CN102420661B - Device for compensating non-linear damage of optical fiber - Google Patents

Device for compensating non-linear damage of optical fiber Download PDF

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CN102420661B
CN102420661B CN201110421825.7A CN201110421825A CN102420661B CN 102420661 B CN102420661 B CN 102420661B CN 201110421825 A CN201110421825 A CN 201110421825A CN 102420661 B CN102420661 B CN 102420661B
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optical fiber
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李蔚
余少华
成浩然
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a device for compensating a non-linear damage of optical fiber, belongs to an optical fiber communication device, solves the problem of limitation on transmission speed rate or higher complexity of the conventional restraint device, and guarantees the transmission speed rate of an optical fiber system during compensation of the non-linear damage of the optical fiber. The device comprises an arbitrary waveform generator, a driving amplifier, a first electro-optical phase modulator, a dispersion medium and a second electro-optical phase modulator, wherein a clock signal is input to a trigger end of the arbitrary waveform generator; the arbitrary waveform generator outputs a periodic parabola type waveform signal, and the periodic parabola type waveform signal is amplified by using the driving amplifier into an electric driving signal and sent to driving ends of the first electro-optical phase modulator and the second electro-optical phase modulator at the same time; an optical transmitter outputs a data signal to an input end of the first electro-optical phase modulator; and an output end of the second electro-optical phase modulator is connected with an optical fiber link. The invention has the advantages that: an adopted optical device is simple; the bit error rate of signal receiving reaches 10<-7> to 10<-9>; optical power cost is reduced by about 3 dB; and the device is applicable to a long-distance high-capacity and ultra-high-speed optical fiber communication system of all kinds of modulation formats and transmission speed rate.

Description

A kind of device for compensating non-linear damage of optical fiber
Technical field
The invention belongs to fiber optic telecommunications equipment, be specifically related to a kind of device for compensating non-linear damage of optical fiber, be applied in speed fiber optic communication systems, with the nonlinear impairments in compensated fiber communication system, improve systematic function.
Background technology
Optical fiber communication has become the element of modern communication networks, along with the rapid emergence of growth, the especially internet of the information explosion formulas such as voice, image and data, constantly expands the optical fiber communication capacity trend that has been inevitable.Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) are fully to excavate fiber bandwidth ability, realize the best means of large capacity, high-speed communication.In high speed long-distance optical fiber communication system, 100G and above be current development trend, dispersion and nonlinear effect are two large principal elements of limiting telecommunication power system capacity.Dispersion causes pulse stretching and wave distortion, and nonlinear effect causes crosstalking of the variation of pulse frequency spectrum and interchannel etc., and they all can make signal produce distortion, and causes the increase of error rate of system.Therefore in communication system, need suitable control and the compensation in addition of dispersion and nonlinear effect, current dispersion compensation technology, as the comparative maturity such as dispersion compensating fiber (DCF), electrical dispersion compensation module, commercialization degree is very high.
On the other hand, along with the luminous power in optical fiber increases, the number of channel increases, fiber nonlinear effect becomes the principal element that affects systematic function.Nonlinear effect in optical fiber is divided into two classes: inelastic process and elastic process.The inelastic process being caused by stimulated scattering, electromagnetic field and polarization medium have energy exchange, mainly contain stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS).The elastic process being caused by nonlinear refractive index (Kerr effect), electromagnetic field and polarization medium do not have energy exchange, mainly contain from phase-modulation (SPM), Cross-phase Modulation (XPM) and four wave mixing (FWM).These nonlinear effects are crosstalked and Power penalty the generation of multichannel WDM interchannel, and introduce nonlinear phase noise, thus transmission capacity and the maximum transmission distance of limit fibre communication.
Current non-linear restraining device is divided into two classes: electrical way and optical mode.Electricity restraining device mainly depends on the digital signal processor (DSP) of system receiving terminal, adopt nonlinear effect and the effect of dispersion of software to optical fiber to compensate by digital signal processor, the transmission rate of fibre system is subject to the restriction of DSP chip processing speed simultaneously.And light restraining device implementation complexity is high, as optical phase conjugation (OPC) equipment, complicated structure, frequency unicity to middle mixing laser used is had relatively high expectations, and intermediate phase conjugator needs to be arranged on more exactly the place of total dispersion value half, also to control polarization fluctuation, in order to avoid affect the time reversal characteristic of phase conjugate wave.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of device for compensating non-linear damage of optical fiber, solving existing electric restraining device causes transmission rate to be subject to Digital Signal Processing speed restriction and the higher problem of light restraining device complexity, in compensated fiber nonlinear impairments, guarantee the transmission rate of fibre system.
A kind of device for compensating non-linear damage of optical fiber of the present invention, comprises AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator), driving amplifier, the first electro-optic phase modulator, dispersive medium and the second electro-optic phase modulator, it is characterized in that:
Described AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) and driving amplifier are connected successively, and described the first electro-optic phase modulator output connects the second electro-optic phase modulator input by dispersive medium;
Take from the optical sender clock signal of optical fiber link and input described AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) trigger end, AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) output cycle parabolic type waveform signal f (t):
f ( t ) = &Sigma; n = 0 &infin; a ( t - nT ) 2 , ( - T 2 &le; t &le; T 2 ) ;
A is cycle parabolic type waveform signal and the Relation Parameters of time,
Figure BDA0000120373680000022
v ppfor the peak-to-peak value of AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) output cycle parabolic type waveform signal voltage, 025v < V pp≤ 1v; T is the time; T is the cycle of f (t), identical with clock signal period, and n is periodicity;
Described cycle parabolic type waveform signal f (t) is enlarged into electric drive signal through driving amplifier and sends into first, second electro-optic phase modulator drive end simultaneously, the optical sender outputting data signals of optical fiber link is sent into the first electro-optic phase modulator input, and the second electro-optic phase modulator output connects optical fiber link;
Described dispersive medium is optical fiber Bragg raster (FBG) or monomode fiber;
The gain G of described driving amplifier meets
Figure BDA0000120373680000031
wherein V πbe the half-wave voltage of electro-optic phase modulator, the required driving voltage size adding is spent in expression phase modulation position 180.
Described device for compensating non-linear damage of optical fiber, is characterized in that:
The cycle of described AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) output cycle parabolic type waveform signal equals the cycle of clock signal;
Described AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) comprises address counter, waveform data memory, D/A converter, low pass filter and the amplifying circuit of series connection successively; Clock signal triggers port by AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) and inputs described address counter, and described amplifying circuit produces cycle parabolic type waveform signal f (t), by the output output of AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator).
Described device for compensating non-linear damage of optical fiber, is characterized in that:
Described dispersive medium adopts positive dispersion, transfer function
Figure BDA0000120373680000032
wherein β 2be 2nd order chromatic dispersion constant, z is dispersive medium length, and ω is optical carrier frequency, total dispersion value β 2the span of z is 0 < β 2z < 50ps/nm.
The effect of dispersive medium is that its transfer function and input data signal frequency spectrum multiply each other on frequency domain.
Mathematical Modeling of the present invention can represent with formula below:
X P ( u ) = 1 - i cot &alpha; 2 &pi; exp ( - i 1 2 u 2 tan &alpha; 2 ) &CenterDot; { [ x ( t ) exp ( - it 2 1 2 tan &alpha; 2 ) ] &CircleTimes; exp ( i 1 2 csc &alpha;t 2 ) }
Wherein, x (t) and X p(u) be respectively input and output signal; Deflection angle
Figure BDA0000120373680000042
p ≠ 2n, n is integer, conversion order p characterizes modulation depth;
Can be divided into three steps realizes, input data signal is first sent into the first electro-optic phase modulator and is carried out a square phase-modulation and obtain g (t), enter again one section of dispersive medium and carry out convolution and obtain g ' (t), finally send into the second electro-optic phase modulator and carry out obtaining output signal X after square phase-modulation p(t):
g ( t ) = x ( t ) exp ( - it 2 1 2 tan &alpha; 2 )
g &prime; ( t ) = g ( t ) * exp ( i 1 2 csc &alpha;t 2 )
X p ( t ) = g &prime; ( t ) 1 - i cot &alpha; 2 &pi; exp ( - i 1 2 t 2 tan &alpha; 2 )
The present invention is a kind of full light processing scheme, is applicable to the compensation of various modulation formats and transmission rate nonlinear fiber damage.
When light signal transmits in optical fiber, can be subject to the impact of optical nonlinearity Kerr effect, produce nonlinear impairments, affect in the related detection system of transmission performance, especially phase-modulation of system.
The present invention carried out signal the distortion of optical phase before light signal enters optical fiber, make distortion after light signal with certain frequency chirp amount and phase factor, then enter in optical fiber link and transmit.In the time of dispersion full remuneration in transmission system, by optimizing the various parameters of this conversion, the time-frequency composite characteristic of sort signal can effectively suppress the impact that nonlinear fiber produces signal to a great extent, improves the transmission performance of system.Can see the effect expression formula of input data signal from the present invention, by square phase-modulation to signal leading two-stage phase distortion, can carry out comprehensive compensation to the linear nonlinear impairments of data-signal.From another kind of angle, the present invention is a kind of incomplete Fourier transform.Signal can transform from the time domain to another transform domain, and this transform domain is certain intermediate field between waveform and frequency spectrum, shows as the rotation of time frequency space reference axis, can have a series of continuous transform domains between can thinking from time domain to frequency domain hypothetically.Accordingly, dispersion interaction is linear action, only time domain waveform is had to impact; And nonlinear interaction only has impact to frequency domain envelope, therefore can think from time domain to frequency domain to be also a kind of continuous change procedure on the impact of waveform envelope.Just dispersion is " 0 " for " 1 " at frequency domain in time domain impact, and nonlinear interaction in contrast.On the other hand, research shows that nonlinear impairments can be suppressed in the situation that dispersion exists.For commercial dispersion managed fiber communication system, there is new transmission performance through the signal of predistortion of the present invention, its time-frequency composite characteristic can think to realize compensation of nonlinearity in the situation that introducing a small amount of dispersion.
The optics that the present invention adopts is simple, adopts the mode of full optics, and input signal is added to certain distortion, in order to the nonlinear impairments of compensated fiber, the error rate that receives signal is obviously reduced; Can not adopt dsp chip processing at receiving terminal, reduce the dependence to electron process chip, reduce the power consumption of device simultaneously, be applicable to various modulation formats and transmission rate; The error rate that receives signal reaches 10 -7to 10 -9', reduce the about 3dB of luminous power cost.In growing apart from high-capacity and ultra high-speed optical fiber telecommunications system, particularly dense wavelength division multiplexing system, there is very large application potential.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is embodiment of the present invention schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator);
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the present invention for dense wave division multipurpose optical fiber telecommunications system.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
As shown in Figure 1, embodiments of the invention, comprise AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator), driving amplifier, the first electro-optic phase modulator, dispersive medium and the second electro-optic phase modulator;
Described AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) and driving amplifier are connected successively, and described the first electro-optic phase modulator output connects the second electro-optic phase modulator input by dispersive medium;
Take from the optical sender clock signal of optical fiber link and input described AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) trigger end, AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) output cycle parabolic type waveform signal f (t), cycle parabolic type waveform signal f (t) is enlarged into electric drive signal through driving amplifier and sends into first, second electro-optic phase modulator drive end simultaneously, the optical sender outputting data signals of optical fiber link is sent into the first electro-optic phase modulator input, and the second electro-optic phase modulator output connects optical fiber link;
Described dispersive medium is monomode fiber.
As shown in Figure 2, described AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) comprises address counter, waveform data memory, D/A converter, low pass filter and the amplifying circuit of series connection successively, clock signal triggers port by AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) and inputs described address counter, by making address counter add 1 OPADD that changes the address production electric circuit being formed by address counter, each address in the inswept waveform data memory of address counter order is until the end of Wave data, Wave data in each address is sent in D/A converter, so that digital signal is converted to analog signal, low pass filter carries out smoothing processing to the transition edge of D/A converter outputting analog signal, produce required any period parabolic type waveform signal f (t) through amplifying circuit again, by the output output of AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator).
The present embodiment adopts the AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) of the model AWG7122C of Imtech of the U.S., maximum sample rate 24GS/s, and waveform length 32M or 64M, maximum analog output amplitude is 1Vpp (2.5GHz), produces cycle parabolic pulses signal.
Driving amplifier is amplified to the output signal amplitude of AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) can meet the required maximum phase modulation value of electro-optic phase modulator.The bandwidth of driving amplifier should match with the transmission rate of optical fiber telecommunications system.The present embodiment adopts the radio frequency amplifier chip RF Amplifier TM1001 of Taiwan TaiwanMicro company, this chip is made with the technological design of GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT), be a low cost, high power and high efficiency amplifier integrated circuit, applicable frequency is 2.4GHz～2.5GHz.
The present embodiment electro-optic phase modulator, the LiNbO of the employing model PMS1527-EX of Beijing Shi Weitong company 3multi-functional phase place modulator, this phase-modulator is based on lithium columbate crystal phase-modulator, adopt titanium diffusion or proton exchange technique to make waveguide, device insertion loss is little, driving voltage is low, and optical fiber and waveguide adopt accurate tiltedly coupling can obtain low back-reflection.The half-wave voltage V of operation wavelength 1550nm place π<=5.0V, electric bandwidth >=2.5GHz, insertion loss <=4.0dB.
Lithium columbate crystal is uniaxial crystal, optical homogeneity is good, after applying electric field on crystal, to cause the redistribution of bound charge, and may cause the miniature deformation of ionic lattice, its result will cause the variation of dielectric constant, finally cause the variation of crystal refractive index, making is that isotropic medium produces birefringence originally, is that the birefringence characteristic of optically anisotropic crystal changes originally, i.e. electro optic effect.In the time that extra electric field is parallel to crystal Z axis, the refractive index of this direction becomes:
n z = n e - 1 2 n e 3 &gamma; 33 E 3
Wherein n e, γ 33, E 3be respectively e optical axis refractive index, electro-optic coefficient and z direction electric field, the phase place that light produces by this modulator is changed to
Figure BDA0000120373680000072
Wherein V (t) is additional driving voltage function, and d, l are the sizes of crystal.
Dispersive medium adopts monomode fiber, and monomode fiber cost is low, can flexible dispersion values.The SiO of monomode fiber itself 2material just has the dispersion characteristics that depend on wavelength, and wavelength group velocitys different in transmission is different; It is 200m that the present embodiment adopts the length of company of Wuhan Changfei, the general single mode fiber that abbe number is 16ps/nm/km.
Dispersive medium also can adopt FBG, and FBG, because the coupled mode of different wave length in grating can produce reflection in different positions according to the difference in grating cycle, makes different wavelength produce delay inequality, is dispersion, and dispersion span is larger, and structure is compacter; As the FBG of the model DCM-CI-1550.12-N200-FC/APC of Wuhan GuangXun Co., Ltd.
The present invention is applied in dense wave division multipurpose (DWDM) system, as shown in Figure 3, the present invention is expanded to N road signal optical fibre nonlinear impairments compensation arrangement.N optical sender adopts DWDM wavelength and the wavelength interval of standard, N circuit-switched data signal and clock signal synchronization; Electric drive signal after overdriven amplifier is sent into respectively N that each transmitter is corresponding first, N the second electro-optic phase modulator; The output signal of N the second electro-optic phase modulator accesses wave multiplexer input simultaneously, and wave multiplexer output connects optical fiber link.

Claims (3)

1. a device for compensating non-linear damage of optical fiber, comprises AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator), driving amplifier, the first electro-optic phase modulator, dispersive medium and the second electro-optic phase modulator, it is characterized in that:
Described AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) and driving amplifier are connected successively, and described the first electro-optic phase modulator output connects the second electro-optic phase modulator input by dispersive medium;
Take from the optical sender clock signal of optical fiber link and input described AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) trigger end, AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) output cycle parabolic type waveform signal f (t):
Figure FDA0000120373670000011
A is cycle parabolic type waveform signal and the Relation Parameters of time,
Figure FDA0000120373670000012
v ppfor the peak-to-peak value of AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) output cycle parabolic type waveform signal voltage, 0.25v < V pp≤ 1v; T is the time; T is the cycle of f (t), identical with clock signal period, and n is periodicity;
Described cycle parabolic type waveform signal f (t) is enlarged into electric drive signal through driving amplifier and sends into first, second electro-optic phase modulator drive end simultaneously, the optical sender outputting data signals of optical fiber link is sent into the first electro-optic phase modulator input, and the second electro-optic phase modulator output connects optical fiber link;
Described dispersive medium is optical fiber Bragg raster (FBG) or monomode fiber;
The gain G of described driving amplifier meets
Figure FDA0000120373670000013
wherein V πbe the half-wave voltage of electro-optic phase modulator, the required driving voltage size adding is spent in expression phase modulation position 180.
2. device for compensating non-linear damage of optical fiber as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
The cycle of described AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) output cycle parabolic type waveform signal equals the cycle of clock signal;
Described AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) comprises address counter, waveform data memory, D/A converter, low pass filter and the amplifying circuit of series connection successively; Clock signal triggers port by AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) and inputs described address counter, and described amplifying circuit produces cycle parabolic type waveform signal f (t), by the output output of AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator).
3. device for compensating non-linear damage of optical fiber as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described dispersive medium adopts positive dispersion, transfer function wherein β 2be 2nd order chromatic dispersion constant, z is dispersive medium length, and ω is optical carrier frequency, total dispersion value β 2the span of z is 0 < β 2z < 50ps/nm.
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