage V1 one time.Resistance 172 is connected between the collector electrode and base stage of transistor 171, and resistance 173 is connected between the emitter and base stage of transistor 171.The base stage of transistor 171 is connected to the collector electrode of phototransistor 170, and the emitter of phototransistor 170 is connected to the GND1 (ground connection) of primary side circuit.Due in the time that transistor 170 ends, the base stage of the electric current inflow transistor 171 being provided by resistance 172 by DC voltage V1, transistor 171 conductings, and flow into VH terminal by the electric current (primary current) that DC voltage V1 causes.On the other hand, in the time of phototransistor 170 conducting, the electric current being provided by resistance 172 by DC voltage V1 flows into the GND1 (ground connection) of primary side circuit by phototransistor 170, and transistor 171 ends, and the electric current that flows into VH terminal is cut off.
The emitter of transistor 166 is connected to according to the power supply terminal Vcc of the control IC130 of the second embodiment.The collector electrode of transistor 166 is connected to electric capacity 145+side terminal.Resistance 167 is connected between the collector electrode and base stage of transistor 166.The base stage of transistor 166 is connected to the collector electrode of phototransistor 165, and the emitter of phototransistor 165 is connected to the ground connection GND1 (ground connection) of primary side circuit.The same with the first embodiment, the power supply terminal Vcc of power supply IC130 by diode 160 be connected to electric capacity 145+side terminal.Due in the time that phototransistor 165 ends, from electric capacity 145+base stage of the electric current inflow transistor 166 that side terminal provides by resistance 167, transistor 166 conductings, and electric capacity 145+voltage of side terminal is applied to the power supply terminal Vcc that controls IC130.On the other hand, in the time of phototransistor 165 conducting, from electric capacity 145+electric current that side terminal provides by resistance 167 flows into the GND1 (ground connection) of primary side circuit by phototransistor 165, transistor 166 ends, electric capacity 145+voltage of side terminal do not impose on the power supply terminal Vcc that controls IC130.
As indicated above, according to the second embodiment, by conducting phototransistor 170 and 165, the base current of transistor 171 and 166 is cut off (electric current is in phototransistor 170 and 165 side flow), transistor 171 and 166 cut-offs.Therefore, in a second embodiment, when power control signal during higher than predetermined voltage (, in the time that power control signal is " height "), be cut off to the power supply of controlling IC130, switch mode power 2 enters standby mode, stops wherein to the power supply of load circuit.Because the second embodiment is identical with the first embodiment in the operation of stand-by state, it is described no longer and repeats.
On the other hand, when power control signal during lower than predetermined voltage (, when power control signal is " low "), flow into the electric current vanishing of secondary side circuit GND2 (ground connection) by resistance 310 and light-emitting diode 320 and 330 from load circuit, light-emitting diode 320 and 330 extinguishes.But, due to phototransistor 170 and 165 cut-offs, provide respectively the base current of transistor 171 and 166 by resistance 172 and 167, thus transistor 171 and 166 conductings.Therefore, in a second embodiment, when power control signal is during lower than predetermined voltage when (power control signal is " low "), control IC130 and be activated, and switch mode power 2 enters normal condition, wherein provide DC output (for load circuit power supply).Due to the operation in normal mode and the first embodiment basic identical, its describe no longer repeat.
As described above, according in the switch mode power of the second embodiment, in the time that the power control signal from load circuit is " height ", switch mode power 2 enters standby mode, in the time that the power control signal from load circuit is " low " (or open circuit), switch mode power 2 enters normal mode.Therefore, even if the load circuit of out-put supply control signal is not connected to switch mode power 2, switch mode power 2 also can operate with normal mode, and can power to load circuit.
Switch mode power 2 according to the second embodiment has above been described.But the second embodiment is not limited to said structure, and can change within the scope of the invention.For example, transistor 171 and 166 can be made up of MOSFET.Be configured to have the VH terminal as the first embodiment according to the control IC130 of the second embodiment.But the second embodiment is not limited to this structure.
Fig. 7 describes according to the circuit diagram of the distortion of the switch mode power 2 of the second embodiment.In Fig. 7, the element identical in fact with the element shown in Fig. 6 marked to identical Reference numeral, and no longer repetition is described for it.In this distortion, the control IC130M without VH terminal as the distortion of the first embodiment of employing.The difference of distortion shown in Fig. 7 and the second embodiment is not adopt diode 160.
The difference of the normal mode of this distortion and the first and second embodiment is to control the operation of IC130M in the time activating.In the time of phototransistor 170 and 165 cut-off, transistor 171 and 166 conductings, the electric current (primary current) being caused by DC voltage V1 offers electric capacity 145 by transistor 171, electric capacity 145+voltage of side terminal offers the power supply terminal Vcc that controls IC130M by transistor 166.Owing to assisting on a winding 150 and not producing voltage when controlling when IC130M is activated, therefore between two terminals of electric capacity 145, there is no formation voltage, thus can not active control IC130M.Therefore, thus adopted the electric current active control IC130M that offers electric capacity 145 being produced by DC voltage V1 according to the switch mode power 2M of this distortion.Especially, when controlling IC130M while being activated, electric capacity 145 current charges of transistor 171 of being flowed through, thus improve electric capacity 145+electromotive force of side terminal.When electric capacity 145+electromotive force of side terminal being when improving and reaching the operating voltage of controlling IC130M, control IC130M and start suitably to operate, thereby produce voltage on an auxiliary winding 150.When the voltage by producing on an auxiliary winding 150 electric capacity 145+while generating stable voltage on side terminal, by the voltage by producing on an auxiliary winding 150 electric capacity 145+voltage that generates on side terminal drives and controls IC130M.Therefore, as the situation of the first and second embodiment, control IC130M and be activated, switch mode power 2M operates with normal mode, and DC output is wherein provided.Because operation and the first and second embodiment under standby mode are basic identical in this distortion, it is described no longer and repeats.
As described above, according to this distortion, can between standby mode and normal mode, switch by the power control signal based on offer signal deteching circuit 300 from load circuit, do not there is VH terminal even if control IC300M.Therefore, can obtain the advantage identical with the first and second embodiment.
In above-mentioned the first and second embodiment, from the load circuit out-put supply control signal being activated by the secondary DC voltage V2 of switch mode power 1 and 2.But, and invention is not limited to this structure.For example, can generate power control signal by the circuit that is different from the load circuit being activated by secondary DC voltage V2.
Fig. 8 has described the second distortion according to the switch mode power 2 of the second embodiment shown in Fig. 6.This second distortion (switch mode power 2a) is to have adopted respectively light MOSFET170a and 165a to substitute phototransistor 170 and 165 with the difference of switch mode power 2.Therefore, the element identical in fact with the element shown in Fig. 6 marked to identical Reference numeral, its statement no longer repeats.Hereinafter, the difference concentrating between the second distortion and the second embodiment is described.
Light MOSFET170a operates in the mode identical with phototransistor 170, and light MOSFET165a operates in the mode identical with phototransistor 165.Therefore, the second distortion can obtain the advantage identical with the second embodiment shown in Fig. 6.
Fig. 9 has described the 3rd distortion according to the switch mode power 2 of the second embodiment shown in Fig. 6.The 3rd distortion (switch mode power 2b) is to have adopted relay R 1 (comprising relay R 1_1 and R1_2) instead of phototransistors 170 and 165 with the difference of switch mode power 2, and signal deteching circuit 300b is configured to drive relay 1.Therefore, the element identical with the element essence shown in Fig. 6 marked to identical Reference numeral, it is described no longer and repeats.Hereinafter, the difference concentrating between the 3rd distortion and the second embodiment is described.
As shown in Figure 9, relay R 1 is configured to double-pole switch.Therefore,, in the time driving relay R 1, relay R 1_1 and R1_2 connect.In the time not driving relay R 1, relay R 1_1 and R1_2 cut off.As shown in Figure 9, signal deteching circuit 300b comprises relay R 1, diode 341, resistance 351 to 353 and transistor 361.In this configuration, in the time that power supply control model SIG is " height ", transistor 361 conductings, and relay R 1 is driven.In this case, relay R 1_1 and R1_2 connect, and transistor 171 and 166 is switched to cut-off.Therefore, in this case, control the VH terminal of IC130 and be not connected to DC voltage V1 one time, the power supply terminal Vcc that controls IC130 be not connected to electric capacity 145+side terminal.
On the other hand, in the time that power control signal SIG is " low ", transistor 361 ends (that is to say, transistor 361 does not drive relay R 1).Therefore, in this case, relay R 1_1 and R1_2 cut off.In this case, relay R 1_1 and R1_2 cut off, transistor 171 and 166 conductings.Therefore, in this case, control the VH connecting terminals of IC130 and receive DC voltage V1 one time, the power supply terminal Vcc that controls IC130 be connected to electric capacity 145+side terminal.
Can obtain the advantage identical with the second embodiment according to the structure of switch mode power 2b mentioned above.
Figure 10 has described the 4th distortion according to the switch mode power 2 of the second embodiment in Fig. 6.The 4th distortion (switch is power supply 2c) is to have adopted pulse transformer T1 that primary side is insulated with respect to secondary side with the difference of switch mode power 2.Therefore, the element identical in fact with the element shown in Fig. 6 marked to identical Reference numeral, and no longer repetition is described for it.Hereinafter, the difference concentrating between the 4th distortion and the second embodiment is described.
In Figure 10, the emitter of transistor 171 is connected to the VH terminal of controlling IC130, and the collector electrode of transistor 171 is connected to DC voltage V1 one time, and the base stage of transistor 171 is connected to the collector electrode of transistor 500.Resistance 172 is connected between the collector electrode and base stage of transistor 171.The emitter of transistor 500 is connected to GND1, and the base stage of transistor 500 is connected to the terminal of electric capacity 392 by resistance 513.The emitter of transistor 166 is connected to controls the power supply terminal Vcc of IC130, the collector electrode of transistor 166 be connected to electric capacity 145+side terminal, the base stage of transistor 166 is connected to the collector electrode of transistor 502.Resistance 167 is connected between the collector electrode and base stage of transistor 166.The emitter of transistor 502 is connected to GND1, and the base stage of transistor 502 is connected to the terminal of electric capacity 392 by resistance 523.
Pulse conversion circuit 371 is configured to generate the pulse with preset frequency in the time that power control signal SIG " height " is input to this pulse conversion circuit 371.In the time that power control signal SIG is " low ", pulse conversion circuit 371 is not exported pulse.In Figure 10, the example of this pulse conversion circuit 371 has been described in the little rectangular area also dotting.
In this configuration, in the time that power control signal is " height ", pulse is input to pulse transformer T1 by resistance 395 and electric capacity 391, and pulse transformer T1 has the pulse of the amplitude converting by diode 381 to electric capacity 392 side outputs.Then, electric capacity 392 is charged, and high level signal is applied to transistor 500 and 502.Then, transistor 500 and 502 conductings, thereby transistor 171 and 166 cut-offs.That is to say, in the time that power control signal SIG is " height ", controls the VH terminal of IC130 and be not connected to DC voltage V1 one time, the power supply terminal Vcc that controls IC130 be not connected to electric capacity 145+side terminal.
On the other hand, in the time that power control signal is " low ", there is no pulse from pulse transformer T1 output, transistor 500 and 502 cut-offs.In this case, transistor 171 and 166 conductings, receive DC voltage V1 one time thereby control the VH connecting terminals of IC130, the power supply terminal Vcc that controls IC130 be connected to electric capacity 145+side terminal.
According to the structure of above-mentioned switch mode power 2c, can obtain the advantage identical with the second embodiment.It should be noted, if power control signal SIG is input to secondary side circuit as pulse signal from load circuit, can omit pulse conversion circuit 371.

Claims (9)

1. a switch mode power, this switch mode power has primary side circuit and secondary side circuit,
Described primary side circuit comprises:
The one DC generative circuit, carries out rectification and level and smooth to alternating voltage,
A winding, has the end being applied with from the voltage of a described DC generative circuit,
Switching device, is connected to another end of a described winding and opens or closes the electric current that flows through a described winding,
Control circuit, switching device described in ON/OFF control, and
Power subsystem, is provided for driving the power supply of described control circuit;
Described secondary side circuit comprises:
Secondary winding;
The 2nd DC generative circuit, carries out rectification and level and smooth to the voltage generating in secondary winding, and
Transmission unit, be configured to receive from load circuit be transferred to described power subsystem about the control signal of load circuit mode of operation and by described control signal, described load circuit is driven by the output voltage of the 2nd DC generative circuit;
Wherein:
Described transmission unit and described power subsystem are insulated from each other; And
Described power subsystem is in response to opening or turn-off the power supply for driving described control circuit from the described control signal of described transmission unit transmission, and wherein said power subsystem comprises:
An auxiliary winding,
The 3rd DC generative circuit, carries out rectification and level and smooth to the voltage generating on a described auxiliary winding, and
Active circuit, when the voltage of described the 3rd DC generative circuit is during lower than predetermined voltage, described active circuit provides electric current from a DC generative circuit to the 3rd DC generative circuit;
Wherein in response to the output that comes the 3rd DC generative circuit and described active circuit described in ON/OFF control from the described control signal of described transmission unit transmission.
2. switch mode power according to claim 1,
Wherein, when the voltage of described the 3rd DC generative circuit is during higher than described predetermined voltage, described active circuit stops offering described the 3rd DC generative circuit from the electric current of a described DC generative circuit.
3. switch mode power according to claim 1 and 2,
Wherein:
Described transmission unit comprises the first and second light-emitting components, and each in described the first and second light-emitting components has the predetermined light quantity based on control signal; And
Described power subsystem comprises the first photoreceptor and the second photoreceptor, this first photoreceptor is in response to the output of the 3rd DC generative circuit described in the light quantity ON/OFF control of the light receiving from the first light-emitting component, and described the second photoreceptor is in response to the output of active circuit described in the light quantity ON/OFF control of the light receiving from the second light-emitting component.
4. switch mode power according to claim 3,
Wherein said the first light-emitting component and described the first photoreceptor form the first photoelectrical coupler, and described the second light-emitting component and described the second photoreceptor form the second photoelectrical coupler.
5. according to the switch mode power described in any one in claim 1 to 2,
Wherein:
Whether described transmission unit detects the voltage of described control signal lower than scheduled voltage;
Wherein, when the voltage of described control circuit is during lower than described scheduled voltage, power subsystem turn-offs the power supply for driving described control circuit.
6. according to the switch mode power described in any one in claim 1 to 2,
Wherein:
Whether described transmission unit detects the voltage of described control signal higher than scheduled voltage;
Wherein, when the voltage of described control circuit is during higher than described scheduled voltage, power subsystem turn-offs the power supply for driving described control circuit.
7. switch mode power according to claim 1,
Wherein:
Described transmission unit comprises relay unit, switches to and opens or closes according to described control signal,
The output of the 3rd DC generative circuit and described active circuit described in the control of described relay unit ON/OFF.
8. switch mode power according to claim 1,
Wherein:
Described transmission unit comprises pulse transformer, according to the control signal output voltage from described load circuit; And
The voltage of described pulse transformer output is used for driving the power supply of described control circuit for ON/OFF control.
9. switch mode power according to claim 8,
Wherein:
Described transmission unit comprises impulse transfer unit, for control signal is transformed to pulse signal; And
The pulse signal of described impulse transfer unit output is imported into described pulse transformer.
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JP4117676B2 (en) * 2002-01-17 2008-07-16 横河電機株式会社 Switching power supply
CN101743684A (en) * 2007-07-18 2010-06-16 株式会社村田制作所 insulating dc-dc converter
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CN101674026A (en) * 2009-10-12 2010-03-17 华南理工大学 Low standby loss control circuit of switching power supply capable of automatically detecting load

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