CN102472189B - Method and control unit for operating an electromagnetic actuator - Google Patents

Method and control unit for operating an electromagnetic actuator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102472189B
CN102472189B CN201080037489.XA CN201080037489A CN102472189B CN 102472189 B CN102472189 B CN 102472189B CN 201080037489 A CN201080037489 A CN 201080037489A CN 102472189 B CN102472189 B CN 102472189B
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China
Prior art keywords
electromagnetic actuator
motivation
excitation
characteristic amount
current
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CN201080037489.XA
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CN102472189A (en
Inventor
K.约斯
R.施吕特
J.诺伊贝格
H.克默
H.拉普
H.哈梅多维克
J.克尼希
A-T.黄
B.维歇特
W.菲舍尔
S.佐伊林
A.希尔申海因
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/26Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
    • F02D41/28Interface circuits
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/2003Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils using means for creating a boost voltage, i.e. generation or use of a voltage higher than the battery voltage, e.g. to speed up injector opening
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2031Control of the current by means of delays or monostable multivibrators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2051Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using voltage control
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2058Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using information of the actual current value
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F7/1844Monitoring or fail-safe circuits

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating an electromagnetic actuator, in particular of a fuel injection valve of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, in which method the electromagnetic actuator is activated during an activation process in order to influence an operating state of the actuator. According to the invention, a state, which is present in particular at the start of the activation process, of a magnetic circuit (11) of the electromagnetic actuator is taken into consideration in the activation of the electromagnetic actuator.

Description

For operating method and the control apparatus of electromagnetic actuator
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly for operating the method for Fuelinjection nozzle of the internal-combustion engine of electromagnetic actuator, especially Motor Vehicle, wherein electromagnetic actuator is energized during the process of motivation (Ansteuervorgang), to affect the working state of final controlling element.
In addition, the invention still further relates to a kind of for carrying out the control apparatus of such operating method.
Background technique
The method that starts described type is known by DE 101 38 483 A1.In order to improve the precision when the excitation electric magnetic executor, the pulse of electromagnetic actuator loading current was given in known method setting before excitation, and from characterizing the measuring to send and revise excitation of endurance of current pulse.Realize thus, for the excitation endurance with a plurality of process of motivation of different power voltage be constant.
The shortcoming of known method is, before electromagnetic actuator is carried out to actual excitation, the requirement of current pulse to be separately set.Especially obtained thus the restriction aspect the minimum interval of the process of motivation in succession.In addition, itself has not improved the electric flux demand of corresponding circuit with encouraging not relevant current pulse.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, task of the present invention is following method and the control apparatus that improves the described type of beginning: the precision of the raising while being given in excitation electric magnetic executor, and do not require the additional current pulse of the constituent element that is not the process of motivation.
This task in the situation that the method for the described type of beginning according to the present invention, solve in the following way: when excitation electric magnetic executor, consider (especially existing) state of the magnetic circuit of electromagnetic actuator when the process of motivation starts.
Thus, according to the present invention, advantageously realized especially accurately excitation electric magnetic executor, because affect, residual field performance characteristic, that for example caused by the preceding process of motivation of electromagnetic actuator can be considered and especially described residual field can be compensated the effect of excitation in the future.
According to the present invention, have recognized that: the magnetizing current of primary inductance that especially flows through the magnetic circuit of electromagnetic actuator when the process of motivation starts affects the performance characteristic of electromagnetic actuator significantly.Thereby, in the particularly preferred form of implementation of operations according to the instant invention method, advise, according to the magnetization characteristic amount that characterizes magnetizing current, electromagnetic actuator is encouraged.
According to the present invention, magnetization characteristic amount for example can be determined according to the time changing curve of the coil current of the magnetic coil of the electromagnetic actuator of flowing through (Magnetspule).Especially, advantageously may determine in the process of motivation and start and coil current reaches the time lag between moment of expected value that can be given in advance, and form magnetization characteristic amount according to the determined time lag.The feature of this flexible program of the present invention is that its complexity is low and allows to determine the magnetization characteristic amount observed according to the present invention by simple time measurement.
According to the present invention, the excitation endurance of the current process of motivation and/or encourage initial can be by given in advance according to the state of magnetic circuit and/or magnetization characteristic amount.
In another very favorable form of implementation of the method according to this invention, arrange, determine the coil voltage in the moment limiting before the process of motivation starts on magnetic coil, and form magnetization characteristic amount according to determined magnitude of voltage.Can consider equally according to a plurality of formation magnetization characteristic amounts in foregoing amount (coil current, the time lag, coil voltage).
In another very favorable flexible program of operations according to the instant invention method, arrange, based on model according at least one energizing quantity of electromagnetic actuator, determine the state of magnetic circuit.
The model that represents electromagnetic actuator by use, can be according to the special state of accurately determining the magnetic circuit of electromagnetic actuator of at least one energizing quantity of electromagnetic actuator.Especially, in the situation that using according to model of the present invention, not only can but also can determine in other operating times of electromagnetic actuator the state of the magnetic circuit of electromagnetic actuator when the corresponding process of motivation starts.
In the situation that using according to model of the present invention, can particularly advantageously according to one or more preceding process of motivation, determine the state of magnetic circuit, obtain thus in the precision being enhanced of message context that characterizes the state of magnetic circuit.
Control apparatus according to claim 8 is illustrated as another solution of task of the present invention.
Particularly importantly by operations according to the instant invention method, the form with computer program realizes, this computer program can be stored on electronics or optical storage medium, and this computer program can be implemented by for example control gear and/or the controlling device for internal-combustion engine.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Other advantages, feature and details are obtained by description subsequently, in description subsequently, with reference to accompanying drawing, show various embodiment of the present invention.At this, in claims and the feature of mentioning in specification can just reflect essence of the present invention individually or with combination in any respectively itself.
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 schematically shows the Fuelinjection nozzle with the operated electromagnetic actuator according to the present invention of the internal-combustion engine of Motor Vehicle,
Fig. 2 shows the simple equivalent circuit figure of the magnetic circuit of the electromagnetic actuator in Fig. 1,
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 show respectively the time changing curve of the various workloads of electromagnetic actuator, and
Fig. 5 shows the functional diagram of another form of implementation of operations according to the instant invention method.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 schematically shows the Fuelinjection nozzle 100 of the internal-combustion engine of Motor Vehicle.Fuelinjection nozzle 100 has electromagnetic actuator 10, and at least one parts, for example needle of at this, not drawing of these electromagnetic actuator 10 driving fuel injection valves 100, to cause that fuel sprays.Electromagnetic actuator 10 is energized by the control apparatus 20 relevant to this electromagnetic actuator 10.Control apparatus 20 has computing unit in known mode own, for example has and is suitable for microcontroller or the DSP digital signal processor (DSP) that enforcement represents the computer program of the method according to this invention.
Fig. 2 shows common electromagnetic actuator 10(Fig. 1) the simple equivalent circuit figure of magnetic circuit 11.
This equivalent circuit diagram has the resistance R _ c of the Ohmic resistance of the primary air that represents electromagnetic actuator 10.R_c is connected in series with main inductance L_h with this Ohmic resistance, and described main inductance L_h represents the inductance of the magnetic coil of electromagnetic actuator 10.
Be provided with in parallel series circuit with main inductance L_h, this series circuit has leakage inductance L_ σ and other Ohmic resistance R_w*.
This other Ohmic resistance R_w* is the eddy current resistance that is transformed into that side of magnetic coil of electromagnetic actuator 10.
When the magnetic circuit 11 of giving electromagnetic actuator 10 or realizing by electromagnetic actuator 10 loads energizing voltage u, according to circuit topology described above, obtain coil current i_c.
Coil current i_c is as can be seen from Figure 2 like that according to branching into magnetizing current i_m and eddy current i_w* as lower node rule between main inductance L_h and leakage inductance L_ σ:
i_c+i_w*=i_m。
Among electric current described above, only magnetizing current i_m is conclusive for the magnetic force that produces electromagnetic actuator 10, and this magnetic force is for making the valve needle movements of Fuelinjection nozzle 100.Eddy current i_w* has contribution in known mode own to the electrical loss power of electromagnetic actuator 10.
In a word, according to distinguishing between primary current path I_1 and eddy current path I_w in the equivalent circuit diagram of Fig. 2, wherein eddy current path I_w extends on leakage inductance L_ σ.
Fig. 3 shows described above passing through according to the time changing curve of the electric current of the magnetic circuit of Fig. 2.
In this case, from the following working state of electromagnetic actuator 10: this working state is characterised in that do not have the energy of field form to be stored in inductance L _ h, L_ σ when the process of motivation starts t_0.This statement is identical with following content meaning: not only at moment t_0, to have be zero value for magnetizing current i_m but also eddy current i_w*, referring to Fig. 3.
When starting t_0 according to the excitation of Fig. 3, by control apparatus 20(Fig. 1) by the constant excitation voltage u(Fig. 2 that can be for example so-called booster voltage u=u_boost) be applied on the terminal of electromagnetic actuator 10, until coil current i_c reached can be given in advance expected value I_boos.And then, energizing voltage u is adjusted to less value.
In the situation that the incentive mode of realizing by energizing voltage u described above, obtained the time changing curve of current i _ c, i_m, i_w*, as drawn in Fig. 3.
Yet, once (operative scenario possible according to another), in excitation, start the value that the non-zero of magnetizing current i_m appears in t_0, just obtain the change curve different from the scene of setting forth with reference to Fig. 3 above.
When the beginning t_0 of excitation, occur that the magnetizing current i_m of non-zero is for example caused by the following fact: the preceding process of motivation finishes in the short time before beginning t_0 in time, is not decayed in the whole magnetic field of leakage inductance L_ σ.
In this case, in eddy current path I_w, obtain the eddy current i_w* of non-zero and obtain Fig. 2 by main inductance L_h() corresponding (same non-zero) magnetizing current i_m, this magnetizing current i_m plays the effect that forms magnetic force.
In this case, the curent change curve i_c1, i_m1, the i_w*1 that draw obtain Fig. 4 in the operative scenario that can compare with the operative scenario of illustrating in Fig. 3 of electromagnetic actuator 10 in.This means: when at moment t_0, give in static electromagnetic actuator 10 load constant energizing voltage u until coil current i_c1 reach can be given in advance expected value I_boos time, there is curent change curve i_c1, i_m1, i_w*1.And then, obtain as already described the decay of the electric current that relates to.
As, described above, three the first operative scenario of illustrating in Fig. 4 are characterised in that altogether, at moment t_0, do not have magnetizing current i_m1 to flow, i.e. i_m1=0.
Yet, as long as (and then another operative scenario) has the magnetizing current of non-zero to flow through main inductance L_h(Fig. 2 at the excitation t_0 zero hour) (with reference to curent change curve i_m2), according to the applicant, will determine following check: corresponding coil current change curve i_c2 compare with coil current change curve i_c1 moment t<t_1 more early reach can be given in advance expected value I_boos.
The eddy current change curve i_w*2 occurring is in this case illustrated equally in Fig. 4.
The operative scenario possible according to another, magnetizing current i_m3 also has also larger value of than this situation in magnetizing current change curve i_m2 at the excitation t_0 zero hour.To this reason, can be for example the short especially time out between two of electromagnetic actuator 10 process of motivation in succession, make the excitation t_0 zero hour of the observed herein process of motivation also have many stored energies in the magnetic field of leakage inductance L_ σ.
In this operative scenario, coil current i_c3 correspondingly reaches expected value I_boos that can be given in advance the earliest.
Corresponding eddy current change curve gets across by reference character i_w*3.
Arranged according to the present invention is, when excitation electric magnetic executor 10, consider magnetic circuit 11(Fig. 2 of electromagnetic actuator 10) state, especially also possible accuracy ground excitation electric magnetic executor 10 in following working state thus: in described working state, at the excitation t_0 zero hour, the magnetizing current i_m2 of non-zero, i_m3(Fig. 4) in leading.
Acquisition according to the invention reside in, is determined following magnetization characteristic amount about the simple especially and effective possibility of the information of the state of the magnetic circuit 11 of electromagnetic actuator 10: the flow through magnetizing current i_m of primary inductance L_h of the beginning t_0 that described magnetization characteristic amount is characterized in the process of motivation.Magnetization characteristic amount can advantageously be used directly to revise the excitation of electromagnetic actuator 10, i.e. energizing voltage u especially according to the present invention.For example, generally speaking can according to magnetization characteristic amount, revise the time changing curve of energizing voltage u, make no matter magnetizing current i_m obtains all the time the identical performance characteristic of electromagnetic actuator 10 and for example obtains thus Fig. 1 at Fuelinjection nozzle 100(in the actual value of moment t_0) identical emitted dose during work.
Especially effectively, according to the time changing curve of the coil current i_c of the magnetic coil of the electromagnetic actuator 10 of flowing through, can determine magnetization characteristic amount.
Especially simply, this can realize in the following way: determine the time lag t_mess between the moment t_1 that reaches expected value I_mess that can be given in advance at beginning t_0 and the coil current i_c1 of the process of motivation.For revising the magnetization characteristic amount of energizing quantity u, finally can form according to determined time lag t_mess.Particularly advantageously, select to equal the expected value I_mess of expected value I_boos, because there is the so also mark t_1 constantly of afterbody of the boost phase of constant voltage u-boos.
According to above with reference to described moment t_1 and the relation of magnetizing current i_m between the correlation of moment t_0 reaching the expected value I_boos of coil current i_c of Fig. 4, for obtaining different time lag t_mess according to the various operative scenario of Fig. 4.For example, coil current i_c3 from excitation constantly reach the earliest t_0 can be given in advance expected value I_boos because at the moment t_0 larger magnetizing current i_m3 that flowed.Correspondingly, for the 3rd operative scenario, obtain the minimum time lag.
According to the present invention, the predetermined value that can be started according to the excitation of the predetermined value of the excitation endurance of the state current process of motivation given in advance of magnetic circuit and/or for example excitation in the future by the time response described above of coil current i_c, wherein coil current i_c for example can be by control apparatus 20(Fig. 1) in known mode itself, by surveying, be detected.
When starting, excitation determines that another favourable method of the state of magnetic circuit is to determine voltage u when being about to apply booster voltage.When coil current was i_c=0 before excitation starts, this moves especially well so.In this case, according to the applicable i_m=i_w* of Kirchhoff's law.But draw immediately thus, applicable:
So, applicable for voltage u:
U is therefore proportional with i_m.
In another very favorable form of implementation of operations according to the instant invention method, the state of magnetic circuit 11 based on model according at least one energizing quantity of electromagnetic actuator 10, determined.
For this reason, can use the model 200 of drawing in Fig. 5, this model 200 is for example by control apparatus 20(Fig. 1) computing unit in corresponding computer program implement.
According to the present invention, input quantity E1, E2 are fed to model 200.Input quantity E1, E2 can be for example last fuel spray be present in the parameter in control apparatus 20.In addition, input quantity E1, E2 also can comprise the desired feature of post-injection.
Model 200 according to the present invention has been determined the parameter of excitation injection subsequently thus, and described parameter can be for example energizing voltage u(Fig. 2) time changing curve.Can be by providing the running parameter detecting by surveying of electromagnetic actuator 10 to be adapted at its duration of work according to model 200 of the present invention, described running parameter passes through reference character M symbolically in Fig. 5.Thus, can be individually and specific Fuelinjection nozzle 100(Fig. 1 according to model 200 of the present invention) match.
The amount M detecting by surveying can be for example energizing voltage u, exciting current I, according to these energizing voltages u, exciting current I, can determine other amounts, the duration flight (Flugdauer) of for example opening the moving element of the moment and/or closing moment and/or Fuelinjection nozzle 100, wherein said moving element completes ballistic trajectory during the excitation of Fuelinjection nozzle.
Model 200 according to the present invention is formed for the output quantity A of excitation electric magnetic executor 10 according to input quantity E1, the E2, the M that flow to this model 200, described output quantity A can be for example the time changing curve of energizing voltage u.
By the consideration to the magnetizing current of the beginning t_0 in the process of motivation according to the present invention, can realize especially accurately excitation electric magnetic executor 10.For example, can advantageously realize thus the excitation of electromagnetic actuator 10, wherein in extremely rapid succession carry out the various process of motivation.Time out between the adjacent process of motivation is little to the magnetic field of leakage inductance L_ σ is not eliminated again completely, until the process of motivation subsequently starts at this.Correspondingly, obtain the magnetizing current of non-zero at moment t_0, the magnetizing current of this non-zero is advantageously paid attention to according to the present invention when forming the energizing quantity of the process of motivation subsequently.

Claims (11)

1. one kind for operating the method for electromagnetic actuator (10), wherein electromagnetic actuator (10) is energized during the process of motivation, to affect the working state of final controlling element (10), it is characterized in that, the residual field existing when the process of motivation starts of electromagnetic actuator (10) is paid attention to when excitation electric magnetic executor (10).
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, according to magnetization characteristic amount, encourage the magnetizing current (i_m) of the primary inductance (L_h) of the magnetic circuit (11) of electromagnetic actuator (10) of flowing through when described magnetization characteristic amount is characterized in the beginning (t_0) of the process of motivation.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, according to the time changing curve of the coil current (i_c) of the magnetic coil of the electromagnetic actuator of flowing through (10), determines magnetization characteristic amount.
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, determine the time lag (t_mess) between the moment (t_1) that beginning (t_0) in the process of motivation and coil current (i_c) reach expected value (I_mess) that can be given in advance, and form magnetization characteristic amount according to the determined time lag (t_mess).
5. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the coil voltage that magnetization characteristic amount existed according to the moment having the time lag limiting before starting excitation forms.
6. according to the method one of the claims Suo Shu, it is characterized in that, according to the excitation endurance of the state of magnetic circuit (11) and/or the magnetization characteristic amount current process of motivation given in advance and/or encourage initial.
7. according to the method one of claim 1 to 5 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that, the state of magnetic circuit (11) based on model according at least one energizing quantity of electromagnetic actuator (10), determined.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the state of magnetic circuit (11) when the process of motivation in the future starts determined according to one or more preceding process of motivation.
9. according to the method one of claim 1 to 5 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that, electromagnetic actuator (10) is the Fuelinjection nozzle (100) of the internal-combustion engine of Motor Vehicle.
10. one kind for operating the control apparatus (20) of electromagnetic actuator (10), wherein electromagnetic actuator (10) can be energized during the process of motivation, to affect the working state of final controlling element (10), it is characterized in that, described control apparatus (20) has for consider the device of the residual field existing of electromagnetic actuator (10) when excitation electric magnetic executor (10) when the process of motivation starts.
11. control apparatuss according to claim 10 (20), is characterized in that, electromagnetic actuator (10) is the Fuelinjection nozzle (100) of the internal-combustion engine of Motor Vehicle.
CN201080037489.XA 2009-08-24 2010-07-23 Method and control unit for operating an electromagnetic actuator Active CN102472189B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009028829 2009-08-24
DE102009028829.5 2009-08-24
DE102010000872A DE102010000872A1 (en) 2009-08-24 2010-01-13 Method and control device for operating an electromagnetic actuator
DE102010000872.9 2010-01-13
PCT/EP2010/060691 WO2011023476A1 (en) 2009-08-24 2010-07-23 Method and control unit for operating an electromagnetic actuator

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CN102472189B true CN102472189B (en) 2014-11-05

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DE102012205573B4 (en) * 2012-04-04 2019-06-06 Continental Automotive Gmbh Determining the temporal movement behavior of a fuel injector based on an evaluation of the time course of various electrical parameters
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DE102012024862B3 (en) * 2012-12-19 2013-07-04 Audi Ag Actuator, motor vehicle with such an actuator and method for operating an actuator
DE102015209566B3 (en) * 2015-05-26 2016-06-16 Continental Automotive Gmbh Control of fuel injectors for multiple injections

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DE10311540A1 (en) * 2002-03-28 2004-01-08 Siemens Vdo Automotive Corp., Auburn Hills Controlling method for fuel injection in engine, involves adjusting voltage application time to shift actual injection start time to desired injection start time
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EP2470769B1 (en) 2021-07-07
WO2011023476A1 (en) 2011-03-03
CN102472189A (en) 2012-05-23
EP2470769A1 (en) 2012-07-04
DE102010000872A1 (en) 2011-03-03

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