CN102432408A - Titanium hydride hydrogen storage emulsion explosive - Google Patents
Titanium hydride hydrogen storage emulsion explosive Download PDFInfo
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- CN102432408A CN102432408A CN2011102774874A CN201110277487A CN102432408A CN 102432408 A CN102432408 A CN 102432408A CN 2011102774874 A CN2011102774874 A CN 2011102774874A CN 201110277487 A CN201110277487 A CN 201110277487A CN 102432408 A CN102432408 A CN 102432408A
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Abstract
The invention, belonging to the technical field of explosive preparation, particularly relates to an emulsion explosive prepared by using hydrogen storage materials. The explosive comprises an emulsion base and a sensitizing agent, wherein, the sensitizing agent is titanium hydride, the weight of the sensitizing agent accounts for 0.6-8 % of the total weight of the titanium hydride hydrogen storage emulsion explosive, and the purity of titanium hydride is no less than 95 %. During the detonation process, partial titanium hydride reacts with water in the emulsion base to release a little hydrogen, thus a certain foaming effect on the emulsion base is achieved, and the emulsion base is allowed to detonate, so that titanium hydride plays a role as the sensitizing agent. Simultaneously, the rest titanium hydride is subject to thermal decomposition under the effect of high temperature generated by the reaction between emulsion base and hydrogen bubbles to rapidly release hydrogen, and hydrogen continues participating the detonation reaction with the emulsion base to allow the output energy to contain the energy released by the emulsion base and titanium hydride together. The titanium hydride hydrogen storage emulsion explosive disclosed herein has the characteristics of low output explosion pressure, large impulse, long decay time, and high energy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the explosive preparing technical field, be specifically related to use the emulsion [explosive of storage hydrogen material preparation.
Background technology
The milk sap of w/o type is called emulsifying base in the production of emulsion explosive, and it is the element body that constitutes emulsion [explosive, has stability and potential detonation property preferably.An ammonium nitrate aqueous phase solution (oxygenant) in the emulsifying base is dispersed into minimum particulate in oil-phase solution (combustible agent), its nuclear is for the supersaturation inorganic salt solution, and outsourcing one deck as thin as a wafer but the higher oil film of intensity presents higher viscosity.Emulsifying base is an emulsion explosives sensitized not, and its density is bigger, needs the very big energy that detonates; And propagation of explosion is difficulty very, therefore, and in the process of preparation emulsion [explosive; Must utilize the adiabatic compression and " focus " characteristic of explosive air, a large amount of micro-bubbles of uniform distribution in emulsion matrix through the in addition sensitization of physics or chemical process; Produce the blasting cap initiation sensitivity, just can become emulsion [explosive.Emulsion [explosive receives outside energy and does the time spent, owing to the sensibilized of bubble is blasted explosive.It is to be noted; In the prior art; No matter be the glass microsphere sensitizing of utilizing in the physical sensitization; Still utilize the whipping agent that adds in the chemical sensitization, the material that " sensitization " process is added mainly plays the effect that increases " focus " in the emulsifying base, to the not contribution of detonation energy of emulsion [explosive.Though emulsion [explosive has excellent acting ability, its brisance even be higher than TNT, the underwater explosion experiment shows that indexs such as its blast impulse crest value, momentum, energy are less.This explanation emulsion [explosive is slightly inadequate aspect the output energy, need make improvement in this respect.
Hydrogen storage material is a kind of novel energetic material, can discharge hydrogen under certain condition.Hydrogen has high energy density: comparing with liquid carbon hydrogen fuel, is its three times; And it does the time spent with oxygen, and unique product is a water, does not produce any pollution.Hydrogen-storage alloy is the new function material of late 1960s exploitation, has the big characteristics of storage hydrogen density.Main hydride hydrogen-storing material has that magnesium series, ferrotianium are serial, lanthanum nickel series and zirconium series.
Titanium series metal hydrogenate is considered to very promising hydrogen storage material.Titanium be the hydrogen storage amount of hydrogenate 1.8%～4.0%, titanium elements is abundant at occurring in nature content, low price, the decomposition pressure of its hydrogenate is merely several normal atmosphere, is adapted at large-scale application in the industrial production,
At present, do not find in emulsion explosives technology, to use the report of hydrogen storage material titanium series metal hydrogenate as yet as sensitized material.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is:, under the prerequisite that guarantees the emulsion [explosive Sensitivity to Primary Explosion, improve the detonation property of emulsion [explosive the sensitized material of metal hydride hydrogenation titanium as emulsion [explosive.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
Titanium hydride type storage hydrogen emulsion [explosive of the present invention; Its component comprises emulsifying base and sensitizing agent; It is characterized in that said sensitizing agent is a titanium hydride, wherein; The quality of titanium hydride accounts for the 0.6-8% of titanium hydride type storage hydrogen emulsion [explosive total mass (titanium hydride+emulsifying base), and said titanium hydride is a purity more than or equal to 95% powder.
Emulsifying base commonly used in the prescription of said emulsifying base and the existing emulsion [explosive is identical, as: an ammonium nitrate, SODIUMNITRATE, nitrocalcite, urea, water, wax, rosin, sorbitol monooleate, emulsifying agent etc.;
The preparation method of titanium hydride type storage hydrogen emulsion [explosive of the present invention is identical with the preparation method of interpolation physics sensitizing agent glass microsphere in the prior art: after in emulsifying base, adding titanium hydride; Use the whisking appliance continuously stirring; Make to mix, place more than 7 hours the time again.
The titanium hydride that the present invention added is evenly distributed in emulsifying base; In the ignition process; Water generates chemical reaction in partially hydrogenated titanium and the emulsifying base discharges small quantity of hydrogen, and the hydrogen that is discharged is wrapped up by emulsifying base; Form the bubble hydrogen of discrete distribution, hydrogen plays certain foaming effect to emulsifying base.Simultaneously, the bubble hydrogen in the emulsifying base and titanium hydride particles formation is " focus " one by one, has increased the cap-sensitivity of emulsifying base, makes the emulsifying base can be by blasting cap initiation, and titanium hydride at this moment plays the sensitizing agent effect.After the emulsifying base that mixes titanium hydride is by blasting cap initiation; UNDER SHOCK COMPRESSION focus and bubble hydrogen; The emulsifying base temperature at focus place and bubble hydrogen place raises, and emulsifying base and bubble hydrogen are detonated rapidly, and remaining titanium hydride under the high temperature action of emulsifying base and bubble hydrogen reaction generation thermolysis takes place; Rapid release hydrogen, hydrogen continue to participate in the detonation reaction of emulsifying base.The detonation reaction that has taken place is kept emulsifying base, bubble hydrogen, titanium hydride and is constantly continued above process takes place, and has promptly realized the detonation of titanium hydride type emulsifying base explosive.Visible from reaction process, after the emulsifying base of adding titanium hydride is detonated, comprised the common energy that discharges of emulsifying base and titanium hydride in the output energy.
Compare with traditional physical sensitization material glass microballoon, because the titanium hydride volume of equal quality is much smaller, so its overall volume can reduce to some extent, and low price.Compare with the chemical sensitization material, the emulsion [explosive that the present invention has also solved chemical sensitization causes the problem of the detonation property decline that the destruction of small bubbles is caused in the explosive because of extruding and vibrations in transportation and powder charge process.
The emulsion [explosive that titanium hydride type emulsifying base explosive can be used as a kind of excellent performance uses.Experiment shows: titanium hydride type storage hydrogen emulsion [explosive of the present invention has the output characteristics that pressure of explosion is low, momentum is big, fall time is long, energy is high.This will make it that extraordinary application prospect is arranged in the specific occasion.For example; In the rock mining process, make detonation gas pressure less than the rock ultimate compression strength through the content of controlling titanium hydride in the emulsion [explosive, do not destroy rock texture; Do not cause rock crackle forming; Make rock mass under low detonation pressure gas expansion effect,, form the large rock mass of waste material along natural joint, bedding or the predetermined spalling changing of the relative positions of road, landslide, the displacement of design of rock self.
Below further describe through embodiment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the storage hydrogen emulsion [explosive of the embodiment of the invention 1 titanium hydride content 2% carries out the shockwave graphic representation that the underwater explosion test obtains.
Fig. 2 is that the emulsion [explosive of glass microsphere content 4% carries out the shockwave graphic representation that the underwater explosion test obtains.
Fig. 3 is that the storage hydrogen emulsion [explosive of the embodiment of the invention 2 titanium hydride content 4% carries out the shockwave graphic representation that the underwater explosion test obtains.
Fig. 4 is that the storage hydrogen emulsion [explosive of the embodiment of the invention 3 titanium hydride content 6% carries out the shockwave graphic representation that the underwater explosion test obtains.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Titanium hydride and emulsifying base total mass 50g, titanium hydride content are 2% (=1 g) of total mass.After emulsifying base adds titanium hydride, used the whisking appliance continuously stirring 30 minutes, place and carry out the underwater explosion test after 10 hours.
Employed emulsifying base prescription is identical with prior art, and basic recipe is seen table 1.
Table 1 embodiment 1 employed emulsifying base prescription
| Component | Nitrate salt | Water | Span-80 | Compound oil phase | Other |
| Content | 78 | 15 | 2 | 4 | 1 |
In order to compare experiment, conventional sensitizing agent glass microsphere carries out sensitization to this process of dynamite substrate in the use emulsion explosive prodn.Existing experiment shows: when glass microsphere content was 4%, emulsion [explosive output energy was maximum.When therefore present embodiment was made, emulsifying base and glass microsphere total mass were 50g, and glass microsphere content is 4% (=2 g) of total mass.The emulsifying base kind of its use is identical with table 1.After emulsifying base adds glass microsphere, used the whisking appliance continuously stirring 45 minutes, place and carry out the underwater explosion test after 10 hours.
In the underwater explosion test, the shockwave curve of the emulsifying base explosive of 2% (W/W) titanium hydride is seen Fig. 1, and the shockwave curve of 4% (W/W) glass microsphere emulsion [explosive is seen Fig. 2.Among the figure: (unit: s), ordinate zou is represented pressure, and (unit: MPa), the underwater blast wave curve is by oscillograph recording for the X-coordinate express time.Various test parameters are seen table 2, and data all read from the shockwave curve in the table 2.
Table 2 embodiment 1 underwater blast wave detonation parameter
| Prescription (mass ratio) | Peak pressure MPa | Fall time us | Momentum Pas | Energy-flux density J/m 2 |
| Emulsifying base: titanium hydride=98:2 | 8.56 | 51.87 | 623.10 | 1946.7 |
| Emulsifying base: glass microsphere=96:4 | 10.35 | 37.08 | 588.34 | 2137.2 |
Annotate: the energy-flux density calculation formula:
,
is diminution factor.
Visible from table 2, the peak pressure of titanium hydride type storage hydrogen emulsion [explosive of the present invention is less than the emulsion [explosive of glass microsphere, but fall time, momentum are all greater than the latter.That is to say that though titanium hydride has reduced the shock wave peak pressure of emulsion [explosive underwater explosion, its secondary reaction can improve the temperature and the time length of explosive field, have active effect improving the emulsion [explosive damage effect.
Embodiment 2:
Titanium hydride and emulsifying base total mass 50g, titanium hydride content are 4% (=2 g) of total mass.After emulsifying base adds titanium hydride, used the whisking appliance continuously stirring 25 minutes, place and carry out the underwater explosion test after 48 hours.The shockwave curve is seen Fig. 3.
Employed emulsifying base prescription is identical with prior art, specifically sees table 3.
Table 3 embodiment 2 employed emulsifying base prescriptions
| Component | Nitrate salt | Water | LZ2731 | Compound oil phase | Other |
| Content | 77 | 16 | 2 | 4 | 1 |
In the underwater explosion test, the shockwave curve that obtains is seen Fig. 3.Among the figure: (unit: s), ordinate zou is represented pressure, and (unit: MPa), the underwater blast wave curve is by oscillograph recording for the X-coordinate express time.Each test parameter is seen table 4, and data all read from the shockwave curve in the table 4.Also listed in the table 4 and to have used the test data of glass microsphere, with relatively convenient as the underwater explosion of the conventional emulsion [explosive of sensitizing agent (emulsifying base is specifically filled a prescription, storage period with this example).
Table 4 embodiment 2 underwater blast wave detonation parameters
| Prescription (mass ratio) | Peak pressure MPa | Fall time us | Momentum Pas | Energy-flux density J/m 2 |
| Emulsifying base: titanium hydride=96:4 | 10.22 | 43.91 | 604.64 | 1759.84 |
| Emulsifying base: glass microsphere=96:4 | 10.35 | 37.08 | 588.34 | 2137.2 |
Visible from table 4, the peak pressure of titanium hydride type storage hydrogen emulsion [explosive is slightly less than the emulsion [explosive pressure peak that contains glass microsphere, but fall time, momentum are all greater than the latter.Though titanium hydride has reduced the shock wave peak pressure of emulsion [explosive underwater explosion, its secondary reaction can improve the temperature and the time length of explosive field, has active effect to improving the emulsion [explosive damage effect.
Embodiment 3:
Titanium hydride and emulsifying base total mass 50g, titanium hydride content be total mass 6% (=3g).After emulsifying base adds titanium hydride, used the whisking appliance continuously stirring 25 minutes, place and carry out the underwater explosion test after 25 days.The shockwave curve that obtains is seen Fig. 4.
Employed emulsifying base prescription is identical with prior art, specifically sees table 5.
Table 5 embodiment 3 employed emulsifying base prescriptions
| Component | Nitrate salt | Water | LZ2731 | Compound oil phase | Other |
| Content | 77 | 16 | 2 | 4 | 1 |
In the underwater explosion test, the shockwave curve that obtains is seen Fig. 4.Among the figure: (unit: s), ordinate zou is represented pressure, and (unit: MPa), the underwater blast wave curve is by oscillograph recording for the X-coordinate express time.Each test parameter is seen table 6, and data all read from the shockwave curve in the table 6.Also listed in the table 6 and to have used the test data of glass microsphere, with relatively convenient as the underwater explosion of the conventional emulsion [explosive of sensitizing agent (emulsifying base is specifically filled a prescription, storage period with this example).
Table 6 embodiment 3 underwater blast wave detonation parameters
| Prescription (mass ratio) | Peak pressure MPa | Fall time us | Momentum Pas | Energy-flux density J/m 2 |
| Emulsifying base: titanium hydride=94:6 | 7.90 | 67.13 | 728.80 | 2435.6 |
| Emulsifying base: glass microsphere=96:4 | 10.35 | 37.08 | 588.34 | 2137.2 |
Contrast table 2,4,6 can find out that hydrogenation type of the present invention stores up in the hydrogen breast titanizing explosive, the underwater explosion pressure of titanium hydride emulsifying base explosive and titanium hydride content and nonlinear relationship.When titanium hydride mass content during in 6% left and right sides; Its momentum and energy-flux density are maximum, but peak pressure is minimum, also reach peak simultaneously fall time; Near using glass microsphere 2 times as the conventional emulsion [explosive of sensitizing agent, this meets some requirement of special occasion very much.
More than titanium hydride among each embodiment be purity greater than 95% powder, granularity is at 1-40 μ m, powder particle is an irregular polyhedrons shape, is buied by market; The various raw materials of configuration emulsifying base are also buied by market.
Claims (1)
1. a titanium hydride type stores up the hydrogen emulsion [explosive, and its component comprises emulsifying base and sensitizing agent, it is characterized in that; Said sensitizing agent is a titanium hydride; Wherein, the quality of titanium hydride accounts for the 0.6-8% of titanium hydride type storage hydrogen emulsion [explosive total mass, and said titanium hydride is a purity more than or equal to 95% powder.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103113171A (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2013-05-22 | 中国科学技术大学 | Titanium hydride-type high-energy composite explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN103626615A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-03-12 | 宜兴市阳生化工有限公司 | MY type colloid emulsified civil explosive and production process thereof |
| CN103724143A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-16 | 宜兴市阳生化工有限公司 | Rock powdery civil emulsion explosive and production process thereof |
| CN106588521A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-04-26 | 中国科学技术大学 | Free state hydrogen sensitized emulsion explosive and preparation method |
| CN106883083A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-06-23 | 攀枝花学院 | Emulsion and the mixed medicine granulation all-in-one of the method and physical sensitization of granulation |
| CN107540486A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-01-05 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of hydrogen storage type emulsion seismic charge and the hypocentrum cartridge using the explosive-source explosive post |
| CN108358733A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-08-03 | 安徽理工大学 | A method of it thermally expanding hollow microsphere and coats energetic additive |
| CN109096023A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2018-12-28 | 安徽理工大学 | Hollow microballoon containing energy of a kind of emulsion multicore and preparation method thereof |
| CN109440074A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-08 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of quick-fried film bridge of hydrogen and preparation method thereof of high-energy output |
| CN116553988A (en) * | 2023-05-17 | 2023-08-08 | 安徽理工大学 | Novel emulsion explosive containing titanium hydride and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103113171A (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2013-05-22 | 中国科学技术大学 | Titanium hydride-type high-energy composite explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN103113171B (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2015-06-24 | 中国科学技术大学 | Titanium hydride-type high-energy composite explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN103626615A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-03-12 | 宜兴市阳生化工有限公司 | MY type colloid emulsified civil explosive and production process thereof |
| CN103724143A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-16 | 宜兴市阳生化工有限公司 | Rock powdery civil emulsion explosive and production process thereof |
| CN103724143B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2016-02-10 | 宜兴市阳生化工有限公司 | A kind of Rock powdery civil emulsion explosive and production technique thereof |
| CN106588521A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-04-26 | 中国科学技术大学 | Free state hydrogen sensitized emulsion explosive and preparation method |
| CN106883083A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-06-23 | 攀枝花学院 | Emulsion and the mixed medicine granulation all-in-one of the method and physical sensitization of granulation |
| CN106883083B (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2019-09-24 | 攀枝花学院 | The method and physical sensitization of emulsion and granulation mix medicine and are granulated all-in-one machine |
| CN107540486A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-01-05 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of hydrogen storage type emulsion seismic charge and the hypocentrum cartridge using the explosive-source explosive post |
| CN108358733A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-08-03 | 安徽理工大学 | A method of it thermally expanding hollow microsphere and coats energetic additive |
| CN108358733B (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2020-07-03 | 安徽理工大学 | Method for coating energetic additive by thermal expansion hollow microspheres |
| CN109096023A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2018-12-28 | 安徽理工大学 | Hollow microballoon containing energy of a kind of emulsion multicore and preparation method thereof |
| CN109440074A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-08 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of quick-fried film bridge of hydrogen and preparation method thereof of high-energy output |
| CN116553988A (en) * | 2023-05-17 | 2023-08-08 | 安徽理工大学 | Novel emulsion explosive containing titanium hydride and preparation method thereof |
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