CN102440117B - All-purpose compact type header of corn harvester - Google Patents

All-purpose compact type header of corn harvester Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102440117B
CN102440117B CN 201110294475 CN201110294475A CN102440117B CN 102440117 B CN102440117 B CN 102440117B CN 201110294475 CN201110294475 CN 201110294475 CN 201110294475 A CN201110294475 A CN 201110294475A CN 102440117 B CN102440117 B CN 102440117B
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China
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corn
snapping bar
supporting chain
compact type
harvesting
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN 201110294475
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CN102440117A (en
Inventor
李其昀
任延昭
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Shandong University of Technology
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Shandong University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to an all-purpose compact type header of a corn harvester. The all-purpose compact type header comprises a compact type gain lifting system, an ear picking system, a feeding system of haulm shredding equipment, and a replaceable ear delivery device. Compared with the prior art, the all-purpose compact type header has the advantages of good haulm lodge resistant performance, low ear picking points, high working efficiency and low ear damage rate, can be used between a self-propelled corn harvester and a suspension type corn harvester, improves the benefit on using machines for harvesting corn, and reduces the social cost on using machines for harvesting corn.

Description

A kind of all-purpose compact type header of corn harvester
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of corn high speed harvesting apparatus, especially relate to a kind of compact conformation,, high speed harvesting corn stronger to falling corn adaptability and can be between self-propelled corn harvester and suspended type maize harvester general compact corn cutting bench for harvesting.
Background technology
the ceding of Taiwan of general maize harvesting machine is due to the structural limitations of harvesting unit, make the harvesting speed of existing reaping machine general lower and relatively poor to the working environment adaptation of maize straw appearance lodging, also there is in the course of the work the more high defective of fruit ear damage ratio, and corn harvesting bench and corn stem mincing and returning to the field device independently use separately, shredding mechanism adopts independent intake mechanism, not only make the shredding mechanism complex structure, service behaviour is unstable, be prone to that the stem stalk blocks and tire rolls stalk that stalk causes and can't pick up and pulverized and field-returning machine is beaten soil seriously work consuming is large, the problems such as breaks down is fast, ceding of Taiwan weight is increased, installation volume is larger, not only affect the stability of harvest machinery, more make in the carried out harvest corn job time limit system minimum operation height of the ceding of Taiwan and the adjusting range of stubble height.
Existing various suspended type maize harvesters and the ceding of Taiwan of self-propelled corn harvester due to the devices such as interface of ear collector different make the corn harvester of two types can't be general, improve corn harvester production maintenance cost, reduced maintenance efficiency.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of compact, adopt corn picker unit and the design of chopping unit combination, can realize corn high speed harvesting, also field operation of straw chopping, the fruit ear damage ratio is low, lodging resistance good, and is easy to the all-purpose compact type header of corn harvester that fitting operation is safeguarded.(please write out topmost goal of the invention)
for achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of all-purpose compact type header of corn harvester, comprise that corn picking platform and corn stem shred the unit, described corn picking platform is equipped with grain lifter, ear-picking unit, spike collecting conveying plant and harvesting transmission device, described corn stem chopping unit is provided with fixing corn stem slideway and stalk chopper, described corn picking platform and corn stem chopping unit seam become an all-purpose compact type header of corn harvester, described all-purpose compact type header of corn harvester and tractor or the place ahead, self-propelled combine chassis are hinged.
Described grain lifter is provided with seeding supporting chain, seeding supporting chain wheel and the worm and gear speed change system with moving tooth, worm screw is connected with snapping bar is anterior, worm-wheel shaft is connected with the seeding supporting chain wheel by the pair of straight gear, seeding supporting chain wheel drive seeding supporting chain, and the seeding supporting chain front end is apart from ground 50-300mm.
Described seeding supporting chain and worm and gear speed change system can be according to different moving tooth spacings and the supporting replacings of different drive ratios, snapping bar in the time of 1000-1500 rev/min, the moving tooth feeding speed the 150-830 strain/minute between change.
Described ear-picking unit is provided with a pair of snapping bar, a pair of snapping bar axis becomes 1-10 ° of angle, opened to head by afterbody, a pair of snapping bar angle adjusting range between circle center line connecting and horizontal line in same plane is 40-75 °, and the snapping bar that is positioned at spike collecting slideway one side is positioned at the below of another root snapping bar.
described snapping bar is by lead segment, the harvesting section, the pressure stem pulling section forms, lead segment length is 40-60mm, this section snapping bar diameter is extremely consistent with worm screw case external diameter by harvesting section diameter transition, the harvesting section is the 3-4 head thread, pitch 50-60mm, the high 6-15mm of screw thread, establish a harvesting hook along the every 50-60mm of diameter of axle direction, harvesting hook number is identical with number of starts and the edge is circumferentially uniform along circumferentially arranging at this place, this segment length is 300-45 0mm, force stem pulling section surface seam that the stem pulling muscle that is parallel to the diameter of axle is arranged, quantity is 3 ~ 8, along circumferentially uniform, this segment length is 50-200mm, the snapping bar rear portion is connected with the harvesting transmission device.
Described spike collecting conveying plant is made of fruit ear slideway, screw feeder conveying plant and rear board.
when can using the suspension type body according to the ceding of Taiwan, uses by described screw feeder conveying plant No. 1 screw feeder, use No. 2 screw feeders when using self-propelled body, the fruit cluster throwing plate of No. 1 screw feeder is in the right part, surface blade rotation direction is consistent, fruit ear is carried to fruit cluster throwing plate direction, the fruit cluster throwing plate of No. 2 screw feeders is in the stage casing, fruit cluster throwing plate both sides blade rotation direction is opposite, fruit ear is carried to fruit cluster throwing plate direction, described rear board is provided with two and throws mouth, the position fruit cluster throwing Board position with No. 1 screw feeder and No. 2 screw feeders respectively is corresponding, throw a mouthful edge and be provided with screwed hole, can adopt the no mouth that throws of known mode shutoff during the different screw feeder of adapted.
Described corn stem slideway upper end extends to the snapping bar afterbody, and the lower end ends in the stationary knife working edge.
Described shredding mechanism is provided with moving knife and stationary knife, and the stationary knife position is adjustable, and moving knife is rotor hob, and every group has the 3-6 blade.
The present invention is owing to taking above technical scheme, and it has the following advantages:
1. be provided with grain lifter due to the harvesting unit, grain lifter is provided with seeding supporting chain, seeding supporting chain wheel and the worm and gear speed change system with moving tooth, worm screw is connected with snapping bar is anterior, worm-wheel shaft is connected with the seeding supporting chain wheel by the pair of straight gear, seeding supporting chain wheel drive seeding supporting chain, the seeding supporting chain front end is apart from ground 150-300mm, makes this type can effectively overcome the harvesting problem of stem stalk lodging height more than 150-300mm, and the machine when especially reducing corn and the large tracts of land lodging occurring is received percent of loss.
2. can be according to different moving tooth spacings and the supporting replacing of different drive ratios due to seeding supporting chain and worm and gear speed change system, snapping bar is in the time of 1000-1500 rev/min, the moving tooth feeding speed the 150-830 strain/minute between change, the ear-picking unit that uses is provided with a pair of snapping bar, a pair of snapping bar axis is 1-2 ° of angle, opened to head by afterbody, a pair of snapping bar angle adjusting range between circle center line connecting and horizontal line in same plane is 40-75 °, and the snapping bar that is positioned at spike collecting slideway one side is positioned at the below of another root snapping bar, and this snapping bar makes described type by lead segment, the harvesting section, the pressure stem pulling section forms, lead segment length is 20-60mm, this section snapping bar diameter is extremely consistent with worm screw case external diameter by harvesting section diameter transition, the harvesting section is the 3-4 head thread, pitch 50-60mm, the high 6-15mm of screw thread, establish a harvesting hook along the every 50-60mm of diameter of axle direction, harvesting hook number is identical with number of starts and the edge is circumferentially uniform along circumferentially arranging at this place, this segment length is 300-450mm, force stem pulling section surface seam that the stem pulling muscle that is parallel to the diameter of axle is arranged, quantity is 3 ~ 8, along circumferentially uniform, this segment length is 50-200mm, make the ear-picking unit of this type can realize harvesting task under high rotating speed, what occur during harvesting when using the snapping bar of said structure can effectively solve the operation of snapping bar high speed gnaws fringe, sting the problems such as fringe, make the high speed machine receipts damage ratio of fruit ear lower, in conjunction with supporting grain lifter, can realize the high speed of corn, efficiently, low damage harvesting.
due to the spike collecting conveying plant by the fruit ear slideway, screw feeder conveying plant and rear board consist of, when can using the suspension type body according to the ceding of Taiwan, uses by the screw feeder conveying plant No. 1 screw feeder, use No. 2 screw feeders when using self-propelled body, the fruit cluster throwing plate of No. 1 screw feeder is in the right part, surface blade rotation direction is consistent, fruit ear is carried to fruit cluster throwing plate direction, the fruit cluster throwing plate of No. 2 screw feeders is in the stage casing, fruit cluster throwing plate both sides blade rotation direction is opposite, fruit ear is carried to fruit cluster throwing plate direction, described rear board is provided with two and throws mouth, the position fruit cluster throwing Board position with No. 1 screw feeder and No. 2 screw feeders respectively is corresponding, throw a mouthful edge and be provided with screwed hole, can adopt the no mouth that throws of known mode shutoff during the different screw feeder of adapted, make this ceding of Taiwan can be according to operating position (carrier, environment) difference, only do to adjust among a small circle and can change the outfit.
4. become an all-purpose compact type header of corn harvester due to corn picking platform and straw chopping unit seam, make ear-snapping unit and the acting in conjunction of maize straw slideway, feeding unit as stalk chopper, make this ceding of Taiwan structure compacter on the one hand, can reduce the requirement to corn knob fringe height, increase the scope of application, make on the other hand the ceding of Taiwan simple and reliable for structure, by the pressure stem pulling of snapping bar, can solve the problem of blocking up by results excessive velocities, planting density strengthen suddenly, the various burst complicated states such as stem stalk lodging cause.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the general compact type ceding of Taiwan.
Fig. 2 is that Fig. 1 removes A after covering to view.
Fig. 3 is that the B of Fig. 1 is to view.
Fig. 4 is harvesting cellular construction figure.
Fig. 5 is that the A of Fig. 4 is to view.
Fig. 6 is the snapping bar structure chart.
Fig. 7 is the combination schematic diagram of screw feeder and rear board.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of shredding mechanism.
1, corn picking platform, 2, corn stem chopping unit, 3, the spike collecting conveying plant, 4, ear-picking unit, 5, worm-wheel shaft, 6, grain lifter, 7, frame, 8, seeding supporting chain, 9, the seeding supporting chain wheel, 10, spur gear, 11, the mobile-bearing seat, 12, the worm and gear speed change system, 13, snapping bar, 14, the corn stem slideway, 15, the spike collecting slideway, 16, No. 1 screw feeder, 17, rear board, 18, stalk chopper, 19, the snapping bar transmission system, 20, worm screw, 21, No. 2 screw feeders, 22, the shredding mechanism support, 23, stationary knife, 24, moving knife, 25, hob head, 26, cutter shaft, 27, the stationary knife seat, 28, adjusting bolt.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
as Fig. 1, 2, shown in 3, the present invention includes a kind of all-purpose compact type header of corn harvester, comprise that corn picking platform (1) and corn stem shred unit (2), corn picking platform (1) is equipped with grain lifter (6), ear-picking unit (4), spike collecting conveying plant (3) and harvesting transmission device (15), corn stem chopping unit (2) is provided with fixing corn stem slideway (6) and stalk chopper (18), corn picking platform (1) and corn stem chopping unit (2) seam become an all-purpose compact type header of corn harvester, this all-purpose compact type header of corn harvester and harvest corn body the place ahead are hinged.Grain lifter is provided with seeding supporting chain (8), seeding supporting chain wheel (9) and the worm and gear speed change system (12) with moving tooth, worm screw (20) is connected with snapping bar (13) head, worm-wheel shaft (5) is connected with seeding supporting chain wheel (9) by pair of straight gear (10), and seeding supporting chain wheel (9) drives seeding supporting chain (8).Different moving tooth spacing seeding supporting chains (8) and the worm and gear speed change system (12) of different drive ratios can supportingly be changed, snapping bar (13) in the time of 1000-1500 rev/min, the moving tooth feeding speed the 150-830 strain/minute between change.
As shown in Fig. 4,5, every pair of snapping bar (13) axis becomes 1-10 ° of angle, opened to head by afterbody, this angle can be regulated by the adjusting bolt of regulating on mobile-bearing seat (11), a pair of snapping bar (13) angle between circle center line connecting and horizontal line in same plane is 40-75 °, and the snapping bar (13) that is positioned at spike collecting slideway (3) one sides is positioned at the below that connects a snapping bar (13).snapping bar (13) is by lead segment, the harvesting section, force the towing section to form, lead segment length is 40-60mm, this section snapping bar diameter is extremely consistent with worm screw case external diameter by harvesting section diameter transition, the harvesting section is the 3-4 head thread, pitch 50-60mm, the high 6-15mm of screw thread, establish a harvesting hook along the every 50-60mm of diameter of axle direction, harvesting hook number is identical with number of starts and the edge is circumferentially uniform along circumferentially arranging at this place, the harvesting segment length is 300-450mm, force the seam of towing section surface that the towing muscle that is parallel to the diameter of axle is arranged, quantity is 3 ~ 8, along circumferentially uniform, this segment length is 50-200mm, snapping bar (13) head adopts pin or other known modes to be connected with worm screw, afterbody adopts pin or other known modes to be connected with snapping bar transmission system (19).
as Fig. 1, 2, 3, shown in 7, the spike collecting conveying plant is by fruit ear slideway (15), screw feeder conveying plant (16) and rear board consist of (17), use No. 1 screw feeder (16) in the time of can using the suspension type body according to the ceding of Taiwan, use No. 2 screw feeders (21) when using self-propelled body, the fruit cluster throwing plate of No. 1 screw feeder (16) is in the right part, surface blade rotation direction is consistent, fruit ear is carried to fruit cluster throwing plate direction, the fruit cluster throwing plate of No. 2 screw feeders (21) is in the stage casing, fruit cluster throwing plate both sides blade rotation direction is opposite, fruit ear is carried to fruit cluster throwing plate direction, described rear board (17) is provided with two and throws mouth, the position fruit cluster throwing Board position with No. 1 screw feeder (16) and No. 2 screw feeders (21) respectively is corresponding, throw a mouthful edge and be provided with screwed hole, can adopt the no mouth that throws of known mode shutoff during the different screw feeder of adapted.
As shown in Figure 8: described stalk chopper (18) is provided with moving knife (24) and stationary knife (23), stationary knife (23) can make stationary knife move along installed surface by regulating adjusting bolt (28), to satisfy under different chopping conditions the requirement in moving knife and stationary knife gap and the foot gap of wearing and tearing and causing due to moving knife (24) and stationary knife (23) more, moving knife (24) is rotor hob, and every group has 3-6 moving knife (24);
Adopt above device, during all-purpose compact type header of corn harvester work, corn stem is by the effect of rice-pulling chain (8), enter, pass through successively the lead segment of snapping bar (13), enter the snapping bar harvesting, then via forcing stem pulling section fast the stem stalk to be sent into corn stem slideway (14), and the feeding stalk chopper (18) shred operation, fruit ear enters ear collector (3).In this process, seeding supporting chain (8) can be brought into play the lower advantage of pickup point, the stalk that to a certain degree lodges is gathered in the crops, can regulate according to the upgrowth situation of corn stem in concrete operating environment the angle of every pair of snapping bar (13), prevent from causing because the gap is too small and block up, in corn-cob picking procedure, owing to adopting above-mentioned snapping bar (13) structure, even carry out the high speed ear harvesting operation, also can guarantee lower fruit ear damage ratio.Snapping bar (13) and corn stem slideway (14) form the driving feed-in system of corn stem shredding mechanism (18) jointly, the problem of blocking up that device is too complicated and various complicated factors cause of having avoided adopting independent feeding system to cause improves the stability that feeds efficient and service behaviour.Wear and tear very fast because special working environment causes the moving knife (24) of stalk chopper (18) and stationary knife (23), for improving stock utilization, cutting quality, it is adjustable that stationary knife (23) is designed to the position, can in time adjust moving knife (24) and stationary knife (23) gap by this design.Can by to the screw feeder of all-purpose compact type header of corn harvester, rear board (17) throw mouthful and other known parts carry out quick-replaceable, realize articulating different carriers.

Claims (6)

1. all-purpose compact type header of corn harvester, comprise that corn picking platform (1) and corn stem shred unit (2), described corn picking platform (1) is equipped with grain lifter (6), ear-picking unit (4), spike collecting conveying plant (3) and harvesting transmission system (19), described corn stem chopping unit (2) is provided with fixing corn stem slideway (14) and stalk chopper (18), it is characterized in that: described corn picking platform (1) and corn stem chopping unit (2) seam become an all-purpose compact type header of corn harvester, described grain lifter (6) is provided with seeding supporting chain (8), seeding supporting chain wheel (9) and the worm and gear speed change system (12) with moving tooth, worm screw (20) is connected with snapping bar (13) head, worm-wheel shaft (5) is connected with seeding supporting chain wheel (9) by pair of straight gear (10), and seeding supporting chain wheel (9) drives seeding supporting chain (8), the seeding supporting chain (8) of different moving tooth spacings and the worm and gear speed change system (12) of different drive ratios can supportingly be changed, to adapt to different corn planting density and harvest operation machine different work speed, described all-purpose compact type header of corn harvester is made of the driving feed-in system of corn stem shredding mechanism jointly snapping bar and corn stem slideway, snapping bar (13) is by lead segment, the harvesting section, force the towing section to form, lead segment length is 40-60mm, this section snapping bar (13) diameter is extremely consistent with worm screw case external diameter by harvesting section diameter transition, the harvesting section is the 3-4 head thread, pitch 50-60mm, the high 6-15mm of screw thread, in axial direction every 50-60mm establishes a harvesting hook, harvesting hook number is identical with number of starts and the edge is circumferentially uniform along circumferentially arranging at this place, this segment length is 300-450mm, force the seam of towing section surface to have and be parallel to axial towing muscle, quantity is 3-8, along circumferentially uniform, this segment length is 50-200mm, snapping bar (13) afterbody is connected with harvesting transmission system (19), snapping bar (13) axis becomes 1-10 ° of angle, opened to head by afterbody, plane, axial connecting line place and the angle adjusting range between horizontal plane of a pair of snapping bar are 40~75 °, and the snapping bar (13) that is positioned at spike collecting slideway (15) one sides is positioned at the below of another root snapping bar (13), stalk chopper (18) is provided with moving knife (24) and stationary knife (23), stationary knife (23) position is adjustable, described all-purpose compact type header of corn harvester can be hinged with tractor and self-propelled corn combine harvester front portion respectively.
2. all-purpose compact type header of corn harvester as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described grain lifter (6) is provided with seeding supporting chain (8), seeding supporting chain wheel (9) and the worm and gear speed change system (12) with moving tooth, worm screw (20) is connected with snapping bar (13) head, worm-wheel shaft (5) is connected with seeding supporting chain wheel (9) by pair of straight gear (10), seeding supporting chain wheel (9) drives seeding supporting chain (8), and the seeding supporting chain front end is apart from ground 50-300mm.
3. all-purpose compact type header of corn harvester as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the seeding supporting chain (8) of different moving tooth spacings and the worm and gear speed change system (12) of different drive ratios can supportingly be changed, snapping bar (13) is in the time of 1000-1500 rev/min, and the moving tooth feeding speed changes in 150-830 strain/minute intersection.
4. all-purpose compact type header of corn harvester as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described spike collecting conveying plant (3) is made of spike collecting slideway (15), No. 1 screw feeder (16) or No. 2 screw feeder (21) conveying plants and rear board (17).
5. all-purpose compact type header of corn harvester as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: use No. 1 screw feeder (16) in the time of can using the suspension type body according to the ceding of Taiwan, use No. 2 screw feeders (21) when using self-propelled body, the fruit cluster throwing plate of No. 1 screw feeder (16) is in the right part, surface blade rotation direction is consistent, fruit ear is carried to fruit cluster throwing plate direction, the fruit cluster throwing plate of No. 2 screw feeders (21) is in the stage casing, fruit cluster throwing plate both sides blade rotation direction is opposite, fruit ear is carried to fruit cluster throwing plate direction, described rear board (17) is provided with two and throws mouth, the position fruit cluster throwing Board position with No. 1 screw feeder (16) and No. 2 screw feeders (21) respectively is corresponding, throw a mouthful edge and be provided with screwed hole, can adopt the no mouth that throws of known mode shutoff during the different screw feeder of adapted.
6. all-purpose compact type header of corn harvester as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described stalk chopper (18) is provided with moving knife (24) and stationary knife (23), stationary knife (23) position is adjustable, moving knife (24) is hobboing cutter, be fixed on hob head (25), every group has 3-6 knife section, the cutter shaft (26) of this stalk chopper (18) can be the single shaft monomer-type, adopt universal joint or other known mode transmissions between monomer, can be also the axis integral type, all monomers adopt an axis.
CN 201110294475 2011-09-27 2011-09-27 All-purpose compact type header of corn harvester Expired - Fee Related CN102440117B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103843532B (en) * 2014-02-28 2016-02-17 陈永政 A kind of corn harvester
US9913430B2 (en) * 2014-09-15 2018-03-13 Cnh Industrial America Llc Power takeoff drive assembly for a corn header of an agricultural harvester
CN105594375B (en) * 2016-02-28 2018-01-02 山东理工大学 One kind helps standing grain to cut stem and breaks fringe fringe and stalk harvesting type header
CN106612934B (en) * 2016-12-28 2023-05-12 太原宏誉智控科技有限公司 P-type differential corn harvester header with both ears and stems
CN109220177A (en) * 2018-11-12 2019-01-18 南京申发冶金机械制造有限公司 The straw chopping apparatus and maize harvesting machine of ear picking bench of corn harvester

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CN2270351Y (en) * 1996-12-17 1997-12-17 宝鸡市农机技术管理推广站 Small corn combine-harvester
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CN101080976A (en) * 2007-07-10 2007-12-05 山东理工大学 Corn wheat combine
CN101438655A (en) * 2008-12-22 2009-05-27 张建忠 Screw type picking roll of maize harvesting machine

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CN2270351Y (en) * 1996-12-17 1997-12-17 宝鸡市农机技术管理推广站 Small corn combine-harvester
CN2547109Y (en) * 2002-04-29 2003-04-30 谢子义 Ear-stripping cutting-table of maize harvester
CN101080976A (en) * 2007-07-10 2007-12-05 山东理工大学 Corn wheat combine
CN101438655A (en) * 2008-12-22 2009-05-27 张建忠 Screw type picking roll of maize harvesting machine

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