CN102408164A - Method for in-situ rapidly removing lake-flooding deposits - Google Patents
Method for in-situ rapidly removing lake-flooding deposits Download PDFInfo
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- CN102408164A CN102408164A CN201010288173XA CN201010288173A CN102408164A CN 102408164 A CN102408164 A CN 102408164A CN 201010288173X A CN201010288173X A CN 201010288173XA CN 201010288173 A CN201010288173 A CN 201010288173A CN 102408164 A CN102408164 A CN 102408164A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for in-situ rapidly removing lake-flooding deposits, which uses a three-step removal method and aims at the characteristic of lake-flooding deposits pollutant. In the first step, a natural polymeric flocculant is used for rapidly flocculating and depositing colloidal state and particulate form pollutant in a lake-flooding deposits water area; in the second step, a natural clay mineral is used for loading nano bubble, a dissolved pollutant in the lake-flooding deposits water area can be removed with high efficiency, and an anaerobic sludge state can be reversed; in the third step, natural sandstones are sprayed to the lake-flooding deposits water area for preventing secondary pollution caused by regeneration of pollutant and sediment. The method of the invention has the advantages of economy and safety, is capable of in-situ rapidly removing large area lake-flooding deposits with high efficiency, and can be used in emergent treatment for lakes, rivers or reservoirs.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of natural materials original position and remove the general method in big area lake in lake and the river course fast by ecological security, readily biodegradable.The present invention belongs to water environment pollution to administer the field.
Background technology
" lake is general " (also claim Heisui River group or sewage group) be meant the lake eutrophication water body break out in a large number, gather in algae and death after; Under suitable meteorology, hydrologic condition; Under anoxic and anaerobic condition, produce biochemical reaction with the organism in the bed mud; Discharge thioether class materials such as sulfide, methane and dimethyltrisulfide, form brown-black with malodorous " Heisui River group ", thereby cause the phenomenon that water quality worsens rapidly, the ecosystem receives havoc." lake is general " mainly is the result of body eutrophication, and its generation is to be induced by a plurality of factors: 1) blue-green algae breaks out and accumulation, death on a large scale; 2) lakebed has the bed mud of high organic to exist; 3) water temperature is higher, wind-force is less, air pressure is lower, is unfavorable for water reoxygenation.This process is that blue-green algae breaks out the back in case receive factor affecting such as allogenic material, high organic bed mud and abrupt change of climate, and the balance of succession of the old by the new is broken suddenly in the blue-green algae self-sow process, blue-green algae bulk deposition, death; Sink and decomposition; Exhaust oxygen in water, make water-bed mud interface get into anaerobic state, high organic bed mud and the two acting in conjunction of dead algae; Under anaerobic produce and wave thioether class materials such as voltinism sulfide, dimethyltrisulfide; Heavy metal chemical combination in volatile sulfur compounds and the bed mud and form the blackening material is influenced by lake stormy waves and hydrodynamic condition in the adsorption-condensation process, suspends to form " Heisui River group ".So the principal pollutant of " Heisui River group " are the mixtures of volatility The dissolved smell substance, colloidal attitude and particulate form nutritive salt and resuspending bed mud.
At present, the industrialization of the country rapidly emerges, and bigger variation takes place the agriculture prodn mode, population is assembled in a large number, and standard of living improves day by day, but environment protection but relatively lags behind, and this brings to water surrounding and seriously influences.From the nineties in 20th century, " lake is general " phenomenon once repeatedly appearred in Hu Xi waters, Taihu Lake, Mei Lianghu, Gong Hu, surveyed record factually, and " lake is general " phenomenon took place 5 times in 2007 in the past altogether.Since in April, 2007; The Taihu Lake basin high temperature and little rainfall, water level of tai hu is on the low side, and blue-green algae is broken out in the part waters on a large scale by the end of May; " lake is general " appears near the spring factory of south, Wuxi; Badly influence drinking water source ground, Wuxi City Taihu Lake, cause the water supply crisis of Wuxi City, the life of nearly 2,000,000 populations of Wuxi City is affected." lake is general " appearred again in nearshore waters, Yixing, Wuxi, Taihu Lake on the 26th May in 2008, and maximum area reaches 17km
2" lake is general " took place 11 times in Taihu Lake altogether in 2009, serious harm local aquatic ecosystem.It is thus clear that " lake is general " is easy in following waters, take place: the zone that 1) stream entering lake is more and pollutant discharge amount is bigger; 2) body mud in lake distributes thicker with stream mud; 3) algae is prone to the accumulative zone; 4) the not smooth arm of lake of lake region current; 5) zone of " lake is general " often takes place in history.
To the characteristics of " lake is general ", at present, the method for administering " lake is general " mainly contains blue-green algae salvaging, ecological dredging engineering, control source and cuts dirt and water diversion project.Blue-green algae is salvaged can directly reduce nitrogen, the phosphorus nutrition salt in the water; Avoid blue-green algae to pile up, reduce the lake eutrophication degree, but because the blue-green algae salvaging needs the great amount of manpower and material resources input; And salvage the blue-green algae that gets up and need badly innoxious and recycling treatment; Otherwise can cause the secondary pollution of terrestrial environment again, so, be difficult to play emergent fast effect for big area sudden " lake is general " incident.Implement the ecological dredging engineering, not only can remove lake body endogenous pollution thing, can also reduce the release of nitrogen in the bed mud, phosphorus; Can effectively improve water quality and substrate; But desilting requirement of engineering substantial contribution and equipment input, and desilting upset the ecologic structure of original food web in the bed mud might cause destructive destruction to dwell hydrobiont and microflora of the end; So the general careful usefulness of this method, this has just limited its promoting the use of of extensive many waters.It is a kind of external source groundwater pollution control that dirty method is cut in the control source, and pollutant discharge amount that can strict control stream entering lake adheres to that for a long time will help the rehabilitation in lake, still, for the short-term Emergency management, this method is difficult to play the effect of getting instant result.Water diversion project is considered strategically, can inject the cleaning water source for the lake, accelerates water body and flows and exchange water cycle; Thereby improve water body self-purification ability and environmental capacity, still, this method relates to many-sided environment and ecological hidden danger; Need to drop into a large amount of human and material resources and fund, and will carry out secular strategy and prepare, and still need assess for a long time for Ecosystem System Influence; So in the face of burst " lake is general " incident the time, this method also can't be separated the matter of great urgency.In recent years, aspect the improvement of lake pollution thing, the inventor has proposed serial of methods.In the world, at first with modified clay algae removal technology (English Patent GB2337749; CN1417136; CN1418825) be applied to the fresh water bloom governing problem, making expediently, the local water of soil remediation becomes possible (Pan, G..et al., Environmental Pollution 2006, continuous three pieces of serial papers).But; The clay algae removal technology is merely able to flocculating settling accumulative frond; But can't eliminate the smell pollution thing of The dissolved, and can't stop the resuspending of bed mud, can't resolve secondary pollution problem thereupon; For this reason, Pan Gang etc. has proposed modified clay oxygenation phosphor fixation technique (CN200310113305.5 again in succession; CN200510063410.1) and utilize nano bubble to repair lake and anaerobic bottom mud (application number: 200910080563.5) and the method (application number: 201010104189.0) of big area elimination smell substance; Both reduced sedimental phosphorus burst size; Effectively improved the anaerobic environment at water-mud interface again; And played the effect of eliminating the The dissolved pollutent; But phosphor fixation technique and nano bubble technology all are primarily aimed at the anaerobism and the The dissolved pollutent at water-mud interface, can't remove colloidal state and particulate form pollutent simultaneously.Pan Gang in 2005 etc. proposed to remove wawter bloom fast again and algal tufa were transformed into the method (CN1769198A) of submerged vegetation at the bottom; And applied for international monopoly, and though having played, this has improved water quality, avoided algal tufa to rise once more and bed mud secondary pollution problem; Promote the purpose that submerged vegetation recovers; But submerged plant need after all to recover considerable time, and from " lake is general " emergent angle, this method still can't be separated the matter of great urgency.Therefore; Seek a kind of economy, safety, rapidly and efficiently; The dissolved pollutent, colloidal state and particulate form pollutent in can the former bit clear of big area " lake is general ", and the technology that prevents the substrate resuspending emergency case that become reply Taihu Lake " lake is general " with administer the Taihu Lake eutrophication and need the key issue of solution badly, yet; At present, do not see also that both at home and abroad the related patent U.S. Patent No. technology reports to some extent.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of original position to remove the general method in lake fast; Specifically, be characteristics to " lake is general " pollutent, adopt " three steps " removing method; The first step is sprayed onto natural macromolecule flocculating agent in " lake is general " waters; Colloidal state in the rapid flocculation sedimentation waters and particulate form pollutent, second step made nano bubble in the natural clay mineral load, the efficient The dissolved pollutent of removing in " lake is general " waters; And reverse bed mud anaerobic state; The 3rd step prevented the formation secondary pollution of rising once more of pollutent and bed mud to the natural sandstone of " lake is general " waters spreading, can original position rapidly and efficiently remove " lake is general " like this, and sudden " lake is general " incident provides solution in lake, river course or the reservoir in order to tackle.
According to an aspect of the present invention, described removing method is characterized in that; The first step makes clarification of water with colloidal state and particulate form pollutent that the sedimentation of natural macromolecule flocculating agent rapid flocculation suspends, and second step was utilized nano bubble efficiently to remove the The dissolved pollutent in the water and reversed the bed mud anaerobic state; The natural sandstone of the 3rd step spreading just can play the effect that prevents that pollutent and bed mud from suspending; Three procedure have successively, unite use, just can play the purpose of thorough removing " lake is general ".
The natural macromolecule flocculating agent that uses in the described first step; It is characterized in that, be natural polymers, be in chitin and verivate, chitosan and the natural microbial flocculation agents such as verivate, XG 550 thereof one or more; The effect of efficient flocculating colloidal state and particulate form pollutent is arranged; And ecological security, readily biodegradable can the polluted water environment.
The natural clay mineral that uses in described second step; It is characterized in that, be selected from untainted original position soil around the lake, perhaps close clay mineral with the lake substrate; Like in the clay minerals such as illite, polynite, attapulgite, wilkinite, kaolin, sepiolite, zeyssatite, zeolite, potter's clay, china clay, white clay one or several; Cheap and easy to get, ecological security can not influence water surrounding.
The dosage of described natural macromolecule flocculating agent and natural clay mineral is characterized in that, the two successively divides other dosage when 1～50mg/l; The clearance of frustule can reach 50.0%～99.0%, compares with the chemical floc of identical dosage, and it is little that the present invention has usage quantity; Flocculating effect is good; Characteristics such as instant effect, the two ratio can be determined on a case-by-case basis, proportional range 1: 1-1: 50 (v/m).
The nano bubble that uses in described second step is characterized in that, can be ozone nanometer bubble, oxygen nano bubble or air nano bubble; It is little that nano bubble has a particle diameter; Specific surface area is big, and active high characteristics can efficiently be removed the The dissolved pollutent in the water.
The mode of loading of described nano bubble; It is characterized in that; Produce nano bubble through ultrasonic or nano-bubble generating apparatus and make in the vesicular structure of its solid particulate that directly loads to natural clay mineral, through the absorption folder year effect of solid particulate matter, nano bubble can stably be brought in water body and the substrate with solid particulate; Because the variation of conditions such as temperature, pressure and dissolved oxygen; Slow release oxygen in water body and substrate again, thus oxygen level and redox potential improved, reverse the bed mud anaerobic state.
The natural sandstone that use in the described third step is characterized in that, derive from natural river course, sandy beach, desert, are one or more of river sand, sea sand, silica sand, nighttide sand, calcareous sand and sandy soil.Natural sand coarse aggregate ratio is great, and the aqueous vapor permeability is good, and ecological security possesses good covering substrate, prevents the effect of flco resuspending.
The sprinkling in the described first step and the mode of the spreading in the third step is characterized in that, according to the area size in " lake is general " waters; Can perhaps spray the mode that mechanisms such as ship, aircraft are implemented through implementing manually, when " lake is general " Heisui River group occurs; At first spray natural macromolecule flocculating agent flocculation colloidal state and particulate form pollutent; Sprayed load then the natural clay mineral of nano bubble remove the The dissolved pollutent, natural sandstone of spreading again cover settled flco at last; Prevent to cause the resuspending of flco and bed mud, thereby cause the secondary pollution of water body owing to reasons such as wave disturbance, ship walkings.
According to a further aspect in the invention; Provide a kind of original position to remove the general method in lake fast; It is characterized in that; Utilize ecological security, the natural clay mineral of nano bubble is successively removed colloidal state and particulate form pollutent, the The dissolved pollutent in " lake is general " Heisui River group in natural macromolecule flocculating agent cheap and easy to get, the load, thereby has avoided the secondary pollution problem of water body through covering resuspending that natural sandstone have prevented flco and bed mud at last.This invention through three-step combined removing way can be economical, safety, the former bit clear of big area " lake is general " quickly and efficiently, this invention is to tackle that sudden " lake is general " incident provides solution route rapidly and efficiently in lake, river course or the reservoir.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flocculating effect of natural macromolecule flocculating agent chitosan to " lake is general " on-the-spot water sample
Fig. 2 is The dissolved pollutent (the different borneol of dimethyltrisulfide and the dimethyl-) effect in the on-the-spot water sample of ozone nanometer bubble removal " lake is general "
Fig. 3 is that sea sand and soil cover the contrast that pollutent suppresses the resuspending effect
Embodiment
Give further detailed explanation through embodiment to technology of the present invention below.
Embodiment 1 natural macromolecule flocculating agent is to the flocculating effect experiment of " lake is general "
To the on-the-spot lake water of the hydraucone of taking from Taihu Lake, Wuxi " lake is general "; Utilize 10mg/L chitosan (final concentration) to remove the colloidal state and the particulate form pollutent of the suspension in " lake is general " water sample, stirred settling of floccus immediately 20min minute after adding chitosan; Soon Heisui River becomes clear; As shown in the figure, No. 5 and No. 6 water samples are obviously clarified than No. 1 contrast water sample after processing, and the black pollution thing of suspension all becomes settling of floccus in beaker bottom.
Embodiment 2 nano bubbles are removed the The dissolved pollutent effect experiment of " lake is general "
The on-the-spot lake water of hydraucone " lake is general " to Taihu Lake, Wuxi; Adopt the method elder generation rapid large-area of instance 1 to remove general district, lake No. 1 and No. 2 interior colloidal state and the particulate form pollutents of enclosure, then, adopted the littoral cleaning soil of Taihu Lake, Wuxi Shi Bawan of 180 mesh sieves; With clear water it is made into suspension liquid; With ozonizer to the suspension liquid ozone 30min that exposes to the sun, ultrasonic then 3min, the soil solution with ozone nanometer bubble in the load is sprayed in general district, the lake enclosure again; The content of general district, lake The dissolved pollutent dimethyltrisulfide and the different borneol of dimethyl-is as shown in Figure 2 before and after spraying; The content of pollutent has decline significantly, and the clearance of dimethyltrisulfide is greater than 75%, and the clearance of the different borneol of dimethyl-is greater than 58%.
Embodiment 3 natural sandstone suppress the experiment of resuspending effect
The bank sand of choosing littoral cleaning soil of Taihu Lake, Wuxi Shi Bawan and Huanghai Sea Yantai seashore shining upon natural air drying down, pulverizes grinding as covering material then, crosses 180 eye mesh screens with subsequent use; To the on-the-spot lake water of the hydraucone of taking from Taihu Lake, Wuxi " lake is general ",, and then, leave standstill after the 1h like the The dissolved pollutent in the removal of the method in the instance 2 water sample earlier like colloidal state and particulate form pollutent in the instance 1 described method flocculating settling water sample; Cover the black flco of No. 5 and No. 6 water samples more respectively with soil and sand, spreading is even, makes the spreading thickness of material reach 1cm, and does not cover any material on the black flco of contrast water sample; After leaving standstill 1h, the supernatant clarification is then with 40; 60,80 and 100 rev/mins rotating speed stirs respectively No. 5, No. 6 supernatants with control sample; It is as shown in Figure 3 to suppress the resuspending effect, and in the time of 40 rev/mins, the supernatant of No. 5 and No. 6 water samples is still clarified; Contrast water sample supernatant has PM for particulate matter to suspend slightly, from 60 rev/mins, no longer clarifies with the supernatant that contrasts water sample for No. 5; Substrate begins to rise, rotating speed is high more rise serious more, and No. 6 samples since spreading sand; Supernatant all keeps clarification in the time of 60 and 80 rev/mins, and up to 100 rev/mins, supernatant just has fine sand to rise slightly.It is thus clear that the inhibition resuspending effect of natural sandstone is remarkable more.
Claims (8)
1. an original position is removed the general method in lake fast, it is characterized in that, to the characteristics of " lake is general " pollutent; Adopt " three steps " removing method; The first step is sprayed onto natural macromolecule flocculating agent in " lake is general " waters, colloidal state in the rapid flocculation sedimentation waters and particulate form pollutent, and second step made nano bubble in the natural clay mineral load; The efficient The dissolved pollutent of removing in " lake is general " waters; And reverse the bed mud anaerobic state, the 3rd step prevented the formation secondary pollution of rising once more of pollutent and bed mud to the natural sandstone of " lake is general " waters spreading, just can play the purpose of thorough removing " lake is general ".
2. the method for claim 1; It is characterized in that; The natural macromolecule flocculating agent that uses in the described first step is natural polymers, is in chitin and verivate, chitosan and the natural microbial flocculation agents such as verivate, XG 550 thereof one or more.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the natural clay mineral that uses in described second step is selected from untainted original position soil around the lake, one or several in perhaps close with the lake substrate clay mineral.
4. like claim 1; 3 and 4 described methods; It is characterized in that when 1～50mg/l, the clearance of frustule can reach 50.0%～99.0% to the dosage of described natural macromolecule flocculating agent and natural clay mineral respectively; The two ratio can be determined on a case-by-case basis, proportional range 1: 1-1: 50 (v/m).
5. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the nano bubble that uses in described second step is ozone nanometer bubble, oxygen nano bubble or air nano bubble.
6. like claim 1 and 6 described methods, it is characterized in that the mode of loading of described nano bubble is to produce nano bubble through ultrasonic or nano-bubble generating apparatus to make in the vesicular structure of its solid particulate that directly loads to natural clay mineral.Absorption folder through solid particulate matter carries effect, and nano bubble can stably be brought in water body and the substrate.
7. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the natural sandstone that use in the described third step derive from natural river course, sandy beach, desert, is one or more of river sand, sea sand, silica sand, nighttide sand, calcareous sand and sandy soil.
8. the method for claim 1; It is characterized in that; The sprinkling in the described first step and the mode of the spreading in the third step are the area sizes according to " lake is general " waters, can perhaps spray mechanisms such as ship, aircraft and implement through implementing manually.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105753126A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-07-13 | 路林茫 | Surface water body total-condensation in-situ purification method |
| CN106242195A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2016-12-21 | 浙江清华长三角研究院 | A kind of method utilizing Ecological Measures to improve water bodies of rivers and lakes transparency |
| CN106365282A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-02-01 | 天津市环境保护科学研究院 | Method for flocculating and removing blue algae through dual-polymer composition and application of dual-polymer composition |
| CN107311314A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-03 | 上海淘钿农业生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method of black-odor riverway restoration of the ecosystem in situ |
| CN108483623A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-09-04 | 重庆大学 | A kind of oxygen slow-release material and preparation method thereof and preparation facilities improving water bottom environment |
| CN111018242A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-17 | 湖南本农环境科技有限公司 | Black odorous water treatment method |
| CN113149339A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-07-23 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Composite material for treating blue algae bloom and its use |
| CN115159683A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-10-11 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Simulated sediment aggregate and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN101200315A (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2008-06-18 | 南京师范大学 | Sediment covered restoring method for eutrophic water |
| CN101503238A (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2009-08-12 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Method for repairing lake and anaerobic bottom mud by nano bubble |
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2010
- 2010-09-21 CN CN201010288173.XA patent/CN102408164B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101200315A (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2008-06-18 | 南京师范大学 | Sediment covered restoring method for eutrophic water |
| CN101503238A (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2009-08-12 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Method for repairing lake and anaerobic bottom mud by nano bubble |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105753126A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-07-13 | 路林茫 | Surface water body total-condensation in-situ purification method |
| CN106242195A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2016-12-21 | 浙江清华长三角研究院 | A kind of method utilizing Ecological Measures to improve water bodies of rivers and lakes transparency |
| CN106242195B (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2019-05-10 | 浙江清华长三角研究院 | A method of improving water bodies of rivers and lakes transparency using Ecological Measures |
| CN106365282A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-02-01 | 天津市环境保护科学研究院 | Method for flocculating and removing blue algae through dual-polymer composition and application of dual-polymer composition |
| CN107311314A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-03 | 上海淘钿农业生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method of black-odor riverway restoration of the ecosystem in situ |
| CN107311314B (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2021-01-12 | 上海淘钿农业生物科技有限公司 | In-situ ecological restoration method for black and odorous riverway |
| CN108483623A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-09-04 | 重庆大学 | A kind of oxygen slow-release material and preparation method thereof and preparation facilities improving water bottom environment |
| CN111018242A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-17 | 湖南本农环境科技有限公司 | Black odorous water treatment method |
| CN113149339A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-07-23 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Composite material for treating blue algae bloom and its use |
| CN115159683A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-10-11 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Simulated sediment aggregate and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115159683B (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2023-05-16 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Simulated sediment aggregate and preparation method and application thereof |
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