CN102440155B - Method for regulating and controlling the blooming period of paphiopedilum - Google Patents
Method for regulating and controlling the blooming period of paphiopedilum Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for regulating and controlling the blooming period of paphiopedilum relates to a method for cultivating and managing paphiopedilum. The method comprises the following steps of changing water and fertilizer condition during cultivation process, promoting maturity of paphiopedilum plants, and applying phosphorus fertilizer or high-potash fertilizer; applying plant growth substance so as to improve resistivity and increase substance accumulation and promote maturity, dormancy, flower bud differentiation, germination and growth respectively; the ratio of N, P and K of the fertilizer is (8 to 12):(25 to 35):(15 to 25), the watering is performed at intervals of 10 days, and the water is manly used for sprinkling leaves. The method has the benefits that after six mouths, the blooming rate exceeds 66%, the problems that the paphiopedilum blooms irregularly, the blooming period is non-uniform, and the blooming rate is low are solved, one of the main problems that restrict the large-scale production of paphiopedilum is overcome, and the large-scale production of ornamental paphiopedilum in the country is promoted effectively. The economic benefit is highlighted, the consistency of blooming periods of batched plants is improved, the requirement of sale busy seasons can be met, the commodity rate of paphiopedilum is improved, and the economic benefit on production of paphiopedilum is improved therewith.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the blue training of pocket tube side method, relate in particular to a kind of pocket orchid period regulation method.
Background technology
The pocket orchid is a world-class flowers famous-object that has ornamental value, also is to cultivate in the world the earliest and one of the most general cattleya.Paphiopedilum (
Paphiopedilum) be subordinate to monoid-2 stamen subfamily the most original in the orchid family (Orchidaceae), English lady ' s slipper by name, be otherwise known as Ba Feier footwear orchid or slippers are blue, are carried out the footwear orchid and renamed as celestial being in Taiwan in 2003.This platymiscium flower shape is peculiar, can educate stamen for 2 pieces and and give birth in the both sides of stamen post, and the back of the body calyx of flower is flourishing especially, is oblateness or reversed cardioid, flower lip likeness in form pocketed, shape like Cupid Venus (
Venas) footwear worn, so the name slippers are blue, pattern is gorgeous, ornamental value is high, and is equally celebrated for their achievements with Bowring cattleya, is one of universal and the most most popular tropical cattleya (Kevin Porter, A new golden age:recent developments in
PaphiopedilumBreeding.The
OrchidReview, 1990,44 (7): 110-124).
Cypripedium is extensively cultivated in all parts of the world.Carry out fairly large suitability for industrialized production but fail to resemble Moth orchid, hybrid cymbidium etc. all the time, analyze its reason mainly aspect two.The production of first seedling is subjected to bigger restriction; Because only minority pocket orchid species can carry out the explant clone beyond the seed so far; Thereby obtain seedling in enormous quantities through propagation; The aseptic seeding (or symbiotic germination) that most kinds can only rely on seed obtains seedling, and germination rate low also be to be difficult to the problem that solves always; Its two be the cultivation and the florescence control problem; To the environment higher requirement; Improved blue difficulty and the cost of producing of some areas pocket; Even the area that relative weather conditions are comparatively suitable; Also exist control flower difficulty bigger; Become the lower problem of strain flowering rate, the blue commodity rate of the pocket of cultivation is low, significantly reduced rate the producer's profit margin.
At present in the production of pocket orchid, mainly with control liquid manure and temperature, to reach the purpose of flower forcing.The method is not only time-consuming, and bigger problem is to be difficult to reach flower forcing effect preferably, and the florescence can not be in full accord, often occur with a collection of seedling, in two batches or more batches bloom, thereby miss problem such as busy season in business.
Owing to have the problems referred to above,, be difficult to expand the scale of production although the pocket orchid receives general liking.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome the deficiency of prior art, meets the need of market, and a kind of pocket orchid period regulation method is provided.This method can increase substantially the blue one-tenth of pocket strain flowering rate, and the florescence is consistent.The plant that the plant suitable size of indication of the present invention is bloomed refers generally to give birth in 2 years the pocket orchid plant of the about 30cm of size (leaf exhibition).
For this reason, a kind of pocket orchid of the present invention period regulation method adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of pocket orchid period regulation method may further comprise the steps:
The water and fertilizer condition of step 1, change cultivation process; Promote the maturation of the blue plant of pocket; Use the high potassic fertilizer of high phosphorus; The N:P:K=(8 of this fertilizer～12): (25～35): (15～25); Effects of Fertilization Frequency is 10～15 days 1 time; Each fertilising concentration is 4000～5000 times of thin ups, and moisture Control is to use once in per 10 days, mainly carries out leaf;
Step 2, use plant growth substance, improve resistance respectively and increase substance accumulation, promote maturation and dormancy, promotion flower bud differentiation, sprouting and growth; Its concrete management process is:
(1) plant that blooms for the plant suitable size is the blue plant of pocket of 2 years about 30cm of leave exhibition size; In step 1; Utilize paclobutrazol to improve pocket blue resistance and organic matter accumulation, paclobutrazol is mixed with the solution of 5～20 mg/litre, and carries out foliage-spray;
(2) after step (1) was handled 60 days, abscisic acid is made into the solution of 5～20 mg/litre, irritate root and handle, to promote maturation and the dormancy of plant;
(3) after step (2) is handled 7～10 days, the mixed solution of preparation Thidiazuron and 6-benzyl aminopurine, concentration is respectively 5～50 mg/litre and 50～200 mg/litre, and sprays in the blue plant of pocket, promotes the differentiation of bud;
(4) after step (3) was handled 20～30 days, gibberellin is mixed with the solution of 300～800 mg/litre, spray in the blue plant of pocket, promote the growth of scape.
Technique scheme is on the basis of repeatedly experiment, to propose.Might as well introduce three experimental example wherein below.
Choose life in 2 years, the pocket orchid species emerald of the plant about 30cm of size (leaf exhibition) (
Paph.Green Horizon) 120 basins; With medium sized blue stone: bark: coconut palm grain (1:1:1) is a cultivation matrix, plants in 3.5 inch basins, pours water weekly once; Per 2～3 days blade face water sprays were once used 4000～5000 times of balance fertilizer (N:P:K=20:20:20) once in per 10～15 days.Experimental period is April in November to next year, and experiment is carried out at the cascade booth, and inside and outside double-deck shading screen shades.
Experimental example one:
Get blue 40 basins of above-mentioned pocket, experiment beginning back is with the high phosphorus of migrating, high potash fertilizer (N:P:K=10:30:20), and Effects of Fertilization Frequency is 10～15 days 1 time, and the concentration of at every turn applying fertilizer is 4000～5000 times, and moisture Control is to use once in per 10 days, mainly carries out leaf.Plant strain growth is normal after 6 months, but none blooms, and flowering rate is 0%.
Experimental example two:
Get blue 30 basins of above-mentioned pocket, experiment beginning back is with the high phosphorus of migrating, high potash fertilizer (N:P:K=10:30:20), and Effects of Fertilization Frequency is 10～15 days 1 time, and the concentration of at every turn applying fertilizer is 4000～5000 times, and moisture Control is to use once in per 10 days, mainly carries out leaf.
Paclobutrazol is mixed with the solution of 10 mg/litre, and carries out foliage-spray, bad like paclobutrazol solution in the tack on blade face, can add 0.5% liquid detergent, require the blade face moistening fully and have drop to drip to get final product;
After 60 days, abscisic acid is made into the solution of 10 mg/litre, irritates root and handle, all soak degree of being with the basin mesostroma;
After 10 days, the mixed solution of preparation Thidiazuron and 6-benzyl aminopurine, concentration is respectively 20 mg/litre and 100 mg/litre, and sprays in the blue plant of pocket, requires the blade face whole moistening and have drop to drip;
After 30 days, gibberellin is mixed with the solution of 500 mg/litre, sprays in the blue plant of pocket.
Plant strain growth is normal after 6 months, and flowering rate is 66.7%, and the individual organ morphology of scape and flower is normal.
Experimental example three:
Get blue 30 basins of above-mentioned pocket, experiment beginning back is with the high phosphorus of migrating, high potash fertilizer (N:P:K=10:30:20), and Effects of Fertilization Frequency is 10～15 days 1 time, and the concentration of at every turn applying fertilizer is 4000～5000 times, and moisture Control is to use once in per 10 days, mainly carries out leaf.
Paclobutrazol is mixed with the solution of 10 mg/litre, and carries out foliage-spray, bad like paclobutrazol solution in the tack on blade face, can add 0.5% liquid detergent, require the blade face moistening fully and have drop to drip to get final product;
After 60 days, abscisic acid and ethrel are made into mixed solution, concentration is respectively 10 mg/litre and 200 mg/litre, irritates root and handles, and all soaks degree of being with the basin mesostroma;
After 10 days, the mixed solution of preparation Thidiazuron and 6-benzyl aminopurine, concentration is respectively 20 mg/litre and 100 mg/litre, and sprays in the blue plant of pocket, requires the blade face whole moistening and have drop to drip;
After 30 days, gibberellin is mixed with the solution of 500 mg/litre, sprays in the blue plant of pocket;
Deformity appearred in the rear section plant in 6 months, put forth but formed blade, did not bloom, and flowering rate is 27.3%, the scape deformity, but colored individual organ morphology is normal.
A kind of pocket orchid of the present invention period regulation method; Its beneficial effect is: one of which, this method are used the high potassic fertilizer of high phosphorus, and control moisture is used plant growth substance to improve resistance, increase substance accumulation, to promote maturation and dormancy, promotion flower bud differentiation, sprouting and growth; After six months; Flowering rate surpasses 66%, solved the pocket orchid bloom irregular, the problem that florescence disunity and flowering rate are low; Thereby overcome one of them subject matter of the blue large-scale production of restriction pocket, with effectively promoting China to view and admire the blue large-scale production of pocket.Its two, this method need not be set up main facilities, operation is prone to row, is convenient to implement, and especially is fit to flower a large amount of a production of various scales.Its three, economic benefit is outstanding, because the florescence control problem solves; Phenomenon with a collection of seedling is bloomed in batches is controlled basically, and plant blossom phase uniformity improves in batch, can catch up with the demand of busy season in business; The blue commodity rate of pocket improves, and produces the blue economic benefit of pocket and improves thereupon.
Embodiment
Below, introduce embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment one
A kind of pocket orchid period regulation method may further comprise the steps:
The water and fertilizer condition of step 1, change cultivation process; Promote the maturation of the blue plant of pocket; Use the high potassic fertilizer of high phosphorus; The N:P:K=8:25:15 of this fertilizer; Effects of Fertilization Frequency is 10～15 days 1 time; Each fertilising concentration is 4000～5000 times of thin ups, and moisture Control is to use once in per 10 days, mainly carries out leaf;
Step 2, use plant growth substance, improve resistance respectively and increase substance accumulation, promote maturation and dormancy, promotion flower bud differentiation, sprouting and growth; Its concrete management process is:
(1) plant that blooms for the plant suitable size is the blue plant of pocket of 2 years about 30cm of leave exhibition size; In step 1; Utilize paclobutrazol to improve pocket blue resistance and organic matter accumulation, paclobutrazol is mixed with the solution of 5 mg/litre, and carries out foliage-spray; Bad like paclobutrazol solution in the tack on blade face, can add 0.5% liquid detergent, require the blade face moistening fully and have drop to drip to get final product;
(2) after step (1) was handled 60 days, abscisic acid is made into the solution of 5 mg/litre, irritate root and handle, all soak degree of being with the basin mesostroma, with maturation and the dormancy of promotion plant;
(3) after step (2) was handled 7～10 days, the mixed solution of preparation Thidiazuron and 6-benzyl aminopurine, concentration is respectively 5 mg/litre and 50 mg/litre, and sprays in the blue plant of pocket, requires the blade face all moistening and have drop to drip, with the differentiation of promotion bud;
(4) after step (3) was handled 20～30 days, gibberellin is mixed with the solution of 300 mg/litre, spray in the blue plant of pocket, promote the growth of scape.
Embodiment two
A kind of pocket orchid period regulation method may further comprise the steps:
The water and fertilizer condition of step 1, change cultivation process; Promote the maturation of the blue plant of pocket; Use the high potassic fertilizer of high phosphorus; The N:P:K=10:30:20 of this fertilizer; Effects of Fertilization Frequency is 10～15 days 1 time; Each fertilising concentration is 4000～5000 times of thin ups, and moisture Control is to use once in per 10 days, mainly carries out leaf;
Step 2, use plant growth substance, improve resistance respectively and increase substance accumulation, promote maturation and dormancy, promotion flower bud differentiation, sprouting and growth; Its concrete management process is:
(1) plant that blooms for the plant suitable size is the blue plant of pocket of 2 years about 30cm of leave exhibition size; In step 1; Utilize paclobutrazol to improve pocket blue resistance and organic matter accumulation, paclobutrazol is mixed with the solution of 12 mg/litre, and carries out foliage-spray; Bad like paclobutrazol solution in the tack on blade face, can add 0.5% liquid detergent, require the blade face moistening fully and have drop to drip to get final product;
(2) after step (1) was handled 60 days, abscisic acid is made into the solution of 12 mg/litre, irritate root and handle, all soak degree of being with the basin mesostroma, with maturation and the dormancy of promotion plant;
(3) after step (2) is handled 7～10 days; The mixed solution of preparation Thidiazuron and 6-benzyl aminopurine, concentration is respectively 25 mg/litre and 120 mg/litre, and sprays in the blue plant of pocket; The requirement blade face is all moistening and have drop to drip, to promote the differentiation of bud;
(4) after step (3) was handled 20～30 days, gibberellin is mixed with the solution of 500 mg/litre, spray in the blue plant of pocket, promote the growth of scape.
Embodiment three
A kind of pocket orchid period regulation method may further comprise the steps:
The water and fertilizer condition of step 1, change cultivation process; Promote the maturation of the blue plant of pocket; Use the high potassic fertilizer of high phosphorus; The N:P:K=12:35:25 of this fertilizer; Effects of Fertilization Frequency is 10～15 days 1 time; Each fertilising concentration is 4000～5000 times of thin ups, and moisture Control is to use once in per 10 days, mainly carries out leaf;
Step 2, use plant growth substance, improve resistance respectively and increase substance accumulation, promote maturation and dormancy, promotion flower bud differentiation, sprouting and growth; Its concrete management process is:
(1) plant that blooms for the plant suitable size is the blue plant of pocket of 2 years about 30cm of leave exhibition size; In step 1; Utilize paclobutrazol to improve pocket blue resistance and organic matter accumulation, paclobutrazol is mixed with the solution of 20 mg/litre, and carries out foliage-spray; Bad like paclobutrazol solution in the tack on blade face, can add 0.5% liquid detergent, require the blade face moistening fully and have drop to drip to get final product;
(2) after step (1) was handled 60 days, abscisic acid is made into the solution of 20 mg/litre, irritate root and handle, all soak degree of being with the basin mesostroma, with maturation and the dormancy of promotion plant;
(3) after step (2) is handled 7～10 days; The mixed solution of preparation Thidiazuron and 6-benzyl aminopurine, concentration is respectively 50 mg/litre and 200 mg/litre, and sprays in the blue plant of pocket; The requirement blade face is all moistening and have drop to drip, to promote the differentiation of bud;
(4) after step (3) was handled 20～30 days, gibberellin is mixed with the solution of 800 mg/litre, spray in the blue plant of pocket, promote the growth of scape.
Embodiment four
A kind of pocket orchid period regulation method may further comprise the steps:
The water and fertilizer condition of step 1, change cultivation process; Promote the maturation of the blue plant of pocket; Use the high potassic fertilizer of high phosphorus; The N:P:K=8:35:25 of this fertilizer; Effects of Fertilization Frequency is 10～15 days 1 time; Each fertilising concentration is 4000～5000 times of thin ups, and moisture Control is to use once in per 10 days, mainly carries out leaf;
Step 2, use plant growth substance, improve resistance respectively and increase substance accumulation, promote maturation and dormancy, promotion flower bud differentiation, sprouting and growth; Its concrete management process is:
(1) plant that blooms for the plant suitable size is the blue plant of pocket of 2 years about 30cm of leave exhibition size; In step 1; Utilize paclobutrazol to improve pocket blue resistance and organic matter accumulation, paclobutrazol is mixed with the solution of 12 mg/litre, and carries out foliage-spray; Bad like paclobutrazol solution in the tack on blade face, can add 0.5% liquid detergent, require the blade face moistening fully and have drop to drip to get final product;
(2) after step (1) was handled 60 days, abscisic acid is made into the solution of 12 mg/litre, irritate root and handle, all soak degree of being with the basin mesostroma, with maturation and the dormancy of promotion plant;
(3) after step (2) is handled 7～10 days; The mixed solution of preparation Thidiazuron and 6-benzyl aminopurine, concentration is respectively 25 mg/litre and 120 mg/litre, and sprays in the blue plant of pocket; The requirement blade face is all moistening and have drop to drip, to promote the differentiation of bud;
(4) after step (3) was handled 20～30 days, gibberellin is mixed with the solution of 500 mg/litre, spray in the blue plant of pocket, promote the growth of scape.
Embodiment five
A kind of pocket orchid period regulation method may further comprise the steps:
The water and fertilizer condition of step 1, change cultivation process; Promote the maturation of the blue plant of pocket; Use the high potassic fertilizer of high phosphorus; The N:P:K=12:25:15 of this fertilizer; Effects of Fertilization Frequency is 10～15 days 1 time; Each fertilising concentration is 4000～5000 times of thin ups, and moisture Control is to use once in per 10 days, mainly carries out leaf;
Step 2, use plant growth substance, improve resistance respectively and increase substance accumulation, promote maturation and dormancy, promotion flower bud differentiation, sprouting and growth; Its concrete management process is:
(1) plant that blooms for the plant suitable size is the blue plant of pocket of 2 years about 30cm of leave exhibition size; In step 1; Utilize paclobutrazol to improve pocket blue resistance and organic matter accumulation, paclobutrazol is mixed with the solution of 12 mg/litre, and carries out foliage-spray; Bad like paclobutrazol solution in the tack on blade face, can add 0.5% liquid detergent, require the blade face moistening fully and have drop to drip to get final product;
(2) after step (1) was handled 60 days, abscisic acid is made into the solution of 12 mg/litre, irritate root and handle, all soak degree of being with the basin mesostroma, with maturation and the dormancy of promotion plant;
(3) after step (2) is handled 7～10 days; The mixed solution of preparation Thidiazuron and 6-benzyl aminopurine, concentration is respectively 25 mg/litre and 120 mg/litre, and sprays in the blue plant of pocket; The requirement blade face is all moistening and have drop to drip, to promote the differentiation of bud;
(4) after step (3) was handled 20～30 days, gibberellin is mixed with the solution of 500 mg/litre, spray in the blue plant of pocket, promote the growth of scape.
Said paclobutrazol (PP
333, Paclobutrazol), chemical name be (2RS, 3RS)-1-(4-chlorphenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) penta-3-alcohol.
Said abscisic acid (abscisic acid, ABA), chemical name is the 2-cis, 4-is trans-5-(1-hydroxyl-4-oxo-2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexene-1-yl)-3-methyl-2,4-the eleventh of the twelve Earthly Branches dienoic acid.
(thidiazuron, TDZ), chemical name is 1-phenyl-3-(1,2,3-thiadiazoles-5-yl) urea to said Thidiazuron.
Said gibberellin (gibberellic acid GA
3), chemical name is 2,4 α, 7-trihydroxy-1-methyl-8-methylene red mould-3-alkene-1,10-dicarboxylic acids-1,4 α-lactone.
Claims (1)
1. a pocket orchid period regulation method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
The water and fertilizer condition of step 1, change cultivation process; Promote the maturation of the blue plant of pocket; Use the high potassic fertilizer of high phosphorus; The N:P:K=(8 of this fertilizer～12): (25～35): (15～25); Effects of Fertilization Frequency is 10～15 days 1 time; Each fertilising concentration is 4000～5000 times of thin ups, and moisture Control is to use once in per 10 days, mainly carries out leaf;
Step 2, use plant growth substance, improve resistance respectively and increase substance accumulation, promote maturation and dormancy, promotion flower bud differentiation, sprouting and growth; Its concrete management process is:
(1) plant that blooms for the plant suitable size is the blue plant of pocket of 2 years about 30cm of leave exhibition size; In step 1; Utilize paclobutrazol to improve pocket blue resistance and organic matter accumulation, paclobutrazol is mixed with the solution of 5～20 mg/litre, and carries out foliage-spray;
(2) after step (1) was handled 60 days, abscisic acid is made into the solution of 5～20 mg/litre, irritate root and handle, to promote maturation and the dormancy of plant;
(3) after step (2) is handled 7～10 days, the mixed solution of preparation Thidiazuron and 6-benzyl aminopurine, concentration is respectively 5～50 mg/litre and 50～200 mg/litre, and sprays in the blue plant of pocket, promotes the differentiation of bud;
(4) after step (3) was handled 20～30 days, gibberellin is mixed with the solution of 300～800 mg/litre, spray in the blue plant of pocket, promote the growth of scape.
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| 张永柏.文心兰的花期调控.《中国园艺学会第十届会员***暨学术研讨会》.2005,第640-644页. |
| 文心兰的花期调控;张永柏;《中国园艺学会第十届会员***暨学术研讨会》;20051130;第640-644页 * |
| 赵良福等.野生兜兰栽培管理技术.《现代农业科技》.第199页,2009,(第15期), |
| 野生兜兰栽培管理技术;赵良福等;《现代农业科技》;第199页;20091231(第15期);第199页 * |
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