CN102425484A - Method for improving natural gas engine compression ignition performance by adopting injection valve - Google Patents
Method for improving natural gas engine compression ignition performance by adopting injection valve Download PDFInfo
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- CN102425484A CN102425484A CN2011103436019A CN201110343601A CN102425484A CN 102425484 A CN102425484 A CN 102425484A CN 2011103436019 A CN2011103436019 A CN 2011103436019A CN 201110343601 A CN201110343601 A CN 201110343601A CN 102425484 A CN102425484 A CN 102425484A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving a natural gas engine compression ignition performance by adopting an injection valve. A main-auxiliary combustion chamber structure with high compression ratio is adopted for an engine; heat insulation ceramics is sprayed in an auxiliary combustion chamber and a natural gas injection valve is arranged in the auxiliary combustion chamber; and natural gas is injected into the auxiliary combustion chamber at the primary stage of a compression stroke, thus fuel materials in the auxiliary combustion chamber are ignited and combusted firstly, and the ignition effect of fuel materials in the main combustion chamber is realized. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that the natural gas engine compression ignition performance can be improved greatly by adopting a turbulence chamber heat insulation structure; the auxiliary combustion chamber design is easy to realize, and can be modified on the basis of the existing plurality of turbulence chamber diesel engines, the modification cost is low, and the market application scale is wide; and the combustion chamber is not only suitable for natural gas, but also suitable for other engine alternative fuels with high spontaneous ignition temperature, such as methane, hydrogen and the like, gas fuel compression ignition combustion is realized, and the starting property, economical efficiency and emission property of the engine are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to IC Engine Design and field of combustion technology, particularly a kind of combustion system that adopts injection valve to improve natural gas engine compression ignition performance.
Background technique
Receive the influence of factors such as China's automobile pollution significantly increases, 5 months external interdependencies of crude oil in China surpass the U.S. for the first time before 2011, and wherein 90% newly-increased crude oil demand directly disturbs the national energy security strategy from automobile industry.High-efficiency cleaning using gases fuel is as the alternative fuel of gasoline, diesel oil for this reason, and with reducing automobile industry etc. greatly to the depending on unduly of crude oil, and the combustion technology of exploitation gaseous fuel clean and effective is to promote the gaseous propellant engine key in application.The compressed natural gas proportion is the highest in the alternative fuel of having used, and the country of distribution is the widest.
Compare with spark-ignition engine, compression ignition engine has the high characteristics of compression ratio, helps improving engine thermal efficiency and fuel economy.But fuel such as compressed natural gas are because SIT is high, under usual conditions, are difficult to realize stable compression ignition burning, must as the glow plug of igniting usefulness is set, adopt insulated combustion chamber in cylinder by some special technique means.But, be applicable to that also there are a lot of difficulties in the exploitation of the higher calorific value glow plug of high self-ignition point temperature, particularly the reliability aspect of glow plug Maximum operating temperature value and long-term work does not also obviously break through, and makes apart from commercialization to remain time.Though insulated combustion chamber research from last century six the seventies just begin; Particularly a large amount of research work have been done by Texaco Oil; But high temperature equally also faces a lot of difficulties with the development of industrial ceramics and the use of the full pottery of motor; Like effective tissue of oil inflame under lubricated, the ceramic fatigue resistance of ceramic engine, the high temperature condition etc., make the advantage of adiabatic engine also not bring into play fully.
To high self-ignition point gaseous fuels such as compressed natural gas, biogas, hydrogen, realize that its reliable compression ignition must explore the new combustion technology of internal-combustion engine, and combine Structure of Internal-Combustion Engine to improve and design, develop novel combustion system and could realize.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to above-mentioned technical Analysis and existing problems; A kind of method that adopts injection valve to improve natural gas engine compression ignition performance is provided; Provide than the high a lot of extrahigh energy ignition energy of common spark plug to main combustion chamber, realize natural gas engine compression ignition and rapid combustion.
Technological scheme of the present invention:
A kind of method that adopts injection valve to improve natural gas engine compression ignition performance; Motor adopts main and auxiliary combustor's structure of high compression ratio; In subsidiary combustion chamber, spray thermal insulation ceramics and the natural gas injection valve is set; Spray rock gas at the compression stroke initial stage to subsidiary combustion chamber, make the subsidiary combustion chamber fuel at first fire burns, realize the effect of igniting to the main combustion chamber fuel.
The main and auxiliary combustor of said motor; Utilize the swirl combustion chamber of S195 diesel engine; Transform the eddy current subsidiary combustion chamber, engine cylinder covers the natural gas injection valve mounting hole that is provided with an inclination that is used to install the natural gas injection valve and communicates with subsidiary combustion chamber, between main combustion chamber and subsidiary combustion chamber, adopts the swirl-chamber insert that is provided with penetrating via simultaneously; The position of natural gas injection valve mounting hole is identical with the position of former diesel injector; The angle of the vertical center line of its center line and subsidiary combustion chamber is 20 degree, and natural gas injection valve mounting hole top is diameter 25mm, high 24mm cylinder type tapped hole, and the bottom is a diameter 14mm cylindrical hole; The cylindrical hole and the subsidiary combustion chamber of bottom connect, and the natural gas injection valve is connected through thread seal with natural gas injection valve mounting hole; The swirl-chamber insert external form is stepped cylindrical structure; Cylindrical body by three different-diameters constitutes; Three cylindrical bodys are respectively high 6.5mm, diameter 36mm from top to bottom, high 8mm, diameter 32mm and high 8mm, diameter 40mm, the swirl-chamber insert inside center be provided with the cylindrical hole at top and the hemisphere type vortex chamber that communicates with it at the bottom of; The cylindrical hole diameter at top is 30mm, high 4mm; Diameter at the bottom of the hemisphere type vortex chamber is 26mm, and the swirl-chamber insert base is provided with two circular hole passages, and one of them circular hole passage is for starting the hole; Under its center line end distance insert vertical center line lower end 15mm, with the angle of vertical center line inserted be that 30 degree, diameter are 3mm; Another circular hole passage is vortex chamber's passage, under its center line end distance insert vertical center line lower end 7mm, with the angle of vertical center line inserted be that 40 degree, diameter are 8-12mm, swirl-chamber insert and engine cylinder cover are fixed through interference fit.
The compression ratio of said motor is 19-21.
Said thermal insulation ceramics is a zirconia ceramics, and coating thickness is 1.2 ㎜.
Said natural gas injection valve is the SP serial gas injection valve that the red magnificent company in Guizhou produces; The rock gas 180-120 before compression top center that sprays writes music and sprays in the Shaft angle scope; Jet pressure is 5.5-6.5Mpa, and air feed quantity is opened the endurance with injection valve and counted 60-180 and write music in the Shaft angle scope.
Technical Analysis of the present invention:
The internal combustion engine process comprises breathing process, compression process, the work by combustion of catching fire process and exhaust process, totally 4 processes.The vitals of common internal-combustion engine acting unit is the firing chamber, and the firing chamber is made up of the space that cylinder type cylinder sleeve inboard, piston head and cylinder cap bottom surface are surrounded, and the cylinder sleeve top is a cylinder head, and piston is reciprocating in cylinder sleeve.Piston is motion from top to bottom in cylinder sleeve, ambient air is sucked be suction stroke; Piston moves inhaled air boil down to compression stroke from bottom to top; The compression stroke terminal point sprays into fuel and is realizing fire burns, and the high temperature and high pressure gas that is produced promotes piston and moves downward external acting, is called the work by combustion stroke that catches fire; The waste gas that burning back produces is called exhaust stroke by the piston release cylinder that moves from bottom to top.
Fuel is realized the condition of compression ignition, and fuel realizes that in cylinder the compression ignition burning must possess several conditions simultaneously: fuel and Air mixing gas concentration are suitable before catching fire; The temperature of compression terminal point surpasses the self-ignition point of mixed gas in the cylinder.Mixture strength distributes and receives chamber structure before catching fire, and air motion and the spray regime of fuel in the firing chamber in the cylinder are like influences such as injection direction and time for spraying.The temperature of compression terminal point depends on the parameters such as compression ratio of motor.
Summary of the invention comprises chamber structure design and rock gas.Reliable compression ignition for high SIT fuel such as assurance rock gases; The swirl combustion chamber structure is adopted in design, and the firing chamber comprises the main combustion chamber that formed by piston head and cylinder cap bottom and bottom cylinder cap and away from the ball-type vortex chamber of cylinder centerline place setting.Spraying thermal insulation ceramics and be provided for the injection apparatus of compressed natural gas in subsidiary combustion chamber sprays into compressed natural gas at the compression stroke initial stage.Can effectively improve the reliable compression ignitions of high self-ignition point fuel in cylinder of internal-combustion engine such as compressed natural gas, hydrogen or biogas through this covering device, realize the high-efficiency cleaning burning of gaseous fuel.
The key technology of the combustion system of said raising natural gas engine compression ignition performance is: 1) engine compression ratio and main and auxiliary combustor's volume ratio are selected; 2) design of swirl-chamber insert passage comprises angle, size, the quantity of passage; 3) the thermal insulation ceramics material of vortex chamber and heat insulating ceramic coat thickness are selected.
Above-mentioned measure is an integral body, and rock gas compression ignition and combustion process are had mutual restriction.There is optimal case, promptly exists best parameter to select.The designed engines compression ratio is the involuntary ignition that satisfies perfect combustion catalizer for the temperature that guarantees the compression terminal point.Design main and auxiliary combustor volume ratio is for guaranteeing in the concubine that the mixed gas laggard ignition energy of becoming owner of enforcement that catches fire satisfies main chamber's natural gas fired energy requirement.Design subsidiary combustion chamber parameter is in order to ensure being retained in concubine after the additive injection to greatest extent, and with concubine in air mixing, form the equivalent proportion inflammable mixture as early as possible and realize igniting.Design main combustion chamber parameter is for the passage of inserting with subsidiary combustion chamber is complementary, and makes the flame of subsidiary combustion chamber internal combustion get into main combustion chamber with the energy loss of minimum, realizes the reliable ignition and the rapid combustion of rock gas and air Mixture in the main combustion chamber.The thermal insulation ceramics material of design vortex chamber and heat insulating ceramic coat thickness are for guaranteeing that the compression terminal point has the highest compression temperature, is beneficial to the rock gas compression ignite and catches fire.
The advantage of this invention is: adopt vortex chamber's heat-insulating structure can improve natural gas engine compression ignition performance greatly; The subsidiary combustion chamber design is easy to realize; Can convert on existing a large amount of swirl chamber diesels basis on the market, the repacking cost is low, and the application market scale is wide; This combustion system is not only applicable to rock gas, also applicable to the engine replacing fuel of other high self-ignition points, like biogas, hydrogen etc., realizes the burning of gaseous fuel compression ignition, improves engine startability, Economy and emission performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is cylinder cap integral body, subsidiary combustion chamber and insert structure schematic representation.
Among the figure: 1. cylinder cap 2. natural gas injection valves 3 are natural gas injection valve mounting hole
4. subsidiary combustion chamber 5. main combustion chambers 6. swirl-chamber inserts 7. cylindrical holes,
At the bottom of the hemisphere type vortex chamber 9 for starting hole 10. vortex chamber's passages.
Embodiment
Embodiment:
A kind of method that adopts injection valve to improve natural gas engine compression ignition performance; Motor adopts main and auxiliary combustor's structure of high compression ratio; Spraying thermal insulation ceramics and the natural gas injection valve is set sprays rock gas at the compression stroke initial stage to subsidiary combustion chamber in subsidiary combustion chamber, make the subsidiary combustion chamber fuel at first fire burns; Realization is to the effect of igniting of main combustion chamber fuel, and measure is following:
1) utilizes the swirl combustion chamber of S195 diesel engine, transform the eddy current subsidiary combustion chamber
Again designing natural gas suction port; So that the natural gas injection valve is installed; Cylinder cap is whole, subsidiary combustion chamber and insert structure are as shown in Figure 1, and engine cylinder cover 1 is provided with the natural gas injection valve mounting hole 3 of an inclination that is used to install natural gas injection valve 2 and communicates with subsidiary combustion chamber 4, between main combustion chamber 5 and subsidiary combustion chamber 4, adopts the swirl-chamber insert 6 that is provided with penetrating via simultaneously; The position of natural gas injection valve mounting hole 3 is identical with the position of former diesel injector; The angle of the vertical center line of its center line and subsidiary combustion chamber 4 is 20 degree, and natural gas injection valve mounting hole 3 tops are diameter 25mm, high 24mm cylinder type tapped hole, and the bottom is a diameter 14mm cylindrical hole; The cylindrical hole of bottom and subsidiary combustion chamber 4 connect, and the natural gas injection valve is connected through thread seal with natural gas injection valve mounting hole; Swirl-chamber insert 6 external forms are stepped cylindrical structure; Cylindrical body by three different-diameters constitutes; Three cylindrical bodys are respectively high 6.5mm, diameter 36mm from top to bottom, high 8mm, diameter 32mm and high 8mm, diameter 40mm, and swirl-chamber insert 6 inside center are provided with the cylindrical hole 7 at top and the hemisphere type pit 8 that communicates with it; Cylindrical hole 7 diameters at top are 30mm, high 4mm; The diameter of hemisphere type pit 8 is 26mm, and swirl-chamber insert 6 bases are provided with two circular hole passages, and one of them circular hole passage is for starting hole 9; Under its center line end distance insert vertical center line lower end 15mm, with the angle of vertical center line inserted be that 30 degree, diameter are 3mm; Another circular hole passage is vortex chamber's path 10, under its center line end distance insert vertical center line lower end 7mm, with the angle of vertical center line inserted be that 40 degree, diameter are 12mm, swirl-chamber insert 6 and engine cylinder cover 1 are fixed through interference fit.
Upper channel size and the aspect effect state that mixed gas air-flow motion state in the apical areola and the back flame that catches fire effluents that catches fire of inserting, rapid combustion has material impact to main combustion chamber.The injection valve mounting hole of rock gas and perfect combustion catalizer must be complementary with the channel size and the direction of swirl-chamber insert.Visible by aforesaid passage inclination angle; The interior air motion of subsidiary combustion chamber is for counterclockwise before catching fire; Theoretical and the correlation test research according to combustion in IC engine, should arrange the perfect combustion catalizer injection valve to arrange the natural gas injection valve more in the counterclockwise direction earlier is the best design that guarantees burning quality.The mounting point of rock gas shown in Figure 1 and combustion improver injection valve is a best of breed.
2) select engine compression ratio and thermal-protective material and coating thickness
According to the compression ignition engine working principle, engine compression ratio is to influence the important parameter that fuel pressure crouches the bad temper ability, and compression ratio numerical value is big; Compression terminal temperature is high; Fuel is being realized fire burns easily, but excessive compression ratio can consume more mechanical work, and influences cylinder fuel and motion and the mixing quality of air before catching fire; For this reason, should select suitable compression ratio according to different fuel physics and chemical property.The compression ratio of compression ignition natural gas engine is chosen to be 21 among this embodiment.
The spherical inner wall surface spraying zirconia ceramics in the vortex chamber, coating thickness 1.2 ㎜.
3) nozzle parameter of designing natural gas
The natural gas injection parameter comprises time for spraying, sprays quantity, jet pressure etc.Definite natural gas injection moment in-cylinder pressure that must guarantee of jet pressure is lower than gas pressure, is beneficial to rock gas and pours.It is corresponding with engine load to spray quantity, to guarantee stabilization of speed.Time for spraying is the important parameter that influences mixed gas branch in the cylinder.Time for spraying more early, in-cylinder mixture strength branch is even more, is unfavorable for the mixture strength layered arrangement; At the engine compresses starting period that catches fire, quantity of fuel is few, and mixed gas evenly distribution can make mixture strength rare excessively; Exceed inflammability limit, occur catching fire, so should delay the moment that rock gas begins to spray as far as possible; Make main and auxiliary combustor mixture strength different (concentration stratification), guarantee that subsidiary combustion chamber concentration in theoretical equivalent proportion scope, is convenient to compression ignition.
Among this embodiment; The natural gas injection valve is the SP serial gas injection valve that the red magnificent company in Guizhou produces, and the rock gas of injection 150 is write music and sprayed in the Shaft angle scope before compression top center, and jet pressure is 6.5Mpa; Air feed quantity is opened the endurance with injection valve and is counted 60-180 and write music in the Shaft angle scope; Select rock gas 150 degree before compression top center to spray, jet pressure 6.5Mpa is optimum scheme.
Through engine pedestal actual measurement, above-mentioned embodiment can guarantee the natural gas engine startup of normally catching fire.
Claims (5)
1. method that adopts injection valve to improve natural gas engine compression ignition performance; It is characterized in that: motor adopts main and auxiliary combustor's structure of high compression ratio; In subsidiary combustion chamber, spray thermal insulation ceramics and the natural gas injection valve is set; Spray rock gas at the compression stroke initial stage to subsidiary combustion chamber, make the subsidiary combustion chamber fuel at first fire burns, realize the effect of igniting to the main combustion chamber fuel.
2. improve the method for natural gas engine compression ignition performance according to the said employing injection valve of claim 1; It is characterized in that: the main and auxiliary combustor of said motor; Utilize the swirl combustion chamber of S195 diesel engine; Transform the eddy current subsidiary combustion chamber, engine cylinder covers the natural gas injection valve mounting hole that is provided with an inclination that is used to install the natural gas injection valve and communicates with subsidiary combustion chamber, between main combustion chamber and subsidiary combustion chamber, adopts the swirl-chamber insert that is provided with penetrating via simultaneously; The position of natural gas injection valve mounting hole is identical with the position of former diesel injector; The angle of the vertical center line of its center line and subsidiary combustion chamber is 20 degree, and natural gas injection valve mounting hole top is diameter 25mm, high 24mm cylinder type tapped hole, and the bottom is a diameter 14mm cylindrical hole; The cylindrical hole and the subsidiary combustion chamber of bottom connect, and the natural gas injection valve is connected through thread seal with natural gas injection valve mounting hole; The swirl-chamber insert external form is stepped cylindrical structure; Cylindrical body by three different-diameters constitutes; Three cylindrical bodys are respectively high 6.5mm, diameter 36mm from top to bottom, high 8mm, diameter 32mm and high 8mm, diameter 40mm, the swirl-chamber insert inside center be provided with the cylindrical hole at top and the hemisphere type vortex chamber that communicates with it at the bottom of; The cylindrical hole diameter at top is 30mm, high 4mm; Diameter at the bottom of the hemisphere type vortex chamber is 26mm, and the swirl-chamber insert base is provided with two circular hole passages, and one of them circular hole passage is for starting the hole; Under its center line end distance insert vertical center line lower end 15mm, with the angle of vertical center line inserted be that 30 degree, diameter are 3mm; Another circular hole passage is vortex chamber's passage, under its center line end distance insert vertical center line lower end 7mm, with the angle of vertical center line inserted be that 40 degree, diameter are 8-12mm, swirl-chamber insert and engine cylinder cover are fixed through interference fit.
3. improve the method for natural gas engine compression ignition performance according to the said employing injection valve of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the compression ratio of said motor is 19-21.
4. improve the method for natural gas engine compression ignition performance according to the said employing injection valve of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said thermal insulation ceramics is a zirconia ceramics, and coating thickness is 1.2 ㎜.
5. improve the method for natural gas engine compression ignition performance according to the said employing injection valve of claim 1; It is characterized in that: said natural gas injection valve is the SP serial gas injection valve that the red magnificent company in Guizhou produces; The rock gas 180-120 before compression top center that sprays writes music and sprays in the Shaft angle scope; Jet pressure is 5.5-6.5Mpa, and air feed quantity is opened the endurance with injection valve and counted 60-180 and write music in the Shaft angle scope.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112937278A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-11 | 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 | Air energy heat insulation external combustion power system and driving method |
CN116608071A (en) * | 2023-05-23 | 2023-08-18 | 江苏大学 | Jet ignition type methanol engine combustion system |
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US4156414A (en) * | 1977-01-20 | 1979-05-29 | Isuzu Motors Limited | Exhaust gas purifying device for internal combustion engine with auxiliary combustion chamber |
US4966103A (en) * | 1989-11-09 | 1990-10-30 | Cooper Industries, Inc. | Combustion system for dual fuel engine |
CN1605727A (en) * | 2004-11-16 | 2005-04-13 | 天津大学 | Combustion system of compressed ignition gaseous propellant engine and composite air supply method thereof |
CN101655029A (en) * | 2009-10-09 | 2010-02-24 | 大连理工大学 | Vortex chamber combustion system utilizing umbrella-shaped spray |
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- 2011-11-04 CN CN2011103436019A patent/CN102425484A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4156414A (en) * | 1977-01-20 | 1979-05-29 | Isuzu Motors Limited | Exhaust gas purifying device for internal combustion engine with auxiliary combustion chamber |
US4966103A (en) * | 1989-11-09 | 1990-10-30 | Cooper Industries, Inc. | Combustion system for dual fuel engine |
CN1605727A (en) * | 2004-11-16 | 2005-04-13 | 天津大学 | Combustion system of compressed ignition gaseous propellant engine and composite air supply method thereof |
CN101655029A (en) * | 2009-10-09 | 2010-02-24 | 大连理工大学 | Vortex chamber combustion system utilizing umbrella-shaped spray |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112937278A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-11 | 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 | Air energy heat insulation external combustion power system and driving method |
CN116608071A (en) * | 2023-05-23 | 2023-08-18 | 江苏大学 | Jet ignition type methanol engine combustion system |
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Application publication date: 20120425 |