CN102424003A - Parallel control system for recovering brake energy of electric bus and control method thereof - Google Patents
Parallel control system for recovering brake energy of electric bus and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102424003A CN102424003A CN2011103237763A CN201110323776A CN102424003A CN 102424003 A CN102424003 A CN 102424003A CN 2011103237763 A CN2011103237763 A CN 2011103237763A CN 201110323776 A CN201110323776 A CN 201110323776A CN 102424003 A CN102424003 A CN 102424003A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a parallel control system for recovering brake energy of an electric bus and a control method thereof, which belong to the field of electric bus brake energy recovery. The parallel control system consists of a mechanical brake system and a motor brake system, wherein the mechanical brake system comprises a front wheel brake and a rear wheel brake, the front wheel brake is a front wheel brake gas storage tank and is connected with a brake pedal control valve through a front wheel brake pipe, and a rear brake combination valve is connected with a relay valve through a rear brake pipe; and the motor brake system is controlled by a driving motor controller. The parallel control system for the electric bus is an improved asynchronous parallel brake control strategy, the front section of the whole stroke of a brake pedal is a pure motor driven stroke, and the rear section is a stroke combining pure motor brake and front and rear mechanical brake; and thus, a same distribution curve of front and rear brake forces as that of the original base model is obtained, and a same brake feeling is ensured in the whole SOC (System on Chip) range of a power battery or a super capacitor.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to braking energy of electric automobiles and reclaim scope, particularly a kind of electric bus braking energy reclaims parallel control system and control method thereof.
Background technology
It is a huge advantage of electronlmobil that braking energy reclaims, and this is for the economy that improves electric bus, and it is significant to improve capacity usage ratio.It is one of key factor that influences the braking energy recovering effect that the electric bus braking energy reclaims control policy.Adopt at present braking energy to reclaim control policy and mainly comprise two types of series connection control and parallel control.The series connection control policy is a kind of closed loop control system; Need to adopt electric brake system to realize dynamic adjustments to antero posterior axis mechanical braking power; Thereby for motor braking provides more opportunity; Can realize the highest braking energy organic efficiency in theory; But receive the restriction of the factors such as power capability restriction of brake safe, drive motor and electrokinetic cell, its actual braking energy is recycled potentiality and is often had a greatly reduced quality, and has increased the complexity and the car load cost of development of electric bus control system for the needed electric brake system of policy control of realizing connecting.Parallel controlling schemes is a kind of open loop control system, its major advantage be simple in structure, cost is low; Major defect is owing to always have friction braking in action, can exert an influence to the braking energy organic efficiency.If but carried out customized design to the operating condition of electric bus, even electric bus would adopt parallelly connected control of braking strategy also can obtain higher braking energy organic efficiency.
Parallel connection control of braking strategy has kept the major part of all conventional mechanical brake system; It can maybe will not be equipped with the abs braking system; Its characteristics are that only motor braking power is controlled, and mechanical braking power was controlled through brake pedal by chaufeur before ABS begins to work.
Two kinds of parallel control of braking strategies that adopt on the electric bus at present are respectively simple parallel connection and asynchronous parallel control strategy, and its brakig force distribution strategy is as shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 2 has provided the brakig force distribution curve of above-mentioned two kinds of parallel control strategies, from figure, finds out that the brakig force distribution curve of two kinds of control policies all is positioned at the top of I curve, and this requires brakig force distribution is less-than-ideal.
Has important Practical significance so solve the problem that exists in the parallel control strategy brakig force distribution.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of electric bus braking energy and reclaim parallel control system and control method thereof.
A kind of electric bus braking energy reclaims parallel control system, it is characterized in that, said parallel control system is made up of the muscular energy brake system motor braking system two parts of unifying; Said mechanical braking sytem comprises front wheel brake and trailing wheel braking two parts; Front wheel brake is that front wheel brake storage tank 2 is connected with braking pin control cock 4 through front wheel brake first pipeline 3, and braking pin control cock 4 is connected with preceding compressed air brake cylinder 8 through front wheel brake second pipeline 7; The trailing wheel braking connects braking pin control cock 4 and relay valve 17 for trailing wheel braking storage tank 1 respectively through back braking first pipeline 19; Braking pin control cock 4 is connected with back brake combination valve 10 through back braking second pipeline 9; Back brake combination valve 10 is connected with relay valve 17 through back braking the 3rd pipeline 16, and relay valve 17 is connected with trailing wheel compressed air brake cylinder 18 again; Said motor braking system is connected with drive motor 15, overload protective controller 12 and brake-pedal-travel sensor 5 respectively by drive motor controller 14, and overload protective controller 12 connects power consumption device 11 respectively and forms with power battery pack 13;
Said combine valve 10 is made up of sequence valve 22 and level pressure difference pressure-reducing valve 23 two parts; The input of sequence valve 22 connects 4 outputs of braking pin control cock, the passage internal fixation order spring 25 and the order valve block 24 of sequence valve 22, and the output of sequence valve 22 connects the input of level pressure difference pressure-reducing valve 23; Level pressure difference pressure-reducing valve 23 is divided into A chamber and C chamber by level pressure diaphragm 27; A chamber internal fixation level pressure valve block 28, C chamber pressing spring 26 decided at the higher level but not officially announced, 28 times the right of level pressure valve block are the B chamber; Level pressure valve block 28 is connected with pull back spring 29 in the B chamber, and the B chamber communicates with front wheel brake second pipeline 7.
A kind of electric bus braking energy reclaims control method for parallel, it is characterized in that.It is the input air pressure p1 of braking pin control cock 4 to the sequence valve 22 of combine valve 10 that said electric bus braking energy reclaims the parallel control principle; And passing through order spring 25 and the A chamber of order valve block 24 controls towards level pressure difference pressure-reducing valve 23, the braking pressure p0 that force value p1 leads to front wheel brake second pipeline 7 postpones one section pedal stroke S
0After again output; The effect of level pressure difference pressure-reducing valve 23 is to make air pressure p2 towards trailing wheel compressed air brake cylinder 18 than the little Δ p of p1; Pull back spring 29 makes the level pressure valve block 28 of level pressure difference pressure-reducing valve under initial condition, keep certain aperture; After air pressure arrives the B chamber by the A chamber through level pressure valve block 28; Get into the C chamber through inner cavity, the spring force combined action of the pressure in C chamber and level pressure spring 26 is in the left side of level pressure diaphragm 27, and the pressure in A chamber acts on the right side of level pressure diaphragm 27; When diaphragm 27 is in state of equilibrium; Valve block 28 is closed, and just makes the pressure p 2 of leading to the trailing wheel brake piping than the little Δ p of p1, so just guarantees the little difference of trailing wheel mechanical braking force rate front-wheel mechanical braking power; This difference size is just corresponding with the maximum braking torque of motor, has so just guaranteed that electric bus car load front and back brakig force distribution relation under the rate of braking more than the 0.1g is consistent with former basic vehicle; Above-mentioned electric bus parallel control strategy is a kind of improved asynchronous system parallel connection control of braking strategy, and this strategy principal feature has:
1) leading portion of the total travel of brake pedal is " pure motor-driven " stroke, and back segment is " pure motor braking and front and back mechanical braking " combined schedule;
2) on the trailing wheel brake piping with sequence valve and level pressure difference pressure-reducing valve " obtain and the same front and back brakig force distribution curve of former basic vehicle when the mode of combine valve is implemented in rate of braking greater than 0.1g;
3) adopt the method for parallelly connected feedback power consumption device to guarantee conformability in electrokinetic cell battery or the full SOC scope of super capacitor inside brake sensation with electrokinetic cell.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that this improved asynchronous system parallel connection control of braking strategy is divided into brake pedal " pure motor-driven " stroke; Back segment is " pure motor braking and front and back mechanical braking " combined schedule, guarantees in little deceleration/decel scope, to let the many recuperated energies of motor braking as far as possible.Adopt the mode of combine valve to let the mechanical braking of trailing wheel postpone to work; So that the brakig force distribution curve turns back on the same front and back brakig force distribution curve of former basic vehicle; And the feedback power consumption device parallelly connected with electrokinetic cell guaranteed power battery pack and can not be overcharged; And the motor maximum braking torque is kept constant in any case, to keep the conformability of brake pedal feel.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. the controlling schemes of two kinds of parallel control strategies, wherein a is simple parallel control scheme, b is asynchronous parallel control scheme.
Fig. 2. simple parallel connection and asynchronous parallel control strategy brakig force distribution curve, wherein, a is simple parallel control strategy brakig force distribution curve, b is asynchronous parallel control strategy brakig force distribution curve.
Fig. 3 a is asynchronous parallel connection and rear axle overpressure control strategy curve; Fig. 3 b is the brakig force distribution curve of asynchronous parallel control scheme.
Fig. 4 electric bus parallel connection braking control system schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 does. rear brake duct road electric bus braking energy reclaims parallel control system and control method thereof.
The specific embodiment
The present invention proposes a kind of electric bus braking energy and reclaims parallel control system and control method thereof.
Explain below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Shown in Figure 4 is electric bus parallel connection braking control system schematic diagram, and among the figure, parallel control system is made up of the muscular energy brake system motor braking system two parts of unifying; Said mechanical braking sytem comprises front wheel brake and trailing wheel braking two parts; Front wheel brake is that front wheel brake storage tank 2 is connected with braking pin control cock 4 through front wheel brake first pipeline 3, and braking pin control cock 4 is connected with preceding compressed air brake cylinder 8 through front wheel brake second pipeline 7; The trailing wheel braking connects braking pin control cock 4 and relay valve 17 for trailing wheel braking storage tank 1 respectively through back braking first pipeline 19; Braking pin control cock 4 is connected with back brake combination valve 10 through back braking second pipeline 9; Back brake combination valve 10 is connected with relay valve 17 through back braking the 3rd pipeline 16, and relay valve 17 is connected with back compressed air brake cylinder 18 again; Said motor braking system is connected with drive motor 15, overload protective controller 12 and brake-pedal-travel sensor 5 respectively by drive motor controller 14, and overload protective controller 12 connects power consumption device 11 respectively and forms with power battery pack 13.
Combine valve schematic diagram for adopting on the trailing wheel brake piping shown in Figure 5.Combine valve 10 is formed (shown in Fig. 5 a) by sequence valve 22 and level pressure difference pressure-reducing valve 23 two parts; The input of sequence valve 22 connects 4 outputs of braking pin control cock, the passage internal fixation order spring 25 and the order valve block 24 of sequence valve 22, and the output of sequence valve 22 connects the input of level pressure difference pressure-reducing valve 23; Level pressure difference pressure-reducing valve 23 is divided into A chamber and C chamber by level pressure diaphragm 27; A chamber internal fixation level pressure valve block 28, C chamber pressing spring 26 decided at the higher level but not officially announced, 28 times the right of level pressure valve block are the B chamber; Level pressure valve block 28 is connected with pull back spring 29 in the B chamber, B chamber communicate with front wheel brake second pipeline 7 (shown in Fig. 5 b).The rear brake duct road output pressure p1 that is input as braking pin control cock 4 of sequence valve 22 can control towards the force value p1 of level pressure difference pressure-reducing valve 23 with order valve block 24 through order spring 25 and to postpone one section pedal stroke S than the braking pressure p0 that leads to front wheel brake second pipeline 7
0Output again after (shown in Fig. 5 c).The effect of level pressure difference pressure-reducing valve 23 is to make air pressure p2 towards the trailing wheel compressed air brake cylinder than the little Δ p of p1 (shown in Fig. 5 c); Pull back spring 29 makes the level pressure valve block 28 of level pressure difference pressure-reducing valve under initial condition, keep certain aperture; After air pressure arrives the B chamber by the A chamber through level pressure valve block 28; Get into the C chamber through inner cavity, the spring force combined action of the pressure in C chamber and level pressure spring 26 is in the left side of level pressure diaphragm 27, and the pressure in A chamber acts on the right side of diaphragm 27; When level pressure diaphragm 27 is in state of equilibrium; Level pressure valve block 28 is closed, and just makes the pressure p 2 of leading to the trailing wheel brake piping than the little Δ p of p1, so just guarantees the little difference of trailing wheel mechanical braking force rate front-wheel mechanical braking power; This difference size is just corresponding with the maximum braking torque of motor, and car load front and back brakig force distribution relation is consistent with former basic vehicle down at big rate of braking (more than the 0.1g) so just to have guaranteed electric bus.In order to solve the problem that exists in the electric bus parallel control strategy brakig force distribution, the present invention proposes a kind of asynchronous parallel connection and add rear axle overpressure control strategy (shown in Fig. 3 a), this strategy principal feature has:
1) leading portion of the total travel of brake pedal is " pure motor-driven " stroke, and back segment is " pure motor braking and front and back mechanical braking " combined schedule;
2) on the trailing wheel brake piping with sequence valve and level pressure difference pressure-reducing valve " obtain and the same front and back brakig force distribution curve (shown in Fig. 3 a) of former basic vehicle when the mode of combine valve is implemented in rate of braking greater than 0.1g;
3) adopt the method for parallelly connected feedback power consumption device to guarantee conformability in electrokinetic cell battery or the full SOC scope of super capacitor inside brake sensation with electrokinetic cell.
Conclusion is got up, and brake pedal is divided into " pure motor braking " stroke and " motor braking+mechanical braking " stroke and guarantees in little deceleration/decel scope, to let the many recuperated energies of motor braking as far as possible.Adopt the mode of combine valve to let the mechanical braking of trailing wheel postpone to work, so that the brakig force distribution curve turns back to (shown in Fig. 3 b) on the former β line.And the feedback power consumption device parallelly connected with electrokinetic cell guarantees that power battery pack can not be overcharged and the motor maximum braking torque keep in any case constant, to keep the conformability of brake pedal feel.
Claims (3)
1. an electric bus braking energy reclaims parallel control system, it is characterized in that, said parallel control system is made up of the muscular energy brake system motor braking system two parts of unifying; Said mechanical braking sytem comprises front wheel brake and trailing wheel braking two parts; Front wheel brake is that front wheel brake storage tank (2) is connected with braking pin control cock (4) through front wheel brake first pipeline (3), and braking pin control cock (4) is connected with preceding compressed air brake cylinder (8) through front wheel brake second pipeline (7); The trailing wheel braking connects braking pin control cock (4) and relay valve (17) for trailing wheel braking storage tank (1) respectively through back braking first pipeline (19); Braking pin control cock (4) is connected with back brake combination valve (10) through back braking second pipeline (9); Back brake combination valve (10) is connected with relay valve (17) through back braking the 3rd pipeline (16), and relay valve (17) is connected with trailing wheel compressed air brake cylinder (18) again; Said motor braking system is connected with drive motor (15), overload protective controller (12) and brake-pedal-travel sensor (5) respectively by drive motor controller (14), and overload protective controller (12) connects power consumption device (11) respectively and power battery pack (13) is formed.
2. reclaim parallel control system according to the said electric bus braking energy of claim 1; It is characterized in that said combine valve (10) is made up of sequence valve (22) and level pressure difference pressure-reducing valve (23) two parts, the input of sequence valve (22) connects braking pin control cock (4) output; The passage internal fixation order spring (25) of sequence valve (22) and order valve block (24); The output of sequence valve (22) connects the input of level pressure difference pressure-reducing valve (23), and level pressure difference pressure-reducing valve (23) is divided into A chamber and C chamber by level pressure diaphragm (27), A chamber internal fixation level pressure valve block (28); C chamber pressing spring decided at the higher level but not officially announced (26); It is the B chamber that level pressure valve block (28) goes back to the right, and level pressure valve block (28) is connected with pull back spring (29) in the B chamber, and the B chamber communicates with front wheel brake second pipeline (7).
3. an electric bus braking energy reclaims control method for parallel; It is characterized in that; It is the input air pressure p1 of braking pin control cock (4) to the sequence valve (22) of combine valve (10) that said electric bus braking energy reclaims the parallel control principle; And through spring (25) and order valve block (24) control are towards the A chamber of level pressure difference pressure-reducing valve (23) in proper order, force value p1 leads to one section pedal stroke S of braking pressure p0 delay of front wheel brake second pipeline (7)
0After again output; The effect of level pressure difference pressure-reducing valve (23) is to make air pressure p2 towards trailing wheel compressed air brake cylinder (18) than the little Δ p of p1; Pull back spring (29) makes the level pressure valve block (28) of level pressure difference pressure-reducing valve under initial condition, keep certain aperture; After air pressure arrives the B chamber by the A chamber through level pressure valve block (28); Get into the C chamber through inner cavity, the spring force combined action of the pressure in C chamber and level pressure spring (26) is in the left side of level pressure diaphragm (27), and the pressure in A chamber acts on the right side of level pressure diaphragm (27); When diaphragm (27) when being in state of equilibrium; Valve block (28) is closed, and just makes the pressure p 2 of leading to the trailing wheel brake piping than the little Δ p of p1, so just guarantees the little difference of trailing wheel mechanical braking force rate front-wheel mechanical braking power; This difference size is just corresponding with the maximum braking torque of motor, has so just guaranteed that electric bus car load front and back brakig force distribution relation under the rate of braking more than the 0.1g is consistent with former basic vehicle; Above-mentioned electric bus parallel control strategy is a kind of improved asynchronous system parallel connection control of braking strategy, and this strategy principal feature has:
1) leading portion of the total travel of brake pedal is " pure motor-driven " stroke, and back segment is " pure motor braking and front and back mechanical braking " combined schedule;
2) on the trailing wheel brake piping with sequence valve and level pressure difference pressure-reducing valve, obtain when the mode of combine valve is implemented in rate of braking greater than 0.1g and the same front and back brakig force distribution curve of former basic vehicle;
3) adopt the method for parallelly connected feedback power consumption device to guarantee conformability in electrokinetic cell battery or the full SOC scope of super capacitor inside brake sensation with electrokinetic cell.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110323776.3A CN102424003B (en) | 2011-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | Parallel control system for recovering brake energy of electric bus and control method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110323776.3A CN102424003B (en) | 2011-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | Parallel control system for recovering brake energy of electric bus and control method thereof |
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| CN102424003A true CN102424003A (en) | 2012-04-25 |
| CN102424003B CN102424003B (en) | 2014-04-02 |
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| CN201110323776.3A Expired - Fee Related CN102424003B (en) | 2011-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | Parallel control system for recovering brake energy of electric bus and control method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106994905A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-08-01 | 郑州大学 | A kind of regenerative brake system of hybrid bus control strategy |
| CN107885953A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-06 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Idle stroke stage motor braking speed calibration method based on energy recovery rate |
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| US5378053A (en) * | 1993-12-07 | 1995-01-03 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Maximized regenerative braking vehicle braking controller |
| DE4327206A1 (en) * | 1993-08-13 | 1995-02-16 | Teves Gmbh Alfred | Anti-lock brake system for motor vehicles with electric drive |
| US5399000A (en) * | 1991-12-05 | 1995-03-21 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Brake system in electric vehicle |
| CN1699098A (en) * | 2005-06-13 | 2005-11-23 | 王庭义 | Synchronous air brake system controlled by electric current |
| CN1923559A (en) * | 2006-10-08 | 2007-03-07 | 清华大学 | Composite braking system for electric automobile |
| CN202278994U (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-06-20 | 清华大学 | Parallel control system for braking energy recovery of electric bus |
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2011
- 2011-10-21 CN CN201110323776.3A patent/CN102424003B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5399000A (en) * | 1991-12-05 | 1995-03-21 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Brake system in electric vehicle |
| DE4327206A1 (en) * | 1993-08-13 | 1995-02-16 | Teves Gmbh Alfred | Anti-lock brake system for motor vehicles with electric drive |
| US5378053A (en) * | 1993-12-07 | 1995-01-03 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Maximized regenerative braking vehicle braking controller |
| CN1699098A (en) * | 2005-06-13 | 2005-11-23 | 王庭义 | Synchronous air brake system controlled by electric current |
| CN1923559A (en) * | 2006-10-08 | 2007-03-07 | 清华大学 | Composite braking system for electric automobile |
| CN202278994U (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-06-20 | 清华大学 | Parallel control system for braking energy recovery of electric bus |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106994905A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-08-01 | 郑州大学 | A kind of regenerative brake system of hybrid bus control strategy |
| CN107885953A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-06 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Idle stroke stage motor braking speed calibration method based on energy recovery rate |
| CN107885953B (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2021-05-28 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Idle stroke stage motor braking speed calibration method based on energy recovery rate |
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