CN102405193A - Catalytic water treatment method and apparatus - Google Patents
Catalytic water treatment method and apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102405193A CN102405193A CN2010800170407A CN201080017040A CN102405193A CN 102405193 A CN102405193 A CN 102405193A CN 2010800170407 A CN2010800170407 A CN 2010800170407A CN 201080017040 A CN201080017040 A CN 201080017040A CN 102405193 A CN102405193 A CN 102405193A
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Images
Classifications
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F5/08—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/10—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
- C02F2201/006—Cartridges
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/22—Eliminating or preventing deposits, scale removal, scale prevention
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
- Dairy Products (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to methods, apparatuses, and systems for treating water. The methods, apparatuses and systems reduce solubilized water hardness using various water treatment agents bound to a supporting material. The present invention also includes methods of employing treated water, for example, in cleaning or food processing applications.
Description
The field
The present invention relates to be used to handle the method and apparatus that Aquo System is water source or current.Particularly, the invention provides the method and apparatus that adopts the various water conditioners that are attached to support materials to be used to reduce the dissolved water hardness.Also provide and be used to suppress or reduce the method that fouling forms.The invention still further relates to and use treated water to be used for the for example method of cleaning process.
Background
Firmness level in water can have deleterious effect in many systems.For example, when hard water contacted with the surface separately or with cleaning compsns, it can cause the lip-deep hard scale shape thing that contacting.Usually, hard water refers to and has above the total calcium of the about 100ppm that representes with ppm lime carbonate and the water of mg ion level.Often, calcium is about 2: 1 or about 3: 2 to the mol ratio of magnesium in hard water.Although there is hard water most of positions, the different position water hardness trend towards difference.
The water hardness solves in every way.A kind of current method that is used for softening water is through ion exchange softening water, the sodium exchange of calcium that for example will be in water in water-softening plant and mg ion and resin layers.Calcium and magnesium are attached to the resin in tenderizer.When resin becomes saturated, must use a large amount of sodium-chlor soluble in water to regenerate it.Sodium replaces calcium and magnesium, and it is washed out from the sodium-chlor that adds with muriate in salt brine solution.When water-softening chemicals is regenerated; They produce and comprise a large amount of muriates and the waste streams that comprises the salt of sodium, calcium and magnesium salts; The sewer pipeline system that system is for example wherein handled them produces burden, comprises that a large amount of tail waters utilizes application to use and agricultural like tap water again.In addition, traditional water-softening chemicals is increased in the saltiness in the discharging surface water, and it becomes environmental problem in some position.Therefore need a kind of method to come treating water hardness, and do not use a large amount of sodium-chlor.
Also known hard water has reduced the effectiveness of sanitising agent, for example through forming film from the teeth outwards, and makes that with the detergent components reaction sanitising agent performance function in cleaning process is less.A kind of method that is used to suppress comprise with sequestrant or sequestering agent with the amount that is enough to handle hardness add will with hard water blended cleanser compositions.Under several kinds of situation, have been found that sequestrant and sequestering agent (for example phosphoric acid salt and NTA) cause environment or health problem.Yet in many cases, the water hardness surpasses the sequestering power of said composition.Therefore, the erosion that the calcium ion of release possibly receive the active ingredient of compsn causes corrosion or deposition, perhaps causes other deleterious effects, assembles like the cleaning effectiveness or the lime scale shape thing of difference.
General introduction
Aspect some, the invention provides the equipment that is used for treating water.This equipment comprises: the inlet that water source to processing vessel is provided.One or more catalyzer are put into the position of processing vessel.This catalyzer comprises the water conditioner that is attached to support materials.This water conditioner is selected from the source of mg ion, aluminum ion, zine ion, titanium ion and composition thereof.This equipment also comprises the outlet that is used for providing from this container treated water.
In some specific embodiments, this equipment is positioned at washing system.For example; In some specific embodiments, this equipment is positioned at and is selected from following group automatic washing system: utensil washing or dishwasher, automotive vehicle washing system, instrument washing machine, on-the-spot cleaning system, food-processing cleaning system, bottle washing machine, automatic washing machine and combination thereof automatically.In some specific embodiments, this equipment can be positioned at the upper reaches from the water pipeline that is transported to washing machine.
In other respects, the present invention relates to handle the method at water source.This method comprises the water source is contacted with catalyzer.This catalyzer comprises the water conditioner that is attached to support materials, and wherein water conditioner is selected from the source of mg ion, aluminum ion, zine ion, titanium ion and composition thereof, makes treating water.In some specific embodiments, treated water has the significantly reduced dissolving water hardness.In some specific embodiments, the step of contact can comprise makes the water source pass through this catalyzer.
In other respects, the present invention relates to use the treated water source to come the method for article-cleaning.This method comprises uses the catalyst treatment water source.This catalyzer comprises the water conditioner that is attached to support materials, and wherein water conditioner is selected from the source of mg ion, aluminum ion, zine ion, titanium ion and composition thereof.Use solution to form by treated water and sanitising agent; And with these article with use solution contact to make these goods of cleaning.
Still aspect other, the present invention relates to handle the method for food-processing stream.This method comprises food-processing stream is contacted with catalyzer.Catalyzer comprises the water conditioner that is attached to support materials, and wherein this water conditioner comprises the source of mg ion, makes to handle food-processing stream.
Brief Description Of Drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram that specific embodiments according to the present invention is used for the equipment of treating water.
Fig. 2 is the photo of the test glass cylinder that in water, washs, and it is handled to reduce the dissolving water hardness according to specific embodiments according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 A is with the photo of the test glass cylinder of untreated water washing in the sanitising agent that does not have washing assistant and rinse aid.
Fig. 3 B is in the sanitising agent that does not have washing assistant and rinse aid and uses the photo that reduces the test glass cylinder of the water washing of dissolving water hardness processing according to the specific embodiments of invention.
Fig. 3 C is in the sanitising agent with washing assistant and rinse aid and with the photo of the test glass cylinder of untreated water washing.
Fig. 3 D is in the sanitising agent that does not have washing assistant and rinse aid and uses the photo that reduces the test glass cylinder of the water washing of dissolving water hardness processing according to the specific embodiments of invention.
Fig. 4 A and 4B are with untreated water, with the resin processed water of calcium bonded, with the resin processed water of magnesium bonded and with the photo of the test glass cylinder of the resin processed water washing of hydrogen bonded.
Explanation
The present invention relates to treating water and therefore control and/or reduce the equipment and the method for the dissolving water hardness.In some specific embodiments, reduced the solubilize calcium part of the water hardness.In some specific embodiments, water conditioner is bonded to resin and is used for treating water.In some specific embodiments, water conditioner is that magnesium and this resin are weakly acidic cationic exchanger resins.
The glassware for drinking water of handling according to method of the present invention has a lot of beneficial effects, and include but not limited to: reducing therein, hard water possibly cause the dirty shape thing and the dirt in the zone of dirt; Protection equipment for example industrial equipments is not assembled by dirty shape thing; , improves the cleanser compositions with routine cleaning effect when using; And the demand that reduces concrete chemical reagent, for example those comprise limit agent (threshold agent), sequestrant or sequestering agent in the downstream cleaning process, or phosphorus.
Aspect some, the present invention is provided for the method for treating water.In some specific embodiments, reduced the part of the solubilize calcium of the water hardness.In some specific embodiments, water is contacted with the catalyzer that comprises water conditioner.In other respects; The invention provides and be used for suppressing or reducing the method that fouling forms, comprise Aquo System is contacted with comprising the water conditioner that one or more are attached to support materials and/or the catalyzer of one or more unconjugated transforming agents at Aquo System.
For the present invention can easily understand, at first limit some term.
So the place is used, and term " washing assistant ", " sequestrant " and " sequestering agent " refer to the compound that forms title complex (soluble or insoluble) with specific molar ratio and water hardness ions (from the base material of washing water, dirt and washing).The sequestrant that can form water-soluble complexes comprises Tri sodium Phosphate, EDTA, DTPA, NTA, Citrate trianion etc.The polyvalent chelate compound that can form insoluble title complex comprises Tri sodium Phosphate, zeolite A etc.So the place is used, and term " washing assistant ", " sequestrant " and " sequestering agent " are synonyms.
So the place is used, and term " does not have sequestrant " or " not having sequestrant basically " refers to and do not contain sequestrant, washing assistant or sequestering agent or toward the compsn, mixture or the composition that have wherein only added sequestrant, washing assistant or the sequestering agent of minute quantity.If have sequestrant, washing assistant or sequestering agent, the amount of sequestrant, washing assistant or sequestering agent should be less than about 7wt%.In some specific embodiments, the amount of sequestrant, washing assistant or sequestering agent is less than about 2wt%, less than about 0.5wt% or less than about 0.1wt%.
Like this place usefulness, term " sequestrant that lacks significant quantity " refer to the sequestrant, washing assistant or the sequestering agent that comprise very little and can not be with compsn, mixture or the composition of the degree affect water hardness that can measure.
Place like this usefulness, term " the dissolving water hardness " refer to ionic species and are dissolved in the hard mineral substance in Aquo System or the source, i.e. Ca
++And Mg
++When they were in the deposition state, the dissolving water hardness did not refer to hardness ions, promptly worked as the solubility limit above all cpds of calcium in water and magnesium, and those compounds precipitate as various salt, for example lime carbonate and magnesiumcarbonate.
Like this place usefulness, term " water-soluble " refer to greater than water-soluble compound of the concentration of 1wt-% or compsn.
So the place is used, and term " slightly soluble " or " slightly water-soluble " only refer to so that 0.1 to 1.0wt-% the water-soluble compound of concentration.
Like this place usefulness, term " water is insoluble basically " or " water is insoluble " only refer to less than the water-soluble compound of the concentration of 0.1wt-%.For example, it is soluble that Natural manganese dioxide is considered to, because it has about 0.00062 water-soluble (wt%) in cold water, and in the hot water about 0.00860.Other insoluble compounds that are used for method of the present invention for example comprise: have cold water 0.00090 and in hot water 0.00400 water miscible Marinco H; Have in cold water 0.00153 and in hot water 0.00190 water miscible aragonite; Have in cold water 0.00140 and in hot water 0.00180 calcite.
Place like this usefulness, term " limit agent (threshold agent) " refer to and suppress water hardness ions crystalline compound from solution, but needn't form specific title complex with water hardness ions.This makes the limit agent be different from sequestrant or sequestering agent.The limit agent comprises polyacrylic ester, Rohm tech inc, alkene/maleic acid etc.
Like this place usefulness, term " do not contain the limit agent " perhaps, and " being substantially free of the limit agent " refers to and do not comprise the limit agent or toward the compsn, mixture or the composition that wherein only add the limit agent of minute quantity.If there is the limit agent, the amount of limit agent should be less than about 7wt%.In some specific embodiments, such amount of limit agent is less than about 2wt-%.In other specific embodiments, the such amount of limit agent is less than about 0.5wt-%.In other specific embodiments still, the such amount of limit agent is less than about 0.1wt-%.
Like this place usefulness, term " anti redeposition agent " refer to and help to keep that dirt is composition suspended floats in the water rather than deposit to the compound on the object that is cleaning again.
So the place is used, and term " not phosphorous hydrochlorate " perhaps " is substantially free of phosphoric acid salt " and refers to and do not comprise phosphoric acid salt or comprise phosphate compounds or past compsn, mixture or the composition that does not wherein add phosphoric acid salt or phosphoric acid salt compound.If phosphoric acid salt or phosphoric acid salt compound exist owing to polluting no phosphoric acid salt compsn, mixture or composition, phosphatic amount should be less than about 1.0wt%.In some specific embodiments, phosphatic amount is less than about 0.5wt%.In other specific embodiments, phosphatic amount is less than about 0.1wt%.In other specific embodiments still, phosphatic amount is less than about 0.01wt%.
Place like this usefulness, term " without phosphorus " or " without phosphorus basically " refer to and do not comprise phosphorus or P contained compound or past compsn, mixture or the composition that does not wherein add phosphorus or P contained compound.If the pollution through without phosphorus compsn, mixture or composition exists phosphorus or P contained compound, the amount of phosphorus should be less than about 1.0wt%.In some specific embodiments, the amount of phosphorus is less than about 0.5wt%.In other specific embodiments, the amount of phosphorus is less than about 0.1wt%.In other specific embodiments still, the amount of phosphorus is less than about 0.01wt%.
" cleaning " refers to and carries out or promote decontamination, bleaching, microbial population to reduce or its combination.
Place like this usefulness, term " utensil " refers to article tableware and cooker and dish, and other crusts such as shower, tank, washroom, bathtub, table top, window, mirror, vehicular traffic and floor.Place like this usefulness, term " utensil washing " refers to washing, cleaning or rinsing utensil.
So the place is used, and term " crust " comprises shower, tank, washroom, bathtub, table top, window, mirror, vehicular traffic, floor etc.
So the place is used, and word " health care surface " refers to the surface of equipment as the parts of healthcare activities, device, car, case, apparatus, works, building etc.The instance on health care surface comprises medical or tooth instrument, medical or tooth apparatus, high-pressure sterilizer and sterilizer, be used for the surface of monitoring the electronic apparatus of patient health and wherein carrying out floor, wall or the fixture of the buildings of health care.The health care surface is present in hospital, surgical ward, sufferer, childbirth, the mortuary and clinical diagnosis room.These surfaces can be that those typically for example weave, weave with nonwoven surface (like operation clothes, cloth, bed linen, bandage or the like) or care equipment (like respiratory organ, diagnositc equipment, splitter, health optical viewer, wheelchair, bed etc.) or surgery and diagnositc equipment as " crust " (like wall, floor, bedpan, etc.) or body structure surface.The health care surface comprises goods and the surface that is used for the animal health health care.
The term " instrument " that place like this is used refers to various medical treatment or the tooth instrument or the device that can have benefited from adopting the water cleaning of handling according to the method for the invention.
Wording as used herein " Medical Instruments ", " dental instrument ", " medical device ", " tooth apparatus ", " medicine equipment " or " dental equipment " refer to instrument, device, instrument, apparatus, utensil and the equipment that is used for medical science or dentistry.Such instrument, device and equipment can cold sterilization, immersions or are cleaned heat-sterilization then, perhaps have benefited from adopting the water of handling according to the present invention to clean.These various instruments, device and equipment include but not limited to: diagnostic instrments, pallet, dish, upholder, support, pliers, scissors, clipper, saw (for example bone saw and blade thereof), hemostat, cutter, chisel, rongeur, file, tweezers, awl, brill gear piece, grinding tool, the collar, dagger, kibbler, bottle opener, clamp, pin folder, carriage, clip, hook, gouge, curet, traction apparatus, straightener, drift, extractor displacer, scoop, keratome, spatula, presser (expressor), trocar, spreader, case, glassware, pipe, conduit, sleeve pipe, stopper, support, optical viewer (for example endoscope, stethoscope and arthroscope) and relevant device etc., or its combination.
As used herein, term " clothing of washing " refers to weaving and nonwoven fabric, and textiles.For example, the clothing of washing includes but not limited to clothes, bedclothes, towel etc.
As used herein, term " water source " refers to any water source that can be used for method of the present invention, system and equipment.Be applicable to that exemplary water source of the present invention includes but not limited to from the water in town water source or unshared water system for example public water supply or well.The water that water can be tap water, well water, provided by the town water system, the water of supplying with by unshared water system and/or directly from the water of this system or well.Water also comprises returnable, tank or its any combination of water as being used for storing recirculated water from the exhausted water reservoir.In some specific embodiments, the water source is not the water that commercial run water is for example produced by the bitumen recovery operation.In other specific embodiments, the water source is not a waste water stream.
Method of the present invention, system, equipment and compsn can comprise assembly of the present invention and composition and other compositions as herein described, perhaps especially form basically, or are made up of it.As used herein " basically by ... form " refer to this method, system, equipment and compsn and can comprise extra step, assembly or composition, but only be if additional step, assembly or composition do not change the novel characteristic of fundamental sum of the method, system, equipment and the compsn that require protection in fact.
As used herein, the total amount that " weight percentage ", " wt-% ", " weight percent ", " % weight meter " and version thereof refer to material is divided by the gross weight of compsn and multiply by the concentration of 100 material.When being understood that, used here " per-cent ", " % " etc. confirm as and synonyms such as " weight percentage ", " wt-% ".
As used herein, term " approximately " or " being similar to " refer to for example general measurement and the liquid treatment program through in real work, being used to make enriched material or using solution; Through unintentional error in these programs; Through the variation on the contingent numerical quantities such as manufacturing, source or purity that are used to make said composition or carry out the composition of this method.Term " approximately " also comprises for the different equilibrium conditionss of the compsn that has specific starting mixt to produce and different quantity.Whether no matter use term " approximately " to modify, claim comprises the amount of equivalence.
Should be noted that to be used for this specification sheets and appended claim, singulative " ", " one " and " this " comprise a plurality of objects, only if meaningful offering some clarification in addition.Therefore, the compsn that for example, comprises " compound " comprises the compsn with two kinds or more compounds.It should be noted that term " or " usually with it comprise " and/or " meaning use, only if content offers some clarification in addition.
The water hardness/water source
Aspect some, equipment of the present invention and method are used for handling the feasible dissolving water hardness of controlling and/or being reduced in the water source in water source.The water source of handling can be with any water source with hardness that has benefited from handling according to the method for the invention.Be suitable for adopting the exemplary water source of method of the present invention to include but not limited to, like ordinary tap water from the town water source, for example public feedwater of perhaps unshared water system or well.The water that water can be tap water, well water, provided by the town water system, the water that provides by unshared water system and/or directly from the water of this system or well.In some specific embodiments, the water source is not the water that commercial run water is for example produced by the bitumen recovery operation.In other specific embodiments, the water source is not a waste water stream.
Equipment of the present invention, system and method comprise the dissolving hardness of handling the feasible control in water source water.Aspect some, with the dissolving hardness reduction of water.Aspect some, the present invention is provided for reducing or suppressing the method that the fouling in the Aquo System forms.
In some specific embodiments, be that the water source contacts with one or more water conditioners that are attached to resin and/or unconjugated transforming agent with Aquo System.Do not hope to receive the constraint of any concrete theory; Think that water conditioner causes solubilize calcium water hardness ions in the water through surface reaction remarkable deposition from solution, as with the lime carbonate of the aragonite form of the disadvantageous crystalline form of thermodynamics rather than with the favourable crystalline form calcite of thermodynamics.Aragonite is the fragility crystallization that can not be attached to the surface well and not form hard scale shape thing, and calcite is to be closely adhered to the surface, forms the firmer crystallization of the hard scale shape thing of can't see with aragonite.Therefore, water is contacted the dissolving water hardness that has reduced treated water with water conditioner of the present invention, and the fouling that reduces from the teeth outwards when causing contacting with treated water forms.After the contact with water treatment agent, the crystal seed that serves as further minimizing solubilize calcium is also played in the aragonite crystallization.
Method of the present invention is in that to remove or prevent that fouling from forming especially effective, and fouling wherein comprises calcium salt, for example calcium phosphate, caoxalate, lime carbonate, Calcium hydrogen carbonate or Calucium Silicate powder.Want that the dirty shape thing that prevents or remove through the present invention can form through above-mentioned ionic arbitrary combination.For example, fouling can comprise the combination of lime carbonate and Calcium hydrogen carbonate.
In some specific embodiments, before with method of the present invention, equipment or system handles, the water source has the pH between about 6 and about 11.In some specific embodiments, before the processing, the pH at water source is greater than about 8.In some specific embodiments, the pH at water source brings up to greater than 9, and in some specific embodiments, before processing, pH is greater than 10.In some specific embodiments, before contact catalyst, the pH at water source improves, as through with alkaline chemical injecting feeding stream or through adopting from buffered alkali source such as MgO or calcite to the water source.In some specific embodiments, before with catalyst treatment, the water source has the pH greater than about 9, because avoided sedimentary a large amount of cotton-shaped formation, throw out does not need to filter.For example, can be with (for example until about 5,000ppm) add the treated water source, it is about 10 to being higher than to improve pH, and treated water need not filter more than 200ppm yellow soda ash.
Catalyzer
The specific embodiments of invention comprises the catalyzer that comprises supporting medium and be attached to the water conditioner of supporting medium.But water conditioner ionic bond or physical bond are to supporting medium.Catalyzer can be included in the processing vessel.In some specific embodiments, catalyzer comprises the other functional component that is not attached to supporting medium.In further specific embodiments, one or more other sense compositions that this catalyzer comprises one or more water conditioners that are attached to supporting medium and is not attached to supporting medium.
As used herein, term " water conditioner " refers to the material that the solubilize calcium that causes in water goes out as ZG 301 with the form that is considered to the favourable crystalline form calcite of disadvantageous crystalline form aragonite of thermodynamics rather than thermodynamics significantly from solution.Aragonite is the fragility crystallization that can not be attached to the surface well and not form hard scale shape thing, and calcite is closely to be attached to the surface, forms the firmer crystallization of hard scale shape thing, and this can't see during with aragonite.
The water conditioner that is applicable to method and apparatus of the present invention comprises the source of the polymorph of mg ion, iron ion, aluminum ion, titanium ion and zine ion and calcium.In some specific embodiments, be applicable to that the water conditioner of method and apparatus of the present invention does not comprise aluminium, zinc and/or titanium ion.Can use one or more water conditioners.In some specific embodiments, water conditioner is selected from the source of magnesium, aluminium and titanium ion and polymorph calcium.In some specific embodiments, water conditioner only comprises the mg ion source.
Though do not hope bound by theory, believe that water conditioner serves as catalyzer with lime carbonate with the effect of the nucleation crystal seed of aragonite form precipitated outlet water through playing.Therefore, water conditioner does not carry out IX, and IX will require with resin with the load again of new water conditioner, as in existing water treatment system.On the contrary, water conditioner remains close to catalyzer and continues and promotes the ZG 301 in the time of prolonged period, and does not need replacement for a long time.Because aragonite is deposited on the surface of resin system, it promotes further aragonite deposition.Because ion exchange column is stirred, some aragonite crystallizations are destroyed on the resin system surface and as in the sedimentary crystal seed mixing backwater.This process reaches steady state, so crystalline speed equals the speed from surface removal.
Catalyzer must continue to work after top experiment had been illustrated in and has handled every pound of resin of 25,000 gallons waters.In fact, life of catalyst will depend on the pollutent that exists in condition and the water of water.Under average water condition, sustainable 1 or 2 year of catalyzer, and with extraordinary water condition or with low water rate of utilization, they sustainable 5 or 10 years.In some specific embodiments, the water that contacts with water conditioner forms and comprises the cationic deposition that is different from water conditioner.For example, in some specific embodiments, water conditioner comprises that mg ion source and the deposition that forms comprise calcium.In some specific embodiments, the water that contacts with water conditioner forms the calcium deposit thing, and the calcium deposit thing that adopts method of the present invention to form makes throw out (for example aragonite crystallization) harmlessly flow through the water source.That is to say, in some specific embodiments, be different from conventional water treatment system, do not need strainer or disgorging from treated water.
This catalyzer can further comprise other sense composition.The other functional component that is applicable to method of the present invention comprise the water source of giving useful character to catalyzer, processing or its arbitrary combination any material.For example, when contacting, can add and help to prevent the catalyzer function ingredients of (being the particulate caking) that " condenses " with the water source.
In some specific embodiments, catalyzer of the present invention comprises one or more additional functional components further, the lime carbonate (non-calcite form) that includes but not limited to MOX, metal hydroxides, polymorph with and combination and mixture.In some specific embodiments, this additional composition comprises one or more MOXs such as Natural manganese dioxide, aluminum oxide and titanium oxide.In some specific embodiments, this additional functional component comprises one or more metal hydroxidess for example Marinco H, white lake and titanium hydroxide.The lime carbonate of polymorph such as aragonite also can be used for the specific embodiments of inventing.
In some specific embodiments, used additional functional component comprises the combination of MOX and metal hydroxides, like Natural manganese dioxide and Marinco H.Additional composition goes for any form of method of the present invention, for example solid, particle, liquid, powder, nano particle, slurry.In some specific embodiments, use the solids source of additional functional component.
In some specific embodiments, catalyzer comprises the water conditioner that is attached to supporting medium and the combination of unconjugated additional functional component.For example, in a specific embodiments, catalyzer comprises the magnesium that is attached to supporting medium, and unconjugated other composition such as Natural manganese dioxide and/or Marinco H.In some specific embodiments, bonded water conditioner and unconjugated other composition physically exist together, like the layer that in same processing vessel, is mixed together or conduct separates in identical processing vessel.In other specific embodiments, bonded water conditioner and unconjugated other composition separate, as in the different treatment container of series operation.
In some specific embodiments, additional functional component comprises the blended cation cpd of calcium and mg ion.In some specific embodiments, additional functional materials comprises miemite, also can the more known natural mineral matters of its title " rhombspar ".In some specific embodiments, one or more additional functional components are attached to support materials.
Support materials
Aspect some, be used for catalyzer of the present invention and comprise support materials.This support materials can be the water conditioner any material of bonded with it.In some specific embodiments, catalyzer comprises unnecessary a kind of different support materials.
In some specific embodiments, support materials has a little more than fluidisation and/or the stirring with the maximization support materials of the density of the density of water.In some specific embodiments, support materials combines positively charged ion through ion or electrostatic force.In some specific embodiments, the bonded positively charged ion is a magnesium.In some specific embodiments, support materials is an inert.
In some specific embodiments, water conditioner comprises resin.In some specific embodiments, support materials is to have precedence over the resin that combines calcium ion and combine mg ion.Resin as support materials can comprise any ion exchange resin.For example, in some specific embodiments, resin comprises weak acid cation exchange resin for example weakly acidic cationic exchanger resin or strong-acid cation-exchange resin.In other specific embodiments, support materials is a resin.
In some specific embodiments, resin comprises XPA or methacrylate polymer.In some specific embodiments, support materials is not inorganic.In some specific embodiments, support materials comprises having the substituent polymkeric substance of sulfonic acid.For example, in some specific embodiments, support materials does not comprise stupalith and/or zeolite.
Support materials can Any shape and size provide, comprise pearl, sheet material, rod, disk or more than a kind of combination of shape.
Water conditioner can combined in various manners to support materials.For example, resin can be through IX mechanism load magnesium resin.In two step method, at first, adopt the salt of water conditioner and final cationic exchange then with hydrogen on the acidic resins and sodium exchange.For example, in some specific embodiments, magnesium bonded resin catalyst can produce from having the H+ ionic weakly acidic cationic exchanger resin that is attached to reactive site such as carboxyl.Can at first weakly acidic cationic exchanger resin be converted into na form,, use water rinse then, can na form be converted into the magnesium form then, as through using the solubility magnesium salts like for example MgCl as through resin being immersed in the excessive sodium hydroxide 4 to 12 hours
2And MgSO
4
Perhaps, can adopt a step method to be attached to support materials water conditioner.In some specific embodiments, magnesium can be directly with lip-deep hydrogen exchange at acidic resins.For example, can resin be dipped into excessive magnesium salts such as MgCl
2Or MgSO
4Time enough was used water rinse then as 4 to 12 hours.Spendable solubility magnesium salts comprises for example magnesium chloride, sal epsom.In other specific embodiments, can use low solubility magnesium source to be converted into the magnesium form weakly acidic cationic exchanger resin like Marinco H, Natural manganese dioxide.For example, can MgO be added the equipment comprise resin, and or and mixed with resin, perhaps as the independent pre-regulation stage of equipment.In some specific embodiments, adopt a step method to use MgO or MgOH that magnesium is attached to support materials, and some remaining MgO or MgOH be retained in the surface, it is active that wherein they can improve the water treatment of catalyzer.
In other specific embodiments, this resin comprises having the H+ ionic weakly acidic cationic exchanger resin that is attached to reactive site.Can resin be neutralized through making the water source flow through it then.Do not hope to receive the constraint of any special theory, think that when water flows through resin calcium in water and mg ion will be attached to resin, thereby neutralize it.
Can be used to combine other water conditioners such as aluminium, titanium, zinc and polymorph calcium to support materials similar two steps or one step process.
In some specific embodiments, can with magnesium source layer be provided in the processing vessel in not with resin below, therefore when water flows through container, catalyzer is converted into the magnesium form.For example, at first this container is full of (soluble or do not dissolve) with magnesium source.Unneutralized resin is added to the top in magnesium source.When water began upwards to flow through container from the bottom, it obtained some magnesium, and this material will with resin reaction to form the catalyst resin system of load.
But this water conditioner ion ground or physically be attached to supporting medium.For example, in some specific embodiments, Ca2+ or Mg2+ have the loose ionic linkage with the weak acid resin base material, and a large amount of active surface areas is provided, because ion keeps with ionic species therein loosely, and the deposition of catalysis aragonite.
Processing vessel
Specific embodiments of the present invention comprises one or more processing vessels that comprise catalyzer.Specific embodiments of the present invention comprises the processing vessel with single processing vessel, one or more parallel connections and/or the system or equipment of one or more placed in-line processing vessels.In the specific embodiments that comprises more than a processing vessel, each processing vessel can comprise one or more identical catalyzer or can comprise one or more different catalyzer.For example, can make the water source pass through a plurality of containers, it comprises identical or different katalysis in identical or isolating storage, promptly be attached to the water conditioner of support materials.
This processing vessel can be Any shape or the size that is suitable for using the volume of the water that will handle and water.In some specific embodiments, this equipment comprises the storage that comprises processing vessel.Processing vessel for example can be the filter bed or the post of tank, sleeve, different shape or size.In some specific embodiments, processing vessel is pressurizeed.In other specific embodiments, processing vessel does not pressurize.
Specific embodiments more of the present invention comprise the processing vessel that comprises water-in and water outlet.In some specific embodiments, water can get into and leave processing vessel through identical opening or passage.In some specific embodiments, processing vessel is included in the storage.The water of handling flows to lower edge storage wall (one or more) through being positioned at or getting into storage near the inlet at storage top, and gets into the processing vessel in the storage bottom.Water upwards flows through processing vessel towards the top of storage, and through leaving storage at the storage top or near the outlet at storage top.
The instance that is used for treating water according to specific embodiments of the present invention is shown in Fig. 1, and the diagram of equipment of the present invention shows with mark 10.This equipment comprises: the inlet 12 that is used to provide water source to processing vessel 14; The processing vessel 14 that comprises water conditioner 16; Be used for providing the outlet 18 of treated water from processing vessel; And the line of pipes 20 of treated water.In some specific embodiments, treated water line of pipes 20 provides water to selected washing unit.In some specific embodiments, between outlet and treated water line of pipes, there is not strainer.Flow rate control device 22 can be provided in the treated water line of pipes 20 like valve 24 and get into the for example flow of the treated water of warewasher, washing machine of selected end-use device with control.
In some specific embodiments, the entire treatment container can be detachable and interchangeable.In other specific embodiments, configurable processing vessel makes that the catalyzer that is included in the processing vessel is dismountable and interchangeable.In some specific embodiments, processing vessel comprises and comprises detachable, portable, the commutative sleeve pipe that water conditioner for example is bonded to the magnesium of support materials such as weak acid resin.
Aspect some, the invention provides the method that is used to reduce or control the dissolving water hardness and/or minimizing fouling formation, comprise the water source is contacted with the catalyzer that comprises water conditioner.Contacting step can include but not limited to that the water source is flow through or the solids source through comprising water conditioner for example post, sleeve or tank.Depend on various factors duration of contact, for example comprise the pH at water source, the hardness at water source and the temperature at water source.
In some specific embodiments, this catalyzer is in the form of agitated bed or post.This bed or post can stir through any known method, for example through current through this post, fluidisation, mechanical stirring or mixing, high flow backwash, recycling, air spray, injector flows and combination.In some specific embodiments, this catalyzer comprises fluidized-bed for example post or the sleeve in processing vessel.Fluidisation by improve through this fluid for example the speed of water so that its minimum fluidization velocity that is in above medium obtains.
Because catalyzer promotes ZG 301, can lime carbonate be bonded to catalyzer.Therefore, can catalyzer such as bed or post be stirred " condensing " of catalyzer when contact, promptly lump to avoid in case with the water source.Such stirring can prevent that throw out is bonded to catalyzer and/or can precipitating calcium becomes and remove from catalyzer.For example because aragonite is deposited on the catalyzer, the stirring of catalyzer cause pearl or the particle of supporting medium for example shake each other in and/or be incorporated into solid and do not combine transforming agent.The bump of physics has been removed throw out such as aragonite crystallization.The calcium carbonate crystal of carrying then can leave processing vessel through processing vessel and with treated water.By this way, the stirring of catalyzer causes its self-stip, exposed catalyst and makes it continue nucleation and the precipitated chalk from the water source.Have been found that; Catalyzer according to specific embodiments of the present invention can continue admirably stone waterborne carrying out; Like 17 grains (grain) water; Even after being used for 900 successive dishwasher cycle of treating water, almost keeping desirable in the dishwasher, and untreatedly cause thick fouling deposition.
Crystal size is very little, is inert and non-reacted, and does not adhere to the surface.For example, the aragonite crystalline size that forms according to specific embodiments of the present invention can be approximately between 10nm and the 1000nm.Because it is that inert and size are little, sedimentary lime carbonate need not filter out or from treated water, remove.On the contrary, comprise ZG 301 crystalline treated water and can be used for any downstream application.
It can be that little container is as being used for the filling filter type storage of little beverage method of purification that processing vessel can be included in.Perhaps, this storage can be big, as is used for the big water treatment tank of integral house water softening (whole house water softening).
When water passed through processing vessel, the water conditioner binding resin was through coming treating water with lime carbonate nucleation and precipitated outlet water.In some specific embodiments, current are in the direction that makes progress.For example, in some specific embodiments, water gets into processing vessel through the inlet at container bottom, upwards flow through catalyzer, and through leaving processing vessel in the outlet at processing vessel top.
Processing vessel can confirm that its size and dimension is to improve the stirring and the fluidisation of catalyzer when water contacts with it.Stir to keep catalyst clean, do not have sedimentary lime carbonate.In some specific embodiments, this volume of a container is minimized, make it only comprise and be used to use or water that planned use is enough, so that the residence time is within reason low.This design prevents the stagnation that becomes of the water in container, the possible risks that reduced in container a large amount of depositions of lime carbonate and built up.In some specific embodiments, the volume of the water in storage can make water at every turn and be emptied completely.In some specific embodiments, confirm the size of storage, make have on the resin enough headspaces (or be free to arrange (free-board)) with allow resin and raise and when water through the time stirring.In some specific embodiments, be free to arrange the space and equal about 100% of catalyst volume.
In some specific embodiments, use fluidisation power to stir the feasible thermopnore that produces catalyzer, it is in the constant stirring when water flows.In other specific embodiments, catalyzer adopts the cf-that is produced by for example tangent line current, mechanical stirring or ultrasonic agitation and stirs.Stir the cleaning that finally causes catalyzer, the calcium crystallization is removed from catalyzer, make water to continue to flow through with blocking or to pass through this medium to reduce.
Method of use
Method of the present invention, equipment and system can be used for various purposes.For example, be used to adopt the equipment of water treatment method of the present invention can be connected to the water-main in house or shop.This equipment can or be used for pipeline before hot water heater after hot water heater.Therefore, equipment of the present invention is used in and reduces the dissolving water hardness in heat, the cold-peace room temperature water source.In some specific embodiments, the temperature of the water that will handle according to the present invention between about 10 ℃ and about 90 ℃.In some specific embodiments, the temperature of the water that handle is higher than room temperature, for example greater than about 20 ℃.
Aspect some, the invention provides the system that is used for purging method.This system comprises provides the water source to the equipment that will handle the water source.In some specific embodiments, the equipment of handling the water source comprises: the inlet that (i) is used to provide water source to processing vessel; The processing vessel that (ii) comprises catalyzer, catalyzer comprise water conditioner and/or the unconjugated additional functional component that is bonded to supporting medium; (iii) be used for providing the outlet of treated water from processing vessel; (iv) be used to provide the treated water export pipeline of treated water to automatic washing machine such as warewasher.In some specific embodiments, the device for example the sieve be present in the processing vessel, with flow through when fluid or through the time, the maintenance water conditioner be included in the processing vessel.In some specific embodiments, this equipment does not have strainer, between outlet and treated water export pipeline, does not have strainer.
In case with water treatment; The treated water export pipeline of treated water from this equipment provided to automatic washing machine for example automatic utensil washing or dishwasher, vehicle wash system, instrument washing machine, on-the-spot cleaning system, food-processing cleaning system, bottle washing machine and automatic washing machine.Perhaps can treated water be used for manual washing system.Can use and to have benefited from using any automatic or manual washing machine of treated water according to the method for the invention.Then treated water is combined so that the use compsn to be provided with cleanser compositions in washing machine.Can any cleanser compositions be used for system of the present invention, for example Clean-washing composition, detergent composition or desiccant composition.The article that will clean then contact in automatic washing machine so that they are cleaned with use solution.
Water treatment method of the present invention and equipment can be used for various industry and household application.Water treatment method and equipment can be used for residential device or commercial apparatus for example in the dining room, hotel, hospital.For example, water treatment method of the present invention, system or equipment can be used for: utensil cleans application examples such as wash dining set and cooker and dish and other crusts such as shower, tank, washroom, bathtub, table top, window, mirror and floor; In laundry applications, for example handle and be used at pre-treatment, washing, acidifying, softening and/or rinse stage at the water of yarn fabric washing machine automatically; Use in the vehicle nursing, for example handle the water that is used for preparatory flushing, for example alkaline presoak and/or low pH preimpregnation, washing, polishing and rinsing vehicle; Industrial application for example cooling tower, boiler, industrial equipments comprises interchanger; Use in food service, for example processing is used for the water pipeline that the coffee & tea leaf boils bubble, espresso coffee machine, ice-making machine, pasta cooker, water-heater, steam and/or check-out console; Nurse application examples such as immersion, cleaning and/or rinsing instruments, handle at the health care instrument to the feedwater of high pressure steam sterilizer; And in the feedwater that is used for like the various application of humidifier, hot tube and swimming pool.
In some specific embodiments, the point that water treatment method of the present invention and system can be applicable to use.That is to say that water treatment method of the present invention, system or equipment can be used for using the upper reaches, water source like washing system.In some specific embodiments, water treatment just is used in before the final use of water source requirement.For example, equipment of the present invention can be applicable to be connected to the for example water pipeline of coffee pot, espresso coffee machine, ice-making machine of family or restaurant apparatus.Adopt the equipment of method of the present invention can be arranged in washing system.For example, it also can be used as the parts of the utensil that uses the water source and is comprised, for example is configured in any other system that automatic or manual washing system interior water treatment system, coffee pot, ice-making machine maybe can have benefited from using treated water.
The processing vessel of specific embodiments can be used for washing machine in every way according to the present invention.In some specific embodiments, processing vessel can be connected to the sanitising agent distribution device.Processing vessel can be used for providing the rinse-system of treated water to washing system and/or washing machine.In some specific embodiments, the mixture that processing vessel can be used for treated water and sanitising agent are provided is to washing system.
In addition, the equipment of using water treatment method of the present invention can be connected to the water-main in house or shop.This equipment is used in the pipeline before or after the hot water heater.Therefore, equipment of the present invention is used in and reduces the dissolving water hardness in heat, the cold-peace room temperature water source.
Because specific embodiments of the present invention can be used by the sanitising agent that treated water and washing assistant or washing assistant with reduction is low in that from water, to remove dissolving hardness so useful.In some specific embodiments, treated water can use with the sanitising agent that does not have washing assistant basically.In some specific embodiments, treated water can use with the sanitising agent that does not have sequestrant, washing assistant, limit agent, sequestering agent or its combination basically.Except that favourable economically, the use low-builder sanitising agent of being allowed by specific embodiments of the present invention or do not have the washing assistant sanitising agent more useful to environment is because it has been removed from as through using sodium-chlor to upgrade the demand of this system.
Method of the present invention, equipment and system also can be used in the food and drink industry, for example in the food and drink processed and applied.In some specific embodiments, water treating equipment can be used on the upper reaches that the Foods or drinks processed and applied is for example handled the reverse osmosis membrane of the application of whey permeate (" RO film "), nanofiltration system (" NF system ") or ultrafiltration system (" UF system ") (being generically and collectively referred to as " RO/NF/UF system ") or vaporizer.
For example, this method and apparatus is used in and prevents on the vaporizer that the calcium fouling from forming and the RO/NF/UF system of other mineral substance of being used to process whey permeate or comprise feedstream.Whey permeate comprises for example calcium phosphate of water, lactose and mineral substance.Permeate is about 6% lactose and generally uses RO to filter to concentrate to reach about 18% solid.Permeate use vaporizer further is concentrated into and reaches about 65% solid.The RO/NF/UF system is known to receive the mineral substance fouling, the pressure that causes improving for infiltration and/or the flow velocity of reduction.
During evaporating, vaporizer fouling by the mineral deposit that mainly comprises the calcium phosphate fouling.This fouling has reduced heat transfer efficiency, and this requires the increase of steam and/or the solids content of decline to keep accomplishing of charging flow velocity conversely again.Current minimizing fouling is handled and is comprised the Tripyrophosphoric acid salt is added incoming flow minimizing fouling, and adopts a large amount of acid with dissolving from RO/NF/UF device and vaporizer with except that de-sludging shape thing.Employing can minimize fouling by equipment, system or the method for the invention at the upper reaches of RO/NF/UF system or vaporizer and enhance productivity, and needn't use the Tripyrophosphoric acid salt handle or with a large amount of s.t. vaporizers or RO/NF/UF device to dissolve dirty shape thing.
In some specific embodiments, can method and apparatus be used for producing and separating aragonite.The throw out of aragonite can be from water for example through removing by filter and being used for industry or medicament purpose.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Three kinds of resin sample are through preparing their load H+, Ca++ and Mg++.Magnesium-supported sample prepares according to following program.With weakly acidic cationic exchanger resin, the Lewatit S 8528 that obtains from Lanxess Company is dipped into the softening water of NaOH pearl and 2500ml of 500 grams 24 hours.PH is about 12-13.After soaking, then resin is lower than 11 with three pH up to rinse water of the thorough rinsing of softening water.Resin is dipped into MgCl with 700 grams
26H
2In the softening water of the 2500ml of O component 4 days.With resin with the thorough rinsing of softening water three times.The final pH of rinse water is about 7.5-8.5.In order to give resin-carried Ca++, adopt the program identical with the MG++ resin, only resin is used CaCl
2Component is soaked.The H+ form of resin is a resin itself, has no above positively charged ion loads to.
To be used for following embodiment 3-5 through the magnesium process resin that this method is produced.
Embodiment 2
The magnesium form that following alternate method is used for producing weakly acidic cationic exchanger resin: Lewatit S 8528 resins are immersed in 60% Marinco H slurry 4 days.The final pH of rinse water is 11.0.
Embodiment 3
To be used to handle 17gpg (grain per gallon) hard water according to two pounds of magnesium process resin that the method for embodiment 1 is produced.Two pounds of resins are put into flow through container and be connected to the dishwasher inlet of convention.Then treated water is used for the washing test glass cylinder in the automatic warewasher of AM-14, does not have sanitising agent and do not have rinse aid.After using identical water treatment vessels and resin 1100 circulations, the inside of warewasher shows does not have tangible fouling.
Fig. 2 shows the photo of 8 test glass cylinderes, and each hard water in order to the Mg catalyst plastic resin treatment in dishwasher washs.After magnesium process resin and 100 circulations of glass cylinder cycles of washing, will begin the first six glass cylinder from a left side and from dishwasher, take out.The 6th glass cylinder from the left side, after 600 circulations of medium of handling through magnesium and cycles of washing, showing does not have fouling.Even after 600 washing/rinse cycle, on glass cylinder, do not have fouling in the time of can finding out the resin of handling when use magnesium.Through identical magnesium process resin after 800 circulations, will be from the 7th glass cylinder washing on a left side 100 times, and through identical magnesium process resin after 900 circulations, will wash 100 times from the 8th glass cylinder in a left side.Can find out, even after 900 circulations, do not have fouling, even explain that the magnesium resin continues to reduce fouling after 900 circulations.
Embodiment 4
To be used to handle 17 grain water according to the magnesium process resin that the method for embodiment 1 is produced.The water use is connected to flowing through through container of hard water water tap to be handled.Water is flow through this container to draining, therefore handle above 15,000 gallons continuously.After handling 15,803 gallons waters, container is connected to 800 circulations of automatic warewasher (AM-14 type), there are not sanitising agent or rinse aid.After 800 circulations, warewasher inside does not show tangible dirty shape thing.As relatively, make untreated 17 grain water flow through 800 circulations of warewasher (AM-14 type), there are not sanitising agent or rinse aid.The thick dirty shape thing of the inner demonstration of warewasher.Even this explanation is after handling 15,803 gallons waters, resin-bonded magnesium continues to reduce significantly the solvable hardness in water.
Embodiment 5
To be used to handle 17 grain water according to the magnesium process resin that the method for embodiment 1 is produced.The automatic warewasher that treated water is used to have sanitising agent is with the washing test glass cylinder.There is and do not have washing assistant preparation sanitising agent according to table 1:
Table 1
The result of this embodiment is presented among Fig. 3 A-3D.In Fig. 3 A, glass cylinder is with not having washing assistant and not having the detergent wash of water treatment and show thick fouling.In comparison, in Fig. 3 B, with glass cylinder with the sanitising agent of identical no washing assistant and use the water washing with the processing of magnesium binding resin of producing according to the method for embodiment 1.It is better than the glass cylinder with untreated water washing that these glass cylinderes have less dirty shape thing to just look at up.This shows the demand of using magnesium binding resin catalyzer to reduce washing assistant in sanitising agent, even in 17 grain water.
Glass cylinder in Fig. 3 C adopts the detergent wash that comprises washing assistant in untreated 17 grain water, and in Fig. 3 D, is in identical sanitising agent, to wash, but uses as stated about Fig. 3 B treated water.Glass cylinder in Fig. 3 C demonstrates a spot of dirty shape thing, and the glass cylinder in Fig. 3 D does not have dirty shape thing.
Embodiment 6
According to the resin-carried program of describing among the embodiment 1, three kinds of resin sample are through preparing their load H+, Ca++ and Mg++.Then water is handled with every kind of resin sample and the fouling tendency of comparison in warewasher.Therefore will arrive the water inlet of dishwasher handles in three independent but equivalent tests with H+ weakly acidic cationic exchanger resin, Ca2+ weakly acidic cationic exchanger resin or Mg2+ weakly acidic cationic exchanger resin.At first with every kind of resin sample through making hard (17gpg) current via flow-adjust through container to water down.After about 1000 gallons current, resin/containment system is connected to dishwasher and estimates the fouling tendency on glassware.The result of comparison test is shown among Fig. 4 A; After this dishwasher/glassware fouling test; Resin sample is further regulated through flowing through-pass through container to following water other 4000 gallons through making hard water, and therefore every kind of resin is treated amounts to about 5000 gallons water.Carry out second group of dishwasher/glassware dirt shape thing test then, still do not have sanitising agent, those results are presented among Fig. 4 B.
Contrast glass cylinder (not shown) has thick fouling.In Fig. 4 A and 4B, begin preceding two glass cylinderes with H+ bonded plastic resin treatment from a left side.In every width of cloth figure, begin third and fourth glass cylinder and handle, and in every width of cloth figure, begin the 5th and the 6th glass cylinder with Mg2+ bonded plastic resin treatment from a left side with the Ca2+ binding resin from a left side.Shown in Fig. 4 A, H+ resin and Mg2+ resin do not have the visible fouling in the test of using before with the resin of 1000 gallons water treatment.Two kinds of Ca2+ resins demonstrate obvious visible dirt shape thing.About Fig. 4 B, wherein 5000 gallons water is crossed in the pre-treatment of every kind of resin system elder generation, and the H+ resin produces slight fouling on glassware.The Ca2+ resin demonstrates thicker slightly fouling, and the Mg2+ resin demonstrates seldom or do not have a visible fouling.
Embodiment 7
Experimentize to estimate after the evaporation whey permeate, various water treating equipment are to being retained in the influence of the metal content on the stainless steel surface.To be used for this test from the whey permeate that milk-processing plants collects.The water treating equipment of test comprise the resin with different water conditioners that is contained in the container.Test following equipment:
Table 2
| Device numbering | Type |
| 1 | Contrast-remain on 5 micron filters in the resin bead |
| 2 | Handled the magnesium-supported low-acid cationic resin of 17 grain hard water before |
| 3 | The protonated low-acid cationic resin of untreated any water before |
| 4 | The magnesium-supported low-acid cationic resin of untreated any water before |
| 5 | Protonated low-acid cationic resin with about 1000 milliliters of de-ionizeds (DI) water rinse |
For every kind of resin, about 500 milliliters permeate is placed in the resin container and shook about 30 seconds.To allow that then draining filters into beaker through resin-carried solution.Then, the permeate with 100 milliliters of every kind of processing is placed in the independent stainless steel beaker.Then beaker is placed in the water-bath of 190 ° of F to 195 ° of F to start evaporation.After about 4.5 hours, this solution becomes the melicera solution of heavy-gravity, and it is assumed to be about 60-70% Brix (brix) (60-70% sugar or other dissolved solids in solution).
Beaker is removed from water-bath and contained sugared gel with the DI water rinse up to removing lactose, thereby only stay mineral deposit.Then with beaker with 2% acidic solution rinsing with the dissolution of minerals settling.Used acid comprises phosphoric acid, so the phosphoric acid value of the beaker of rinsing does not think meaningful in this experiment.Then acidic solution and contrast are submitted to and be used for inductively coupled plasma (ICP) test to measure metal content.The demonstration of following table should research the result.
Table 3
Table 4
Can find out that from top result the whey of handling with equipment 2 that comprises magnesium-supported weakly acidic cationic exchanger resin demonstrates the certain decline of Brix per-cent after handling.This is illustrated in the decline of lactose, mineral and/or organic content in the sample of processing.
In addition, the sample of observing with the magniferous plastic resin treatment of bag (equipment 2 and 4) has the calcium that is retained in reduction level in the beaker.The decline of calcium possibly be owing to from permeate, reduce the calcium of quantity.
Generally speaking, find to use water treating equipment to cause the not amount minimizing of dissolved salt of calcium in this pervaporation test according to the specific embodiments of inventing.
Other specific embodiments
When being understood that, although the present invention has combined its detailed description to be described, aforementioned specification is used for explaining, and unrestricted scope of the present invention, scope of the present invention is limited the scope of appended claim.In the scope of other aspects, benefit and improvement claim below.
In addition, the content of above-described all patent publications is incorporated herein by reference with its full content.
When being understood that, value and scope in that this paper anywhere provides by these value and the included all values of scope, are included in the scope of the present invention.In addition, falling into all values of these scopes and the upper limit or the lower limit of certain limit is also conceived by the application.
Claims (49)
1. be used to handle the equipment at water source, comprise: the inlet that water source to processing vessel is provided; Be placed on one or more catalyzer in the processing vessel, this catalyzer comprises the water conditioner that is attached to support materials, and wherein this water conditioner is selected from the source of mg ion, aluminum ion, zine ion, titanium ion and composition thereof; And the outlet that is used for providing treated water from this container.
2. the equipment of claim 1, wherein this support materials comprises ion exchange resin.
3. the equipment of claim 2, wherein resin comprises low-acid cationic resin.
4. the equipment of claim 1, wherein this water conditioner comprises magnesium.
5. the equipment of claim 1, wherein this support materials comprises resin bead.
6. the equipment of claim 1 wherein stirs this catalyzer.
7. the equipment of claim 1, wherein processing vessel comprises removable sleeve.
8. the equipment of claim 1, wherein support materials is selected from following group: XPA, methacrylate polymer and combination thereof.
9. the equipment of claim 1, wherein support materials comprises carboxylic acid polyalcohol.
10. the equipment of claim 1, wherein the water conditioner ionic bond is to support materials.
11. the equipment of claim 1, wherein support materials is to have precedence over the resin that calcium ion combines mg ion.
12. the equipment of claim 1, wherein processing vessel further comprises one or more MOXs or oxyhydroxide.
13. the equipment of claim 12, wherein MOX is selected from Natural manganese dioxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide or its mixture.
14. the equipment of claim 1, wherein this equipment is arranged in washing system.
15. the equipment of claim 14, wherein this washing system is automatic washing system.
16. the equipment of claim 14, wherein washing system is selected from automatic warewasher, automotive vehicle cleaning system, instrument washing machine, on-the-spot cleaning system, food-processing cleaning system, bottle washing machine, automatic washing machine and combination thereof automatically.
17. the equipment of claim 1, wherein this equipment is positioned at the upper reaches on the water pipeline that injects washing machine.
18. the equipment of claim 17, wherein washing machine is the automatic washing machine that is selected from automatic warewasher, automotive vehicle cleaning system, instrument washing machine, on-the-spot cleaning system, food-processing cleaning system, bottle washing machine, automatic washing machine and combination thereof.
19. the equipment of claim 1, wherein the treated water from outlet does not need to filter before use.
20. handle the method at water source, comprising: the water source is contacted with catalyzer, and this catalyzer comprises the water conditioner that is attached to support materials, and wherein water conditioner is selected from the source of mg ion, aluminum ion, zine ion, titanium ion and composition thereof, makes water treatment.
21. the method for claim 20, wherein treated water has the significantly reduced dissolving water hardness.
22. the method for claim 20, the step that wherein contacts comprises makes the water source pass through catalyzer.
23. the method for claim 20 further comprises and stirs this catalyzer.
24. the method for claim 20, wherein this support materials is an ion exchange resin.
25. the method for claim 24, wherein support materials is a low-acid cationic resin.
26. the method for claim 20, wherein this water conditioner comprises magnesium.
27. the method for claim 20, wherein this support materials comprises resin bead.
28. the method for claim 20, wherein support materials is selected from following group: XPA, methacrylate polymer and combination thereof.
29. the method for claim 20, wherein catalyst pack is contained in the processing vessel.
30. the method for claim 29, wherein processing vessel comprises removable sleeve.
31. the method for claim 20, the temperature of the water that wherein will handle between about 10 ℃ and about 90 ℃.
32. the method for claim 20, the glassware for drinking water that wherein will handle have the pH between about 6 and about 8.
33. the method for claim 20, the glassware for drinking water that wherein will handle has the pH greater than 8.
34. the method for claim 20, wherein treated water need not filter after handling.
35. the method for claim 20, wherein treated water does not have significantly reduced water hardness level after handling.
36. the method for claim 20, wherein the pH of treated water is substantially similar to the pH at the water source before handling.
37. the method for claim 20, wherein this catalyzer further comprises one or more oxide compounds or the oxyhydroxide of the magnesium, aluminium or the titanium that are not incorporated into support materials.
38. the method for claim 20, the water that wherein contacts with catalyzer form and comprise the cationic throw out that is different from water conditioner.
39. the method for using the treated water source to come cleaning article; This method comprises: catalyst treatment is used at the water source; Catalyzer comprises the water conditioner that is attached to support materials, and wherein this water conditioner is selected from the source of mg ion, aluminum ion, zine ion, titanium ion and composition thereof; Formation has the use solution of treated water and sanitising agent; To such an extent as to and with these goods with use solution to contact to clean this goods.
40. the method for claim 39, wherein this catalyzer further comprises one or more oxide compounds or the oxyhydroxide of magnesium, aluminium or titanium.
41. the method for claim 39, wherein this sanitising agent is substantially free of sequestrant, washing assistant, limit agent, sequestering agent or its combination.
42. the method for claim 39 wherein is being selected from goods and the step of using solution to contact automatic warewasher, is washing in the automatic washing machine of vehicle wash system, instrument washing machine, on-the-spot cleaning system, food-processing cleaning system, bottle washing machine and automatic washing machine and carry out automatically.
43. be used to handle the method for food-processing stream, comprising: food-processing stream is contacted with catalyzer, and this catalyzer comprises the water conditioner that is incorporated into support materials, wherein water conditioner comprises the mg ion source, makes to handle food-processing stream.
44. the method for claim 43, wherein this support materials comprises resin.
45. the method for claim 44, wherein resin comprises low-acid cationic resin.
46. the method for claim 43, wherein the step of contact comprises that food-processing is flowed passes through catalyzer.
47. the method for claim 43, wherein food-processing stream comprises whey permeate.
48. the method for claim 43 further comprises the food-processing stream that concentration is crossed.
49. the method for claim 48, wherein the step of enriching food processing stream be selected from make the food-processing stream handled through reverse osmosis system, make the food-processing of handling flow, make the food-processing of handling flow, make the food-processing of handling circulate evaporator and combination thereof through ultrafiltration system through nanofiltration system.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
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| US17114509P | 2009-04-21 | 2009-04-21 | |
| US61/171,145 | 2009-04-21 | ||
| US26161009P | 2009-11-16 | 2009-11-16 | |
| US61/261,610 | 2009-11-16 | ||
| PCT/IB2010/051755 WO2010122508A2 (en) | 2009-04-21 | 2010-04-21 | Catalytic water treatment method and apparatus |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102405193A true CN102405193A (en) | 2012-04-04 |
| CN102405193B CN102405193B (en) | 2014-03-12 |
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| CN201080017380.XA Active CN102405194B (en) | 2009-04-21 | 2010-04-21 | For controlling the method and apparatus of the water hardness |
| CN201080017040.7A Active CN102405193B (en) | 2009-04-21 | 2010-04-21 | Catalytic water treatment method and apparatus |
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| CN201080017380.XA Active CN102405194B (en) | 2009-04-21 | 2010-04-21 | For controlling the method and apparatus of the water hardness |
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| US (5) | US20100263689A1 (en) |
| EP (3) | EP3904298A1 (en) |
| JP (3) | JP2012524653A (en) |
| CN (2) | CN102405194B (en) |
| AU (3) | AU2010240531B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI1009143B1 (en) |
| CA (2) | CA2755837A1 (en) |
| MX (2) | MX2011010889A (en) |
| WO (2) | WO2010122509A2 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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