Pulse power supply control system and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pulse power supplies, in particular to a pulse power supply control system and method.
Background
The pulse (peak value) power supply includes single positive pulse, double positive and negative pulse power supply, and adopts unique modulation technology and digital control. The positive pulse on-width (T +) and the negative pulse on-time width (T-) are separately adjustable over the full period. The positive current, the voltage regulation, the negative current and the voltage can be independently regulated. Can meet different requirements of customers. The coating is suitable for gold plating, silver plating, nickel plating, tin plating and the like, and can obviously improve the performance of the coating; when used for protective-decorative electroplating (such as decorative gold), the plating layer has uniform color, good brightness and strong corrosion resistance. In particular, the concentration of metal ions on the surface of the cathode is quickly increased by the anodic dissolution of the reverse pulse of the double-pulse power supply, which is beneficial to the use of high pulse current density in the subsequent cathode period, so that the coating is compact and bright and has low porosity; the anode stripping of the reverse pulse of the double-pulse power supply greatly reduces the entrapment of organic impurities (containing brightener) in the plating layer, so that the plating layer has high purity and strong tarnish resistance. The double-pulse power supply is a novel power supply, and the application field of the switching power supply is wider due to reasonable processing of high-frequency pulses and low-frequency pulses.
In the pulse electroplating process of the pulse power supply, when the current is conducted, the pulse current is several times or even dozens of times of the common direct current, and the instantaneous high current density enables metal ions to be reduced under extremely high overpotential, so that deposited layer grains are thinned; when the current is cut off, the discharge ions near the cathode region are restored to the initial concentration again, the concentration polarization is eliminated, high pulse (peak value) current density is continuously used in the next pulse period, and meanwhile, the phenomena of recrystallization, adsorption and desorption and the like which are favorable for a deposition layer are accompanied in the cut-off period. Such a process is synchronized throughout the entire electroplating process, and the mechanisms involved therein constitute the most fundamental principles of pulse plating. Practice proves that the pulse power supply has incomparable advantages over the traditional direct current plating in the aspects of refining crystallization, improving physical and chemical properties of a plating layer, saving precious metals and the like.
Firstly, the primary energy source has enough energy through slow energy storage; the energy is then charged (or streamed in) to the intermediate energy storage and pulse shaping system, and after some complex processes of storage, compression, pulse formation or conversion, the energy is finally rapidly discharged to the load.
The research directions of the pulse power supply mainly include:
increasing pulse repetition frequency. By increasing the repetition frequency of the pulse, the average power of the pulse power supply is increased, the size of the power supply is reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Secondly, the efficiency of the power supply is improved, and the self energy consumption of the power supply is reduced.
And the reliability of the power supply system is improved, and the pulse discharge heat generation and the high-frequency electromagnetic interference cause serious influence on the reliability of the system.
In view of the above 3 rd research direction, the applicant finds that, in the actual working process, the conventional pulse power supply is operated in a constant voltage state or an average value constant current state, and in this working mode, the change of the load condition causes the change of the pulse peak current, thereby affecting the processing quality of the processed workpiece.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a pulse power supply control system and method, which improve the reliability of a power supply system by stabilizing the output of a pulse power supply.
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a pulsed power supply control system comprising: the pull-up comparator is used for comparing the current to be regulated of the pulse power supply with an external set current; a sample/holder which takes a comparison signal output by the pull-up comparator as an input source and carries out peak value sampling or peak value holding on pulse current under the control of sampling pulses; and the control output device is connected with the output of the sampling/holding device and realizes constant current control on the pulse current under the control of the output of the sampling/holding device.
Preferably, the system further comprises an amplifier for amplifying the current to be regulated of the pulsed power supply, the output of the amplifier being the input of the pull-up comparator.
Preferably, the system further comprises a display controller, wherein the display controller takes the output of the amplifier as input under the control of the sampling pulse, and outputs and displays the output after constant current control.
Preferably, the system further comprises a current-limiting filter circuit, and the comparison signal output by the comparator is processed by the current-limiting filter circuit and then is connected to the input end of the sample/holder.
Preferably, the system further comprises a bleeding comparator for discharging a filter capacitor of the current-limiting filter circuit under the control of the sampling pulse.
Preferably, the system further comprises a comparison controller which controls the start of the pull-up comparator or the bleed-off comparator by comparing the sampling pulse with an external set current.
A pulse power supply control method comprises the following steps: comparing the current to be adjusted of the pulse power supply with an external set current through a pull-up comparator; taking a comparison signal output by the pull-up comparator as an input source of a sample/holder, wherein the sample/holder performs peak sampling or peak holding on pulse current under the control of sampling pulses; the sample/holder output is provided to a control follower which effects constant current control of the pulsed current under control of the sample/holder output.
Wherein, before the comparison of the pull-up comparator, the method further comprises: and amplifying the current to be adjusted of the pulse power supply through an amplifier, and taking the output of the amplifier as one input of the pull-up comparator.
Wherein, the method also comprises: and the output of the amplifier is subjected to constant current control under the control of sampling pulses through a display controller and then is output and displayed.
The comparison signal output by the comparator is connected to the input end of the sampling/holding device after being processed by the current-limiting filter circuit.
Wherein the method further comprises: and discharging the filter capacitor through a bleeding comparator.
Wherein, the method also comprises: and comparing the sampling pulse with an external set power supply through a comparison controller, and controlling the start of the pull-up comparator or the discharge comparator.
Therefore, the invention compares the external set current with the current to be adjusted, then adjusts the output amplitude of the current, and performs constant current control, so that the current finally provided for the workpiece is more consistent with the set value and more stable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pulse power control system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a pulse power control system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a sample/hold unit of the pulse power control system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a pulse power control method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a pulse power control system according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shown. The system includes a pull-up comparator 101, a sample/holder 102, and a control outputter 103. In summary, the pulse power supply control system of the present invention compares the current to be adjusted with the external set current through the pull-up comparator 101, takes the comparison signal output by the pull-up comparator 101 as the input of the sample/holder 102, and the sample/holder 102 performs peak sampling or peak holding operation under the control of the sampling pulse; finally, the output of the sample/holder 102 is transmitted to the control outputter 103, and the control outputter 103 performs constant current control on the current to be adjusted under the output control of the sample/holder 102, and finally outputs a constant and stable pulse current to the workpiece.
The connection relationship and functions of each device in the system of fig. 1 are as follows:
the pull-up comparator 101 is used for comparing the current to be adjusted of the pulse power supply with the external set current, two input sources of the pull-up comparator are the current to be adjusted and the external set current respectively, and the output of the pull-up comparator is a comparison signal.
The sample/hold unit 102 samples the peak value or holds the peak value of the pulse current under the control of the sampling pulse, using the comparison signal output from the pull-up comparator 101 as an input source.
The control outputter 103 realizes constant current control of the current to be regulated under the control of the output of the sample/holder 102.
Therefore, the invention compares the external set current with the current to be adjusted, then adjusts the output amplitude of the pulse, and performs constant current control, so that the current finally provided for the workpiece is more consistent with the set value and more stable.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic diagram of a pulse power control system according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown. The second embodiment is added with an amplifier 104, a display controller 105, a comparison controller 106, a current limiting filter circuit 107, and a bleeding comparator 108 on the basis of the first embodiment.
Wherein,
and an amplifier 104 for amplifying the current to be regulated of the pulse power supply, wherein the output of the amplifier is used as the input of the pull-up comparator 101. In addition, before amplifying the current to be adjusted of the pulse power supply, filtering processing can be carried out on the current to be adjusted.
The display controller 105 is controlled by the sampling pulse, and outputs the output of the amplifier 104 as an input, and outputs a display after constant current control.
As can be understood by those skilled in the art, the amplifier 104 amplifies the current to be adjusted, and compares the amplified current as one input of the pull-up comparator 101 with the external setting current of the other input, so that the comparison result is more accurate. For example, the current to be adjusted is 0.5A, which is amplified by 4 times and then becomes 2A, which is used as one input of the pull-up comparator 101. In addition, the current to be adjusted is amplified and then simultaneously supplied to the display controller 105, so that the pulse power supply is converted into a direct current signal with the same amplitude, and finally the pulse peak current is displayed through a digital meter and the like.
A comparison controller 106 for controlling the pull-up comparator 101 and the bleed-off comparator 108 to be turned on or off by comparing the external set current with the sampling pulse, for example, when the sampling pulse is at a high level, the pull-up comparator 101 is turned on, and the bleed-off comparator 108 is turned off; when the sampling pulse is low, the bleeder comparator 108 is turned on and the pull-up comparator 101 is turned off.
In addition, between pull-up comparator 101 and sample/holder 102, current-limiting filter circuit 107 may be accessed, thereby ensuring that the input provided to sample/holder 102 is more accurate. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the sample/hold circuit 103 can sample on the fly when the output of the pull-up comparator 101 is higher than the sample/hold circuit 103 input, but the sample/hold circuit 103 input will not drop as quickly as the output of the pull-up comparator 101 decreases due to the current limiting filter circuit 107 when the output of the pull-up comparator 101 is lower than the sample/hold circuit 103 input, thereby making the overall sampling function less responsive. In order to solve the problem, a bleeder comparator 108 is added for discharging the filter capacitor of the current-limiting filter circuit 107 under the control of the comparison controller 106, so as to ensure that the input end of the sample/holder 103 is rapidly pulled down through the discharging operation of the filter capacitor when the output of the pull-up comparator 101 is lower than the input of the sample/holder 103, thereby ensuring that the whole sampling function reacts sensitively.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic diagram of a sample/hold unit of the pulse power control system of the present invention is shown. U2 is a sample/hold circuit 103, U3B is a pull-up comparator 102, and a diode D3, a resistor R6, a capacitor C3, and a capacitor C4 form a current-limiting filter circuit 106. TP2 (amplified current to be adjusted) and TP5 (external set current) are used as two paths of input of U3B, comparison signals are obtained after comparison of U3B, the comparison signals are rectified by a diode D3 and limited by a resistor R6, and direct current signals after passing through C3 and C4 are sent to the 3 rd pin of the input end of U2. The sampling pulse TP7 is connected to the control pin 8 of the U2 through the resistor R7, when the control pin 8 is at a high level, the U2 operates in a sampling state, and when the control pin 8 is at a low level, the U2 operates in a holding state, and since the loop impedance is large, the holding function is strong. U2 outputs a pickup signal TP4, which is supplied to control output 103 (not shown in fig. 3) for controlling the power delivery outflow. In addition, the output of the bleed comparator 108 described above is connected to TP3 (not shown in fig. 3) to discharge C4.
In addition to the above-described pulse power control system, the present invention also provides a pulse power control method. Referring to fig. 4, the method includes the steps of:
s401: the current to be adjusted of the pulse power supply is amplified by an amplifier, and then S402 and S403 are performed.
S402: and the output of the amplifier is subjected to constant current control under the control of sampling pulses through a display controller and then is output and displayed.
S403: comparing the output of the amplifier (the amplified current to be adjusted) with the external set current through a comparator to obtain a comparison signal; s404 is executed simultaneously with S403: comparing the sampling pulse with an external set power supply through a comparison controller, and controlling the pull-up comparator to be started or closed; s403 is followed by S405.
S405: carrying out current-limiting filtering processing on a comparison signal output by the pull-up comparator through a current-limiting filtering circuit; s406 is executed concurrently with the execution of S405: the bleeding comparator discharges the filter capacitor under the control of the comparison controller; s407 is then executed after S405.
S407: the signal processed by the current-limiting filter circuit is connected to the input end of the sample/hold unit for sample/hold processing, and then S408 is executed
S408: the sample/holder output is supplied to a control outputter which, under the control of the sample/holder output, performs constant current control of the pulse current, thereby ensuring that the current ultimately supplied to the external workpiece is closer to the set value.
It should be noted that, the above steps are only steps that are necessary to be executed in S403, S407, and S408, and the remaining steps may be selectively executed, which may be described in conjunction with fig. 1.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.