CN102383025B - Preparation method of super-critical high alloy steel suitable for thermal power unit - Google Patents
Preparation method of super-critical high alloy steel suitable for thermal power unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN102383025B CN102383025B CN2011103096271A CN201110309627A CN102383025B CN 102383025 B CN102383025 B CN 102383025B CN 2011103096271 A CN2011103096271 A CN 2011103096271A CN 201110309627 A CN201110309627 A CN 201110309627A CN 102383025 B CN102383025 B CN 102383025B
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- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- VVTSZOCINPYFDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Ar] Chemical compound [O].[Ar] VVTSZOCINPYFDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000592 Ferroniobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- ZFGFKQDDQUAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron niobium Chemical compound [Fe].[Fe].[Nb] ZFGFKQDDQUAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;silicon Chemical compound [Ca]=[Si] OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019628 coolness Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 Si:0.18-0.4% Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001417490 Sillaginidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of super-critical high alloy steel suitable for a thermal power unit. The method comprises the following steps: 1) smelting, namely smelting molten steel by combining medium-frequency furnace primary smelting with argon-oxygen blowing decarburization refining; and 2) performing heat treatment, namely unpacking at a temperature below 90 DEG C, heating to 770+/-15 DEG C in a heating rate which is no more than 110 DEG C/h, performing stress-removing annealing, performing gas cutting, carbon arc gouging and repair welding, and carrying out heat treatment by adopting normalizing and tempering. The preparation method has simple process and lower manufacturing cost; the prepared super-critical high alloy steel has no crack, uniform metallographic structure, small grain size and good comprehensive performance; and the super-critical use requirement of the product can be ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to casting field, be specifically related to a kind of manufacture method that is applicable to the super critical high quality steel of fired power generating unit.
Background technology
Reducing primary energy consumption to reduce greenhouse gas emission, is current developing goal of seeking in the world green clean energy." national medium-term and long-term scientific technological advance outline 2006-2020 " explicitly points out, China from now on will be with " improving energetically the utilising efficiency of primary energy source " and " capture the Grand Equipments such as advanced coal electricity, nuclear power and make core technology " as the energy development thinking, great technology and the equipments such as primary study exploitation high-level efficiency supercritical unit.Subsequently, national Eleventh Five-Year Plan outline is classified the Large Efficient clean electric power generation equipment such as supercritical thermal power unit as China equipment manufacture development emphasis.Current, within quite long period, China is difficult under the prerequisite of radical change take fossil energy as main energy structure, country's " 12 " planning outline is emphasized again, greatly develop the coal-fired unit of large capacity of clean and effective, to realize the purpose of " efficient, energy-saving and environmental protection ", as seen, high-parameters, high-level efficiency and jumbo supercritical generating unit are the inexorable trends of China's energy source layout and electric power development.At present, the research and development achievement of supercritical thermal power machine assembly material mainly concentrates on the western developed countries such as Germany, Italy, the U.S., and the overcritical steel grade of part has been realized industrialization, but because overcritical material contains complicated alloying constituent, especially contain N, Al element, overcritical material very easily produces critical defect in actual production process, such as crackle, the defective such as metallographic structure is inhomogeneous, grain fineness number is large, finally cause overcritical material over-all properties to reduce, do not guarantee the postcritical service requirements of product.Overcritical material production cost is high, and in the world in actual production process, this material products production difficulty is large, condemnation factor is high at present, and product price is high, is seriously restricting the development of supercritical thermal power unit industry.The overcritical product of China all is to depend on import all the time, and present overcritical material still is in the blank stage of technological gap and product at home.The general production method of existing production technology for adopt the EAF electric arc furnace slightly refine+LF ladle refining+VOD/VD vacuum oxygen decarburization/vacuum degassing process smelts, production technique is comparatively complicated loaded down with trivial details, production cost is high, and the defectives such as the defective that exists of product such as crackle, shrinkage cavity, slag inclusion exist more serious, cause the product manufacturing cycle long, hold at high price.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of manufacture method that is applicable to the super critical high quality steel of fired power generating unit, technique is simple, can save manufacturing cost, and produced super critical high quality steel flawless, metallographic structure is even, grain fineness number is little, good combination property can guarantee the postcritical service requirements of product.
For solving above-mentioned existing technical problem, the present invention adopts following scheme: a kind of manufacture method that is applicable to the super critical high quality steel of fired power generating unit is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: melting: adopt the thick refining of intermediate frequency furnace and argon oxygen to blow altogether the carbon rejection processes refining smelting molten steel that combines, the usage quantity of restriction reductor silicon calcium powder is strictly controlled Si and Al content in the steel, Si:0.18-0.4% in the smelting process, Al≤0.03% avoids producing the high temperature ferrite; Reduce P, S impurity element and H, O elemental gas content, P≤0.025%, S≤0.025% alleviates segregation and avoids pore and oxide inclusion; Use the iron alloy of N and Nb to carry out the alloying operation, guarantee that N and Nb content reach composition requirement, N:0.02-0.06%, Nb:0.05-0.09%;
Step 2: thermal treatment: after low temperature below 90 ℃ is unpacked, be warmed up to 770 ± 15 ℃ with heat-up rate≤110 ℃/h and carry out stress relief annealing and process, finish that gas cutting, carbon dig, soldering; Adopt the burning hot treatment process of normalizing add-back, be warmed up to 1060 ± 15 ℃ of normalizing temperatures with heat-up rate≤110 ℃/h, soaking time is 2.5-3.5 hour during wall thickness<40mm, during wall thickness 40-80mm soaking time 3.5-5.5 hour, Quick air is chilled to 90 ℃, be warmed up to 770 ± 15 ℃ of tempering temperatures with heat-up rate≤110 ℃/h again, soaking time is 2.5-3.5 hour during wall thickness<40mm, during wall thickness 40-80mm soaking time 3.5-5.5 hour, stove is chilled to 200 ℃, be incubated 1.2 hours, 200 ℃ of air coolings of coming out of the stove are finished.
As preferably, all alloys will be processed through dehydrogenation when intermediate frequency furnace slightly refined in the described step 1,670 ± 10 ℃ of insulation 4h.
As preferably, before reinforced, add the slag making of 1.5-2% lime at furnace bottom when intermediate frequency furnace slightly refines in the described step 1, lower S/P content.
As preferably, the outer equal baking more than 230 ℃ of slag making materials of deslagging agent when intermediate frequency furnace slightly refines in the described step 1.
As preferably, add a small amount of ferrosilicon at furnace bottom in advance when intermediate frequency furnace slightly refines in the described step 1, prevent alloy oxidation.
As preferably, tapping temperature was 1670 ± 10 ℃ when intermediate frequency furnace slightly refined in the described step 1, and subcontracting middle liquid steel temperature in guaranteeing is 1660 ± 10 ℃.
As preferably, calculate the add-on of required ferro-niobium when argon oxygen blows the carbon rejection processes refining altogether in the described step 1 before the tapping according to the spectral test result, at utmost reduce the oxidation of ferro-niobium, improve the utilization ratio of ferro-niobium.
As preferably, switch N in the reduction later stage by the short period of time when argon oxygen blows the carbon rejection processes refining altogether in the described step 1
2Stirring is to reach the required N content of alloy.Thereby avoided adding the more expensive nitrided ferro-chromium of price, reduced cost.
Beneficial effect:
The present invention adopts technique scheme that a kind of manufacture method that is applicable to the super critical high quality steel of fired power generating unit is provided, can crystal grain thinning, eliminate high temperature δ-ferrite fully, obtain having the overcritical high quality steel of the tempered martensite of obvious lath feature, technique is simple, simplify operating process, Cost reduction spending, reduced the defective of product, improved quality product.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the metallographic structure figure of the super critical high quality steel that adopts the present invention and obtain;
The super critical high quality steel normal temperature stretching tensile strength properties graphic representation of Fig. 2 for adopting the present invention to obtain;
The super critical high quality steel normal temperature tensile yield strength performance chart of Fig. 3 for adopting the present invention to obtain;
The super critical high quality steel 600 ℃ drawing by high temperature tensile strength properties graphic representation of Fig. 4 for adopting the present invention to obtain;
The super critical high quality steel 600 ℃ drawing by high temperature yield strength performance chart of Fig. 5 for adopting the present invention to obtain.
Embodiment
A kind of manufacture method that is applicable to the super critical high quality steel of fired power generating unit may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: melting: adopt intermediate frequency furnace (Intermediate Frequency Furnace, be called for short the IFF method) slightly refine with argon oxygen and blow altogether carbon rejection processes (Argon and Oxygen Degassing, be called for short the AOD method) the refining smelting molten steel that combines, the usage quantity of restriction reductor silicon calcium powder in the smelting process, Si and Al content in the strict control steel, Si:0.18-0.4%, Al≤0.03% avoids producing the high temperature ferrite; Reduce P, S impurity element and H, O elemental gas content, P≤0.025%, S≤0.025% alleviates segregation and avoids pore and oxide inclusion; Use the iron alloy of N and Nb to carry out the alloying operation, guarantee that N and Nb content reach composition requirement, N:0.02-0.06%, Nb:0.05-0.09%;
Step 2: thermal treatment: after low temperature below 90 ℃ is unpacked, be warmed up to 770 ± 15 ℃ with heat-up rate≤110 ℃/h and carry out stress relief annealing and process, finish that gas cutting, carbon dig, soldering; Adopt the burning hot treatment process of normalizing add-back, be warmed up to 1060 ± 15 ℃ of normalizing temperatures with heat-up rate≤110 ℃/h, soaking time is 2.5-3.5 hour during wall thickness<40mm, during wall thickness 40-80mm soaking time 3.5-5.5 hour, Quick air is chilled to 90 ℃, be warmed up to 770 ± 15 ℃ of tempering temperatures with heat-up rate≤110 ℃/h again, soaking time is 2.5-3.5 hour during wall thickness<40mm, during wall thickness 40-80mm soaking time 3.5-5.5 hour, stove is chilled to 200 ℃, be incubated 1.2 hours, 200 ℃ of air coolings of coming out of the stove are finished.
All alloys will be processed through dehydrogenation when intermediate frequency furnace slightly refined in the described step 1,670 ± 10 ℃ of insulation 4h.
Before reinforced, add the slag making of 1.5-2% lime at furnace bottom when intermediate frequency furnace slightly refines in the described step 1, lower S/P content.
The outer equal baking more than 230 ℃ of slag making materials of deslagging agent when intermediate frequency furnace slightly refines in the described step 1.
Add a small amount of ferrosilicon at furnace bottom in advance when intermediate frequency furnace slightly refines in the described step 1, prevent alloy oxidation.
Tapping temperature was 1670 ± 10 ℃ when intermediate frequency furnace slightly refined in the described step 1, and subcontracting middle liquid steel temperature in guaranteeing is 1660 ± 10 ℃.
Calculate the add-on of required ferro-niobium when argon oxygen blows the carbon rejection processes refining altogether in the described step 1 before the tapping according to the spectral test result, at utmost reduce the oxidation of ferro-niobium, improve the utilization ratio of ferro-niobium.
Switch N in the reduction later stage by the short period of time when argon oxygen blows the carbon rejection processes refining altogether in the described step 1
2Stirring is to reach the required N content of alloy.
As shown in Figure 1, adopt super critical high quality steel flawless that the present invention obtains, metallographic structure is even, grain fineness number is little, good combination property can guarantee the postcritical service requirements of product, also is applicable to other supercritical environment fields and uses.To shown in Figure 5, obtain mechanical property test result such as table one such as Fig. 2:
Table one:
Claims (7)
1. manufacture method that is applicable to the super critical high quality steel of fired power generating unit is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: melting: adopt the thick refining of intermediate frequency furnace and argon oxygen to blow altogether the carbon rejection processes refining smelting molten steel that combines, the usage quantity of restriction reductor silicon calcium powder is strictly controlled Si and Al content in the steel, Si:0.18-0.4% in the smelting process, Al≤0.03% avoids producing the high temperature ferrite; Reduce P, S impurity element and H, O elemental gas content, P≤0.025%, S≤0.025% alleviates segregation and avoids pore and oxide inclusion; Use the iron alloy of N and Nb to carry out the alloying operation, guarantee that N and Nb content reach composition requirement, N:0.02-0.06%, Nb:0.05-0.09%;
Step 2: thermal treatment: after low temperature below 90 ℃ is unpacked, be warmed up to 770 ± 15 ℃ with heat-up rate≤110 ℃/h and carry out stress relief annealing and process, finish that gas cutting, carbon dig, soldering; Adopt the burning hot treatment process of normalizing add-back, be warmed up to 1060 ± 15 ℃ of normalizing temperatures with heat-up rate≤110 ℃/h, soaking time is 2.5-3.5 hour during wall thickness<40mm, during wall thickness 40-80mm soaking time 3.5-5.5 hour, Quick air is chilled to 90 ℃, be warmed up to 770 ± 15 ℃ of tempering temperatures with heat-up rate≤110 ℃/h again, soaking time is 2.5-3.5 hour during wall thickness<40mm, during wall thickness 40-80mm soaking time 3.5-5.5 hour, stove is chilled to 200 ℃, be incubated 1.2 hours, 200 ℃ of air coolings of coming out of the stove are finished;
All alloys will be processed through dehydrogenation when intermediate frequency furnace slightly refined in the described step 1,670 ± 10 ℃ of insulation 4h.
2. a kind of manufacture method that is applicable to the super critical high quality steel of fired power generating unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: add the slag making of 1.5-2% lime at furnace bottom when intermediate frequency furnace slightly refines in the described step 1 before reinforced, lower S/P content.
3. a kind of manufacture method that is applicable to the super critical high quality steel of fired power generating unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the equal baking more than 230 ℃ of the slag making materials when intermediate frequency furnace slightly refines in the described step 1 except deslagging agent.
4. a kind of manufacture method that is applicable to the super critical high quality steel of fired power generating unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: add a small amount of ferrosilicon at furnace bottom in advance when intermediate frequency furnace slightly refines in the described step 1, prevent alloy oxidation.
5. a kind of manufacture method that is applicable to the super critical high quality steel of fired power generating unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: tapping temperature was 1670 ± 10 ℃ when intermediate frequency furnace slightly refined in the described step 1, and subcontracting middle liquid steel temperature in guaranteeing is 1660 ± 10 ℃.
6. a kind of manufacture method that is applicable to the super critical high quality steel of fired power generating unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the add-on of calculating required ferro-niobium when argon oxygen blows the carbon rejection processes refining altogether in the described step 1 before the tapping according to the spectral test result, at utmost reduce the oxidation of ferro-niobium, improve the utilization ratio of ferro-niobium.
7. a kind of manufacture method that is applicable to the super critical high quality steel of fired power generating unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: switch N in the reduction later stage by the short period of time when argon oxygen blows the carbon rejection processes refining altogether in the described step 1
2Stirring is to reach the required N content of alloy.
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CN108998638B (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-10-08 | 天津重型装备工程研究有限公司 | A kind of heat treatment method of 620 DEG C or more supercritical turbine casting |
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CN101003084A (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2007-07-25 | 辽宁福鞍铸业集团有限公司 | Production of large and super-critical steel-casting by using alkali phenolic aldehyde resin art |
CN101368249A (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2009-02-18 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Steel for boiler and method of producing the same |
CN101862924A (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2010-10-20 | 郑州机械研究所 | Gas shield welding wire material for supercritical steel |
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CN101003084A (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2007-07-25 | 辽宁福鞍铸业集团有限公司 | Production of large and super-critical steel-casting by using alkali phenolic aldehyde resin art |
CN101368249A (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2009-02-18 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Steel for boiler and method of producing the same |
CN101862924A (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2010-10-20 | 郑州机械研究所 | Gas shield welding wire material for supercritical steel |
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Address after: 322118 Hengdian Electronic Industry Park, Jinhua, Zhejiang, Dongyang Patentee after: ZHEJIANG INNUOVO MACHINERY CO.,LTD. Address before: 322118 Hengdian Electronic Industry Park, Jinhua, Zhejiang, Dongyang Patentee before: SUFA HENGDIAN MACHINERY Co.,Ltd. CNNC |
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