CN102425307A - Casting method for avoiding formation of mass concrete cracks - Google Patents
Casting method for avoiding formation of mass concrete cracks Download PDFInfo
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- CN102425307A CN102425307A CN201110318321.2A CN201110318321A CN102425307A CN 102425307 A CN102425307 A CN 102425307A CN 201110318321 A CN201110318321 A CN 201110318321A CN 102425307 A CN102425307 A CN 102425307A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a casting method for avoiding formation of mass concrete cracks, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) dividing the region of the concrete to be cast into multiple blocks, wherein a separation seam is formed between every two blocks; (2) flattening the base; (3) in a casting process, sequentially casting from a lower layer to an upper layer by adopting a layered casting method, wherein the thickness of each layer does not exceed 500mm, the casting time between adjacent layers does not exceed 2 hours, and the construction temperature is not lower than the steady temperature in the concrete usage period; (4) curing: covering heat-insulating materials after the concrete is cast for 12 hours so as to control the difference between the internal temperature and surface temperature of the concrete within 25 DEG C; and (5) curing for half a month, and then filling the separation seams. Aiming at the cause of formation of cracks, the casting method for avoiding formation of mass concrete cracks, which is disclosed by the invention, ensures the temperature and humidity required by cement in a hydration process through block casting and temperature controlling processes, thereby greatly avoiding the formation of cracks.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of concrete casting method, especially relate to a kind of concreting method of avoiding the concrete in mass crack to form, belong to technical field of building construction.
Background technology
In building construction process, concrete crack is comparatively general, and especially more outstanding for the crack of big volume, although in work progress, can adopt various measures, the crack still can occur now and then.The formation of distress in concrete mainly contains the reason of the following aspects:
1. temperature factor: cement is emitted a large amount of heats of hydration during the hardening of concrete, and internal temperature constantly rises, and causes tensile stress on the surface; Later stage is in temperature-fall period; Receive basis or original concrete constraint, can tensile stress occur at inside concrete, a little outside; The reduction of temperature also can produce very big tensile stress at concrete surface, when tensile stress exceeds concrete anti-crack ability, just has the crack and produces.
2. humidity factor: because that inside concrete humidity changes is less, and concrete surface humidity changes greatly, if the improper surperficial drying shrinkage deformation of maintenance process receives inner concrete constraint, causes the crack to produce.
3. material factor: concrete is a kind of fragile material, because raw material is inhomogeneous, water/binder ratio is improper, and the segregation phenomenon in the architectural process, and its tensile strength is again uneven in same block concrete, and going out is the major reason that the crack forms.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is how in the process of concreting, especially in building the process of concrete in mass, prevents the formation in crack, guarantees the safety of construction quality and building.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above the present invention a kind of casting method of avoiding the concrete in mass crack to form is provided, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) will wait to build concrete zone and be divided into polylith, have partitioning slot between every;
2) basis is done flat;
3) method of employing placement layer by layer in the process of building, every layer thickness is no more than 500mm, is built successively by lower floor to upper strata, and the adjacent layer time of building is no more than 2 hours, and construction temperature is not less than the equilibrium temperature of concrete operating period;
4) maintenance: covering insulation material behind 12 hours after the concreting is controlled in 25 ℃ concrete internal temperature and surface temperature difference;
5) the maintenance two weeks is filled out the embedding processing to partitioning slot,
In said step 3), concrete raw material is a kind of in following two kinds:
First kind: cement (PO42.5): medium sand (5-25mm): stone: tap water: flyash: expansion agent: 300 (wherein meticulous breeze is 30): 765:1045:180:50:30, unit are kg;
Second kind: cement (PO42.5): medium sand (5-25mm): stone: tap water: flyash: expansion agent: 301 (wherein meticulous breeze is 30): 740:1055:170:75:45, unit are kg.
The casting method of avoiding the concrete in mass crack to form of the present invention, to the origin cause of formation in crack, the process through block placement and control temperature guarantees cement needed temperature and humidity in hydration process, has avoided the formation in crack to a great extent.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of partitioning slot of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sketch map of point for measuring temperature of the temp measuring system of concrete in mass of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the fixed installation position view of the temperature pick up of the temp measuring system among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the encapsulation sketch map of the temperature pick up among the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.
1) will wait to build concrete zone and be divided into polylith, have partitioning slot between every;
2) basis is done flat, excessive for avoiding the basis to rise and fall, make the inside concrete stress distribution inhomogeneous.
3) in the process of building, adopt the method for placement layer by layer, built successively by lower floor to upper strata, every layer thickness is no more than 500mm, begins to build from bottom earlier, later builds top one deck again after carrying out 5 meters, and the adjacent layer time of building is no more than 2 hours, builds so forward.The mode of building of this layering promptly is to reduce to build thickness, utilizes and builds the aspect heat radiation.
In the requirement of vibrating, vibrating head will be straight up and down, and fast inserting pulled out slowly; Inserting the some form is housing in row, and inserting the some distance is about 450mm, and every some vibrating time is 20-30S; Concrete is still can plasticity closed behind the secondary vibration, otherwise does not vibrate next time, and inserting point is about 150mm apart from the template place.
It also is the important measures that reduce its surface compressed crack, control base plate absolute altitude and planeness that the receipts head of concreting is handled; Therefore when casting and compacting of concrete to absolute altitude, will make long floating rule wipes unnecessary laitance off; After iron roller roll extrusion 2-3 time, tie with wooden crab again; A time of receipts is held in support, makes to shrink to split fluffy closure.
4) selection of concrete material:
Cement: for avoiding the concrete in mass and the heat of hydration, in cement, mix the ordinary portland cement of the meticulous breeze of some, mix the flyash and the high efficiency water reducing agent of some simultaneously; To reduce the consumption of cement; Promptly practice thrift cement and improved concrete workability again, the technology of pumping of concrete is guaranteed, reduced the hydrated cementitious heat in the unit volume concrete greatly; Make concrete intensification peak value controlled, guarantee that the temperature difference between inside and outside concrete value is not more than 25 ℃.
Sand: select coarse sand for use, fineness modulus is more than 2.4, and mud content is not more than 2.5%.
Stone: selecting particle diameter for use is the high-quality coarse aggregate of 5-31.5mm, and mud content is not more than 1%, and coarse aggregate size increases, and also can reduce the consumption of cement.
Crack resistance type waterproof agent: the slightly expanded concrete of selecting the compensate for shrinkage effect of tool for use; After building moulding; Under the synergy of reinforcing bar, can obtain 0.2-0.8PMA from stress, can select HEA expansion anti-crack water-proof agent for use, use the crack resistance type waterproof agent can make the concrete water amount reduce 25%; Admixture crack resistance type waterproof agent can reduce by 15% cement consumption under the condition that keeps concrete strength simultaneously, and its volume increase replenishes with the aggregate consumption; The crack resistance type waterproof agent can improve the denseness of cement paste in addition, reduces concrete water bleeding, reduces the distortion of shrinking; Improve the adhesion stress of cement paste and aggregate; Improve crack-resistant performance of concrete, can effectively improve concrete tensile strength simultaneously, increase substantially concrete cracking resistance.
In sum, the raw material that is applied to concrete in mass can carry out proportioning in following composition and ratio:
First kind: cement (PO42.5): medium sand (5-25mm): stone: tap water: flyash: expansion agent (HEA): 300 (wherein meticulous breeze is 30): 765:1045:180:50:30; Unit is kg.
Second kind: cement (PO42.5): medium sand (5-25mm): stone: tap water: flyash: expansion agent (HEA): 301 (wherein meticulous breeze is 30): 740:1055:170:75:45; Unit is kg.
The present invention can reduce the usage ratio of cement through above-mentioned batching, and water-cooled water cools off rubble when the mix concrete simultaneously, to reduce the concrete temperature of building.
From the thermal stresses viewpoint, construction temperature is not less than the equilibrium temperature of concrete operating period, prevents the concrete supercool.
4) maintenance: in the maintenance stage; Thermal stresses forms mainly the stage in early days, just begin to finish basically to the cement heat release from concreting, generally 30 open about; In this stage; Cement is emitted a large amount of heats of hydration, and the rapid increase of modulus of elasticity of concrete forms residual stress in concrete in addition.So covering insulation material behind 12 hours after the concreting is controlled in 25 ℃ concrete internal temperature and surface temperature difference, and the temperature variations that records according to temp measuring system adjustment insulation layer thickness;
5) the maintenance two weeks is filled out the embedding processing to partitioning slot, specifically may further comprise the steps:
51) in partitioning slot, fill out embedding masonry mortar 2;
52) with elastic reactance crack putty 3 that the partitioning slot embedding is full, the wide gauze wire cloth of one deck 100mm 4, expanded metal lath or cracking resistance bar dowel are set at the sealing place strengthen;
53) build leveling layer 5.
Fig. 2 is the sketch map of point for measuring temperature of the temp measuring system of concrete in mass of the present invention; Temp measuring system of the present invention is according to the actual conditions of the distribution of Temperature Field in Bulky Concrete; Be provided with three points for measuring temperature in upper, middle and lower at same vertical section; The top point for measuring temperature is 200mm apart from concrete 1 upper surface, and the middle part point for measuring temperature is positioned at the mid point of concrete overall height, and the bottom point for measuring temperature is apart from concrete bottom 200mm.
Fig. 3 is the fixed installation position view of the temperature pick up of the temp measuring system among the present invention; Among the present invention; Temperature pick up 6 is outer to twine insulating tapes 8, and is fixed on through iron wire 9 on the steel mesh reinforcement 7 of inside concrete or in the channel-section steel, prevents the concrete or the vibrating head displacement of being watered or destroys.
Fig. 4 is the encapsulation sketch map of the temperature pick up among the present invention; Among the present invention, according to the requirement of concrete wet environment, temperature pick up can be selected Cu50 thermally sensitive temperature sensor for use; Comprise the copper heat sensor; The information feeder line is welded on an end of copper heat sensor, is with plastic sleeve outside the information feeder line 11, and encapsulated epoxy resin 10 in plastic sleeve.The information feeder line is connected to supervisory control comuter through data switching exchane, shows monitored data with graph mode on computers.
In the process of estimating measurement be: test monitoring began to carry out building to finish in back 24 hours, at preceding 7 days, every at a distance from 2 hours thermometrics once; Later 7 days; Whenever once, 14 days later on whenever at a distance from 6 hours thermometrics once, if the temperature difference at top and middle part is above 25 ℃ at a distance from 4 hours thermometrics; Then add thick insulation layer, the control temperature difference.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not the present invention is done any pro forma restriction; Though the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment; Yet be not in order to limiting the present invention, anyly be familiar with the professional and technical personnel, in not breaking away from technical scheme scope of the present invention; When the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement capable of using is made a little change or is modified to the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations; In every case be the content that does not break away from technical scheme of the present invention, to any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment did, all still belong in the scope of technical scheme of the present invention according to technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a casting method of avoiding the concrete in mass crack to form is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) will wait to build concrete zone and be divided into polylith, have partitioning slot between every;
2) basis is done flat;
3) method of employing placement layer by layer in the process of building, every layer thickness is no more than 500mm, is built successively by lower floor to upper strata, and the adjacent layer time of building is no more than 2 hours, and construction temperature is not less than the equilibrium temperature of concrete operating period;
4) maintenance: covering insulation material behind 12 hours after the concreting is controlled in 25 ℃ concrete internal temperature and surface temperature difference;
5) the maintenance two weeks is filled out the embedding processing to partitioning slot,
In said step 3), concrete raw material is a kind of in following two kinds:
First kind: cement (PO42.5): medium sand (5-25mm): stone: tap water: flyash: expansion agent: 300 (wherein meticulous breeze is 30): 765:1045:180:50:30, unit are kg;
Second kind: cement (PO42.5): medium sand (5-25mm): stone: tap water: flyash: expansion agent: 301 (wherein meticulous breeze is 30): 740:1055:170:75:45, unit are kg.
2. the casting method of avoiding the concrete in mass crack to form according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in said step 5), specifically may further comprise the steps:
51) in partitioning slot, fill out the embedding masonry mortar;
52) with the elastic reactance crack putty that the partitioning slot embedding is full, the wide gauze wire cloth of one deck 100mm, expanded metal lath or cracking resistance bar dowel are set at the sealing place strengthen;
53) build leveling layer.
3. the casting method of avoiding the concrete in mass crack to form according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: in said step 4); Utilize temp measuring system that concrete internal temperature is measured, be provided with three points for measuring temperature in upper, middle and lower at same vertical section, the top point for measuring temperature is 200mm apart from the concrete upper surface; The middle part point for measuring temperature is positioned at the mid point of concrete overall height, and the bottom point for measuring temperature is apart from concrete bottom 200mm.
4. the casting method of avoiding the concrete in mass crack to form according to claim 3; It is characterized in that: temp measuring system comprises temperature pick up; Temperature pick up twines insulating tape outward, and is fixed on through iron wire on the steel mesh reinforcement of inside concrete or in the channel-section steel.
5. the casting method of avoiding the concrete in mass crack to form according to claim 3; It is characterized in that: said temperature pick up is a Cu50 thermally sensitive temperature sensor, comprises the copper heat sensor, and the information feeder line is welded on an end of copper heat sensor; The information feeder line is with plastic sleeve outward; Encapsulated epoxy resin in plastic sleeve, the information feeder line is connected to supervisory control comuter through data switching exchane, shows monitored data with graph mode on computers.
6. the casting method of avoiding the concrete in mass crack to form according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the temperature survey process of temp measuring system is: the test monitoring began to carry out building to finish in back 24 hours, at preceding 7 days; Whenever once at a distance from 2 hours thermometrics; Later 7 days whenever at a distance from 4 hours thermometrics once, and 14 days later on whenever at a distance from 6 hours thermometrics once, if the temperature difference at top and middle part is above 25 ℃; Then add thick insulation layer, the control temperature difference.
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CN103510706A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2014-01-15 | 中国有色金属工业第六冶金建设有限公司 | Method for preventing fissures of large concrete pool |
WO2014139252A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Method for constructing large raft foundation in high-temperature environment |
CN104805935A (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2015-07-29 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Temperature monitoring based crack control method for wall body |
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CN107268856A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-10-20 | 江苏师范大学 | Controllable discharges the device and construction method of Overlong Concrete Structure temperature and shrinkage stress |
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CN103485370A (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2014-01-01 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Concrete construction control method for preventing harmful cracks of wallboard |
CN103485370B (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2016-01-06 | 国网上海市电力公司 | A kind of concrete construction control method preventing wallboard harmful cracks |
CN104805935A (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2015-07-29 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Temperature monitoring based crack control method for wall body |
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CN109723219A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-05-07 | 武汉一冶建筑安装工程有限责任公司 | The method that high low grade mass concrete pours simultaneously |
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