CN102442431A - Rotor blade adopting flat design - Google Patents
Rotor blade adopting flat design Download PDFInfo
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- CN102442431A CN102442431A CN2010105180394A CN201010518039A CN102442431A CN 102442431 A CN102442431 A CN 102442431A CN 2010105180394 A CN2010105180394 A CN 2010105180394A CN 201010518039 A CN201010518039 A CN 201010518039A CN 102442431 A CN102442431 A CN 102442431A
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- rotor blade
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Abstract
The invention particularly provides a rotor blade (1) for the main rotor of a rotary-wing aircraft, which is made of fiber reinforcement plastic. The rotor blade (1) comprises a blade part (10) and a connecting part (12) used for fixing the rotor blade (1) on a driving device (18); the connecting part (12) comprises sleeve-shaped connecting devices (14); and the further development of the rotor blade (1) lies in that the connecting devices (14) comprise flat fiber layers (S1 to S18) which approximately extend in the extending planes of the connecting parts (12).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rotor blade, the autogiro of processing by fiber reinforced plastic specifically or the master rotor of helicopter.It comprises blade-section and the connecting bridge that is used for rotor blade is fixed to actuating device.Connecting bridge comprises the sleeve shaped connecting device and is positioned at the place, the end relative with blade tips of rotor blade and therefore towards axle drive shaft.Connecting bridge is connected to actuating device with rotor blade at least indirectly.For this reason, connecting bridge comprises and for example is used for bolted at least one sleeve shaped connecting device.Because can absorb blade from its tilting moment of advancing forward and producing or cause by the inertia of blade, so rotor blade more advantageously has two sleeve shaped connecting devices disposed adjacent one another in the rotational plane of blade.
Background technology
Now, rotor blade uses wet structured approach or preimpregnation structured approach to make usually.This makes that degree of automation is low and need a large amount of manual work and cause cost to be concentrated and easy error.Even the effect that therefore the little improvement of moving vane or its manufacturing approach also can have cost-cutting or improve the quality.The exploitation of new moving vane system mainly be want that depowering requires, weight and safeguarding spends, to improve the life-span simultaneously and reduce manufacturing cost.Life-span is introduced by the power between moving vane and the actuating device and power transmission decision basically.Power is introduced moving vane and is realized through the ring and the bolted connection of dynamic high capacity usually.Ring connects the solution that is considered to be suitable for fiber.But, find that ring bonded assembly working strength depends on the characteristic of resin.Therefore, need additional member to increase dynamic strength.It is useful that bolted connection connects as detouchable.Wherein their collapsible hinges of especially making formation mainly be used in the military field become possibility.
GB-A2131373 has disclosed the rotor blade of the master rotor that is used for autogiro; Rotor blade is processed by fiber reinforced plastic; Comprise blade-section and connecting bridge; Connecting bridge has the smooth fibrage that roughly in the extension plane of connecting bridge, extends, and rotor blade is fixed to actuating device, and actuating device comprises the sleeve shaped connecting device.The axial-radial elastic bearing is introduced root of blade to connect rotor blade.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, target of the present invention is further to simplify the manufacturing of the rotor blade of particular type.
This target realizes at the rotor blade of particular type, is that at first connecting device comprises the smooth fibrage that in the extension plane of connecting bridge, extends substantially or especially constitutes.The connecting bridge of rotor blade extends in its rotational plane substantially.According to the present invention, said part is tied formation from the fibrage that also rotational plane, extends or from corresponding fiber.Therefore, the present invention is not the annular connecting device that forms through the so-called ring of standing, and fibrage forms the ring of standing perpendicular to the rotational plane of rotor blade in the so-called ring of standing.On the contrary, when forming annular or sleeve shaped connecting device, it follows the fibrolaminar stress carrying bonded assembly principle that is arranged in rotational plane.Therefore, this feasible very smooth connecting bridge that possibly realize only having little bottom-to-top-height.Therefore, connecting bridge has low air draught.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the fibrage that forms connecting bridge had both comprised unidirectional ply, and also comprised the additional fibre layers that pivots and extend with an angle with respect to unidirectional ply.In the unidirectional fiber layers alignment of fiber corresponding to rotor blade vertically.Therefore, unidirectional fiber layers can be especially optimally and is transmitted the centnifugal force of rotor blade with the saving in material mode.The fiber of extra play can be used as between unidirectional fiber layers additional enhancement Layer with for example+/-30 ,+/-45 ,+/-60 or 0/90 the degree almost arbitrarily angled extension.They can comprise about 50-60% unidirectional fiber layers, 35-45%+fibrage of/-45 degree and 0/90 fibrage of about 5-10%.These additional layers also can be formed by twin shaft or three diablement forts or fabric.Should can in connecting bridge, be set to the unidirectional fibre between them by additional fibrage with identical or different share.Therefore, the entire cross section in the join domain can be filled with lamination coating.
According to another advantageous embodiments of the present invention, unidirectional ply extends in the blade-section of rotor blade.Therefore, they form the component of connecting bridge and blade-section.They extend to blade tips serially the there.Specifically, they can form the spar of blade-section, and spar extends and form the leading edge of blade along the longitudinal direction of blade.Thus, they have guaranteed the good connection of blade-section to connecting bridge.Extra play also can extend into blade-section at least in part and help its formation.The layer of blade epidermis also can be attached to connecting bridge.But the uninterrupted flow of unidirectional ply is that to the favourable part that has in contrast to this they flow to according to power and the direction extension of centnifugal force also uses minimum material that these power transmission are got into connecting bridge as much as possible.
According to another advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the unidirectional fiber layers that is attached to the blade-section of rotor blade mainly is arranged in the near surface zone of connecting device.Therefore, they surround extra play or enhancement Layer, and the result is that connecting bridge can increase its bending stiffness and improve its strength characteristics.
According to another advantageous embodiment of the present invention, connecting bridge comprises with respect to the longitudinal axis of rotor blade spends the additional enhancement Layer that extends with about 90.The intensity of connecting bridge also can further improve through this mode.
According to another advantageous embodiment of the present invention, all fibrages comprise fabric or the diablement fort with fibrous glass and carbon fiber component.Therefore, rotor blade and specifically be its connecting bridge with the Mixed Design structure of fibrous glass and carbon fiber, this has comprised the favourable part of both materials simultaneously.
Therefore, according to the present invention, carry the bonded assembly principle according to stress and form the sleeve shaped connecting device.This means that the fibrage in the bolted connection zone is interrupted by the sleeve shaped gap.As in existing technology, this gap can be omitted through the fibrage of rotor blade is introduced in the connecting bridge.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the sleeve shaped connecting device is formed by the hole on the extension plane that is approximately perpendicular to connecting bridge.The hole is led to stress and carry to be connected, and stress carries and connects in the course of the work more or less individually in their extension plane the fibrage of load connecting portion and therefore optimally be suitable for fiber.According to prior art, when power is introduced through bolt,, stress replaces standing ring because carrying to connect, and therefore no longer include and cause in the ring layering and the power of the breaking entering fibrage that squints.On the contrary, the fibrage that is loaded is almost not skew ground extension between connecting bridge and rotor blade.Therefore, can use minimum material to reach maximum load-carrying capacity.This helps cheap for manufacturing cost, long life, the little gauge of connecting bridge and the light weight of rotor blade.
According to another advantageous embodiment of the present invention, connecting device has lining shape metal reinforcement.Therefore, on the one hand, can improve entering and introduce with the power of fiber composite design-calculated connecting bridge and make it more even, and on the other hand, can reduce the wearing and tearing of connecting device.
According to another advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the sleeve shaped connecting device is different with the meet at right angles Edge Distance of direction of the edge and the longitudinal axis of rotor blade in the longitudinal axis of rotor blade.Therefore, the different situations of stress carrying bonded assembly inefficacy can be offset.Along the longitudinal direction of blade,, can realize that enough shearing strength values are to prevent owing to fail in shear is torn connecting device through setting the Edge Distance size of connecting device at the place, front side.Connecting device possibly determine it for eliminating the pulling strengrth that cheek breaks with distance each other to the Edge Distance of the lateral edges that extends along the blade longitudinal direction.The lateral edge distance can keep lower a little through the higher a little share of unidirectional fiber layers.
Description of drawings
Principle of the present invention will describe in further detail with reference to description of drawings as an example hereinafter.In the accompanying drawings:
The load that Fig. 1 illustrates according to prior art connects,
Fig. 2 illustrates according to connecting bridge of the present invention, and
Fig. 3 illustrates and is used for fibrage that rotor blade and connecting bridge are formed together.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 illustrates prior art.For this reason, Fig. 1 a is illustrated in the part of the rotor-support-foundation system of rotor blade bonded assembly position.The blade-section a that can discern immediately carries out the transition to and forms ring bonded assembly connecting bridge b therein.This forms the interface with actuating device c, and interface surrounds connecting bridge b with fork-shaped.Bolt d will install c and be connected to connecting bridge b.
Fig. 1 b illustrates the cutaway view in the zone of bolt d according to Fig. 1 a.Blade-section comprises the fibrous glass of ring-type, is called rove e.Rove e is wound in ring f around the fiber lining k that twines.In the cutaway view of Fig. 1 b, therefore the plane of rove e is parallel to the axis direction of bolt d and lining k or extends perpendicular to the extension plane of connecting bridge b.They form gives connecting bridge b " standing " ring f with height H.Between them the central space g that is filled with horizontal coated fiber material or shredded fibre piece.Therefore, between the lamination coating of ring f and central space g, formed disadvantageous release surface i.
Fig. 2 illustrates comparison diagram.Among Fig. 2 a, can be from the short part that carries out the transition to connecting bridge 12 of rotor blade 1 identification blade-section 10.The fork-shaped interface of this part driven device 18 surrounds, and is detachably fixed to the fork-shaped interface of actuating device 18 through hinged bolt 20.
Fig. 2 b illustrates the cutaway view that passes connecting bridge 12 according to Fig. 2 a.This forms through the fibrage S1 to S18 that range upon range of ground level applies fully.Connecting device 14 forms two vertically extending holes 16 passing fibrage S1 to S18.The overlapping fibrage S1 to S18 that forms connecting bridge 12 has thickness h together.
Then, hole 16 only is drilled in the connecting bridge 12.This causes very the regular cylinder stress that is formed uniformly hole 16 of making peace to carry, subsequently production on the identifying hole 16 definitely.16 edge can carry fully because original state display format, all the other cross-sectional planes of connecting bridge 12 are up to the hole, and the result is the optimal utilization of cross-sectional plane and the therefore minimum size of connecting bridge 12.Hole 16 is extended the fibrage S1 to S18 that passes connecting bridge 12 in plane perpendicular to it and therefore optimally they is loaded with the mode of suitable fiber.Introducing in the process of power through bolt 20, because carrying, the stress in hole 16 connects, do not get into the skew of the power of fibrage S1 to S18, this skew can cause the layering in the connecting bridge 12.Therefore, can use minimum material to reach maximum load-carrying capacity.This helps production with low cost, long life, little extension size and light rotor blade 1 weight.
In the planar view according to the connecting bridge 12 of Fig. 2 c, but identifying hole 16 has than to the short Edge Distance R1 to the lateral edges 22 of connecting bridge 12 of the distance (Edge Distance R2) of its front side 24.Making in accordance with the present production process to realize making connecting bridge 12 to be suitable for the material savings of load subsequently.Carry the bonded assembly shear fails and offset owing to the longitudinal direction along blade tears stress that at least one hole 16 produces by the Edge Distance R2 of sufficient size.R2 defines two of each hole 16 of being used for shearing stress with the height h of connecting bridge 12 and transmits the surface.Layer with horizontal expansion fiber especially absorbs this load.
The inefficacy that two holes 16 are passed transverse to the direction of the longitudinal direction of blade in connecting bridge 12 edges, promptly " cheek breaks " is equivalent to tension failure.The cross-sectional plane that is loaded thus multiply by the stress load-bearing surface that its height h deducts hole 16 from the width of connecting bridge 12 and calculates.Enough be suitable for the cross-sectional plane that carries because between hole 16, have, so Edge Distance R1 can be littler.Tensile load can be absorbed by unidirectional ply S2, S3, S5, S7 and S8 (referring to Fig. 3) basically.
Lateral plan or cutaway view according to Fig. 1 a or 1b and 2a or 2b illustrate another advantage according to building method of the present invention: the connecting bridge 12 with height h of about 36mm is significantly smaller than the prior art of the height H with about 58mm.Because the aerodynamic force ground of thickness H or h decision connecting bridge b or 12 is exposed to the zone of incoming flow, so connecting bridge 12 according to the present invention provides enough low air draught.
On the other hand, in the planar view according to Fig. 1 c or 2c, the large-size in the extension plane of connecting bridge 12 is obvious.Have cooresponding load-carrying capacity, Edge Distance R2 according to the present invention is approximately 1.5 times big of prior art.Edge Distance R1 is also bigger.But,, therefore can accept the size of these expansions because these sizes are extended and the connection of the rotor blade in this plane is limited by any structure hardly in the adiaphorous rotational plane of aerodynamics.
Fig. 3 illustrates the cross section of fibrage S1 to S18 and the example of plane of arrangement.In the direction of arrow E, their insertions are used for the lower case of the product mold of resin injection method with formation rotor blade 1.At first to be placed on layer S1 in the mould comprise the longitudinal axis that has with respect to rotor blade 1+/-multi-axial fabric of miter angle degree alignment and form the lower blade epidermis.Ensuing layer S2 and S3 are the unidirectional fiber layers of part of the spar of formation rotor blade 1.They in blade-section 10 flatly and rectangular area extends and in expansion suddenly in connecting bridge 12 on its base surface.
Layer S4 is the enhancement Layer that comprises triaxial fabric.As shown in the figure, S3 compares with layer, and layer S4 do not recharge entire connection portion 12.
Ensuing layer S5 also comprises unidirectional fiber material.This layer extends through whole blade part 10 and in connecting bridge 12, is expanding on its Width.This same part that forms rotor blade 1 central spar.It also no longer fills the whole length of connecting bridge 12 along the longitudinal direction of rotor blade 1.Correspondingly, next be a layer S6 to S8.
Be different from above-mentioned principle, layer S10 forms the enhancement Layer that comprises unidirectional fiber material.Opposite with above-mentioned layer S2, S3, S5, S7 and the S8 of unidirectional fiber material, it does not relate in rotor blade 1 and forms spar.Ensuing layer S11 to S18 also is enhancement Layer, and except last layer S18, these enhancement Layers do not recharge entire connection portion 12.
Layer S1 to S3 and S5, S7 and S8 form the lower case of blade-section 10 and are further introduced in the join domain 12 of rotor blade 1.So, partly locate them through between them and enhancement Layer S4, S6, S9 to S18 are set separate for this reason connecting.
Fig. 3 illustrates fibrage S2 to S18, they from connecting bridge 12 to blade-section 10 transition almost extend with the right angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of blade.At transition position, they each have edge K, edge K shows the right angle greatly with respect to the longitudinal axis A of blade and extends and successively shorten.The stagger arrangement of edge K is arranged and is produced from connecting bridge 12 to blade-section 10 cross and do not have rigidity and jump along slipping over.
Fig. 4 is at another embodiment shown in the section drawing; Fibrage T1 to T16 follows the basic structure according to Fig. 3; But a layer T2 to T16 has about the modification of connecting bridge 12 ' to the transition between the blade-section 10 ': edge L (only the edge of marking layer T2 to T4 is as an example) extends with the right angle in layer T2 to T8, but at least in part with respect to the longitudinal axis A inclination of blade.On the other hand, the edge L of layer T9 to T16 has almost the pit-type about longitudinal axis A symmetry, and this is similar to root of the tooth its formal cause.The tip of layer T15 and T16 is excised, and makes their extra acquisitions with respect to axis A bevelled edge M.
Edge L also is similar to edge K (referring to Fig. 3).This has prevented unexpected rigidity transition and has therefore improved the bonded assembly strength character.Because the stagger arrangement depression of layer T9 to T16 has formed the cavity of filling with foamed core material or analogue.Next layer T16 have another layer at least, because discernible layout in the meeting coverage diagram 4, so not shown this layer.
Though the above-mentioned rotor wing to describe in detail comprises exemplary embodiment, it can be revised with common mode by those of ordinary skill in the art in not departing from scope of the present invention widely.Specifically, fibrolaminar concrete cutting can realize with different form described herein with the order that they are arranged.Equally, because space or design-calculated reason, if necessary, the mechanism that is connected to connecting bridge can multi-formly construct.In addition, employed indefinite article " " or " one " do not get rid of correlated characteristic also for the plural number situation.
Reference numerals list
The a blade-section
The b connecting bridge
The c actuating device
The d bolt
The e rove
The f ring
The g central space
The i release surface
The k lining
1 rotor blade
10,10 ' blade-section
12,12 ' connecting bridge
14 connecting devices
16 holes
18 actuating devices
20 bolts
22 lateral edges
24 front sides
The longitudinal axis of A rotor blade
H, the h height
The edge of K layer S12 to S18
The edge of L layer T2 to T16
The edge of M layer T15, T16
R1, R2 Edge Distance
S1 to S18 fibrage
Claims (11)
1. a rotor blade (1) specifically is used for the master rotor of autogiro, and said rotor blade (1) is processed by fiber reinforced plastic, and said rotor blade (1) comprising:
-blade-section (10),
-connecting bridge; (12); Said connecting bridge; (12) be used for said rotor blade; (1) is fixed to actuating device; (18); Said connecting bridge; (12) comprise the sleeve shaped connecting device; (14) and bolt; (20); Said muff-joint device; (14) have roughly at said connecting bridge; (12) the smooth fibrage that extends in the extension plane; (S1 to S18); Said bolt; (20) be approximately perpendicular to said connecting bridge; (12) introduce with said connecting bridge on said extension plane; (12) be fixed to said actuating device; (18)
It is characterized in that said sleeve shaped connecting device (14) forms stress and carries connection, the said smooth fibrage (S1 to S18) of said connecting bridge (12) is loaded by said bolt (20).
2. rotor blade as claimed in claim 1 (1) is characterized in that said fibrage (S1 to S18) comprises unidirectional ply (S2; S3; S5; S7; S8; S10; S12; S13; S15; S17) and the extra play (S1 that pivots at a certain angle and extend with respect to said unidirectional ply; S4; S6; S9; S1; S14; S16; S18).
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 rotor blade (1) is characterized in that unidirectional ply (S2; S3; S5; S7; S8) extend into said blade-section (10).
4. like each described rotor blade (1) in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that the fibrage (S1) of the blade epidermis of said blade-section (10) is attached to said connecting device (12).
5. like each described rotor blade (1) in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, at said fibrage (S1 to S3; S5; S7; S8) consolidating layer (S4 that does not extend into said blade-section (10) between from said blade-section (10); S6; S9 to S18).
6. like each described rotor blade (1) in the above-mentioned claim, it is characterized in that the said extension plane that is approximately perpendicular to said connecting bridge (12) is to form the hole (16) of eye shape connecting device (14).
7. like the described rotor blade of above-mentioned claim (1), it is characterized in that metal reinforced of the lining shape of said eye shape connecting device (14).
8. like the rotor blade (1) of institute's prescription, it is characterized in that, be arranged in the unidirectional ply (S2 in the near surface zone of said connecting device (12); S3; S5; S7; S8).
9. a described rotor blade (1) as in the above-mentioned claim is characterized in that, the consolidating layer that extends with the angle of 90 degree roughly with respect to the said longitudinal axis of said rotor blade (1).
10. like a described rotor blade (1) in the above-mentioned claim, it is characterized in that the fibrous glass of said fibrage (S1 to S18) and carbon fiber share.
A 11. as described rotor blade (1) in the above-mentioned claim; It is characterized in that said sleeve shaped connecting device (14) is along the meet at right angles different Edge Distances of direction of said longitudinal axis direction and the edge and the said longitudinal axis of said rotor blade (1) of said rotor blade (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010518039.4A CN102442431B (en) | 2010-10-11 | 2010-10-11 | Rotor blade adopting flat design |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010518039.4A CN102442431B (en) | 2010-10-11 | 2010-10-11 | Rotor blade adopting flat design |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102442431A true CN102442431A (en) | 2012-05-09 |
| CN102442431B CN102442431B (en) | 2015-06-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010518039.4A Active CN102442431B (en) | 2010-10-11 | 2010-10-11 | Rotor blade adopting flat design |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102442431B (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4110056A (en) * | 1976-05-06 | 1978-08-29 | Westland Aircraft Limited | Fibre reinforced plastics structure |
| US4352632A (en) * | 1980-02-19 | 1982-10-05 | Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Rotor mounting assembly for rotary wing aircraft |
| GB2131373A (en) * | 1982-12-03 | 1984-06-20 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Rotor blade of fibre-reinforced plastics material |
-
2010
- 2010-10-11 CN CN201010518039.4A patent/CN102442431B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4110056A (en) * | 1976-05-06 | 1978-08-29 | Westland Aircraft Limited | Fibre reinforced plastics structure |
| US4352632A (en) * | 1980-02-19 | 1982-10-05 | Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Rotor mounting assembly for rotary wing aircraft |
| GB2131373A (en) * | 1982-12-03 | 1984-06-20 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Rotor blade of fibre-reinforced plastics material |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN102442431B (en) | 2015-06-03 |
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