CN102412717B - Lossless soft start device and method for frequency converter - Google Patents
Lossless soft start device and method for frequency converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN102412717B CN102412717B CN201110367554.1A CN201110367554A CN102412717B CN 102412717 B CN102412717 B CN 102412717B CN 201110367554 A CN201110367554 A CN 201110367554A CN 102412717 B CN102412717 B CN 102412717B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a lossless soft start device and method for a frequency converter. The soft start device is a power-on buffering circuit of which the input end is connected with a frequency converter rectification circuit while the output end is connected with a bus capacitor, and comprises a relay, an MOS (Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) tube, a diode, a reactor and a control system, wherein the drain of the MOS tube is connected with one end of a main contact of the relay; the source of the MOS tube is connected with the other end of the main contact of the relay; the anode of the diode is connected with the cathode of the bus capacitor; the cathode of the diode is connected with the source of the MOS tube and one end of the reactor; the other end of the reactor is connected with the anode of the bus capacitor; the MOS tube, the relay and the bus capacitor are connected with the control system respectively; and the control system is further connected with a three-phase power supply. Due to the adoption of the device and the method, high charging current generated during electrifying is effectively prevented from damaging a rectification unit and an energy-storing filtering unit, and a fault of a next stage circuit is further prevented from being amplified.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to frequency converter field, relate in particular to loss-free frequency converter soft starting device and realize the method for soft start.
Background technology
Frequency converter is the on-off action that utilizes power semiconductor device, regulates mains frequency to regulate a kind of control device of motor speed.Frequency control has speed-regulating range width, and adjusting speed accuracy is high, and dynamic response is fast, and low speed torque is good, saves energy, the advantage such as operating efficiency is high, easy to use.Application frequency control, not only can make motor move under energy-conservation rotating speed, but also can greatly improve the control precision of motor speed, lifting process quality and production efficiency.
For at present conventional voltage-type ac-dc-ac frequency converter topology, prime is the uncontrollable rectification unit of input, and intergrade is high power DC energy storage filter unit, and rear class is inversion output unit.DC energy storage filter unit mainly consists of big capacity electrolyte capacitor, because electric capacity initial condition is equivalent to short circuit, frequency converter input side closes a floodgate while powering on, if just the voltage after rectification is added on electrochemical capacitor without any processing, can cause the charging current that moment is larger, thereby impact to frequency converter commutating circuit, and cause electrochemical capacitor life to decline, even have the danger of blast.Therefore, we must design a kind of apparatus and method, make the voltage rising at the moment electrochemical capacitor two ends that power on, to avoid above-mentioned fault to occur, and Here it is our said soft starting device and soft-start method.
The scheme of the frequency converter soft start using in frequency converter industry at present has following several conventionally:
1, current-limiting resistance adds relay (or controllable silicon) combination
As shown in Figure 1, series limiting resistor in the charge circuit of bus capacitor, and have switching device (for example relay or controllable silicon) in parallel with current-limiting resistance.Power up after-current and first from charging resistor, flow through, by current-limiting resistance current limliting, bus capacitor is charged; When the DC voltage rising of bus capacitor is during to set point, use switching device by current-limiting resistance bypass, enter normal operating conditions.Traditional frequency converter generally adopts this kind of scheme.The shortcoming of this scheme is: the loss of soft start-up process current-limiting resistance is large, and heating is serious, and reliability is low, once current-limiting resistance burns out, frequency converter just can not be restarted, thereby frequency converter can not be worked.When frequency converter frequently powers on, frequency converter is operated in soft start state by continuous several times, and current-limiting resistance more seriously burns out heating, makes frequency converter produce fault, greatly reduces the reliability of system.
2, thyristor half control rectification
This scheme is to utilize half control characteristic of thyristor, during electrifying startup, by controlling the angle of flow of thyristor, makes voltage on filter capacitor by the rule rising of setting, and realizes soft start.The shortcoming of this scheme is, need to detect input voltage so that the angle of flow is controlled, and circuits for triggering design is complicated.
3, utilize Switching Power Supply precharge
This scheme is before frequency converter electrifying startup, first to connect the auxiliary switching power supply that output is connected to bus capacitor, utilize the soft-start feature of Switching Power Supply to carry out precharge to bus capacitor, being connected of disconnection and bus capacitor after to be charged completing, then connect frequency converter primary input switch.The shortcoming of this scheme is, needs to increase auxiliary switching power supply, and circuit structure is complicated, volume is large, cost is high.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve existing soft start-up process, there is the technical problem that loss is large, primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide loss-free frequency converter soft starting device, reduce the power consumption of soft start, the damage of large charging current while effectively having prevented from powering on to rectification unit and energy storage filter unit, and and then prevent that the fault of rear one-level circuit from expanding, and improves system reliability.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, another object of the present invention is to provide loss-free frequency converter soft-start method, reduce the power consumption of soft start, the damage of large charging current while effectively having prevented from powering on to rectification unit and energy storage filter unit, and and then prevent that the fault of rear one-level circuit from expanding, and improves system reliability.
The present invention realizes above-mentioned primary and foremost purpose by the following technical solutions:
Loss-free frequency converter soft starting device, input is connected with frequency converter rectification circuit, and output is connected with bus capacitor, and described soft starting device is the buffer circuit that powers on, and comprises relay, metal-oxide-semiconductor, diode, reactor and control system; Described metal-oxide-semiconductor drain electrode is connected with relay main contacts one end, and source electrode is connected with the relay main contacts other end; Described diode anode is connected with bus capacitor negative pole, and negative electrode is connected with metal-oxide-semiconductor source electrode and reactor one end; The described reactor other end is connected with bus capacitor is anodal; Described metal-oxide-semiconductor, relay, bus capacitor are connected with control system respectively, and described control system is also connected with three phase mains.
Preferably, described control system comprises: whether the first comparison module is normal for judging the frequency converter input city signal of telecommunication; The second comparison module, for judging whether frequency converter bus capacitor has charged; Control module, for to metal-oxide-semiconductor and relay output drive signal; Described the first comparison module is connected with control module respectively with the second comparison module.
The chip model of described control system is TMS320LF2406A.
The present invention realizes above-mentioned another object by the following technical solutions:
Soft-start method based on above-mentioned frequency converter soft starting device, comprises following steps:
S1, the first comparison module judge that whether detected frequency converter input power signal is normal, enter step S2 as undesired, as normally entered step S3;
The driving signal of metal-oxide-semiconductor and relay conducting is forbidden in S2, control module output, forbids bus capacitor charging, finishes soft start;
The driving signal that S3, control module output duty cycle diminish is gradually opened metal-oxide-semiconductor, makes metal-oxide-semiconductor, diode and reactor form constant-current charging circuit bus capacitor is charged;
S4, the second comparison module detect and judge whether bus capacitor has charged, and enters step S5 as charged, otherwise return to step S3;
The driving signal of metal-oxide-semiconductor output is blocked in S5, control module output, and exports the driving signal that makes relay J K1 closure, completes soft start-up process.
Preferably, to bus capacitor, charging is specially described step S3:
When metal-oxide-semiconductor is opened, reactor current is linear to rise, and bus capacitor charging current is linear to rise; When metal-oxide-semiconductor turn-offs, reactor releases energy, and reactor current is by diode continuousing flow and the linear decline of reactor current, and bus capacitor charging current declines.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is,
1, control system used is the elementary cell of frequency converter, reactor used is also that frequency converter is originally as improving the added necessary element of input characteristics, the not extra increase in order to realize soft start function, circuit only needs additionally to increase a small-power metal-oxide-semiconductor element, reduce hardware cost, improved system reliability; And realize numerically controlled soft start-up process flexible design soft start curve as required by control system, and reach satisfied soft-start feature, reduce the impact to bus capacitor, improved system reliability.
2, soft start-up process is to utilize the switching characteristic of metal-oxide-semiconductor, makes direct current reactor be operated in constant current state and completes, and metal-oxide-semiconductor switching loss is very little, and therefore soft start-up process of the present invention belongs to lossless start-up course.
3, according to the input state of frequency converter, determine whether bus capacitor charging, thus protection bus capacitor and late-class circuit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that general utilize charging resistor and relay realized the circuit diagram of frequency converter soft start at present;
Fig. 2 is that the present invention utilizes small power switch pipe and relay to realize the circuit diagram of frequency converter soft start;
Fig. 3 is the module frame chart of control system of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the method flow diagram that the present invention realizes soft start;
Fig. 5 is the drive waveforms figure of frequency converter soft start of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 2, frequency converter soft starting device of the present invention, input is connected with frequency converter rectification circuit B1, and output is connected with bus capacitor C1; Wherein, described soft starting device is the buffer circuit that powers on, and comprises relay J K1, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, diode D1, reactor L1 and control system; Described metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 drain electrode is connected with relay J K1 main contacts one end, and source electrode is connected with the relay J K1 main contacts other end; Described diode D1 anode is connected with bus capacitor C1 negative pole, and negative electrode is connected with metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 source electrode and reactor L1 one end; The described reactor L1 other end is connected with bus capacitor C1 is anodal; Described metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, relay J K1, bus capacitor C1 are connected with control system respectively, and described control system is also connected with three phase mains.
Referring to Fig. 3, described control system comprises for the control module to metal-oxide-semiconductor and relay output drive signal, and be connected with control module respectively for judging frequency converter input whether normal the first comparison module of city's signal of telecommunication and the second comparison module for judging whether frequency converter bus capacitor has charged; The first comparison module receives three phase mains signal (being city's signal of telecommunication), and the second comparison module receives bus capacitor signal; Control module is according to the comparative result of the first comparison module and the second comparison module, to metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and relay J K1 difference output drive signal.
As shown in Figure 4, frequency converter soft-start method of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
The first step, before frequency converter soft start (0-T0 period), metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and relay J K1 are cut-off state, and the first comparison module of frequency converter control system judges (voltage and the frequency of main judgement input civil power) to the input power of the frequency converter detecting (being city's signal of telecommunication); When judgement input power is undesired, as excessively high in input voltage, proceed to second step; When judgement input power is normal (T0-T1 period), proceed to the 3rd step.
Metal-oxide-semiconductor and relay action signal are forbidden in the control module output of second step, control system, forbid bus capacitor charging, thereby have protected frequency converter main system.
The control module output duty cycle D of the 3rd step, control system diminish gradually (as T0-T1 in Fig. 5 constantly as shown in) driving signal open metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, diode D1 and reactor L1 are formed has the constant-current charging circuit of certain current ripples to charge to bus capacitor.When metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 opens, reactor current is linear to rise, while storage power, and bus capacitor charging current is linear to rise, and busbar voltage slowly raises; When metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 turn-offs, reactor releases energy, and its electric current is by diode D1 afterflow, and electric current is linear to decline, and bus capacitor charging current declines, and busbar voltage slowly raises.By regulating the Changing Pattern of duty ratio, bus capacitor can charge according to needed current curve.
Whether the second comparison module of the 4th step, control system detects bus capacitor and has charged, and returns to the 3rd step if charged, and proceeds to the 5th step if charged.
The 5th step, reach rated value (T1 constantly) as the second comparison module judgement busbar voltage C1 of control system, while having charged, the driving signal of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is blocked in the control module output of control system, and output makes the driving signal of relay J K1 closure, thereby completes soft start-up process.
In the present embodiment, control system used is the elementary cell of numerically controlled frequency converter, and its control chip model is TMS320LF2406A; Reactor used is also that frequency converter is originally as improving the added essential element of input characteristics, the not extra increase in order to realize soft start function, circuit only needs additionally to increase a small-power metal-oxide-semiconductor and a low-power diode, has reduced cost, has improved reliability; And realize numerically controlled soft start-up process by control system, can by the change in duty cycle rule of design control module institute output drive signal, carry out flexible design soft start curve as required, reach satisfied soft-start feature, when guaranteeing quick charge, reduce the impact to bus capacitor, improved reliability.Because soft start-up process of the present invention is to utilize the switching characteristic of metal-oxide-semiconductor, make direct current reactor be operated in constant current state and complete, metal-oxide-semiconductor switching loss is very little, and therefore soft start-up process of the present invention belongs to harmless start-up course.
Above-described embodiment is preferably execution mode of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be equivalent substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. loss-free frequency converter soft starting device, input is connected with frequency converter rectification circuit, and output is connected with bus capacitor, it is characterized in that:
Described soft starting device is the buffer circuit that powers on, and comprises relay, metal-oxide-semiconductor, diode, reactor and control system; Described metal-oxide-semiconductor drain electrode is connected with relay main contacts one end, and source electrode is connected with the relay main contacts other end; Described diode anode is connected with bus capacitor negative pole, and negative electrode is connected with metal-oxide-semiconductor source electrode and reactor one end; The described reactor other end is connected with bus capacitor is anodal; Described metal-oxide-semiconductor, relay, bus capacitor are connected with control system respectively, and described control system is also connected with three phase mains;
Described metal-oxide-semiconductor, diode and reactor form constant-current charging circuit; The driving signal that described control system output duty cycle diminishes is gradually opened metal-oxide-semiconductor, and described constant-current charging circuit is charged to bus capacitor;
In the soft start-up process of described soft starting device, described reactor is operated in constant current state.
2. according to frequency converter soft starting device claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described control system comprises:
Whether the first comparison module is normal for judging the frequency converter input city signal of telecommunication;
The second comparison module, for judging whether frequency converter bus capacitor has charged;
Control module, for to metal-oxide-semiconductor and relay output drive signal;
Described the first comparison module is connected with control module respectively with the second comparison module.
3. according to frequency converter soft starting device claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the chip model of described control system is TMS320LF2406A.
4. the soft-start method based on frequency converter soft starting device described in claim 2, is characterized in that, comprises following steps:
S1, the first comparison module judge that whether detected frequency converter input power signal is normal, enter step S2 as undesired, as normally entered step S3;
The driving signal of metal-oxide-semiconductor and relay conducting is forbidden in S2, control module output, forbids bus capacitor charging, finishes soft start;
The driving signal that S3, control module output duty cycle diminish is gradually opened metal-oxide-semiconductor, makes metal-oxide-semiconductor, diode and reactor form constant-current charging circuit bus capacitor is charged;
S4, the second comparison module detect and judge whether bus capacitor has charged, and enters step S5 as charged, otherwise return to step S3;
The driving signal of metal-oxide-semiconductor output is blocked in S5, control module output, and exports the driving signal that makes relay J K1 closure, completes soft start-up process.
5. according to soft-start method claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, to bus capacitor, charging is specially described step S3:
When metal-oxide-semiconductor is opened, reactor current is linear to rise, and bus capacitor charging current is linear to rise; When metal-oxide-semiconductor turn-offs, reactor releases energy, and reactor current is by diode continuousing flow and the linear decline of reactor current, and bus capacitor charging current declines.
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Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102832798B (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2015-09-16 | 深圳市英威腾电气股份有限公司 | One powers on buffer control circuit and control method thereof |
| CN103401441A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-11-20 | 深圳市易能电气技术有限公司 | Rectification filter circuit and starting method thereof |
| CN103532146B (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2015-06-17 | 北京华东电气股份有限公司 | Electronic APF/SVG soft start device |
| CN105305802A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2016-02-03 | 漳州科华技术有限责任公司 | Rectifier soft start circuit and control method thereof |
| CN109075705B (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2020-09-01 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Charger for vehicle |
| WO2018227422A1 (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2018-12-20 | 上海明石光电科技有限公司 | Switch-mode power supply and soft-start circuit thereof |
| CN109842283B (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2020-10-23 | 南京德朔实业有限公司 | Angle grinder and electric tool |
| CN111200355B (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2021-04-09 | 上海微电子装备（集团）股份有限公司 | Power-on buffer circuit |
| CN109861518B (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2020-08-04 | 深圳市航嘉驰源电气股份有限公司 | Current-limiting starting circuit and power supply conversion circuit |
| CN111817587B (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2022-04-26 | 深圳市汇川技术股份有限公司 | Thyristor rectification soft start control method and device and storage medium |
| CN112467969B (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-12-03 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Starting control device and method of frequency converter and magnetic suspension system |
| CN116826687A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2023-09-29 | 华为技术有限公司 | Power supply system, slow start circuit and control method |
| CN112952944B (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2024-06-18 | 广州智光储能科技有限公司 | Energy storage system |
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| US6760235B2 (en) * | 2001-09-13 | 2004-07-06 | Netpower Technologies, Inc. | Soft start for a synchronous rectifier in a power converter |
| KR100974759B1 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2010-08-06 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Sequence control method of fuel cell-super capacitor hybrid electric vehicle |
| CN201994841U (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2011-09-28 | 深圳市禾望电气有限公司 | Frequency converter |
| CN202353453U (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-07-25 | 广州三晶电气有限公司 | Loss-free transducer soft-start device |
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Address after: 510663 No. 17 incense Hill Road, science and Technology Town, Guangzhou hi tech Development Zone, Guangdong, China Patentee after: GUANGZHOU SANJING ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Address before: 510663 No. 17 incense Hill Road, science and Technology Town, Guangzhou hi tech Development Zone, Guangdong, China Patentee before: Guangzhou Sanjing Electric Co., Ltd. |