CN102424000A - Automatic variable-ratio active wheel - Google Patents
Automatic variable-ratio active wheel Download PDFInfo
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- CN102424000A CN102424000A CN2011103087200A CN201110308720A CN102424000A CN 102424000 A CN102424000 A CN 102424000A CN 2011103087200 A CN2011103087200 A CN 2011103087200A CN 201110308720 A CN201110308720 A CN 201110308720A CN 102424000 A CN102424000 A CN 102424000A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic variable-ratio active wheel which comprises a tire body, wherein an electromotor spindle, a rotor, a stator and at least one speed change auxiliary shaft are arranged in the tire body; at least two gear sets consisting of a driving gear and a driven gear and having different speed ratios are arranged between the electromotor spindle and the speed change auxiliary shaft; a low-speed driving gear in the driving gear is fixedly connected with the rotor; an automatic shift clutch is connected between a high-speed driving gear and the rotor; a single overrunning clutch is connected between the low-speed driven gear and the speed change auxiliary shaft; the speed change auxiliary shaft is also provided with an energy recovery low-speed charge forced meshing device and a reduction gear; the reduction gear is connected with an output gear; and the output gear is connected with a controllable single sliding clutch fixed in the tire body. The automatic variable-ratio active wheel has light weight, low cost and long service life, can prevent high-rate discharge of an electromotor battery and overload of the electromotor, and can realize self-charging operation at a multiplied speed during downward sliding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric automobiles, particularly relate to a kind of automated variable speed ratio adhesion wheel.
Background technology
Existing electric vehicle hub electrical motor generally all is made up of coil, rotor, stator, Hall, main shaft, motor casing.Actual condition of service through for many years gets off, and wheel hub electric motor has low noise, advantage such as pollution-free, easy to use.Traditional wheel hub electric motor is intrinsic defeated ratio, and no speed change, brushless, permanently have the Hall electrical motor.Because electrical motor is intrinsic defeated ratio, use to have limitation, only be adapted at region of no relief and use, in the face of powerless fully than steep gradient.Yet in the face of today of scientific and technological develop rapidly; Because the ubiquity of overhead road of city, oneself subterranean room; The battery-driven car deposit position transforms to subterranean room from the garage in the 1st building; Nowadays the ramp of minority has also appearred in region of no relief in the past at present, and city intersection generally all is 8 ° gentle slope, and traditional wheel hub electric motor is inadequate still can be passed through under the situation that a people goes.In the process of passing through, electrical motor is overload automatically, big electric current output, and the cost that this institute will pay is exactly the service life of shortening electrical motor, battery and controller; In the face of subterranean room, even electromotor overload is also powerless.Have the Hall electrical motor in the process of overload and easily, Hall shine into injury, if Hall damage electrical motor just can not normal operation, the open circuit of Hall and short circuit are the major causes of electrical motor, account for about 90% of motor fault rate.
For climbing the bigger slope of angle, need big electric current produce big torque, this will cause following serious consequence: 1) big electric current will produce impacts to storage battery, influence its cycle life, severe patient battery use 1-2 after individual month performance descend the out of reach operating needs greatly.This is the problem of battery seemingly apparently, but its root is at electrical motor and controller.This phenomenon in the industry cycle occurs at present, must arouse attention; 2) big electric current improves the requirement of controller, if do not increase the electric current allowance of power tube, then controller is prone to burnt out, and causes fault, has reduced reliability, if increase the electric current allowance, the controller cost increases; 3) reduced continual mileage of charging; 4) the electrical motor internal loss increases, and is prone to cause the heat demagnetization and the rush of current demagnetization of permanent magnet, and then makes the work efficiency of electrical motor reduce more power consumption.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that the present invention mainly solves provide a kind of in light weight, cost is low, long service life, no Hall start; Can prevent motor battery heavy-current discharge electromotor overload; Adaptive automatic gear shifting is realized variable-speed ratio output, and downhill running is the automated variable speed ratio adhesion wheel of fast self-charging doubly.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above; The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of automated variable speed ratio adhesion wheel is provided; Comprise tire body, be provided with motor main shaft, rotor, stator and at least one counter shaft in the tire body, said stator is captiveed joint with motor main shaft; Be provided with the gear cluster of forming by driving gear and driven gear of the different speed ratios of at least two groups between said motor main shaft and the counter shaft; Said driving gear is arranged on the motor main shaft, and said driven gear is arranged on the counter shaft, and the low-speed active gear in the said driving gear is captiveed joint with rotor; Be connected with the self shifter power-transfer clutch between high speed driving gear and the rotor; High speed driven gear in the said driven gear is captiveed joint with counter shaft, is connected with the individual event overriding clutch between low speed driven gear and the counter shaft, also is provided with the charging of energy recovery low speed on the said counter shaft and forces gear clutch and reducing gear; Said reducing gear is connected with output gear, and the said output gear controlled individual event coarst clutch interior with being fixed on tire body is connected.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, the type of attachment between the said gear cluster is that parallel axis arrangement connects or planetary wheel connects.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, said tire body comprises the inner tube of a tyre, the cover tire on wheel hub, the wheel hub and is arranged on left end cap, the right end cap of wheel hub both sides.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, said controlled individual event coarst clutch is fixed on the right end cap inboard.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, said right end cap one end is connected with the disc brake brake disc.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, said self shifter power-transfer clutch be get rid of piece, get rid of ball, throw-off post, hinge increase a kind of in the power power-transfer clutch.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, said individual event overriding clutch is a kind of in roller, Wedge-type, the controllable type individual event overriding clutch.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driving motor rotating speed is more than 2000 rev/mins.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, through the removal mechanical part on the motor-car that conducts electricity, automated variable speed ratio adhesion wheel has greatly been simplified design cycle, reduces the weight and the space of car load, reduces integral vehicle cost greatly;
So 2, because this wheel is to lean on gear transmission power to add upper bumper again drive gap is arranged, just in time having remedied brushless motor does not have the phase zero circle point of Hall starting, starts so realized no Hall.
3, can prevent motor battery heavy-current discharge electromotor overload, not have overload, electrical motor just can not take off magnetic, does not take off magnetic, and the reliability of electrical motor has just promoted;
4, power does not uninterruptedly have the flexible automated variable speed ratio of impact, conserve energy, and power waste is little;
5, adaptive automatic gear shifting is realized variable-speed ratio output;
6, braking and deceleration energy recovery, downhill running can doubly fast self-charging;
7, productive costs is low, reliability is high, long service life.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of automated variable speed ratio adhesion wheel of the present invention one preferred embodiment;
Fig. 2 adopts satellite gear bonded assembly perspective view between the gear cluster of automated variable speed ratio adhesion wheel of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the left end cap of automated variable speed ratio adhesion wheel of the present invention;
The mark of each parts is following in the accompanying drawing: 1, motor main shaft, 2, cover tire, 3, wheel hub, 4, left end cap; 5, stator, 6, rotor, 7, self shifter power-transfer clutch internal rotor, 8, self shifter power-transfer clutch outer rotor; 9, counter shaft, 10, the high speed driving gear, 11, the high speed driven gear, 12, low-speed active gear; 13, low speed driven gear, 14, the individual event overriding clutch, 15, the charging of energy recovery low speed forces gear clutch, 16, reducing gear; 17, output gear, 18, controlled individual event coarst clutch, 19, right end cap, 20, the disc brake brake disc.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing preferred embodiment of the present invention is set forth in detail, thereby protection scope of the present invention is made more explicit defining so that advantage of the present invention and characteristic can be easier to it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that.
The embodiment of the invention comprises:
As shown in Figure 1; A kind of automated variable speed ratio adhesion wheel; Comprise tire body, be provided with motor main shaft 1, rotor 6, stator 5 and at least one counter shaft 9 in the tire body, said stator 5 is captiveed joint with motor main shaft 1; Be provided with the gear cluster of forming by driving gear and driven gear of the different speed ratios of at least two groups between said motor main shaft 1 and the counter shaft 9; Said driving gear is arranged on the motor main shaft 1, and said driven gear is arranged on the counter shaft 9, and the low-speed active gear 12 in the said driving gear is captiveed joint with rotor 6; Be connected with the self shifter power-transfer clutch between high speed driving gear 10 and the rotor 6; High speed driven gear 11 in the said driven gear is captiveed joint with counter shaft 9, is connected with individual event overriding clutch 14 between low speed driven gear 13 and the counter shaft 9, also is provided with the charging of energy recovery low speed on the said counter shaft 9 and forces gear clutch 15 and reducing gear 16; Said reducing gear 16 is connected with output gear 17, and the said output gear 17 controlled individual event coarst clutch 18 interior with being fixed on tire body is connected.
Type of attachment between the gear cluster according to the invention is that parallel axis arrangement connects (as shown in Figure 1), also can adopt planetary wheel to connect (as shown in Figure 2).
Said tire body comprises on wheel hub 3, the wheel hub 3 the inner tube of a tyre, cover tire 2 and is arranged on left end cap 4, the right end cap 19 (as shown in Figure 3) of wheel hub 3 both sides; Said controlled individual event coarst clutch 18 is fixed on right end cap 19 inboards; Control wheel and electrical motor slide and when braking deceleration, downhill running locking drive motor operation and charge; Right end cap 19 1 ends also are connected with disc brake brake disc 20, can control the brake of wheel effectively, and are safe and reliable.
Wherein, Said self shifter power-transfer clutch be get rid of piece, get rid of ball, throw-off post, hinge increase a kind of in the power power-transfer clutch; The self shifter power-transfer clutch is that the rising that utilizes rotating speed realizes combining and separating with the varying in size of centnifugal force that reduction is produced, and said individual event overriding clutch 14 is a kind of in roller, Wedge-type, the controllable type individual event overriding clutch.
Automated variable speed ratio adhesion wheel principle of work of the present invention is following:
Propulsion source is the electrical motor that motor stator 5 and motor rotor 6 are formed, and motor speed is more than 20000 rev/mins.Transmission of power is on the low-speed active gear 12 that is fixed on the motor main shaft 1; Low-speed active gear 12 beginnings are rotated synchronously, and transmission of power is to low speed driven gear 13, when motor speed rising centnifugal force increases; Also can overcome resistance wheel reaches dragging under the torque condition of it with self shifter power-transfer clutch outer rotor 8 certain associated values to reach self shifter power-transfer clutch internal rotor 7; Internal rotor 7 by the self shifter power-transfer clutch is started working with the self shifter power-transfer clutch that the outer rotor 8 of self shifter power-transfer clutch is formed, thereby makes the high speed driving gear 10 on the counter shaft 9 start working, and the high speed ring gear passes 11 transferring power thereupon; Simultaneously; Individual event overriding clutch 14 is also started working, and the bootom gear group is surmounted, and energy recovery low speed charging forces gear clutch 15 under deceleration, descending, the situation that slides, brake, to be worked automatically; Carry out energy recovery, at last by output gear 17 with transmission of power drive wheels to the wheel hub 3.
Simultaneously, can utilize a plurality of self shifter power-transfer clutchs, individual event overriding clutch 14 and gear main shaft to form adaptive transmission, form many grades of speed changes.Each a self shifter power-transfer clutch of shelves and a driving gear, a driven gear, the joint portion of driven gear and output shaft leans on an individual event overriding clutch 14 to be connected.The combination rotating speed of each self shifter power-transfer clutch is all different, and the speed ratio of gear cluster is also different.The combination rotating speed of low gear is low, and the gear cluster speed ratio is big, and vehicle is in starting and climbing, combine with the self shifter power-transfer clutch of low gear low-tach the time; The combination rotating speed of high speed gear is high; The gear cluster speed ratio is little, along with reducing of starting back resistance to motion, big torque drive wheel can be provided.Rising along with the engine input shaft rotational speed; Second gear self shifter power-transfer clutch is started working owing to action of centrifugal force; Second gear combines to the output shaft transferring power than one grade of little gear of speed ratio; Simultaneously the rotating speed of output shaft is higher than the rotating speed of one grade of driven tooth since the power of one grade of driven tooth and output shaft to combine be to lean on an individual event overriding clutch 14 to be connected, so quilt is surmounted.The rotating speed that reduces the subjective raising main force machine of chaufeur along with resistance to motion; Three-speed self shifter power-transfer clutch reaches and combines rotating speed to start working; The driven tooth of second gear is surmounted, and the gear cluster that third gear is littler than second gear speed ratio begins to the output shaft transferring power speed of a motor vehicle to be increased.If improve main force's machine rotating speed once more, because the raising of rotating speed reaches the combination rotating speed of fourth gear self shifter power-transfer clutch, the combination of three-speed driven gear and output shaft also is an individual event overriding clutch 14, is therefore surmounted.Power is transmitted by the fourth speed gear group, thereby obtains the higher speed of a motor vehicle.Reach the combination rotating speed if also will improve the self shifter power-transfer clutch of five grades of the rotating speeds of engine, five grades of gear clusters begin to the output shaft transferring power, and simultaneously, the four-speed driven tooth is surmounted.Therefore, when feeling under steam that resistance to motion increases or when reducing, the self shifter power-transfer clutch can in good time combination reaches suitable gear and drives, and realizes that subjective intention according to chaufeur reaches the optimum speed ratio self adaptation and goes.
The present invention has following advantage:
1, reduces complete vehicle weight and space; Reduce integral vehicle cost greatly: through the removal mechanical part on the motor-car that conducts electricity; Automated variable speed ratio adhesion wheel has greatly been simplified design cycle because the car that automated variable speed ratio adhesion wheel drives no longer needs change speed gear box, transmission shaft, diff, and let vehicle become gentlier, more energy-conservation; Therefore, vehicle can be realized longer continual mileage;
2, no Hall electrical motor: so because this wheel is to lean on gear transmission power to add upper bumper again drive gap is arranged, just in time having remedied brushless motor does not have the phase zero circle point of Hall starting, starts so realized no Hall.
3, prevent electrical motor pond heavy-current discharge electromotor overload: in the time of need running at high speed, switch to speed ratio on that less one-level automatically, mechanical type automated variable speed ratio, the real little electric current high pulling torque of having accomplished is started to walk; Still keeping low current when running at high speed, the automatic switchover speed ratio is when electrical motor perceives overload; Automatically switch to that bigger one-level of speed ratio, so electrical motor remains on high efficient area constantly, not overload; Do not had deep discharge, the life-span of battery, electrical motor, controller has also just prolonged, and has not had overload; Electrical motor just can not take off magnetic, does not take off magnetic, and the reliability of electrical motor has just promoted;
4, conserve energy: the bigger required rotational energy of the quality of wheel is just big more; Because common wheel hub all is permanent magnet and the iron core that rotates; The big power consumption of quality is also big, and the weight of the high speed electric machine rotor 6 that the present invention uses has only 1/5th of equal-wattage conventional motors, so energy-conservation; Power waste is little, and power does not uninterruptedly have the flexible automated variable speed ratio of impact; Present technique is to lean on the height of rotating speed to produce the vary in size combination rotating speed difference of power-transfer clutch of centnifugal force to realize the takeoff output of automated variable speed ratio; Because the self shifter power-transfer clutch is flexible the combination; All be to realize combining transferring power simultaneously by centnifugal force; So two adjacent shelves are when changing to higher leveled gear; The gear of upper class is also in transferring power, combines fully up to higher leveled gear that low one-level gear is just surmounted can transferring power the time, thereby realized that power is uninterrupted;
5, adaptive automatic gear shifting is realized variable-speed ratio output: different with speed when resistance to motion, the self shifter power-transfer clutch can be exported suitable rotating speed and moment of torsion according to the different in good time combination of rotating speed again, thereby realizes self adaptation automated variable speed ratio;
6, braking and deceleration energy recovery, downhill running can doubly fast self-chargings: when vehicles go down slides brake snub wheel can low grade instead in tow electrical motor realize that doubly fast self-charging reaches energy recovery;
7, productive costs is low: thus since usefulness be that the high-speed motor volume is littler; The rare earth permanent-magnetic material of usefulness is about the wheel hub electric motor sixth of equal-wattage; Though that but the present invention has added the automatic transmission cost is still low than common motor, because rare earth permanent-magnetic material accounts for the very most of of whole electrical motor cost now;
8, reliability, high life: electrical motor adopts no Hall, has just got rid of the Hall fault, and coil and bearing just do not have fault; Adopted the sealer oil lubrication simultaneously; And then individual actuating unit gear cluster protected, having reduced noise, global reliability is improved.It is to realize what corresponding combination separated according to the subjective speed of a motor vehicle of controlling of chaufeur and the required driving torque of wheel that the flexibility of self shifter power-transfer clutch combines, and is the electrical controller heavy handled, and promptly enabling control also is that cost is high.Existing automatic shifting transmission, automatically controlled this effect of self-shifting out of reach, the cost of fluid converter is too high again, and driving efficiency is too low again, and shift impact power is also arranged, and gearshift pause and transition in rhythm or melody sense is strong in going.
The above is merely embodiments of the invention; Be not so limit claim of the present invention; Every equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion that utilizes specification sheets of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to be done; Or directly or indirectly be used in other relevant technical fields, all in like manner be included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. automated variable speed ratio adhesion wheel; Comprise tire body; Be provided with motor main shaft (1), rotor (6), stator (5) and at least one counter shaft (9) in the tire body; Said stator (5) is captiveed joint with motor main shaft (1), it is characterized in that: be provided with the gear cluster of being made up of driving gear and driven gear of the different speed ratios of at least two groups between said motor main shaft (1) and the counter shaft (9), said driving gear is arranged on the motor main shaft (1); Said driven gear is arranged on the counter shaft (9); Low-speed active gear in the said driving gear (12) is captiveed joint with rotor (6), is connected with the self shifter power-transfer clutch between high speed driving gear (10) and the rotor (6), and the high speed driven gear (11) in the said driven gear is captiveed joint with counter shaft (9); Be connected with individual event overriding clutch (14) between low speed driven gear (13) and the counter shaft (9); Also be provided with the charging of energy recovery low speed on the said counter shaft (9) and force gear clutch (15) and reducing gear (16), said reducing gear (16) is connected with output gear (17), and said output gear (17) the controlled individual event coarst clutch (18) interior with being fixed on tire body is connected.
2. automated variable speed ratio adhesion wheel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the type of attachment between the said gear cluster is that parallel axis arrangement connects or planetary wheel connects.
3. automated variable speed ratio adhesion wheel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said tire body comprises the inner tube of a tyre, the cover tire (2) on wheel hub (3), the wheel hub (3) and is arranged on left end cap (4), the right end cap (19) of wheel hub both sides.
4. according to claim 1,3 described automated variable speed ratio adhesion wheels, it is characterized in that: said controlled individual event coarst clutch (18) is fixed on right end cap (19) inboard.
5. automated variable speed ratio adhesion wheel according to claim 2 is characterized in that: said right end cap (19) one ends are connected with disc brake brake disc (20).
6. automated variable speed ratio adhesion wheel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said self shifter power-transfer clutch be get rid of piece, get rid of ball, throw-off post, hinge increase a kind of in the power power-transfer clutch.
7. automated variable speed ratio adhesion wheel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said individual event overriding clutch (14) is a kind of in roller, Wedge-type, the controllable type individual event overriding clutch.
8. automated variable speed ratio adhesion wheel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the driving motor rotating speed is more than 2000 rev/mins.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011103087200A CN102424000A (en) | 2011-10-13 | 2011-10-13 | Automatic variable-ratio active wheel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011103087200A CN102424000A (en) | 2011-10-13 | 2011-10-13 | Automatic variable-ratio active wheel |
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| CN102424000A true CN102424000A (en) | 2012-04-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2011103087200A Pending CN102424000A (en) | 2011-10-13 | 2011-10-13 | Automatic variable-ratio active wheel |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105501044A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-04-20 | 冯林 | Three-gear speed changing wheel based on electromagnetic gear shift |
| CN107781395A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-03-09 | 东风德纳车桥有限公司 | A kind of automobile drive axle speed reducer assembly |
-
2011
- 2011-10-13 CN CN2011103087200A patent/CN102424000A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105501044A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-04-20 | 冯林 | Three-gear speed changing wheel based on electromagnetic gear shift |
| CN107781395A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-03-09 | 东风德纳车桥有限公司 | A kind of automobile drive axle speed reducer assembly |
| CN107781395B (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2024-05-17 | 东风德纳车桥有限公司 | Automobile drive axle speed reducer assembly |
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Application publication date: 20120425 |