CN102426096B - Detection system and detection method for feeding precision of special-shaped curve mechanism of revolving body - Google Patents
Detection system and detection method for feeding precision of special-shaped curve mechanism of revolving body Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a detection system and a detection method for feeding precision of a revolving body special-shaped curve mechanism. The revolving body special-shaped curve mechanism comprises a revolving base body and a peripheral positioning part, and a positioning pin on the peripheral positioning part is embedded into a special-shaped curve groove on the revolving base body and can freely slide in the groove; the detection system comprises an optical autocollimator, a reflector, a rotary table capable of recording a rotation angle and a height indicator for measuring the height of a peripheral positioning part, wherein a rotary base body is horizontally fixed on the rotary table, the reflector is vertically fixed on the peripheral positioning part, the position of the optical autocollimator is fixed, and a collimation axis of the optical autocollimator is horizontally aligned with the reflector. The invention has reliable result; the detection method is flexible; the efficiency is high; is easy to popularize.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ray machine and debug detection range, relate to detection system and the detection method thereof of the special-shaped curve of a kind of solid of revolution mechanism feed accuracy.
Background technology
Along with development of science and technology, in the engineering field, engineers is more and more recognized, uses the special-shaped curve of solid of revolution mechanism to substitute complicated physical construction, can arrive the purpose of simplified structure, raising performance.Why the special-shaped curve of solid of revolution mechanism can substitute complicated physical construction, is that motion feeding can provide the amount of feeding according to the practical application needs, and has advantages of simple structure and simple when rotating equal angular because of it.
The feeding principle of the special-shaped curve of solid of revolution mechanism:
As shown in Figure 1: the special-shaped curve of solid of revolution mechanism is made up of revolution matrix and 3 two essential parts of peripheral locating element.Tommy 2 on the peripheral locating element 3 embeds in the special-shaped curved groove 1 of revolution matrix, and is free to slide in groove with certain quality of fit.When if tommy 2 is in position of the special-shaped curved groove 1 of solid of revolution, shown in the left figure of Fig. 1: the center of tommy 2 to the flange place distance of the special-shaped curved groove 1 of solid of revolution is h; After the rotation of α angle takes place in the special-shaped curved groove 1 of solid of revolution, because peripheral locating element 3 is by optical-autocollimator 5 aiming location, therefore, tommy 2 is along the special-shaped curved groove 1 slip α angle of solid of revolution, to another position, place, shown in the right figure of Fig. 1: the center of tommy 2 to the flange place distance of the special-shaped curved groove 1 of solid of revolution is h ', and namely peripheral locating element is along with in axial direction the moved distance of b of tommy 2.So, the special-shaped curve of solid of revolution mechanism 7 has just produced axial feeding.From the above, the special-shaped curve of solid of revolution mechanism 7 is when rotation alpha angle relatively, at axial direction, 7 feedings of the special-shaped curve of solid of revolution mechanism are through after changing continuously, reach the amount of feeding b corresponding with the anglec of rotation, thereby be the corresponding relation that the special-shaped curve of solid of revolution mechanism 7 has set up between the anglec of rotation and the amount of feeding.
The amount of feeding and the feed accuracy of the special-shaped curve of solid of revolution mechanism, for high-precision exact instrument, designing requirement is very harsh.In order to reach very high accuracy requirement, engineers is being carried out a large amount of developments, testing to the design processing of the special-shaped curve of solid of revolution mechanism.Wherein, most testing is to use three coordinate measuring machine, by detecting the coordinate of space of curves up and down of the special-shaped curved groove of solid of revolution, thereby obtains the error amount of each point, further the data that record are used Least Square in Processing, calculate the helical pitch of the special-shaped curved groove of solid of revolution.
Thinking to said method is as follows:
One, from the angle of detected object, the method is the perfect detection to the special-shaped curved groove of solid of revolution; But the special-shaped curve of solid of revolution mechanism is combined by the special-shaped curved groove of solid of revolution and peripheral locating element.Therefore, ignored in assembling process, the special-shaped curved groove error of the cooperation between parts, solid of revolution is to the effect of the factors such as influence coefficient of overall accuracy.Testing result namely can have very big deviation with actual result.Therefore, the method can not satisfy the requirement that detects the special-shaped curve mechanism's amount of feeding of solid of revolution and feed accuracy.
Two, from the angle of testing tool, use three coordinate measuring machine that following a few point defect is arranged: 1, bulky, limited the dirigibility of carrying out testing; 2, detection efficiency is low, and especially when the highly dense intensity of needs detects, along with to the increasing of space curve sampled point, the testing amount also increases thereupon, wastes time and energy; 3, detect the cost height, especially three coordinate measuring machine is expensive.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides detection system and the detection method thereof of the special-shaped curve of a kind of solid of revolution mechanism feed accuracy, purpose is the detection that realizes the special-shaped curve mechanism's amount of feeding of solid of revolution and feed accuracy, and improve dirigibility, the high efficiency carry out testing, reduce and detect cost, be convenient to popularize this type of testing.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The detection system of the special-shaped curve of a kind of solid of revolution mechanism feed accuracy, the special-shaped curve of described solid of revolution mechanism comprises revolution matrix and peripheral locating element, tommy on the peripheral locating element embeds in the special-shaped curved groove that turns round on the matrix, and can be free to slide in groove; This detection system comprises optical-autocollimator, catoptron, can record the turntable of rotational angle and in order to measure the altimeter of peripheral locating element height, revolution matrix horizontal fixed is on turntable, catoptron vertically is fixed on the peripheral locating element, the optical-autocollimator stationkeeping, the described catoptron of its collimation axis horizontal aligument.
The base of above-mentioned turntable and altimeter can be fixed on the same level table, to be convenient for measuring.
Above-mentioned catoptron is fixedlyed connected with the lateral surface of peripheral locating element.
A kind of said detecting system of using is carried out the method that the special-shaped curve of solid of revolution mechanism feed accuracy detects, and may further comprise the steps:
(1) the special-shaped curve of the solid of revolution mechanism that catoptron will be installed is positioned on the turntable, adjusts the dead in line that the special-shaped curve of solid of revolution mechanism makes its axis and turntable, and fixing revolution matrix (that is: special-shaped curved groove being fixed in the turntable coordinate system); Adjust altimeter, record the initial level of peripheral locating element;
(2) adjust optical-autocollimator, the aiming catoptron, and make catoptron be in the autocollimation state;
(3) turntable is rotated, drive the special-shaped curve of solid of revolution mechanism and horizontally rotate an angle, record this angle;
(4) keep turntable motionless, rotate peripheral locating element, make peripheral locating element turn round matrix relatively coaxial angular turn takes place, be in the autocollimation state again thereby drive catoptron;
(5) altimeter is measured the level height of peripheral locating element this moment, and the angle that this level height and step (3) record constitutes one group of data, thereby obtains the polar data relation table of relative rotation angle amount and axial feeding;
(6) continue to make turntable to rotate, operate according to step (3) to step (5), finish until the whole piece curve of special-shaped curved groove is detected, obtain the parameters relationship of the anglec of rotation and the amount of feeding the most at last.
The described parameters relationship of above-mentioned steps (6) adopts polar coordinate representation, and the angle of organizing data is horizontal ordinate with each, and level height is ordinate, inserts data, namely obtains the relative rotation angle of the special-shaped curve of solid of revolution mechanism and the actual corresponding relation between its feeding.
Adjust altimeter described in the above-mentioned steps (1) and can adopt the mechanical type test arm, the side head of altimeter and the rotating shaft of turntable are intersected, gauge head contacts with the top of peripheral locating element, thereby records level height.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1, reliable results: to the direct measurement of the special-shaped curve of the solid of revolution mechanism amount of feeding, in the time of can being reflected in actual use, the feed accuracy of the special-shaped curve of solid of revolution mechanism, fixing optical-autocollimator optical axis remains unchanged, a reliable and stable aiming location benchmark can be provided, for detecting, high precision provides safeguard, thereby, the reliable and confidence level of raising testing result.
2, detection method is flexible: use knockdown method, be convenient to the partition combination, can be combined into suitable different ranges according to the size of practical work piece, the accuracy requirement of detection, the pick-up unit in different operating place improves the dirigibility of carrying out testing;
3, high-level efficiency: adopt optical autocollimating aiming and altimeter to detect the technological means that the amount of feeding matches, it is simple to operate, rapid to make aiming measure, and the result is accurate, thereby improves detection efficiency;
4, be easy to popularize: because the common testing tool that the present invention uses nearly all sensing chamber all to possess, so, be fit to popularize this detection method on a large scale.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 2 is the optical autocollimating principle schematic;
Accompanying drawing 3 uses the mounting structure synoptic diagram for the present invention.
The drawing reference numeral explanation:
The special-shaped curved groove of 1-, 2-tommy, the peripheral locating element of 3-, 4-frock catoptron, 5-optical-autocollimator, 6-digital-display height indicator, the special-shaped curve of 7-solid of revolution mechanism, 8-digital display turntable, 9-level table.
Embodiment
Checkout equipment and the frock of utilization of the present invention have: digital display turntable, digital-display height indicator, optical-autocollimator, catoptron frock.
Wherein, the digital display turntable is responsible for the fixedly special-shaped curved groove of solid of revolution, and drives its rotation; Digital-display height indicator can directly be measured the special-shaped curve of the solid of revolution mechanism amount of feeding; The catoptron frock is fixedlyed connected with peripheral locating element, reaching catoptron and the identical purpose of the peripheral locating element anglec of rotation, and provides run-home for optical-autocollimator; Optical-autocollimator aiming catoptron utilizes the optical autocollimating principle, carries out the autocollimation operation, thereby realizes the high precision aiming location to peripheral locating element.
Optical autocollimating aiming positioning principle:
Shown in the last figure of Fig. 2: when the normal of frock catoptron 4 was parallel with the optical axis of optical-autocollimator 5, a light that sends along optical axis through after the mirror reflects, oppositely returned along optical axis again.See that the graduation virtual image of reflected back overlaps with former graduation this moment in the eyepiece of optical-autocollimator 5, this process is called optical autocollimating.Shown in Fig. 2 figure below: the normal of frock catoptron 4 is the rotation of a along with angles take place for frock catoptron 4, a light that sends along optical axis, after 4 reflections of frock catoptron, light will and optical axis between produce the angle of 2a.In the eyepiece of optical-autocollimator 5, see the sight that the graduation virtual image of reflected back and former graduation do not overlap this moment.So have: the angle of reflection ray and optical axis equals the twice of normal and the optical axis included angle of frock catoptron 4.
In sum: the bearing accuracy of frock catoptron 4 is 1/2 of optical-autocollimator 5 pointing accuracies.The pointing accuracy of general optical-autocollimator can reach 10 ", therefore, the orientation angle error of frock catoptron 4 can reach 5 " below.Satisfy the accuracy of detection requirement of highly sophisticated device fully.
The present invention adopts control digital display turntable to drive the mode of the special-shaped curved groove of solid of revolution, can rotate the angle of any requirement, simultaneously, utilize the optical autocollimating principle that the frock catoptron is aimed at the location, guaranteed between peripheral locating element and aiming benchmark (optical-autocollimator optical axis) angular deflection not to take place, thereby realized the accurate rotation of relative angle between peripheral locating element and the special-shaped curved groove of solid of revolution.So tommy except angled variable quantity, also has the axial feeding along the solid of revolution axial direction on the special-shaped curved groove of solid of revolution.Counterrotating angular metric is provided by the digital display turntable; Axial feeding is then measured by digital-display height indicator.Can detect the special-shaped curve of the solid of revolution mechanism amount of feeding, and the relation between the relative rotation angle amount and precision with the method.
As shown in Figure 3: one cover polar coordinates detection system that the testing tool of utilization of the present invention has had 4 one-tenth of digital-display height indicators 6, optical-autocollimator 5, digital display turntable 8, frock catoptron.
Installation and operating process are as follows:
The first step is placed on digital display turntable 5 and digital-display height indicator 1 on the same level table, and adjusts the placement location of digital-display height indicator 1, and the rotating shaft of its gauge head and digital display turntable 5 is intersected;
Second step with the special-shaped curve of the solid of revolution that catoptron frock 3 is installed mechanism 2, was positioned on the digital display turntable 5, adjusted the dead in line that the special-shaped curve of solid of revolution mechanism 2 makes its axis and digital display turntable 5, and the fixing part flange of solid of revolution abnormal shape curved groove;
In the 3rd step, lay and adjust optical-autocollimator 4 aiming catoptron frocks 3, and make it be in the autocollimation state;
In the 4th step, control digital display turntable 5 drives angle of special-shaped curved groove 6 rotations of solid of revolution;
The 5th step, rotate peripheral locating element 7, adjust catoptron and be in the autocollimation state again;
In the 6th step, control digital-display height indicator 1 is measured the level height of peripheral locating element 7 this moment;
In the 7th step, the measurement result of digital display turntable 5 and corresponding digital-display height indicator 1 preserved in record;
The 8th step repeated for the four ~ seven step, was detected until the whole piece curve to finish, and obtained the parameters relationship of the anglec of rotation and the amount of feeding the most at last;
The 9th step, set up polar coordinate system, be horizontal ordinate with the angular metric that rotates, level height is ordinate, inserts data, can obtain the relative rotation angle of the special-shaped curve of solid of revolution mechanism, and the actual corresponding relation between its feeding.
The present invention can overcome the defective of the existence of traditional detection system and method well, realizes the high-level efficiency of the special-shaped curve of the solid of revolution mechanism amount of feeding is detected.
One, from the angle of detected object, detected object of the present invention is the special-shaped curve of the solid of revolution mechanism that portion's dress finishes.Directly detect the special-shaped curve of the solid of revolution mechanism amount of feeding, can reflect actual working result and precision.Therefore, the present invention is fit to the special-shaped curve mechanism's amount of feeding of solid of revolution and feed accuracy are detected.
Two, from the angle of testing tool, the present invention utilizes common testing tool to be combined into the device that a cover is fit to the solid of revolution detection.Advantage is as follows: 1, use knockdown device, can expand the work space of testing, improve the dirigibility of carrying out testing; 2, adopt optical autocollimating aiming and altimeter to detect the technological means that the amount of feeding matches, it is simple to operate, rapid to make aiming measure, and the result is accurate, thereby improves detection efficiency; What 3, the present invention used is common testing tool entirely, and cost is low, and general sensing chamber all can satisfy the equipment requirement, is beneficial to and applies.
Claims (6)
1. the detection system of the special-shaped curve of solid of revolution mechanism feed accuracy, the special-shaped curve of described solid of revolution mechanism comprises revolution matrix and peripheral locating element, tommy on the peripheral locating element embeds in the special-shaped curved groove that turns round on the matrix, and can be free to slide in groove; It is characterized in that: this detection system comprises optical-autocollimator, catoptron, can record the turntable of rotational angle and in order to measure the altimeter of peripheral locating element height, revolution matrix horizontal fixed is on turntable, catoptron vertically is fixed on the peripheral locating element, the optical-autocollimator stationkeeping, the described catoptron of its collimation axis horizontal aligument.
2. detection system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the base of turntable and altimeter are fixed on the same level table.
3. detection system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: catoptron is fixedlyed connected with the lateral surface of peripheral locating element.
4. use the method that detection system as claimed in claim 1 is carried out the feed accuracy detection of the special-shaped curve of solid of revolution mechanism for one kind, may further comprise the steps:
(1) the special-shaped curve of the solid of revolution mechanism that catoptron will be installed is positioned on the turntable, adjusts the dead in line that the special-shaped curve of solid of revolution mechanism makes its axis and turntable, and the fixing matrix that turns round; Adjust altimeter, record the initial level of peripheral locating element;
(2) adjust optical-autocollimator, the aiming catoptron, and make catoptron be in the autocollimation state;
(3) turntable is rotated, drive the special-shaped curve of solid of revolution mechanism and horizontally rotate an angle, record this angle;
(4) keep turntable motionless, rotate peripheral locating element, make peripheral locating element turn round matrix relatively coaxial angular turn takes place, be in the autocollimation state again thereby drive catoptron;
(5) altimeter is measured the level height of peripheral locating element this moment, and the angle that this level height and step (3) record constitutes one group of data, thereby obtains the polar data relation table of relative rotation angle amount and axial feeding;
(6) continue to make turntable to rotate, operate according to step (3) to step (5), finish until the whole piece curve of special-shaped curved groove is detected, obtain the parameters relationship of the anglec of rotation and the amount of feeding the most at last.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the described parameters relationship of step (6) adopts polar coordinate representation, angle with each group data is horizontal ordinate, level height is ordinate, insert data, namely obtain the relative rotation angle of the special-shaped curve of solid of revolution mechanism and the actual corresponding relation between its feeding.
6. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: adjusting altimeter described in the step (1) is to adopt the mechanical type test arm, makes the gauge head of altimeter crossing with the rotating shaft of turntable, and gauge head contacts with the top of peripheral locating element, thereby records level height.
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| CN105572134A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-05-11 | 北京工业大学 | Line scanning self-template revolving body defect detecting device |
| CN105698713B (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2019-03-29 | 西安应用光学研究所 | A kind of device and scaling method of calibrating precise shafting axis of rotation |
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| KR100982236B1 (en) * | 2008-07-07 | 2010-09-14 | 엘아이지넥스원 주식회사 | Apparatus and method for measuring backlash |
| CN101726412B (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2011-09-07 | 洛阳轴研科技股份有限公司 | Correction method of equivalent load of radial film oil cylinder of bearing tester |
| CN202471398U (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2012-10-03 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Detection system for feeding precision of revolving body curve mechanism |
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