CN102397739A - Technology for preparing hydrogen and carbon dioxide by purifying and refining biological butanol fermentation tail gas and purification plant thereof - Google Patents
Technology for preparing hydrogen and carbon dioxide by purifying and refining biological butanol fermentation tail gas and purification plant thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102397739A CN102397739A CN2011103570569A CN201110357056A CN102397739A CN 102397739 A CN102397739 A CN 102397739A CN 2011103570569 A CN2011103570569 A CN 2011103570569A CN 201110357056 A CN201110357056 A CN 201110357056A CN 102397739 A CN102397739 A CN 102397739A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/151—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2
Abstract
The invention relates to a technology for preparing hydrogen and carbon dioxide by purifying and refining biological butanol fermentation tail gas, which is characterized by comprising the following technical steps: a. adsorbing carbon dioxide: after mixed gas is compressed to 1.2MPa, causing the mixed gas to enter a gas heat exchanger, cooling and exchanging heat by low-pressure flash steam and decarburized gas, separating condensate water by a tower gas separator, causing the gas to enter from the bottom of a decarburization tower, ensuring that the gas carries out counter current contact with solvent which flows from top to bottom in the tower from bottom to top so as to absorb the carbon dioxide in the gas; b. purifying the carbon dioxide; c. regenerating decarburized liquid; and d. purifying nitrogen. The technology for preparing hydrogen and carbon dioxide by purifying and refining biological butanol fermentation tail gas has the advantages that a scheme is stable and reliable because a polyethylene glycol dimetyl ether (NHD) chemical absorption decarburization method is applied, pressure swing adsorption (PSA) technology is adopted for the subsequent refining, and therefore the technology is simple to operate, has the advantages of high degree of automation, low cost, high product purity and wide market range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biological butanol fermentation tail gas purifying and prepare hydrogen and carbon dioxide process, also relate to a kind of biological butanol fermentation tail gas purifier.
Background technology
In the process of biofermentation production acetone, butanols, produce fermentation tail gas, this is a mist, and wherein carbon dioxide content is up to 62% (V%); Hydrogen 38% (V%), this mist is generally discharging on the spot in plant produced, or because of the fuel of hydrogen as boiler; But so a large amount of carbon dioxide is gone into stove with fuel gas; Not only cause environmental pollution, lower boiler efficiency, also cause the wasting of resources simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of biological butanol fermentation tail gas purifying and prepare hydrogen and carbon dioxide process, a kind of biological butanol fermentation tail gas purifier also is provided.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
Biological butanol fermentation tail gas purifying prepares hydrogen and carbon dioxide process, comprises following processing step:
A, absorbing carbon dioxide step;
Gaseous mixture is through being compressed to 1.2MPa; Get into gas heat exchanger; Behind low pressure flash gas and decarbonization gas cooling heat transferring, and separate condensed water, get into from the decarbonizing tower bottom through advancing the tower gas separating device; Gas in tower from bottom to top with top-down solvent counter current contacting, with the carbon dioxide absorption in the gas;
B, purification of carbon dioxide step:
Absorbed the rich solution of carbon dioxide, gone out, be decompressed to 0.2-0.5MPa and in the high pressure flash groove, flash off hydrogen and the 15-25% carbon dioxide that carries from the decarbonizing tower underflow; The liquid level of high pressure flash groove is 50-95%; High pressure flash gas dodges gas separating device through height and separates the mist of carrying secretly, gets into feed gas compressor, returns decarbonizing tower after compression; The rich solution that flows out from the high pressure flash trench bottom still contains the 75-85% carbon dioxide and gets into low-pressure flashing tank again; The liquid level of low-pressure flashing tank is 25-50%, is to continue flash distillation under the 0.01-0.05Mpa at pressure further, and the content of carbon dioxide is 96-99% in the low pressure flash gas; Separate the mist of carrying secretly through the low gas separating device that dodges, send into CO after the heat exchange
2Purifier compresses, freezing, and through adsorption cleaning, removes impurity wherein, manufacture level or food-grade carbon-dioxide;
C, decarbonizing liquid regeneration step:
From the rich solution that low-pressure flashing tank flows out, got to the stripping tower top by the rich solution pump, the packing layer of flowing through downwards contacts with gas exhaust circulation of vital energy in the wrong direction stream, and further desorption and regeneration is a lean solution, and lean solution is squeezed into decarbonizing tower top through lean pump, reuptakes carbon dioxide;
D, purifying hydrogen of hydrogen step:
By the next raw hydrogen of gaseous mixture decarbonization process; Pressure 1.2MPa; Temperature gets into the PSA device for 35 ℃; Adsorb from getting in the adsorption tower at the bottom of the tower, the carbon dioxide in the unstripped gas, water, trace oxygen, nitrogen and organic gas are absorbed, it is the industrial hydrogen of 98-99.6% that last cat head obtains purity.
Further, the solvent in the absorbing carbon dioxide step is NHD solution or NHD NHD.
Biological butanol fermentation tail gas purifier comprises adsorption tower body, pipeline, is arranged at a plurality of valves and urgent emptying protective device on the pipeline, and said adsorption tower bodies top is provided with flange; Said adsorption tower body bottom is provided with suction line, and said suction line top adsorption tower body interior is provided with distributor, and said distributor comprises baffle plate; Said adsorption tower body interior top surface is filled with the porcelain ball, and said flange bottom adsorption tower body interior is welded with collector, has the circular hole of queueing discipline on the said collector periphery; Distribution place of said circular hole is with steel wire a, and said distributor is provided with orifice plate near adsorption tower body one side, and said orifice surface is provided with steel wire b; Said steel wire b passes through bolt on the adsorption tower body; The exit of said adsorption tower body is provided with the outlet main valve, and the porch of said adsorption tower body is provided with the inlet main valve, and said urgent emptying protective device comprises low-pressure flashing tank; Said low-pressure flashing tank connects valve a and valve b; Said valve a all is connected interlock with valve b, and said valve a also connects purifier, and said valve b also is connected with emptying house steward bottom.
The diameter of said porcelain ball is 35mm, and the diameter of said circular hole is 15mm.
Advantage of the present invention is: utilization NHD chemical absorbing decarbonization method, and scheme is reliable and stable, and follow-up refining employing PSA pressure swing adsorption technique is simple to operate, and automaticity is high; Cost low production purity is high, and the market purposes is wide.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of biological butanol fermentation tail gas purifier of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of adsorption tower among Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of urgent emptying protective device of the present invention.
Wherein: 1, adsorption tower body, 2, flange, 3, the porcelain ball, 4, collector, 5, circular hole, 6, steel wire a; 7, suction line, 8, distributor, 9, baffle plate, 10, steel wire b, 11, bolt, 12, orifice plate; 13, pipeline, 14, valve, 15, the outlet main valve, 16, the inlet main valve, 17, low-pressure flashing tank; 18, valve a, 19, valve b, 20, device is chain, 21, purifier, 22, the emptying house steward.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, biological butanol fermentation tail gas purifying of the present invention prepares hydrogen and carbon dioxide process, comprises following processing step:
A, absorbing carbon dioxide step;
Gaseous mixture is through being compressed to 1.2MPa; Get into gas heat exchanger; Behind low pressure flash gas and decarbonization gas cooling heat transferring, and separate condensed water, get into from the decarbonizing tower bottom through advancing the tower gas separating device; Gas in tower from bottom to top with top-down NHD solution counter current contacting, with the carbon dioxide absorption in the gas;
B, purified hydrogen and carbon dioxide step:
Absorbed the rich solution of carbon dioxide, gone out, be decompressed to 0.2MPa and in the high pressure flash groove, flash off hydrogen and 15% carbon dioxide that carries from the decarbonizing tower underflow; The liquid level of high pressure flash groove is 50%, and high pressure flash gas dodges gas separating device through height and separates the mist of carrying secretly, gets into feed gas compressor; Return decarbonizing tower after compression, the rich solution that flows out from the high pressure flash trench bottom still contains 75% carbon dioxide and gets into low-pressure flashing tank again, and the liquid level of low-pressure flashing tank is 25%; Be to continue flash distillation under the 0.01Mpa further at pressure; The content of carbon dioxide is 96% in the low pressure flash gas, separates the mist of carrying secretly through the low gas separating device that dodges, and sends into CO after the heat exchange
2Purifier compresses, freezing, and through adsorption cleaning, removes impurity wherein, manufacture level or food-grade carbon-dioxide;
C, decarbonizing liquid regeneration step:
From the rich solution that low-pressure flashing tank flows out, got to the stripping tower top by the rich solution pump, the packing layer of flowing through downwards contacts with gas exhaust circulation of vital energy in the wrong direction stream, and further desorption and regeneration is a lean solution, and lean solution is squeezed into decarbonizing tower top through lean pump, reuptakes carbon dioxide;
D, purifying hydrogen of hydrogen step:
By the next raw hydrogen of gaseous mixture decarbonization process; Pressure 1.2MPa, temperature gets into the PSA device for 35 ℃, adsorbs from getting in the adsorption tower at the bottom of the tower; Carbon dioxide in the unstripped gas, water, trace oxygen, nitrogen and organic gas are absorbed, and last cat head acquisition purity is 99% industrial hydrogen.
Shown in Fig. 2-4, biological butanol fermentation tail gas purifier of the present invention comprises adsorption tower body 1, pipeline 13, is arranged at a plurality of valves 14 and urgent emptying protective device on the pipeline 13; Adsorption tower body 1 top is provided with flange 2, and adsorption tower body 1 bottom is provided with suction line 7, and adsorption tower body 1 inside, suction line 7 top is provided with distributor 8; Distributor 8 comprises baffle plate 9, and adsorption tower body 1 inside top surface is filled with porcelain ball 3, and the diameter of porcelain ball 3 is 35mm; Flange 2 bottom adsorption tower body 1 interior welds have collector 4, have the circular hole 5 of queueing discipline on collector 4 peripheries, and the diameter of circular hole 5 is 15mm; Circular hole 5 distributions place are with steel wire a 6, and distributor 8 is provided with orifice plate 12 near adsorption tower body 1 one sides, and orifice plate 12 surfaces are provided with steel wire b 10; Steel wire b 10 is fixed on the adsorption tower body 1 through bolt 11; The exit of adsorption tower body 1 is provided with outlet main valve 15, and the porch of adsorption tower body 1 is provided with inlet main valve 16, and urgent emptying protective device comprises low-pressure flashing tank 17; Low-pressure flashing tank 17 connects valve a 18 and valve b 19; Valve a 18 all is connected interlock 20 with valve b 19, and valve a 18 also connects purifier 21, and valve b 19 also is connected with emptying house steward 22 bottoms.
As shown in Figure 1, biological butanol fermentation tail gas purifying of the present invention prepares hydrogen and carbon dioxide process, comprises following processing step:
A, absorbing carbon dioxide step;
Gaseous mixture is through being compressed to 1.2MPa; Get into gas heat exchanger; Behind low pressure flash gas and decarbonization gas cooling heat transferring, and separate condensed water, get into from the decarbonizing tower bottom through advancing the tower gas separating device; Gas in tower from bottom to top with top-down NHD solution counter current contacting, with the carbon dioxide absorption in the gas;
B, purification of carbon dioxide step:
Absorbed the NaHCO of carbon dioxide
3, go out from the decarbonizing tower underflow, be decompressed to 0.3MPa and in the high pressure flash groove, flash off hydrogen and 20% carbon dioxide that carries; The liquid level of high pressure flash groove is 70%, and high pressure flash gas dodges gas separating device through height and separates the mist of carrying secretly, gets into feed gas compressor; Return decarbonizing tower after compression, the rich solution that flows out from the high pressure flash trench bottom still contains 80% carbon dioxide and gets into low-pressure flashing tank again, and the liquid level of low-pressure flashing tank is 40%; Be to continue flash distillation under the 0.03MPa further at pressure; The content of carbon dioxide is 97% in the low pressure flash gas, separates the mist of carrying secretly through the low gas separating device that dodges, and sends into CO after the heat exchange
2Purifier compresses, freezing, and through adsorption cleaning, removes impurity wherein, manufacture level or food-grade carbon-dioxide;
C, decarbonizing liquid regeneration step:
NaHCO from the low-pressure flashing tank outflow
3, got to the stripping tower top by the rich solution pump, the packing layer of flowing through downwards contacts with gas exhaust circulation of vital energy in the wrong direction stream, and further desorption and regeneration is a lean solution, and lean solution is squeezed into decarbonizing tower top through lean pump, reuptakes carbon dioxide;
D, purifying hydrogen of hydrogen step:
By the next raw hydrogen of gaseous mixture decarbonization process; Pressure 1.2Mpa, temperature gets into the PSA device for 35 ℃, adsorbs from getting in the adsorption tower at the bottom of the tower; Carbon dioxide in the unstripped gas, water, trace oxygen, nitrogen and organic gas are absorbed, and last cat head acquisition purity is 98% industrial hydrogen.
As shown in Figure 1, biological butanol fermentation tail gas purifying of the present invention prepares hydrogen and carbon dioxide process, comprises following processing step:
A, absorbing carbon dioxide step;
Gaseous mixture is through being compressed to 1.2MPa; Get into gas heat exchanger; Behind low pressure flash gas and decarbonization gas cooling heat transferring, and separate condensed water, get into from the decarbonizing tower bottom through advancing the tower gas separating device; Gas in tower from bottom to top with top-down NHD solution counter current contacting, with the carbon dioxide absorption in the gas;
B, purification of carbon dioxide step:
Absorbed the NaHCO of carbon dioxide
3, go out from the decarbonizing tower underflow, be decompressed to 0.5MPa and in the high pressure flash groove, flash off hydrogen and 25% carbon dioxide that carries; The liquid level of high pressure flash groove is 95%, and high pressure flash gas dodges gas separating device through height and separates the mist of carrying secretly, gets into feed gas compressor; Return decarbonizing tower after compression, the rich solution that flows out from the high pressure flash trench bottom still contains 85% carbon dioxide and gets into low-pressure flashing tank again, and the liquid level of low-pressure flashing tank is 50%; Be to continue flash distillation under the 0.05MPa further at pressure; The content of carbon dioxide is 99% in the low pressure flash gas, separates the mist of carrying secretly through the low gas separating device that dodges, and sends into CO after the heat exchange
2Purifier compresses, freezing, and through adsorption cleaning, removes impurity wherein, manufacture level or food-grade carbon-dioxide;
C, decarbonizing liquid regeneration step:
NaHCO from the low-pressure flashing tank outflow
3, got to the stripping tower top by the rich solution pump, the packing layer of flowing through downwards contacts with gas exhaust circulation of vital energy in the wrong direction stream, and further desorption and regeneration is a lean solution, and lean solution is squeezed into decarbonizing tower top through lean pump, reuptakes carbon dioxide;
D, purifying hydrogen of hydrogen step:
By the next raw hydrogen of gaseous mixture decarbonization process; Pressure 1.2Mpa, temperature gets into the PSA device for 35 ℃, adsorbs from getting in the adsorption tower at the bottom of the tower; Carbon dioxide in the unstripped gas, water, trace oxygen, nitrogen and organic gas are absorbed, and last cat head acquisition purity is 99.6% industrial hydrogen.
Present embodiment biological butanol fermentation tail gas purifier is with embodiment 1.
Claims (4)
1. biological butanol fermentation tail gas purifying prepares hydrogen and carbon dioxide process, it is characterized in that: comprise following processing step:
A, absorbing carbon dioxide step:
Gaseous mixture is through being compressed to 1.2MPa; Get into gas heat exchanger; Behind low pressure flash gas and decarbonization gas cooling heat transferring, and separate condensed water, get into from the decarbonizing tower bottom through advancing the tower gas separating device; Gas in tower from bottom to top with top-down solvent counter current contacting, with the carbon dioxide absorption in the gas;
B, purification of carbon dioxide step:
Absorbed the rich solution of carbon dioxide, gone out, be decompressed to 0.2-0.5MPa and in the high pressure flash groove, flash off hydrogen and the 15-25% carbon dioxide that carries from the decarbonizing tower underflow; The liquid level of high pressure flash groove is 50-95%; High pressure flash gas dodges gas separating device through height and separates the mist of carrying secretly, gets into feed gas compressor, returns decarbonizing tower after compression; The rich solution that flows out from the high pressure flash trench bottom still contains the 75-85% carbon dioxide and gets into low-pressure flashing tank again; The liquid level of low-pressure flashing tank is 25-50%, is to continue flash distillation under the 0.01-0.05MPa at pressure further, and the content of carbon dioxide is 96-99% in the low pressure flash gas; Separate the mist of carrying secretly through the low gas separating device that dodges, send into CO after the heat exchange
2Purifier compresses, freezing, and through adsorption cleaning, removes impurity wherein, manufacture level or food-grade carbon-dioxide;
C, decarbonizing liquid regeneration step:
From the rich solution that low-pressure flashing tank flows out, got to the stripping tower top by the rich solution pump, the packing layer of flowing through downwards contacts with gas exhaust circulation of vital energy in the wrong direction stream, and further desorption and regeneration is a lean solution, and lean solution is squeezed into decarbonizing tower top through lean pump, reuptakes carbon dioxide;
D, purifying hydrogen of hydrogen step:
By the next raw hydrogen of gaseous mixture decarbonization process; Pressure 1.2MPa; Temperature gets into the PSA device for 35 ℃; Adsorb from getting in the adsorption tower at the bottom of the tower, the carbon dioxide in the unstripped gas, water, trace oxygen, nitrogen and organic gas are absorbed, it is the industrial hydrogen of 98-99.6% that last cat head obtains purity.
2. biological butanol fermentation tail gas purifying according to claim 1 prepares hydrogen and carbon dioxide process, it is characterized in that: the solvent in the absorbing carbon dioxide step is NHD solution or NHD NHD.
3. biological butanol fermentation tail gas purifier comprises adsorption tower body, pipeline, is arranged at a plurality of valves and urgent emptying protective device on the pipeline, and said adsorption tower bodies top is provided with flange; Said adsorption tower body bottom is provided with suction line, and said suction line top adsorption tower body interior is provided with distributor, and said distributor comprises baffle plate; It is characterized in that: said adsorption tower body interior top surface is filled with the porcelain ball, and said flange bottom adsorption tower body interior is welded with collector, has the circular hole of queueing discipline on the said collector periphery; Distribution place of said circular hole is with steel wire a, and said distributor is provided with orifice plate near adsorption tower body one side, and said orifice surface is provided with steel wire b; Said steel wire b passes through bolt on the adsorption tower body; The exit of said adsorption tower body is provided with the outlet main valve, and the porch of said adsorption tower body is provided with the inlet main valve, and said urgent emptying protective device comprises low-pressure flashing tank; Said low-pressure flashing tank connects valve a and valve b; Said valve a all is connected interlock with valve b, and said valve a also connects purifier, and said valve b also is connected with emptying house steward bottom.
4. biological butanol fermentation tail gas purifier according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the diameter of said porcelain ball is 35mm, and the diameter of said circular hole is 15mm.
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Cited By (1)
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Owner name: NANTONG ZHENGTUO GAS CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: BEIJING ZHENGTUO GAS TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Effective date: 20140801 |
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Effective date of registration: 20140801 Address after: 226100 Linjiang Industrial Zone, Linjiang New District, Haimen, Jiangsu, Nantong Patentee after: Nantong Zhengta Gas Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100022 building 10, building 88, building 7-10, Jianguo Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District 2608 Patentee before: BEIJING ZTAIR GROUP LTD. |