CN102398295A - Method for preparing fiber board with low-content formaldehyde - Google Patents
Method for preparing fiber board with low-content formaldehyde Download PDFInfo
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- CN102398295A CN102398295A CN2011103861418A CN201110386141A CN102398295A CN 102398295 A CN102398295 A CN 102398295A CN 2011103861418 A CN2011103861418 A CN 2011103861418A CN 201110386141 A CN201110386141 A CN 201110386141A CN 102398295 A CN102398295 A CN 102398295A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a fiber board with low-content formaldehyde. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) sequentially weighting mulberry leaves, cassia twig, straws and cotton stalks according to parts by weight in a proportion of 10:10:20:60; (2) activating the mulberry leaves, the cassia twig, the straws and the cotton stalks, which are weighted in the step (1), by using ammonia water; (3) smashing the mulberry leaves, the cassia twig, the straws and the cotton stalks, which are activated in the step (2), into fiber or powder; (4) uniformly mixing fiber or powder materials in the step (3) and wood fiber, and then applying an adhesive to form a mixture; and (5) assembling the mixture in the step (4), and pressing to obtain a fiber board material. The invention has the advantages that: the emission of the formaldehyde in the fiber board can be effectively reduced; theorized performance indexes of the fiber board can meet requirements of the national standards GB/T17657-1999 of artificial boards; the method is low in cost; and the fiber board is nontoxic.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fiberboard technical field, specially refer to the preparation method of the low fiberboard of a kind of content of formaldehyde.
Background technology
In Wood-based Panel Production technology, will use adhesive in a large number, general adhesive contains " instability " key and group, and lower or climax, high humidity environment are understood chain rupture down, thereby isolated formaldehyde at pH value.As; Resin remaining unreacted free formaldehyde when synthetic as one of adhesive formulation; Participate in the formaldehyde that reaction generates unstable group when resin is synthetic; In hot pressing,, when resin is synthetic, be adsorbed on colloidal particle protonated formaldehyde molecule on every side, under electrolytical effect, equally also can discharge also can discharge; In addition, the mol ratio of raw material also is the important factor that influences artificial board formaldehyde burst size in the resin.
Therefore, be employed in and rationally use curing agent (kind and applied amount) and " aldehyde capturing agent " (urea, paraffin wax emulsions+urea, thioamides, ammonium carbonate, ammoniacal liquor) in the technical process, can reduce burst size of methanal.At present; Because burst size of methanal is than higher in the artificial board of China; Adopt of prior art organically combines catalyst technology, chemical method, absorption method more, makes the formaldehyde removing catalyst infiltrate wood-based plate inside, with the free formaldehyde generation chemical reaction in the sheet material; Or the free formaldehyde in the absorption surrounding air, with formaldehyde generation chemical reaction, generate the stable solid material and reach the effect of knowing formaldehyde.But the said method manufacturing cost is very high, is unfavorable for enterprise production.
One Chinese patent application number: 200510035030.7, file discloses a kind of formaldehyde eliminating agent and has formed (percentage by weight) by following component: amine compound 1%-50%, cyanamide compounds 0.5%-30%, the water-soluble high-molecular compound 0.1%-20% of hydroxyl, water 1%-30%, titanium dioxide 0.8%-1.5%.The invention has the advantages that: it can very remove indoor and the formaldehyde pollutant indoor furniture air effectively, and the elimination factor of PARA FORMALDEHYDE PRILLS(91,95) can reach 90%.One Chinese patent application number and for example: 200610056934.2 1 kinds of preparation methods that are used for the central layer of core-board; File discloses a kind of preparation method who is used for the central layer of core-board; Comprise preparation equal thickness lath, lath is carried out assembly and makes lath arrange the step of driving fit, also comprise step: before the assembly of lath, at central layer not under the jigsaw situation; Formaldehyde eliminating agent is directly sprayed or brushes the side at lath; And under the situation of central layer jigsaw, spray or brush the adhesive that is added with formaldehyde eliminating agent in the side of lath, make formaldehyde eliminating agent be coated in the side of lath with adhesive.But its can only be independent conduct surface spraying and can not combine with wood-fibred, therefore, the removing effect of formaldehyde still is not very desirable; And the chemical agent of use is many, has increased cost of manufacture, and toxicity is big.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art; Provide a kind of and can effectively lower the burst size of methanal in the fiberboard, guarantee simultaneously that the performance indications that theorize of fiberboard meet the requirement of wood-based plate GB GB/T17657-1999, cost is low and the preparation method of the fiberboard that the content of formaldehyde that is nontoxic itself is low.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: the preparation method of the fiberboard that a kind of content of formaldehyde is low, and its preparation process is:
(1) be 10: 10: 20 according to the weight portion proportioning successively respectively with mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk: 60 take by weighing;
(2) adopt ammoniacal liquor to carry out activation processing the mulberry leaf that take by weighing in the step (1), cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk;
(3) be ground into mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk after step (2) activation processing fibrous or Powdered;
(4), apply adhesive and form mixture with after fibrous or Powdered material and wood-fibred mix in the step (3);
(5) with the mixture assembly in the step (4) and be pressed into fiberboard sheet material.
The middle mulberry leaf of above-mentioned steps (1), cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk are dried moisture content before taking by weighing be 8 ~ 10%.
When above-mentioned steps (2) was carried out activation processing, the control temperature was 20 ~ 30 ℃, and the airtight holding time is 24 hours.
When above-mentioned steps (2) was carried out activation processing, the mass percent concentration of the ammonia spirit of employing was 3 ~ 4%, and the weight proportion of ammoniacal liquor and mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and four kinds of materials of cotton stalk is 12 ~ 18: 100.
As preferably, when above-mentioned steps (2) was carried out activation processing, the mass percent concentration of the ammonia spirit of employing was 3%, and the weight proportion of ammoniacal liquor and mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and four kinds of materials of cotton stalk is 16: 100.
Mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk are ground into the fibrous or Powdered drying of carrying out in the above-mentioned steps (3), and being dried to water content is 8 ~ 10%.
The weight portion proportioning of wood-fibred and mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and four kinds of raw materials of cotton stalk is 100:10 ~ 30 in the above-mentioned steps (4).
Adhesive in the above-mentioned steps (4) is that Lauxite and ammonium chloride are the adhesive that mixes at 100: 1 according to weight proportion, Lauxite (wherein the mol ratio of urea and formaldehyde is 1:1.2).
Adhesive addition in the above-mentioned steps (4) is 10% of wood-fibred, mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and a cotton stalk gross weight.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect:
1, the present invention mixes use through mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and the cotton stalk waste material of activation with wood-fibred; Fiberboard make in the use can with formaldehyde generation chemical reaction; Fundamentally reduced the fiberboard burst size of methanal preferably, effect significantly and lastingly and not can rebound;
2, the present invention adopts mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material to mix use with wood-fibred as additive, and the fiberboard mechanical property of preparation not only can not reduce, and increases;
3, the manufacturing cost of mulberry leaf of the present invention, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material itself is very low with respect to the wood-fibred cost, thereby has guaranteed the decline of the manufacturing cost of fiberboard.
The specific embodiment
Describe content of the present invention in detail through the specific embodiment below.Mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material are from the mulberry leaf in the agricultural production, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk residue.Wood-fibred is selected aspen fibers by using silicon.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method who prepares the low fiberboard of a kind of content of formaldehyde according to following steps:
1, get the raw materials ready according to following weight portion proportioning:
Ammonia spirit (mass percent concentration 4%) is 12kg
Mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material are 100kg, and wherein the weight portion proportioning of mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material is 10:10:20:60;
2, the activation processing of mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material
Ammonia spirit is evenly sprayed on mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material, after stirring, airtight insulation 24 hours in polybag under 20 ℃;
3, the activation processing of mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material
After mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and the cotton stalk waste material of activated processing placed dryer to dry to be 8% to moisture content; It is ground into fibrous (industry routine operation method; Those skilled in the art can both implement), the mulberry leaf that obtain, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk powder are mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and the cotton stalk additive that is used for fiberboard of the present invention;
4, additive and wood-fibred mixes
With mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and the cotton stalk additive of gained and moisture content is that 8% aspen fibers by using silicon is more even than the mixed for 10:100 by weight, obtains compound;
5, prepare fiberboard according to the general fibre board production technology:
1) wherein, the quality index of Lauxite (wherein the mol ratio of urea and formaldehyde is 1:1.2) is following to prepare impregnation raw material (all calculating by solid content) according to the weight proportion of Lauxite 100kg, ammonium chloride 1kg:
Solids content 60 ~ 65%
PH value 7.0 ~ 7.2
Viscosity (20 ℃) 150 ~ 400mpas
Free formaldehyde content<0.2%
20 ~ 30 days storage periods
2) Lauxite that measures is mixed with ammonium chloride, stir all with for use;
3) applying glue: adopt glue mixer in the compound of aspen fibers by using silicon and activation mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material, to mix urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive; Stir; Resin added be 10% (here 10%, be meant adhesive account for aspen fibers by using silicon and activation mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk total amount 10%).
The Lauxite that the present invention uses is not limited to above-mentioned Lauxite, and various common Lauxite and modified urea-formaldehyde resin that factory generally adopts also all are suitable for.
4) mat formation: process slab with aspen fibers by using silicon and activation mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and the cotton stalk waste material compound of spreading machine after with applying glue;
5) precompressed: the slab to paving at room temperature carries out precompressed, and preload pressure is 1.8MPa, squeeze time 30s;
6) hot-forming: the slab to precompressed carries out hot pressing, and hot pressing temperature is 180 ℃, and hot pressing speed is 20s/mm, and hot pressing pressure is 2.5Mpa, processes the thick fiberboard of 18mm, through after cutting, obtains product of the present invention.
Press GB/T17657-1999 " Test methods of evaluating the properties of woodbased panels and surface decorated woodbased panels " detection fibers foliation voltinism ability, burst size of methanal adopts perforation method to detect, and the result sees table 1.
Embodiment 2
1, get the raw materials ready according to following weight portion proportioning:
Ammonia spirit (mass percent concentration 3%) is 18kg
Mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material are 100kg, and wherein the weight portion proportioning of mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material is 10:10:20:60;
2, the activation processing of mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material
Ammonia spirit is evenly sprayed on mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material, and after stirring, airtight insulation is 24 hours in 30 ℃ of following polybags;
3, the activation processing of mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material
After mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and the cotton stalk waste material of activated processing placed dryer to dry to be 10% to moisture content; It is ground into fibrous, the mulberry leaf that obtain, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk powder are mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and the cotton stalk additive that is used for fiberboard of the present invention;
4, additive and wood-fibred mixes
With mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and the cotton stalk additive of gained and moisture content is that 10% aspen fibers by using silicon is more even than the mixed that is 20: 100 by weight, obtains compound;
5, prepare fiberboard technology with embodiment 1 according to the general fibre board production technology, press GB/T17657-1999 " Test methods of evaluating the properties of woodbased panels and surface decorated woodbased panels " detection fibers foliation voltinism ability, burst size of methanal adopts perforation method to detect, and the result sees table 1.
Embodiment 3
1, get the raw materials ready according to following weight portion proportioning:
Ammonia spirit (mass percent concentration 3.5%) is 16kg
Mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material are 100kg, and wherein the weight portion proportioning of mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material is 10:10:20:60
2, the activation processing of mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material
Ammonia spirit is evenly sprayed on mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material, and after stirring, airtight insulation is 24 hours in 26 ℃ of following polybags;
3, the activation processing of mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material
After mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and the cotton stalk waste material of activated processing placed dryer to dry to be 9% to moisture content; It is ground into fibrous, the mulberry leaf that obtain, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk powder are mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and the cotton stalk additive that is used for fiberboard of the present invention;
4, additive and wood-fibred mixes
With mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and the cotton stalk additive of gained and moisture content is that 9% aspen fibers by using silicon is more even than the mixed that is 30 ︰ 100 by weight, obtains compound;
5, prepare fiberboard technology with embodiment 1 according to the general fibre board production technology, press GB/T17657-1999 " Test methods of evaluating the properties of woodbased panels and surface decorated woodbased panels " detection fibers foliation voltinism ability, burst size of methanal adopts perforation method to detect, and the result sees table 1.
Embodiment 4
1, get the raw materials ready according to following weight portion proportioning:
Ammonia spirit (mass percent concentration 3%) is 16kg
Mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material are 100kg, and wherein the weight portion proportioning of mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material is 10:10:20:60
2, the activation processing of mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material
Ammonia spirit is evenly sprayed on mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material, and after stirring, airtight insulation is 24 hours in 20 ℃ of following polybags;
3, the activation processing of mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk waste material
After mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and the cotton stalk waste material of activated processing placed dryer to dry to be 9% to moisture content; It is ground into fibrous, the mulberry leaf that obtain, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk powder are mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and the cotton stalk additive that is used for fiberboard of the present invention;
4, additive and wood-fibred mixes
With mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and the cotton stalk additive of gained and moisture content is that 8% aspen fibers by using silicon is more even than the mixed that is 30 ︰ 100 by weight, obtains compound;
5, prepare fiberboard technology with embodiment 1 according to the general fibre board production technology, press GB/T17657-1999 " Test methods of evaluating the properties of woodbased panels and surface decorated woodbased panels " detection fibers foliation voltinism ability, burst size of methanal adopts perforation method to detect, and the result sees table 1.
Table 1 fiberboard physicochemical property testing result
Sample | Burst size of methanal (mg/100g) | Burst size of methanal reduced rate (%) | MOR (MPa) | Internal bond strength (MPa) |
Reference examples (existing wood-based plate) | 26.1 | - | 24 | 0.53 |
Embodiment 1 | 5.1 | 70.2 | 24.3 | 0.51 |
Embodiment 2 | 5.0 | 72.8 | 25.2 | 0.53 |
Embodiment 3 | 4.6 | 74.6 | 25.6 | 0.55 |
Embodiment 4 | 4.1 | 76.2 | 26.2 | 0.56 |
Claims (9)
1. the preparation method of the fiberboard that a content of formaldehyde is low, it is characterized in that: preparation process is:
(1) be 10: 10: 20 according to the weight portion proportioning successively respectively with mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk: 60 take by weighing;
(2) adopt ammoniacal liquor to carry out activation processing the mulberry leaf that take by weighing in the step (1), cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk;
(3) be ground into mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk after step (2) activation processing fibrous or Powdered;
(4), apply adhesive and form mixture with after fibrous or Powdered material and wood-fibred mix in the step (3);
(5) with mixture assembly in the step (4) and be pressed into fiberboard sheet material.
2. the preparation method of the fiberboard that a kind of content of formaldehyde according to claim 1 is low is characterized in that: the mulberry leaf in the step (1), cassia twig, stalk and cotton stalk moisture content are 8 ~ 10%.
3. the preparation method of the fiberboard that a kind of content of formaldehyde according to claim 1 is low is characterized in that: ammoniacal liquor carries out activation processing in the step (2), and activation process control temperature is 20 ~ 30 ℃, and the airtight holding time is 24 hours.
4. the preparation method of the fiberboard that a kind of content of formaldehyde according to claim 1 is low is characterized in that: during step (2) activation processing, the mass percent concentration of the ammonia spirit of employing is 3 ~ 4%.
5. the preparation method of the fiberboard that a kind of content of formaldehyde according to claim 4 is low is characterized in that: when step (2) was carried out activation processing, the mass percent concentration of the ammonia spirit of employing was 3%.
6. the preparation method of the fiberboard that a kind of content of formaldehyde according to claim 1 is low is characterized in that: the weight proportion of ammoniacal liquor and mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and four kinds of materials of cotton stalk is 12 ~ 18: 100 during step (2) activation processing.
7. the preparation method of the fiberboard that a kind of content of formaldehyde according to claim 6 is low is characterized in that: the weight proportion of ammoniacal liquor and mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and four kinds of materials of cotton stalk is 16: 100 during step (2) activation processing.
8. the preparation method of the fiberboard that a kind of content of formaldehyde according to claim 1 is low is characterized in that: the weight portion proportioning of wood-fibred and mulberry leaf, cassia twig, stalk and four kinds of raw materials of cotton stalk is 100:10 ~ 30 in the step (4).
9. the preparation method of the fiberboard that a kind of content of formaldehyde according to claim 1 is low is characterized in that: the adhesive in the step (4) is that Lauxite and ammonium chloride are the adhesive that mixes at 100: 1 according to weight proportion.
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Cited By (3)
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CN103101100A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-05-15 | 廊坊华日家具股份有限公司 | Environment friendly recombination bamboo artificial board and manufacturing method thereof |
CN106279718A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2017-01-04 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of powder of straw method of modifying and the binder matrix containing modified straw powder |
CN115674393A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-02-03 | 上海康拜环保设备有限公司 | Formaldehyde-free high-strength cotton stalk particle board and manufacturing method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120404 |