CN102467121A - 泛能网的***能效控制器及控制方法以及终端设备的控制方法 - Google Patents
泛能网的***能效控制器及控制方法以及终端设备的控制方法 Download PDFInfo
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- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了用于泛能网的***能效控制器及控制方法、以及终端设备的控制方法,该***能效控制器包括控制决策模块;存储模块,与控制决策模块相连接,用于存储***运行过程中的临时和永久信息数据;电源时钟模块,与控制决策模块相连接,用于提供内部时钟,并实现控制器上多个处理器的定时同步;内部通信模块,用于提供***能效控制器与多个终端设备的控制实施单元之间的双向通信;以及外部通信模块,用于提供***能效控制器与上层的局域优化器之间的双向通信,其中所述多个终端设备包括能源生产、储存、应用与再生四环节的终端设备中的至少之一。该***能效控制器通过分层信息交互的方式实现分布式底层控制,可以容易地应用于构建广域泛能网和局域泛能网。
Description
技术领域
本申请涉及实现能源优化利用的***能效控制器及***控制方法,具体地,涉及用于实现分布式能源的优化利用的泛能网中使用的***能效控制器及***控制方法。
背景技术
提高能源的综合利用效率是实现低碳经济的关键之一。通过将现有电力网与网络通信技术相结合,可以实现电能生产、传输和利用的智能化。智能电网的基本特征是在技术上要实现信息化、自动化、互动化。我国学者武建东提出的互动电力网是在开放和互联的信息模式基础上,通过加载***数字设备和升级电力网网络管理***,实现发电、输电、供电、用电、客户售电、电力网分级调度、综合服务等电力产业全流程的智能化、信息化、分级化互动管理。然而,国家电网的智能电网技术仅仅是单一针对电能的信息化技术。
IBM在2008年提出了“智慧地球”和“云计算”的方案。智慧地球也称为智能地球,就是把感应器嵌入和装备到电网、铁路、桥梁、隧道、公路、建筑、供水***、大坝、油气管道等各种物体中,并且被普遍连接,形成所谓“物联网”,然后将“物联网”与现有的互联网整合起来,实现人类社会与物理***的整合。“智慧地球”的实质是物联网与互联网整合,“云计算”在最顶层提供了一定的数据服务功能。
IBM的智慧地球虽然实现了物与物的连接,但该方案缺乏对能源***综合的优化和协调控制,从而不能完全实现用户所期望的经济利益和社会效益。此外,该方案完全依赖于物联网和互联网的覆盖率。而且,该方案的网络结构扁平、庞大而复杂,无法根据用户需求改变***规模以及实现灵活而健壮的组网优化。
因此,本申请人在中国专利申请201010173519.1和201010173433.9中提出了泛能网的方案,以实现各种能源和物质的智能化和信息化,以及多能源(多种类型的能源和/或来自多个地理位置的能源)的耦合利用、管理和交易服务,其全文内容以引用方式结合在本文中。
泛能网基于***能效技术,通过能源生产、储存、应用与再生四环节的能量和信息的耦合,形成能量输入和输出跨时域地域的实时协同,实现***全生命周期的最优化和能量的增效。能效控制***对各能量流进行供需转换匹配,梯级利用、时空优化、以达到***能效最大化,最终输出一种自组织的高度有序的高效智能能源。
然而,仍然需要提供定义出各个网路节点的功能定义和协同方式的***能效控制器及***控制方法,以便容易地实现稳定而灵活的网络架构。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于实现分布式能源的优化利用的泛能网中使用的***能效控制器及***控制方法。
根据本发明的一方面,提供一种用于泛能网的***能效控制器,包括控制决策模块;存储模块,与控制决策模块相连接,用于存储***运行过程中的临时和永久信息数据;电源时钟模块,与控制决策模块相连接,用于提供内部时钟,并实现控制器上多个处理器的定时同步;内部通信模块,用于提供***能效控制器与多个终端设备的控制实施单元之间的双向通信;以及外部通信模块,用于提供***能效控制器与上层的局域优化器之间的双向通信,其中所述多个终端设备包括能源生产、储存、应用与再生四环节的终端设备。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供一种***能效控制器执行的控制方法,包括以下步骤:
a)根据预设的时间/事件驱动原则建立/更新四环节模型;
b)通过外部通信通道,从上层的局域优化器读取广域控制层和局域优化层的决策信息;
c)通过内部通信通道,收集辖区内的能源生产、储存、应用与再生四环节的终端设备的传感器信息;
d)根据四环节模型以及接收的决策信息和传感器信息进行***优化;
e)根据四环节模型以及接收的决策信息和传感器信息进行能效的增益;
f)通过内部通信通道,向能源生产、储存、应用与再生四环节的终端设备下发控制信息;
g)判断是否是合适的上报运行信息时机;
h)如果是合适的上报运行信息时机,则通过泛能控制层的外部通信通道,向局域优化器上报运行信息;
i)判断是否是合适的***模型更新时机;
j)如果是合适的***模型更新时机,则重复步骤a)-i);以及
k)如果不是合适的***模型更新时机,则重复步骤b)-j)。
根据本发明的又一方面,提供一种能源生产、储存、应用与再生四环节的终端设备执行的控制方法,包括以下步骤:
a)通过泛能控制层的内部通信通道,从***能效控制器读取相应的终端设备的控制信息;
b)收集相应的终端设备的本地传感信息和运行信息,并将收集的信息暂存在本地的存储器中;
c)根据读取的控制信息,控制相应的终端设备的运行参数;
d)判断是否是合适的上报运行信息时机;
e)如果是合适的上报运行信息时机,则通过泛能控制层的内部通信通道,向***能效控制器上报***运行信息;
f)重复步骤a)-e)。
该***能效控制器通过分层信息交互的方式实现分布式底层控制,一方面可以及时跟踪上层优化信息,调整控制策略;另一方面通过模型不断更新保证控制目标的准确性。此外,分布式底层控制方案有利于控制动作的快速、清晰和准确,降低通信带宽的要求;而运行信息的及时上报则便于上层网络及时掌握子***运行状况,以便实施进一步优化。
利用本发明的***效控制器及***控制方法,可以在现有的科技水平的基础上构建分层架构的广域泛能网。在这种分层架构的广域泛能网中,各个网络节点协同工作,在各自范围内实现能源生产、储存、应用与再生四环节的控制、优化和协调,从而获得最优的***能效。
还可以方便快捷地构建一个紧凑的局域泛能网,在一定范围内实现能源生产、储存、应用、再生各个环节的空域和时域综合优化,提高能源利用效率,降低成本和消耗,以获得最大的***能效。
附图说明
图1示意性地示出泛能网的能量子网络。
图2示意性地示出泛能网的物质子网络。
图3示意性地示出泛能网的信息子网络。
图4示意性地示出整个泛能网的逻辑结构。
图5示意性地示出泛能网的分层架构的实例,其中***能效控制器与终端设备和上层的局域优化器进行通信。
图6示意性地示出***能效控制器的控制方法的流程图。
图7示意性地示出终端设备的控制方法的流程图。
图8示意性地示出***能效控制器的硬件结构框图。
具体实施方式
首先,对本申请中使用的术语说明如下:
“***能效”:在***中能源利用的效率或效果,包括一组如热效率、电效率、(火用:exergy)效率等衡量***对能源品位和数量利用效果的参量。***能效改善的重要方面是能源供需品位和数量的匹配,是对人类产能和用能方式的改善。
“泛能网”:泛能网包括以传输泛能流的虚拟管道互联网络架构连接在一起的节点,在节点之间双向传输泛能流。节点包括***能效控制器,以及连接至***能效控制器的其他节点、能源生产装置、能源储存装置、能源应用装置和能源再生装置中的至少一个。其中,***能效控制器控制其他节点、能源生产装置、能源储存装置、能源应用装置和能源再生装置的至少一个的泛能流的输入和输出,泛能流包括能量流、物质流、信息流相互耦合协同而形成的逻辑智能流。
“泛能控制层”:位于泛能网的最底层,以一个基本的能源生产、储存、应用与再生四环节为控制对象。控制层接收来自于上层的优化指令,综合各种本地实时信息对各种能源设备进行控制,实现控制范围内能源生产、储存、应用与再生四环节子***的能效最优,并将子***运行信息反馈给上层。
“局域优化层”:位于泛能网的中间层,位于控制层之上。对一个区域内多个能源生产、储存、应用与再生四环节子***进行综合优化。局域优化层接收两个方向的消息:内部接收辖区内的各个能源生产、储存、应用与再生四环节子***的运行信息;外部接收更高层的协调规划信息。局域优化层综合这些信息,基于某种优化策略产生优化信息,并发送给每个能源生产、储存、应用与再生四环节子***,同时将局域运行信息发送给更高层。
“广域协调层”:位于泛能网的最高层,接收来自于局域优化层的信息,借助云计算、云优化等手段对整个区域的能源运行情况进行统一协调规划,并将协调信息下发给下一级网络的各个节点。
“终端设备”:能源生产、储存、应用与再生四环节的各种设备和机器,包括光伏一体板、真空集热器、燃气发电机、热泵、储冷罐、蓄电池、各种家电、微藻池等。每个设备都具备自动控制功能,能够采集本地物理信息,可接受外部的控制命令。
“***能效控制器”:泛能控制层的主控设备,行使泛能控制层的功能,根据控制范围内能源生产、储存、应用与再生四环节的各个设备的运行信息进行综合控制,并且和上层网络节点存在双向的泛能流交互。
“局域优化器”:局域优化层的网络节点,行使区域优化的功能,根据区域内部各个控制器上传的运行信息和更高层的规划信息,进行综合优化,并将区域运行信息发送给上层网络节点。
“广域协调器”:广域协调层的网络节点,行使广域范围协调规划的功能,一般来说具备云优化和云服务的功能。一方面根据整个区域的能源运行状况统一协调,产生局域优化层需要的规划信息;并且把整个***的重要运行参数备份起来,用于区域能源服务和政策规划的参考。
参见图1,泛能网的能量子网络构成了泛能网的网络结构中的能量部分,包括能源生产11、储存12、应用13与再生14四环节的终端设备之间能量的传输管线和连接设备。按照本发明,能量子网络位于泛能网的网络结构的***,根据能源设备之间的工艺要求实现连接。
作为泛能流的一部分的能量流在能源生产11、储存12、应用13与再生14四环节的终端设备之间流动,每一个设备的能量输出端装有控制阀门,对输出能量的流量、品质、开关时间等因素进行控制。***能效控制器20不直接对这些阀门进行控制。这里给出的能量流向是一个逻辑示意图,实际工程中要根据具体的工艺安排。
参见图2,泛能网的物质子网络构成了泛能网的网络结构中的物质部分,包括能源生产11、储存12、应用13与再生14四环节的终端设备之间物质的传输管线和连接设备。按照本发明,物质子网络位于泛能网的网络结构的***,根据能源设备之间的工艺要求实现连接。
作为泛能流的一部分的物质流在能源生产11、储存12、应用13与再生14四环节的终端设备之间流动,每一个设备的物质输出端装有控制阀门,对输出物质的流量、品质、开关时间等因素进行控制。***能效控制器20不直接对这些阀门进行控制。这里给出的物质流向是一个逻辑示意图,实际工程中要根据具体的工艺安排。
参见图3,泛能网的信息子网络构成了泛能网的网络结构中的信息通信部分。按照本发明,能源生产11、储存12、应用13与再生14四环节的终端设备彼此之间不存在直接的信息通信通道,而是通过网络节点实现信息互连。信息子网络位于泛能网的网络结构的中央,每个设备和***能效控制器20之间都存在双向的信息通道,用于传输传感信息和控制信息。
应当注意,***能效控制器20向终端设备发送的控制信息是在子***行为层面的指令,每个设备具有自主的控制实施单元,根据自身设备模型,将来自于***能效控制器的指令转化为控制所需要的控制中断、控制电压、电流、步进电机驱动信号等。
此外,***能效控制器20与各个终端设备之间的通信方式,可以根据设备工作环境而确定,要符合子***工作所要求的温度范围、压力变化、功耗/成本要求、工程便利性等因素。在下文中给出通信解决方案的实例。
图4示意性地示出整个泛能网的逻辑结构。能量子网络和物质子网络构成网络结构的***,而信息子网络位于网络结构的中央。
能量通道和物质通道位于能源生产11、储存12、应用13与再生14四环节的终端设备之间。
***能效控制器20利用信息通道与能源生产11、储存12、应用13与再生14四环节中的每个设备相连接,实现双向信息通信,从而完成整个网络结构的互连。
在工作时,每个设备将自己的本地传感信息发送给***能效控制器20,***能效控制器20综合每个终端设备的运行状况,基于***能源利用效率优化和增益算法,产生每个设备的控制信息并发送给每个设备,通过每个设备内部模型转化为控制所需的驱动信号。
能源生产11、储存12、应用13与再生14四环节的终端设备、***能效控制器20、能量通道、物质通道、信息通道、控制阀门等协同工作,实现能源生产11、储存12、应用13与再生14四环节的能效最优化。***能效控制器通过在各个终端设备之间构建正反馈回路,使得各个终端设备之间的输出互为激励,实现***能源利用效率的优化。
并且,***能效控制器通过引入环境势能,使得整体效能输出大于单个设备运行效率之和,实现***能源利用效率的增益。
图5示意性地示出泛能网的分层架构的实例,其中***能效控制器20-1至20-3与终端设备11-1、11-2、12、13、14和上层的局域优化器30进行通信。
如图所示,泛能网可以分为三层,自下向上分别为:泛能控制层、局域优化层和广域协调层(未示出),各层的网络节点分别为:***能效控制器20-1至20-3、局域优化器30和广域协调器(未示出)。
泛能控制层实现能源生产、储存、应用与再生四环节的终端设备的实时控制,以***能效控制器20-1至20-3为中心,综合子***运行信息和来自上层网络节点的优化信息,基于局部能效最优控制的策略,对各个设备进行控制。
局域优化层处于泛能网的中间,位于控制层之上,对一个区域内多个能源位于能源生产、储存、应用与再生四环节子***进行综合优化。
广域协调层位于泛能网的最高层,接收来自于局域优化层的信息,借助云计算、云优化等手段对整个区域的能源运行情况进行统一协调规划,并将协调信息下发给下一级网络的各个节点。
在该分层架构的实例中,通过泛能控制层的内部通信通道,***能效控制器20-1与辖区内的生产环节11-1和11-2的终端设备、再生环节14的终端设备、储存环节12的终端设备、以及应用环节13的终端设备实现双向通信,其中接收各个设备的传感信息并发送控制信息。
生产环节11-1的终端设备例如是发电装置,用于产生电流及热流,而生产环节11-2的终端设备例如是制冷装置,用于产生冷流,再生环节14的再生装置可以再生热流和冷流。发电装置产生的电流和热流、制冷装置产生的冷流、以及再生装置再生的热流和冷流可以提供给储存环节12和应用环节13的终端装置供其使用。
此外,各个环节的终端设备还包括自主的控制实施单元11a、11b、14a、12a和13a,根据自身设备模型,将来自于***能效控制器20-1的控制信息转化为控制指令。
内部通信通道可以基于终端功能和工作环境等进行选择,其中对功耗、实时性、组网方式、工程便利性、通信距离、通用性等方面进行综合考虑。可用的通信方式有:
M-Bus
总线方式,有线连接。支持***动态更新,通信距离较小。
485等串口通信
支持有线和无线连接,一种常见的串口点对点的通信方式,***变更时需要重新设置,功耗较小,实际可用的传输距离不大于30米。
ZigBee
无线局域网,成熟的区域组网方式,支持网络重构,功耗较小,最大距离:100米,适用于家庭/小型车间。
433MHz
无线委员会新近开放的通信频段,模块技术基本成熟,功耗比Zigbee更小,传输距离与ZigBee接近。
FTTX+EPON
FTTX(Fiber-to-the-x(FTTx)光纤接入)是一种缆线构成中包含光纤的新型输电线路,利用光纤进行EPON(以太无源光网络)的物理承载。与现有以太网的兼容性;方便的管理等等,是一种比较成熟的技术,但需要更新传输线路,增加***等信息收发设备。
通过泛能控制层与局域优化层之间的外部通信通道,多个***能效控制器20-1、20-2和20-3与上层的局域优化器30进行双向通信。泛能控制层和广域协调层之间没有直接的信息通道,而是经由局域优化层的局域优化器30实现信息翻译和转发,局域优化器30与广域协调器之间存在运行和规划的交互。
与内部通信通道相比,***能效控制器20与上层的局域控制器30之间的外部通信通道的传输距离和数据吞吐量要求较大,但功耗和频度要求相对较小。可用的方案有:
以太网口
即网卡接口,有无线或者有线两种方式,通信距离和组网规模受Internet网络的成熟度限制。
GPRS/3G
即基于公共移动通信网(PLMN:Public Land Mobile Network)的无线通信,适合于无线通信网络完备而Internet网络不成熟的区域。
USB
常用的高速串行接口,和上位机直接相连,实现高速的数据交互。也可以通过一些转换口,比如网线/USB、PCI/USB接口板实现其他方式的连接。
EPON
高速光纤接口协议。
PLC
智能电网的信息交互方式,借助现有的电力网络,输电线路中附加高频的通信载波,即所谓的电力线载波(PLC),用于交互信息。通信速率和组网方式灵活,前提是智能电网的覆盖范围内。
图6示意性地示出***能效控制器的控制方法的流程图。
***能效控制器20是泛能控制层的核心网络节点,一方面与辖区内的能源生产11、储存12、应用13与再生14四环节的终端设备相连接,一起构成泛能控制层,另一方面与上层的局域优化器30连接,以实现泛能网控制层与局域优化层的互连。
***能效控制器20的控制方法基于能源生产、储存、应用与再生四环节模型,实现泛能控制层的控制策略。
按照以下步骤执行该控制方法:
在开始之后,***能效控制器20根据预设的时间/事件驱动原则建立/更新四环节模型。
进一步地,通过外部通信通道,***能效控制器20从上层的局域优化器30读取广域控制层和局域优化层的决策信息。作为示例,从上层的局域优化器30读取的决策信息包括广域的能源使用的现状统计及预测信息、能源供应的价格走向及政策趋势、局域的能源供求分布信息、当前***能效控制器20的辖区内的四环节的终端设备的运行指导信息。
进一步地,通过内部通信通道,***能效控制器20收集辖区内的能源生产11、储存12、应用13与再生14四环节运行的终端设备的传感器信息。
进一步地,***能效控制器20根据四环节模型以及接收的决策信息和传感器信息进行***优化和能效增益,产生能源生产11、储存12、应用13与再生14四环节的终端设备的控制信息。
进一步地,通过内部通信通道,***能效控制器20向能源生产11、储存12、应用13与再生14四环节的终端设备下发控制信息。
进一步地,***能效控制器20判断是否是合适的上报运行信息时机。
可以采用时间驱动和事件驱动的混合驱动模式来判断是否是合适的上报运行信息时机,包括以下步骤:
根据泛能控制层的终端设备运行的最小时间粒度,定义运行信息的上报定时器T0;
***开始运行后,定时器T0到期后,触发中断信号E0,并将T0清空;
为任意一个设备Di输出定义上报触发条件Ci,即如果设备Di的运行状况满足条件Ci,则触发一个中断信号Ei,并记录中断信息为Ci=1;
上报判断函数平时出于空闲状态,得到中断信号后,触发信息上报,并记录中断类型。
在没有触发时,***能效控制器20和局域优化器30、广域协调器都处于空闲状态。在唤醒定时中断或者任务中断信号的触发时,***能效控制器20和局域优化器30、广域协调器进行信息上报,实现状态向上迁移。
任务中断可以由多个不同优先级的子中断构成,低优先级的任务在执行过程中可以被高优先级的任务中断打断,同时记录中断现场,在高优先级任务完成后可以自动返回,空闲状态出于最低优先级,主要任务是被动接受各级中断。应该注意的是:***能效控制器20和局域优化器30、广域协调器的唤醒时钟和任务中断根据各自的工作参数分别定义,构成各自独立的混合驱动有限状态机FSM。
如果是合适的上报运行信息时机,则通过泛能控制层的外部通信通道,***能效控制器20向局域优化器30上报运行信息,并且***能效控制器20进一步地判断是否是合适的***模型更新时机。如果不是合适的上报运行信息时机,则直接进一步判断是否是合适的***模型更新时机。
***能效控制器20上报的***运行信息包括:生产设备的剩余产能,原材料需求,能源生产状态(饱和、空闲、过载);流通工具的顺畅度,储能现状与空间;用能设备的能源消耗的数量与品质需求,需求满足情况;余热、废水、污染烟气再生装置运行情况:良好、闲置、过载告警等。
进一步地,如果是合适的***模型更新时机,则***能效控制器20重新建立/更新四环节模型,然后重复上述随后的步骤。如果不是合适的***模型更新时机,则***能效控制器20读取上层决策信息,然后重复上述随后的步骤。
图7示意性地示出能源生产11、储存12、应用13与再生14四环节的终端设备的控制方法的流程图,例如通过图5所示的各个终端设备的控制实施单元11a、11b、14a、12a和13a来执行。
在开始之后,通过泛能控制层的内部通信通道,控制实施单元11a、11b、14a、12a和13a从***能效控制器20读取相应的终端设备的控制信息。
进一步地,控制实施单元11a、11b、14a、12a和13a收集相应的终端设备的本地传感信息和运行信息,并将收集的信息暂存在本地的存储器中。
进一步地,控制实施单元11a、11b、14a、12a和13a根据读取的控制信息,控制相应的终端设备的运行参数。
进一步地,控制实施单元11a、11b、14a、12a和13a判断是否是合适的上报运行信息时机。该步骤类似于***能效控制器20所执行的判断是否是合适的上报运行信息时机的步骤,因此不再对其详细说明。
如果是合适的上报运行信息时机,则控制实施单元11a、11b、14a、12a和13a通过泛能控制层的内部通信通道向***能效控制器20上报***运行信息,并且进一步地通过泛能控制层的内部通信通道从***能效控制器20读取控制新的控制信息,然后重复上述随后的步骤。如果不是合适的上报运行信息时机,则控制实施单元11a、11b、14a、12a和13a直接通过泛能控制层的内部通信通道从***能效控制器20读取控制新的控制信息,然后重复上述随后的步骤。
各个终端设备需要上报的运行信息可以不相同。生产环节的终端设备需要上报的运行信息例如包括:输出功率、输出效率、能源品质、原料消耗、剩余产能、设备运行状况、告警信息等。储存环节的终端设备需要上报的运行信息例如包括:流通效率(单位能源完成运输所需时间和成本)、物流交通工具闲置情况、储存空间剩余、设备告警信息等。应用环节的终端设备需要上报的运行信息例如包括:冷、热、电的需求数量、环境告警信息。再生环节的终端设备需要上报的运行信息例如包括:余热回收率、废水处理负载、CO2回收率、设备运行及告警信息等。
图8示意性地示出***能效控制器20的硬件结构框图,用于执行图6所示的控制方法。该***能效控制器20包括控制决策模块21,例如ARM;存储模块22,例如DDRAM,与控制决策模块21相连接,用于存储***运行过程中的临时和永久信息数据;电源时钟模块23,与控制决策模块21相连接,用于提供内部时钟,并实现控制器上多个处理器的定时同步;内部通信模块24,用于实现***能效控制器20与各个终端设备的控制实施单元11a、11b、14a、12a和13a之间的双向通信(即泛能控制层的内部通信);以及外部通信模块25,用于实现***能效控制器20与上层的局域优化器30之间的双向通信(即泛能控制层的外部通信)。
控制决策模块21例如由ARM等处理器构成,负责完成***优化模型的实现,具有实时操作***,比如Linux、ThreadX等。控制决策模块21以最小时钟周期对***运行信息进行处理,并根据***模型,在定时/事件驱动下更新控制消息并下发给辖区内的各受控设备。
内部通信模块24可以包括多种通信方案的端口,如M-BUS端口24-1、RS 485端口24-2、Zi gBee端口24-3、433MHz端口24-4、以及EPON端口24-5,以实现泛能控制层的内部通信通道,经由该内部通信通道收集各个终端设备的控制实施单元11a、11b、14a、12a和13a的运行信息以及向其下发控制信息。
外部通信模块25可以包括多种通信方案的端口,如以太网端口25-1、USB端口25-2、GPRS/3G端口25-3、PLC端口25-4、以及EPON端口25-5,以实现泛能控制层的外部通信通道,经由该外部通信通道,向局域控制器30上报子***运行信息,并从局域控制器30获得针对相应的泛能控制层的优化信息。
***能效控制器20通过处理器内部的固件实现策略优化和控制命令的产生,当优化策略出现更新或者升级,只需要重新生成版本并烧录即可,而无须更换器件和硬件设计,因此具有很强的适应性。
尽管已经结合特定的优选实施例描述了本发明,但应当理解的是,本发明所包含的主旨并不限于这些具体的实施例。相反,本发明的主旨意在包含全部可替换、修改和等价物,这些都包含在所附权利要求的精神和范围内。
Claims (11)
1.一种用于泛能网的***能效控制器,包括
控制决策模块;
存储模块,与控制决策模块相连接,用于存储***运行过程中的临时和永久信息数据;
电源时钟模块,与控制决策模块相连接,用于提供内部时钟,并实现控制器上多个处理器的定时同步;
内部通信模块,用于提供***能效控制器与多个终端设备的控制实施单元之间的双向通信;以及
外部通信模块,用于提供***能效控制器与上层的局域优化器之间的双向通信,
其中所述多个终端设备包括能源生产、储存、应用与再生四环节的终端设备中的至少之一。
2.根据权利要求1所述的***能效控制器,其中***能效控制器综合各个终端设备的运行状况,产生每个设备终端的控制信息并将控制信息发送给每个终端设备,每个终端设备的控制实施单元将控制信息模型转化为控制所需的驱动信号。
3.根据权利要求2所述的***能效控制器,其中***能效控制器通过在各个终端设备之间构建正反馈回路而实现***能源利用效率的优化。
4.根据权利要求2所述的***能效控制器,其中***能效控制器通过引入环境势能而实现***能源利用效率的增益。
5.根据权利要求1所述的***能效控制器,其中内部通信模块包括选自M-BUS端口、RS 485端口、ZigBee端口、433MHz端口、以及EPON端口中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的***能效控制器,外部通信模块包括选自以太网端口、USB端口、GPRS/3G端口、PLC端口、以及EPON端口中的至少一种。
7.一种根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的***能效控制器执行的控制方法,包括以下步骤:
a)根据预设的时间/事件驱动原则建立/更新四环节模型;
b)通过外部通信通道,从上层的局域优化器读取广域控制层和局域优化层的决策信息;
c)通过内部通信通道,收集辖区内的能源生产、储存、应用与再生四环节的终端设备的传感器信息;
d)根据四环节模型以及接收的决策信息和传感器信息进行***优化;
e)根据四环节模型以及接收的决策信息和传感器信息进行能效的增益;
f)通过内部通信通道,向能源生产、储存、应用与再生四环节的终端设备下发控制信息;
g)判断是否是合适的上报运行信息时机;
h)如果是合适的上报运行信息时机,则通过泛能控制层的外部通信通道,向局域优化器上报运行信息;
i)判断是否是合适的***模型更新时机;
j)如果是合适的***模型更新时机,则重复步骤a)-i);以及
k)如果不是合适的***模型更新时机,则重复步骤b)-j)。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中步骤d)包括在各个终端设备之间构建正反馈回路,以实现***能源利用效率的优化。
9.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中步骤e)包括引入环境势能,以实现***能源利用效率的增益。
10.一种能源生产、储存、应用与再生四环节的终端设备执行的控制方法,包括以下步骤:
a)通过泛能控制层的内部通信通道,从***能效控制器读取相应的终端设备的控制信息;
b)收集相应的终端设备的本地传感信息和运行信息,并将收集的信息暂存在本地的存储器中;
c)根据读取的控制信息,控制相应的终端设备的运行参数;
d)判断是否是合适的上报运行信息时机;
e)如果是合适的上报运行信息时机,则通过泛能控制层的内部通信通道,向***能效控制器上报***运行信息;
f)重复步骤a)-e)。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中在步骤e)中,上报的***运行信息决定于能源生产、储存、应用与再生四环节的终端设备的类型。
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WO2012062184A1 (zh) | 2012-05-18 |
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US20140148964A1 (en) | 2014-05-29 |
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