CN102412402A - Method for preparing discontinuous graphene coated lithium ion battery electrode material - Google Patents
Method for preparing discontinuous graphene coated lithium ion battery electrode material Download PDFInfo
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- CN102412402A CN102412402A CN2011103567481A CN201110356748A CN102412402A CN 102412402 A CN102412402 A CN 102412402A CN 2011103567481 A CN2011103567481 A CN 2011103567481A CN 201110356748 A CN201110356748 A CN 201110356748A CN 102412402 A CN102412402 A CN 102412402A
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- lithium ion
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- ion battery
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052493 LiFePO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-2-one Chemical compound CCCC(C)=O XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(C)=O PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002097 Lithium manganese(III,IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical class CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- ILXAVRFGLBYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium;manganese(2+);phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Mn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O ILXAVRFGLBYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021483 silicon-carbon alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001386 lithium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 and wherein Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002173 high-resolution transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018871 CoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910021437 lithium-transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a discontinuous graphene coated lithium ion battery electrode material. The method comprises the following steps of: sintering a cathode material, a cathode material precursor or an anode material in an atmosphere furnace; and introducing an oxygen-bearing organic matter, water vapor and inert gas of nitrogen and/or argon, controlling the temperature in the atmosphere furnace to be between 500 and 1,300DEG C, reacting for 3 to 40 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the discontinuous graphene coated lithium ion battery electrode material. In the sintering process, due to existence of a small amount of water vapor, partial carbon is reacted with water to form H2 and CO, so that discontinuous graphene is formed and lithium ions are easily embedded in and de-embedded from defects of the discontinuous graphene. Therefore, the electrical conductivity and lithium ion mobility of the lithium ion battery electrode material are improved, so that the comprehensive performance of the lithium ion battery is greatly improved; meanwhile, the method is low in cost and suitable for large-scale industrial production and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to lithium ion battery electrode material, particularly relate to a kind of preparation method of lithium ion battery electrode material of discontinuous Graphene coating.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery is made up of positive and negative electrode and electrolyte, goes out a kind of high-energy battery that discharges and recharges that the positive and negative electrode material carries out energy exchange through Li+ embedding and embedding.When battery charge, lithium ion embedding from positive pole goes out, in negative pole, embed, otherwise during discharge.Need an electrode before assembling, to be in the state of embedding lithium, generally select relative lithium current potential greater than 3.5V and embedding lithium transition-metal oxide stable in the air as positive pole, like Li
1-xCoO
2(0＜X＜0.8), Li
1-XNiO
2(0＜X＜0.8) and Li
1-XMn
2O
4(0＜X＜1).Then select current potential as far as possible near the compound of the embedded lithium of lithium current potential, like various material with carbon elements and metal oxide as the material of negative pole.
LiFePO4 has the research focus that advantages such as safe, low price and discharge platform be steady can become anode material for lithium-ion batteries because of it.But the poorly conductive of LiFePO4, the lithium ion diffusion velocity is slow, and actual specific capacity is low during high power charging-discharging, the development of these these LiFePO4 industrialization of problem restriction.At present; Methods such as normal open overdoping conductive agent or coated with conductive agent prepare ionic mobility and the electronic conductivity that composite ferric lithium phosphate material improves LiFePO4; But still there is certain problem in the composite ferric lithium phosphate material of being reported: the preparation cost of CNT is high; Cause the composite ferric lithium phosphate material cost of doped carbon nanometer pipe too high, be unfavorable for large-scale industrial production; The composite ferric lithium phosphate material surface texture that conductive agent such as natural graphite powder or carbon black coats is complicated, interface resistance is bigger, and capacity occurs descending significantly and the also decline significantly of its tap density when rate charge-discharge.
Graphene is to rise a kind of electric conducting material in recent years rapidly, and the material with carbon element structure as thin as a wafer for single or multiple lift has extremely good conduction, heat conductivility and low thermal coefficient of expansion, and its theoretical specific area is up to 2630m
2/ g.Publication number is the preparation method who discloses a kind of graphene-doped anode material for lithium-ion batteries in the one Chinese patent application of CN 101800310A; This method has improved the conductivity of material; But be prone to cause the skewness of Graphene in LiFePO4 owing in LiFePO4, directly add Graphene, phenomenons such as reunion occur.
Summary of the invention
For addressing the above problem; The present invention aims to provide a kind of preparation method of lithium ion battery electrode material of discontinuous Graphene coating; This method is discontinuous closely attached to the electrode material granules surface with Graphene, has improved lithium ion battery electrode material electric conductivity and lithium ion mobility, thereby has significantly improved the combination property of lithium ion battery; The present invention simultaneously is with low cost, is suitable for large-scale industrial production and application.
The preparation method of the lithium ion battery electrode material that a kind of discontinuous Graphene provided by the invention coats may further comprise the steps:
With positive electrode, positive electrode presoma or negative material, place sintering in the atmosphere furnace, feed oxygen-bearing organic matter; Feed steam simultaneously, and feed inert nitrogen gas and/or argon gas, the oxygen-bearing organic matter of feeding and the volume fraction of steam are respectively 1～90% and 0.1～15%; Temperature in the controlled atmosphere furnace is 500～1300 ℃; Reacted 3～40 hours, and be cooled to room temperature, obtain the lithium ion battery electrode material that discontinuous Graphene coats.
Lithium ion battery electrode material comprises positive electrode and negative material.Preferably, positive electrode is one or more in cobalt acid lithium, lithium nickelate, LiMn2O4, ferrosilicon silicate of lithium, lithium manganese phosphate, phosphoric acid ferrimanganic lithium and the LiFePO4.Preferably, negative material is one or more in lithium titanate, native graphite, Delanium, carbonaceous mesophase spherules, nano-silicon, silicon-carbon alloy, silicon stannum alloy and the ashbury metal.The anode material for lithium-ion batteries that the also available positive electrode presoma of the present invention coats as the discontinuous Graphene of feedstock production.Electrode material of the present invention also can be common active material through the composite material after the modification.
Sintering process of the present invention is a kind of of vapour deposition process (CVD), through with the oxygen-bearing organic matter pyrolysis, produces carbon and hydrogen, and wherein, carbon laydown has formed Graphene in electrode material surface.Because the existence of a small amount of steam is arranged, part carbon and water react and generate H simultaneously
2And CO, thereby form discrete Graphene.This discrete Graphene is beneficial to lithium ion and embeds and embedding goes out from the fault location of discontinuous Graphene; Has good lithium ion mobility; Thereby the present invention has excellent electric conductivity, has significantly improved the combination property of lithium ion battery, has realized the chemical property qualitative leap.Preferably, oxygen-bearing organic matter is one or more in alcohol, ketone, aldehyde, phenol, ether, ester, the carboxylic acids organic substance.More preferably, oxygen-bearing organic matter is one or more in methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, butanols, amylalcohol, acetone, butanone, 2 pentanone, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate and the pentyl acetate.
Preferably, the volume fraction of oxygen-bearing organic matter is 40～60%.More preferably, the volume fraction of said oxygen-bearing organic matter is 45～55%.
Preferably, the volume fraction of steam is 5～10%.More preferably, the volume fraction of said steam is 7～8%.
Preferably, the temperature in the controlled atmosphere furnace is 800～1000 ℃, reacts 10～20 hours.
Therefore, the preparation method of the lithium ion battery electrode material of a kind of discontinuous Graphene coating provided by the invention is with a wide range of applications.
Description of drawings
The HRTEM photo of the positive electrode that the discontinuous Graphene that Fig. 1 makes for the embodiment of the invention one coats;
Fig. 2 is the gram volume resolution chart of Experimental cell;
Fig. 3 is the charging performance resolution chart of Experimental cell;
Fig. 4 is the multiplying power discharging property resolution chart of Experimental cell;
Fig. 5 is the cycle performance resolution chart of Experimental cell;
Fig. 6 is the cryogenic property resolution chart of Experimental cell.
Embodiment
The following stated is a preferred implementation of the present invention; Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; Can also make some improvement and retouching, these improvement and retouching also are regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
The preparation method of the lithium ion battery electrode material that a kind of discontinuous Graphene coats may further comprise the steps:
With positive electrode, positive electrode presoma or negative material, place sintering in the atmosphere furnace, feed oxygen-bearing organic matter; Feed steam simultaneously, and feed inert nitrogen gas and/or argon gas, the oxygen-bearing organic matter of feeding and the volume fraction of steam are respectively 1～90% and 0.1～15%; Temperature in the controlled atmosphere furnace is 500～1300 ℃; Reacted 3～40 hours, and be cooled to room temperature, obtain the lithium ion battery electrode material that discontinuous Graphene coats.
The present invention can make the lithium ion battery electrode material that discontinuous Graphene coats, and wherein, electrode material is positive electrode or negative material, and the Graphene of coating is discontinuous closely attached to the electrode material granules surface.Graphene is 2～10 layers a multi-layer graphene.The area that Graphene coats is not less than 30% of said electrode material granules total surface area.Electrode material granules is primary particle or offspring.The particle diameter of primary particle is 5nm～25 μ m.Positive electrode is one or more in cobalt acid lithium, lithium nickelate, LiMn2O4, ferrosilicon silicate of lithium, lithium manganese phosphate, phosphoric acid ferrimanganic lithium and the LiFePO4.Negative material is one or more in lithium titanate, native graphite, Delanium, carbonaceous mesophase spherules, nano-silicon, silicon-carbon alloy, silicon stannum alloy and the ashbury metal.Electrode material of the present invention also can be common active material through the composite material after the modification.
The mass ratio of discrete Graphene and said electrode material is 0.2～10%.Oxygen-bearing organic matter is one or more in alcohol, ketone, aldehyde, phenol, ether, ester, the carboxylic acids organic substance, for example is in methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, butanols, amylalcohol, acetone, butanone, 2 pentanone, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate and the pentyl acetate one or more.
Embodiment one
The preparation method of the lithium ion battery electrode material that a kind of discontinuous Graphene coats may further comprise the steps:
The LiFePO4 particle is placed sintering in the atmosphere furnace, feed methyl alcohol, feed steam simultaneously; And feed inert nitrogen gas and argon gas, and the methyl alcohol of feeding and the volume fraction of steam are respectively 40% and 10%, and the temperature in the controlled atmosphere furnace is 800 ℃; Reacted 20 hours, pyrolysis at high temperature takes place and generates carbon and hydrogen in methyl alcohol, wherein; Carbon laydown has formed Graphene at the LiFePO4 particle surface, because the existence of a small amount of steam is arranged, part carbon and water react and generates H simultaneously
2And CO, thereby form discrete Graphene.
In the lithium ion battery electrode material that present embodiment makes, the Graphene of coating is discontinuous closely attached to the LiFePO4 particle surface.The area that Graphene coats accounts for 99% of LiFePO4 particle total surface area.The mass ratio of discrete Graphene and LiFePO4 particle is 5%.
The HRTEM photo of the LiFePO4 particle that the discontinuous Graphene that Fig. 1 makes for the embodiment of the invention one coats.As shown in Figure 1, shown that the TEM behind the surperficial coated graphite alkene of LiFePO4 particle (black) schemes.As shown in Figure 1, LiFePO4 particle (black) surface is coated with 4～6 layer graphenes, and these graphene layer many places interrupt forming defective, are discontinuously arranged.
Embodiment two
The preparation method of the lithium ion battery electrode material that a kind of discontinuous Graphene coats; With identical among the embodiment one; Difference only is that electrode material is the lithium nickelate particle, and the methyl alcohol that feeds and the volume fraction of steam be respectively 90% and 0.1%, and inert gas is a nitrogen; Temperature in the controlled atmosphere furnace is 500 ℃, reacts 40 hours.In the lithium ion battery electrode material that present embodiment makes, the Graphene of coating is discontinuous closely attached to the lithium nickelate particle surface.The Graphene that coats is 4～8 layers a multi-layer graphene.The area that Graphene coats accounts for 99% of lithium nickelate particle total surface area.The mass ratio of discrete Graphene and lithium nickelate particle is 10%.
Embodiment three
The preparation method of the lithium ion battery electrode material that a kind of discontinuous Graphene coats; With identical among the embodiment one; Difference only is that electrode material is a phosphoric acid ferrimanganic lithium particle, and the ethyl acetate that feeds and the volume fraction of steam be respectively 1% and 15%, and inert gas is an argon gas; Temperature in the controlled atmosphere furnace is 1300 ℃, reacts 3 hours.In the lithium ion battery electrode material that present embodiment makes, the Graphene of coating is discontinuous closely attached to phosphoric acid ferrimanganic lithium particle surface.The Graphene that coats is 2～6 layers a multi-layer graphene.The area that Graphene coats accounts for 30% of phosphoric acid ferrimanganic lithium particle total surface area.The mass ratio of discrete Graphene and phosphoric acid ferrimanganic lithium particle is 0.2%.
Embodiment four
The preparation method of the lithium ion battery electrode material that a kind of discontinuous Graphene coats; With identical among the embodiment one; Difference only is that electrode material is the ferrosilicon silicate of lithium particle; And the acetone that feeds and the volume fraction of steam be respectively 60% and 5%, and the temperature in the controlled atmosphere furnace is 1000 ℃, reacts 10 hours.In the lithium ion battery electrode material that present embodiment makes, the Graphene of coating is discontinuous closely attached to the ferrosilicon silicate of lithium particle.The Graphene that coats is 3～6 layers a multi-layer graphene.The area that Graphene coats accounts for 50% of ferrosilicon silicate of lithium particle total surface area.The mass ratio of discrete Graphene and ferrosilicon silicate of lithium particle is 4%.
Embodiment five
The preparation method of the lithium ion battery electrode material that a kind of discontinuous Graphene coats; With identical among the embodiment one; Difference only is that electrode material is a natural graphite particles; And the methyl alcohol that feeds and the volume fraction of steam be respectively 45% and 8%, and the temperature in the controlled atmosphere furnace is 600 ℃, reacts 12 hours.In the lithium ion battery electrode material that present embodiment makes, the Graphene of coating is discontinuous closely attached to the natural graphite particles surface.The Graphene that coats is 3～6 layers a multi-layer graphene.The area that Graphene coats accounts for 50% of natural graphite particles total surface area.The mass ratio of discrete Graphene and natural graphite particles is 4%.
Embodiment six
The preparation method of the lithium ion battery electrode material that a kind of discontinuous Graphene coats; With identical among the embodiment one; Difference only is that electrode material is the carbonaceous mesophase spherules particle, and the acetone that feeds and the volume fraction of steam be respectively 1% and 15%, and inert gas is an argon gas; Temperature in the controlled atmosphere furnace is 1300 ℃, reacts 3 hours.In the lithium ion battery electrode material that present embodiment makes, the Graphene of coating is discontinuous closely attached to the carbonaceous mesophase spherules surface.The Graphene that coats is 2～6 layers a multi-layer graphene.The area that Graphene coats accounts for 30% of carbonaceous mesophase spherules total surface area.The mass ratio of discrete Graphene and carbonaceous mesophase spherules is 0.2%.
Embodiment seven
The preparation method of the lithium ion battery electrode material that a kind of discontinuous Graphene coats; With identical among the embodiment one; Difference only is that electrode material is the silicon stannum alloy particle, and the ethyl acetate that feeds and the volume fraction of steam be respectively 90% and 0.1%, and inert gas is a nitrogen; Temperature in the controlled atmosphere furnace is 500 ℃, reacts 40 hours.In the lithium ion battery electrode material that present embodiment makes, the Graphene of coating is discontinuous closely attached to the silicon stannum alloy particle surface.The Graphene that coats is 4～8 layers a multi-layer graphene.The area that Graphene coats accounts for 90% of silicon stannum alloy particle total surface area.The mass ratio of discrete Graphene and silicon stannum alloy particle is 10%.
Effect embodiment
For the beneficial effect to foregoing of the present invention provides strong data support, provide confirmatory experiment following at present.
The lithium iron phosphate positive material that the discontinuous Graphene that uses embodiment one to make coats is made 26650 batteries, is called Experimental cell.The test data of each parameter index of Experimental cell is shown in Fig. 2～6.
Fig. 2 is the gram volume resolution chart of Experimental cell.(a top line is the change in voltage curve, below a line be the electric current change curve) as shown in Figure 2, Experimental cell charging voltage platform is high, and constant voltage charging time is short, and discharge platform is high and very steady.Conducting electricity very well of the LiFePO 4 material that discontinuous Graphene coats.
Fig. 3 is the charging performance resolution chart of Experimental cell.As shown in Figure 3, the big multiplying power charging performance of Experimental cell is good, can carry out quick charge, the good conductivity of the LiFePO 4 material that discontinuous Graphene coats.
Fig. 4 is the multiplying power discharging property resolution chart of Experimental cell.As shown in Figure 4, the Experimental cell multiplying power discharging property is good, and 30C keeps more than 90%, the good conductivity of the LiFePO 4 material that discontinuous Graphene coats.
Fig. 5 is the cycle performance resolution chart of Experimental cell.As shown in Figure 5, the Experimental cell good cycle, 2000 capacity that circulate keep more than 85%.The coating of discontinuous Graphene strengthens conductivity, strengthen the absorption of electrolyte, improved the decay of battery capacity.
Fig. 6 is the cryogenic property resolution chart of Experimental cell.As shown in Figure 6, the Experimental cell cryogenic property is good, and-20 ℃ of following capability retentions reach more than 80%.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method of the lithium ion battery electrode material of a discontinuous Graphene coating is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
With positive electrode, positive electrode presoma or negative material, place sintering in the atmosphere furnace, feed oxygen-bearing organic matter; Feed steam simultaneously, and feed inert nitrogen gas and/or argon gas, the oxygen-bearing organic matter of feeding and the volume fraction of steam are respectively 1～90% and 0.1～15%; Temperature in the controlled atmosphere furnace is 500～1300 ℃; Reacted 3～40 hours, and be cooled to room temperature, obtain the lithium ion battery electrode material that discontinuous Graphene coats.
2. preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said positive electrode is one or more in cobalt acid lithium, lithium nickelate, LiMn2O4, ferrosilicon silicate of lithium, lithium manganese phosphate, phosphoric acid ferrimanganic lithium and the LiFePO4.
3. preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said negative material is one or more in lithium titanate, native graphite, Delanium, carbonaceous mesophase spherules, nano-silicon, silicon-carbon alloy, silicon stannum alloy and the ashbury metal.
4. preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said oxygen-bearing organic matter is one or more in alcohol, ketone, aldehyde, phenol, ether, ester, the carboxylic acids organic substance.
5. preparation method as claimed in claim 4; It is characterized in that said oxygen-bearing organic matter is one or more in methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, butanols, amylalcohol, acetone, butanone, 2 pentanone, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate and the pentyl acetate.
6. preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the volume fraction of said oxygen-bearing organic matter is 40～60%.
7. preparation method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the volume fraction of said oxygen-bearing organic matter is 45～55%.
8. preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the volume fraction of said steam is 5～10%.
9. preparation method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, the volume fraction of said steam is 7～8%.
10. preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the temperature in the said controlled atmosphere furnace is 800～1000 ℃, reacts 10～20 hours.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103811756A (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2014-05-21 | 福建省辉锐材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of graphene-graphite nodule composite material |
| CN103840134A (en) * | 2012-11-25 | 2014-06-04 | 福建省辉锐材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of lithium battery electrode plate based on graphene-graphite nodule composite material |
| CN105932282A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-09-07 | 湖南锂顺能源科技有限公司 | Lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN106920961A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-07-04 | 江苏元景锂粉工业有限公司 | The method of modifying of ternary material used by a kind of lithium ion battery |
| CN107026259A (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2017-08-08 | 北京大学 | A kind of graphene combination electrode material and preparation method and application |
| CN108899540A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-27 | 佛山市德方纳米科技有限公司 | Composite ferric lithium phosphate material and preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery |
| CN114156456A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-08 | 西北工业大学 | High-capacity rapid charge-discharge graphene @ hard carbon composite material, preparation method thereof and application of composite material in sodium ion battery |
| CN115588737A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-01-10 | 湖南东舟能源有限公司 | Preparation method of secondary modified lithium iron manganese phosphate, battery positive plate and battery |
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| CN103811756A (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2014-05-21 | 福建省辉锐材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of graphene-graphite nodule composite material |
| CN103840134A (en) * | 2012-11-25 | 2014-06-04 | 福建省辉锐材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of lithium battery electrode plate based on graphene-graphite nodule composite material |
| CN103840134B (en) * | 2012-11-25 | 2017-09-05 | 福建省辉锐材料科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the lithium battery electrode plate based on graphene graphite nodule composite |
| CN107026259A (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2017-08-08 | 北京大学 | A kind of graphene combination electrode material and preparation method and application |
| CN105932282A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-09-07 | 湖南锂顺能源科技有限公司 | Lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN106920961A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-07-04 | 江苏元景锂粉工业有限公司 | The method of modifying of ternary material used by a kind of lithium ion battery |
| CN108899540A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-27 | 佛山市德方纳米科技有限公司 | Composite ferric lithium phosphate material and preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery |
| CN114156456A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-08 | 西北工业大学 | High-capacity rapid charge-discharge graphene @ hard carbon composite material, preparation method thereof and application of composite material in sodium ion battery |
| CN115588737A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-01-10 | 湖南东舟能源有限公司 | Preparation method of secondary modified lithium iron manganese phosphate, battery positive plate and battery |
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