CN102408917A - High-density biomass fuel preparing system - Google Patents

High-density biomass fuel preparing system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102408917A
CN102408917A CN2011103066168A CN201110306616A CN102408917A CN 102408917 A CN102408917 A CN 102408917A CN 2011103066168 A CN2011103066168 A CN 2011103066168A CN 201110306616 A CN201110306616 A CN 201110306616A CN 102408917 A CN102408917 A CN 102408917A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
biomass
combustible gas
gas
density
fuel
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Pending
Application number
CN2011103066168A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
胡松
江龙
孙路石
向军
苏胜
许凯
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN2011103066168A priority Critical patent/CN102408917A/en
Publication of CN102408917A publication Critical patent/CN102408917A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-density biomass fuel preparing system comprising a screw feeder, a biomass gasification furnace, a cyclone separator, an air preheater, a combustible gas purifier, a draught fan, a gas holder, a fuel internal-combustion engine, a power output shaft, a generator, a speed reducer and a biomass extrusion molding machine, wherein the biomass raw material is fed through the screw feeder into the biomass gasification furnace so as to be gasified and the combustible gas generated thereby is removed from dust by the cyclone separator and then preheated by the air preheater and then enters the combustible gas purifier; the purified clean combustible gas is fed into the gas holder through the draught fan; the fuel internal-combustion engine burns the combustible gas from the gas holder, thus changing the chemical energy of the biomass fuel into mechanical energy; the mechanical energy is used for driving the power output shaft to rotate so as to drive the generator to generate power; and simultaneously, after the power output shaft achieves an appropriate rotating speed through the speed reducer, the power output shaft drives the biomass extrusion molding machine to prepare the high-density biomass fuel. Compared with the existing forming equipment, the high-density biomass fuel preparing system realizes zero power consumption, and is capable of extruding biomass particles on the spot, flexible in running and convenient to operate; therefore, the storage and transportation costs of the biomass fuel can be greatly reduced.

Description

A kind of high-density biology matter fuel preparation system
Technical field
The invention belongs to biomass and prepare technical field, be specifically related to a kind of removable incorporated high density biomass fuel preparation system.
Technical background
Now; Day by day outstanding energy dilemma and problem of environmental pollution have seriously restricted Chinese economic development; Particularly " 12 " beginning, China is faced with severe more energy-saving and emission-reduction task, and greatly developing renewable and clean energy resource is the most important thing that solves the energy and environment problem.Biomass energy is as a kind of low-sulfur, low nitrogen and CO 2The renewable and clean energy resource of " zero release " is to address the above problem one of most important technological approaches.China is an agriculture prodn big country, agro-ecology matter aboundresources.Annual agriculture prodn waste output is about 6.5 hundred million tons, and by 2015, YO can reach 7.3 hundred million tons, can produce 12 * 10 15The energy of MJ.But biomass resource is because its accumulation is loose, energy density is low; The transportation storage takes up room greatly, cost is high; Seriously restricted the large-scale application of biomass energy; For solving " bottleneck " of above-mentioned biomass resource utilization, can adopt biomass material is prepared into high-density biology matter fuel technology.High-density biology matter fuel preparation system mainly adopts electric energy to drive the work of biomass extrusion machine at present, and energy consumption is high, and efficient is lower, and system device needs fixed power source and working space, and its economic benefit is also pessimistic.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the integral system of a kind of " zero power consumption " preparation high-density biology matter fuel; This system can be installed on the conveying equipments such as truck; Prepare high-density biology matter granular fuel in the biomass country of origin on the spot, thereby greatly reduce the carrying cost of biomass fuel.
A kind of high-density biology matter fuel preparation system; It comprises screw feeder 1, biomass gasifying furnace 2, cyclonic separator 3, air preheater 4, combustible gas purifying device 6, induced draft fan 7, gas storage holder 8, gas internal-combustion engine 9, PTO 10, generator 11, speed reduction unit 12 and biomass extrusion molding machine 13; Biomass material gets into gasification in the biomass gasifying furnace 2 through screw feeder 1; The combustible gas that produces gets into air preheater 4 heat exchange after cyclonic separator 3 dedustings; Pass through combustible gas purifying device 6 again, the clean combustible gas after the purification is sent in the gas storage holder 8 through induced draft fan 7, and gas internal-combustion engine 9 burnings are from the combustible gas of gas storage holder 8; The chemical energy of biological fuel gas is converted into mechanical energy; Drive PTO 10 and rotate, drive generator 11 generatings, reach suitable rotational speed rear drive biomass extrusion molding machine 13 preparation high-density biology matter fuel through speed reduction unit 12 again.
But screw feeder 1 continuous feeding is given vapourizing furnace 2 in the said high-density biology matter fuel preparation system; Cyclonic separator 3 can remove the entrained dust of combustible gas gasification and most of tar and moisture; But air preheater 4 preheating fans 5 are sent into the air of vapourizing furnace 2; Combustible gas purifying device 6 can further remove the tar and the moisture of not caught by cyclonic separator in the combustible gas gasification; Induced draft fan 7 overcomes the pressure-losses that pipeline, cyclonic separator 3 and combustible gas purifying device 6 are brought, and for the combustible gas gasification gets into gas storage holder 8 certain pressure is provided; Gas storage holder 8 is stablized provides gas internal-combustion engine 9 work required combustion gas, and can play final Water purification to combustion gas; Gas internal-combustion engine 9 provides generator 11 and the required kinetic energy of biomass extrusion molding machine 13 actings; Generator 11 is supplied with screw feeder 1, fan 5 and the required electric energy of induced draft fan 7 work.
Said high-density biology matter fuel preparation system is placed on the mobile platform 15, and mobile platform 15 can be positioned on the mobile equipments such as truck, is movable to the biomass country of origin and prepares high-density biology matter fuel on the spot.
During the present invention used, biomass material produced the combustible gas gasification through vapourizing furnace, was stored in gas storage holder through gas cleaning device; Combustible gas gasification in the gas internal-combustion engine burning gas storage holder; The chemical energy of combustible gas gasification is converted into mechanical energy, drives PTO and rotate, drive generator for electricity generation; Drive the biomass extrusion molding machine work that links to each other with speed reduction unit simultaneously, preparation biological substance shaped granule fuel.Compare with existing molding device, the present invention realizes " zero power consumption ", can realize CO 2" near zero release ", and equipment is removable, and flexible operation is easy to operate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system architecture synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the selectable lower suction type biomass gasifying furnace of a present invention structural representation.
Fig. 3 is the selectable ring model extrusion of a present invention machine structural representation.
Wherein 1, screw feeder, 2, biomass gasifying furnace, 3, cyclonic separator, 4, air preheater, 5, fan, 6, the combustible gas purifying device; 7, induced draft fan, 8, gas storage holder, 9, gas internal-combustion engine, 10, PTO, 11, generator; 12, speed reduction unit, 13, biomass extrusion molding machine, 14, the extrusion molding machine inlet capable, 15, mobile platform, 16, the tail gas venting port; 17, ash bucket, 18, sieve plate, 19, air blast inlet, 20, baffle plate, 21, gas outlet; 22, ring mould, 23, ring mould nib, 24, pressure roller, 25, the pressure roller bolster
Embodiment
A kind of removable incorporated high density biomass fuel preparation system comprises screw feeder 1, biomass gasifying furnace 2, cyclonic separator 3, air preheater 4, fan 5, combustible gas purifying device 6, induced draft fan 7, gas storage holder 8, gas internal-combustion engine 9, PTO 10, generator 11, speed reduction unit 12 and biomass extrusion molding machine 13.
Among Fig. 1; Biomass material gets into gasification in the biomass gasifying furnace 2 through screw feeder 1, and the combustible gas of generation gets into the air that air preheater 4 preheating fans 5 are sent into vapourizing furnace 2 after getting into cyclonic separator 3 dedustings, passes through combustible gas purifying device 6 again; Clean combustible gas after the purification is sent in the gas storage holder 8 through induced draft fan 7; Gas internal-combustion engine 9 burning is from the combustible gas of gas storage holder 8, and the chemical energy of biological fuel gas is converted into mechanical energy, drives PTO 10 and rotates; Drive generator 11 generatings, reach suitable rotational speed rear drive biomass extrusion molding machine 13 preparation high-density biology matter fuel through speed reduction unit 12 simultaneously.The all devices pedestal all is fixed on the mobile platform 15, and mobile platform 15 is loaded on the transportation equipments such as truck and can moves flexibly.
Wherein the ignition phase screw feeder 1, and fan 5 is supplied with by the entrained power supply of transportation equipments such as truck with the required electric energy of induced draft fan 7 work, switches to generator 11 power supplies after the system that treats is stable.
Wherein biomass gasifying furnace 2 embodiments can be selected fixed bed for use; Fluidized-bed and several kinds of different gasification technologies such as air flow bed combine a kind of gasification technology (lower suction type vapourizing furnace) to further specify at this, and be as shown in Figure 2; The lower suction type vapourizing furnace is divided into inner chamber and exocoel; Inner chamber is a reaction zone, and exocoel mainly is the purified gas gasification, and inner chamber is played certain insulation effect.Biomass material gets into lower suction type vapourizing furnace inner chamber through screw feeder 1; Dry through drying zone; Get into the cracking zone cracking and produce charcoal and fugitive constituent; Part charcoal and fugitive constituent are emitted the necessary heat of gasification reaction in the oxygen generation oxidizing reaction of oxidation zone and 19 entering of air blast inlet, and the oxygen of blast inlet 19 is through air preheater 4 preheatings simultaneously.Remaining do not have the charcoal of reaction to get into the CO that the reduction zone last stage of reduction produces 2With water vapour etc., produce CO, H 2Deng combustible gas; Ash bucket 17 is fallen into through steel alloy sieve plate 18 in the back; Produced simultaneously combustible gas gets into the vapourizing furnace exocoels through steel alloy sieve plate 18, has the baffle plate 20 of certain angle (preferred 45 °), the dust that carries in the prefiltration combustible gas through staggered and body of heater; Moisture and tar etc. discharge out of the furnace through gas outlet 21 then.Biomass gasifying furnace blast pipe shower nozzle is " mushroom " in this embodiment, can realize balanced ventilation, optimizes the oxidation zone burning, and can be through regulating the air output size, and wide cut ground adapts to the gasification of different zones different sorts biomass.
Wherein combustible gas purifying device 6 embodiments are the dry purification technology, interior dress gac, and detachable displacement, the gac after the displacement can get into the vapourizing furnace gasification with biomass material and recycle environmentally safe.
Wherein the weary gas after gas internal-combustion engine 9 burnings is discharged from tail gas venting port 16, and the high-temperature gas that tail gas venting port 16 is discharged can be made the dried biomass raw material, purposes such as secondary air preheating.
Wherein biomass extrusion molding machine 13 embodiments can be selected single-lead-screw extruding briquetting machines such as ring mould, flat film, roll shaft, hydraulic pressure for use; The selected biomass ring model extrusion machine of this embodiment further specifies, and is as shown in Figure 3, and the powdered biological raw material is sent into ring mould extrusion machine 13 through ring mould extrusion machine opening for feed 14; Active force output shaft 10 drives ring mould 22 and rotates; Under the driving of ring mould 22, utilize material to be distributed in the frictional force that the gap produces between ring mould 22 and the pressure roller 24, drive pressure roller 24 and rotate; Two pressure rollers 24 are supported by pressure roller back shaft 25; The squeeze that pressure roller 24 produces is clamp-oned moulding nib 23 with material by force, along with material is constantly clamp-oned moulding nib 23 and final compressing becomes bar-shaped, after reaching certain-length since mass force and influence of gravity and voluntarily fracture fall into discharge port.

Claims (5)

1. high-density biology matter fuel preparation system; It is characterized in that: it comprises screw feeder (1), biomass gasifying furnace (2), cyclonic separator (3), air preheater (4), combustible gas purifying device (6), induced draft fan (7), gas storage holder (8), gas internal-combustion engine (9), PTO (10), generator (11), speed reduction unit (12) and biomass extrusion molding machine (13); Biomass material is sent into gasification in the biomass gasifying furnace (2) through screw feeder (1); Get into air preheater (4) heat exchange after combustible gas process cyclonic separator (3) dedusting that produces; Combustible gas after the heat exchange is sent in the gas storage holder (8) through induced draft fan (7) after gas purifier (6) purifies; Combustible gas in gas internal-combustion engine (9) the burning gas storage holder (8) is converted into mechanical energy with the chemical energy of biological fuel gas, drives PTO (10) and rotates; Drive generator (11) generating, and reach suitable rotational speed rear drive biomass extrusion molding machine (13) preparation high-density biology matter fuel through speed reduction unit (12).
2. high-density biology matter fuel preparation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said biomass gasifying furnace (2) adopts fixed bed or fluidized-bed or air flow bed reactor drum.
3. high-density biology matter fuel preparation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said biomass extrusion molding machine (13) is selected any one in ring mould, flat film, roll shaft, the hydraulic pressure single-lead-screw extruding briquetting machine for use.
4. high-density biology matter fuel preparation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said cyclonic separator (3) is the two stage cyclone separator.
5. high-density biology matter fuel preparation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: fill gac in the said combustible gas purifying device (6).
CN2011103066168A 2011-10-11 2011-10-11 High-density biomass fuel preparing system Pending CN102408917A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104152182A (en) * 2014-08-21 2014-11-19 潘凡峰 Biomass gasification power generation method
CN105018145A (en) * 2014-04-22 2015-11-04 上海龙阳环保工程有限公司 Domestic garbage pyrolysis gasification power generation system
CN107109260A (en) * 2014-08-22 2017-08-29 简单方法***公司 Industrial waste for converting various sources is the equipment, system and method for energy
CN115109619A (en) * 2022-05-25 2022-09-27 华中科技大学 Biomass gasification furnace, double-furnace gasification device and biomass gasification system

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101085939A (en) * 2006-06-07 2007-12-12 北京盛昌绿能科技有限公司 Biomass composite solid forming fuel and preparation method thereof
CN101158312A (en) * 2007-09-14 2008-04-09 武汉力人投资有限公司 Power generation method using biomass

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101085939A (en) * 2006-06-07 2007-12-12 北京盛昌绿能科技有限公司 Biomass composite solid forming fuel and preparation method thereof
CN101158312A (en) * 2007-09-14 2008-04-09 武汉力人投资有限公司 Power generation method using biomass

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105018145A (en) * 2014-04-22 2015-11-04 上海龙阳环保工程有限公司 Domestic garbage pyrolysis gasification power generation system
CN104152182A (en) * 2014-08-21 2014-11-19 潘凡峰 Biomass gasification power generation method
CN107109260A (en) * 2014-08-22 2017-08-29 简单方法***公司 Industrial waste for converting various sources is the equipment, system and method for energy
CN107109260B (en) * 2014-08-22 2021-09-10 简单方法***公司 Apparatus, system and method for converting industrial waste of various sources into energy
CN115109619A (en) * 2022-05-25 2022-09-27 华中科技大学 Biomass gasification furnace, double-furnace gasification device and biomass gasification system

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Application publication date: 20120411