CN102381796A - Solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated device for seawater desalination - Google Patents
Solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated device for seawater desalination Download PDFInfo
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- CN102381796A CN102381796A CN201110285911XA CN201110285911A CN102381796A CN 102381796 A CN102381796 A CN 102381796A CN 201110285911X A CN201110285911X A CN 201110285911XA CN 201110285911 A CN201110285911 A CN 201110285911A CN 102381796 A CN102381796 A CN 102381796A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated device for seawater desalination. A photovoltaic panel is connected with a seawater delivery pump, a heat transfer oil delivery pump, a vacuum pump and a control system to supply power, and the control system is used for controlling switches of the pumps. A low-temperature heat transfer oil tank, the heat transfer oil delivery pump, a flat plate heat collector, a paraboloidal condenser, a high-temperature heat transfer oil tank, a high-temperature seawater evaporation chamber and a hot oil pipe of a high-temperature seawater preheating tank form a heat transfer oil circulation system. A low-temperature seawater preheating tank is connected to the high-temperature seawater evaporation chamber through the seawater delivery pump, a medium-temperature seawater preheating tank and the high-temperature seawater preheating tank. The bottom of the high-temperature seawater evaporation chamber is connected to a concentrated seawater pipe, and the side wall of the high-temperature seawater evaporation chamber is connected with a steam pipe. The concentrated seawater pipe passes around the low-temperature seawater preheating tank to extend out, the stem pipe passes around the medium-temperature seawater preheating tank to be connected to a condensate pipe and then passes around the low-temperature seawater preheating tank to be connected to a fresh water collector, and the vacuum pump is mounted on the fresh water collector. Solar energy is used for providing electric energy and heat of heat transfer oil to realize a self-sufficient operation mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sea water desaltination desalting equipment, particularly a kind of photovoltaic and photothermal solar sea water desaltination integrated device belongs to technical field of solar utilization technique.
Background technology
The method of sea water desaltination mainly is divided into hot method, embrane method and chemical process three major types.Wherein, hot method desalination technology mainly contains distillation method and crystallization process, and distillation method is claimed method of evaporation again, is the desalination techniques that adopts the earliest.The tradition solar still; Solar still with monocline face of passive condensing surface, two condensing chamber solar stills, vertical solar still; Reverse absorption solar energy distiller, methods such as multistage core pattern solar still, MSF, multi-effect distilling and pressure steam distillation.Crystallization process comprises cold method and hydrate.The desalination technology of embrane method has mainly comprised r-o-and electrodialysis; Chemical process mainly contains ion exchange method.The main method of sea water desaltination at present all will consume a large amount of fuel or electric energy, because cost is higher, uses and receives certain restriction.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of photovoltaic and photothermal solar sea water desaltination integrated device, utilize sun power that the heat of electric energy and thermal oil is provided, realized self-centered operation scheme.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, solution of the present invention is:
A kind of photovoltaic and photothermal solar sea water desaltination integrated device comprises photovoltaic battery panel, flat plate collector, paraboloid condenser, high temperature heat conductive oil case, low temperature seawater preheated tank, middle temperature seawater preheating case, high temperature seawater preheated tank, high temperature seawater evaporator room, low temperature heat conduction fuel tank, fresh water collecting apparatus by means, seawater transferpump, thermal oil transferpump, vacuum pump and system; Photovoltaic battery panel is connected power supply with seawater transferpump, thermal oil transferpump, vacuum pump and system, and controls the switch of seawater transferpump, thermal oil transferpump and vacuum pump by system; The outlet of low temperature heat conduction fuel tank connects transition pipeline through the thermal oil transferpump; Transition pipeline is through flat plate collector and paraboloid condenser; Be connected to the inlet of high temperature heat conductive oil case, the outlet of high temperature heat conductive oil case is connected to the deep fat tube inlet in the high temperature seawater evaporator room, and the deep fat pipe outlet in the high temperature seawater evaporator room is connected to the deep fat tube inlet of high temperature seawater preheated tank earlier; The deep fat pipe outlet of high temperature seawater preheated tank is connected to the inlet of low temperature heat conduction fuel tank again, forms the thermal oil recycle system; The inlet of low temperature seawater preheated tank connects the seawater inlet pipe; The inlet of the outlet of low temperature seawater preheated tank warm seawater preheating case in the seawater transferpump is connected to; In the outlet of warm seawater preheating case be connected to the top of high temperature seawater preheated tank; The high temperature seawater preheated tank is stacked in the top of high temperature seawater evaporator room and coupled logical, and the bottom of high temperature seawater evaporator room connects the concentrated seawater pipe, and the stage casing of concentrated seawater pipe is coiled in the low temperature seawater preheated tank and back segment stretches out from the low temperature seawater preheated tank; The sidewall water receiving vapour pipe of high temperature seawater evaporator room; During the stage casing of steam pipe is coiled in the warm seawater preheating case and the therefrom warm seawater preheating case of back segment stretches out and be connected to condensate pipe, the stage casing of condensate pipe is coiled in the low temperature seawater preheated tank and back segment stretches out and is connected to fresh water collecting apparatus by means from the low temperature seawater preheated tank, and vacuum pump is installed on the fresh water collecting apparatus by means.
Said high temperature seawater evaporator room is provided with the multistage evaporation chamber; Evaporator room structures at different levels are identical, detachable and be tower stack, be connected up and down separately; The deep fat pipe is coiled in the evaporator rooms at different levels successively, through evaporator rooms at different levels high temperature seawater is evaporated, and obtains the steam of different temperature.
The multistage evaporation chamber of the corresponding high temperature seawater evaporator room of warm seawater preheating case is provided with the multistage preheating cavity that is connected in said; During the steam pipe stage casing of evaporator room sidewalls at different levels is coiled in the respective stages preheating cavity of warm seawater preheating case, and back segment stretches out and compiles from preheating cavities at different levels and is connected to condensate pipe.
Said system also comprises TP T1, TP T2, spring non-return valve K1, temperature compensation property speed-regulating valve K2, liquid level sensor F1 and switch S 1; TP T1 is installed on the paraboloid condenser; TP T2 is installed in the inlet of low temperature heat conduction fuel tank; Spring non-return valve K1 is installed in the inlet of high temperature heat conductive oil case; Temperature compensation property speed-regulating valve K2 is installed in the outlet of high temperature heat conductive oil case, and liquid level sensor F1 is installed in the bottom of low temperature heat conduction fuel tank, and switch S 1 is installed on the thermal oil transferpump; System opens or closes according to induced signal control spring vacuum breaker K1, temperature compensation property speed-regulating valve K2 and the switch S 1 of TP T1, TP T2 and liquid level sensor F1.
The outlet of said low temperature heat conduction fuel tank is taken over filter earlier and is connect the thermal oil transferpump again.
After adopting such scheme, advantage of the present invention is:
One, utilizes sun power that the heat of electric energy and thermal oil is provided, realized self-centered operation scheme, be adapted at fresh water hard transportation, electric power shortages such as isolated island, sun-drenched local the use.
Two, seawater is carried out sufficient preheating, make the preceding temperature of entering evaporator room can reach comparatively high temps; Contrast existing sea water distiling plant, this device is except having utilized vapor condensation latent heat, also having utilized following three kinds of heats to carry out the preheating of seawater: the concentrated seawater waste heat that (1) flows out after evaporating through the high temperature seawater evaporator room; (2) through condensed fresh water waste heat; (3) carry out the waste heat that thermal oil had after the heat exchange through high temperature seawater evaporator room and seawater.
Three, the structure design of evaporator room adopts tower stack, can make seawater and thermal oil because action of gravity flows down, and power consumption reduces; Simultaneously, each evaporator room structure is identical, can dismantle separately again, is convenient to unified the manufacturing and maintenance.
Four, the seawater temperature in the high temperature seawater evaporator room is higher, has improved velocity of evaporation.
Five, through theoretical calculation, this device to adopt hot side long-pending be 8 m
2The time, every day, water production rate was 54.2kg.Every square metre of daylighting area of this device water production rate every day is 6.8kg/m
2.d, the product fresh water amount that has every square metre of daylighting area of general solar energy sea water desalination apparatus now is at 3.5～4.0kg/m
2.d about.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an one-piece construction synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a high temperature seawater evaporator room synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a warm seawater preheating case synoptic diagram among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a low temperature seawater preheated tank synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a system part synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Label declaration
Photovoltaic battery panel 1 flat plate collector 2
Low temperature seawater preheated tank 5 seawater inlet pipes 51
In warm seawater preheating case 6 one-level preheating cavities 61
62 3 grades of preheating cavities 63 of secondary preheating cavity
Level Four preheating cavity 64 high temperature seawater evaporator rooms 7
Concentrated seawater pipe 73 steam pipes 74
One-level evaporator room dual evaporation chambers 76 75
Three grades of evaporator room 77 level Four evaporator rooms 78
Low temperature heat conduction fuel tank 8 fresh water collecting apparatus by means 9
Seawater transferpump 10 thermal oil transferpumps 11
Vacuum pump 12 transition pipeline 13
Condensate pipe 14 strainers 15
Embodiment
A kind of photovoltaic and photothermal solar sea water desaltination integrated device that the present invention discloses is as shown in Figure 1; Comprise photovoltaic battery panel 1, flat plate collector 2, paraboloid condenser 3, high temperature heat conductive oil case 4, low temperature seawater preheated tank 5, middle temperature seawater preheating case 6, high temperature seawater evaporator room 7, low temperature heat conduction fuel tank 8, fresh water collecting apparatus by means 9, seawater transferpump 10, thermal oil transferpump 11, vacuum pump 12 and system (do not illustrate fully among the figure, so not label).
The outlet of low temperature heat conduction fuel tank 8 connects transition pipeline 13 through thermal oil transferpump 11; Transition pipeline 13 is through flat plate collector 2 and paraboloid condenser 3; Be connected to the inlet of high temperature heat conductive oil case 4 again; The outlet of high temperature heat conductive oil case 4 is connected to deep fat pipe 71 inlets in the high temperature seawater evaporator room 7; Deep fat pipe 71 outlets in the high temperature seawater evaporator room 7 are connected to deep fat pipe 71 inlets of high temperature seawater preheated tank 72 earlier, and the deep fat pipe outlet of high temperature seawater preheated tank 72 is connected to the inlet of low temperature heat conduction fuel tank 8 again, forms the thermal oil recycle system.In order to guarantee duct cleaning, avoid polluting that the outlet of low temperature heat conduction fuel tank 8 is taken over filter 18 earlier and connect thermal oil transferpump 11 again.
The inlet of low temperature seawater preheated tank 5 connects seawater inlet pipe 51; The inlet of the outlet of low temperature seawater preheated tank 5 warm seawater preheating case 6 in seawater transferpump 10 is connected to; In the outlet of warm seawater preheating case 6 be connected to the top of high temperature seawater preheated tank 72; High temperature seawater preheated tank 71 is stacked in the top and coupled the leading to of high temperature seawater evaporator room 7; The bottom of high temperature seawater evaporator room 7 connects concentrated seawater pipe 73, and the stage casing of concentrated seawater pipe 73 is coiled in the low temperature seawater preheated tank 5 (cooperation Fig. 4) and back segment stretches out from low temperature seawater preheated tank 5.
The sidewall water receiving vapour pipe 74 of high temperature seawater evaporator room 7; During the stage casing of steam pipe 74 is coiled in the warm seawater preheating case 6 and the therefrom warm seawater preheating case 6 of back segment stretches out and be connected to condensate pipe 14; The stage casing of condensate pipe 14 is coiled in the low temperature seawater preheated tank 5 (cooperation Fig. 4) and back segment and stretches out and be connected to fresh water collecting apparatus by means 9 from low temperature seawater preheated tank 5, and vacuum pump 12 is installed on the fresh water collecting apparatus by means 9.
Further; Cooperate shown in Figure 2; The present invention is divided into the level Four evaporator room with high temperature seawater evaporator room 7: one-level evaporator room 75, dual evaporation chamber 76, three grades of evaporator rooms 77, level Four evaporator room 78; Evaporator room structures at different levels are identical, detachable separately, and be tower stack from top to bottom, be connected up and down.High temperature seawater preheated tank 71 is stacked on the one-level evaporator room 75 and is connected up and down.Deep fat pipe 71 is coiled in one-level evaporator room 75, dual evaporation chamber 76, three grades of evaporator rooms 77, the level Four evaporator room 78 successively, through evaporator rooms at different levels high temperature seawater is evaporated, and obtains the steam of different temperature.Seawater and thermal oil heat exchange evaporation are because action of gravity flows down, and power consumption reduces, and simultaneously, evaporator room structures at different levels are identical, can dismantle separately again, are convenient to unified the manufacturing and maintenance.
Cooperate shown in Figure 3; The present invention is provided with the multistage preheating cavity that is connected with middle temperature seawater preheating case 6: one-level preheating cavity 61, secondary preheating cavity 62, three grades of preheating cavities 63, level Four preheating cavity 64; Corresponding with the level Four evaporator room of high temperature seawater evaporator room 7 78, three grades of evaporator rooms 77, dual evaporation chamber 76, one-level evaporator room 75 respectively; Steam pipe 74 stage casings of level Four evaporator room 78 sidewalls are coiled in one-level preheating cavity 61 and back segment stretches out from one-level preheating cavity 61; Steam pipe 74 stage casings of three grades of evaporator room 77 sidewalls are coiled in secondary preheating cavity 62 and back segment stretches out from secondary preheating cavity 62; Steam pipe 74 stage casings of dual evaporation chamber 76 sidewalls are coiled in three grades of preheating cavities 63 and back segment stretches out from three grades of preheating cavities 63; Steam pipe 74 stage casings of one-level evaporator room 75 sidewalls are coiled in level Four preheating cavity 64 and back segment stretches out from level Four preheating cavity 64, and all steam pipes 74 compile and are connected to condensate pipe 14.
Photovoltaic battery panel 1 is connected power supply with seawater transferpump 10, thermal oil transferpump 11, vacuum pump 12 and system, and controls the switch of seawater transferpump 10, thermal oil transferpump 11 and vacuum pump 12 by system.Further; Cooperate shown in Figure 5; System of the present invention also comprises TP T1, TP T2, spring non-return valve K1, temperature compensation property speed-regulating valve K2, liquid level sensor F1 and switch S 1, and TP T1 is installed on the paraboloid condenser 3, and TP T2 is installed in the inlet of low temperature heat conduction fuel tank 8; Spring non-return valve K1 is installed in the inlet of high temperature heat conductive oil case 4; Temperature compensation property speed-regulating valve K2 is installed in the outlet of high temperature heat conductive oil case 4, and liquid level sensor F1 is installed in the bottom of low temperature heat conduction fuel tank 8, and switch S 1 is installed on the thermal oil transferpump 11.System opens or closes according to induced signal control spring vacuum breaker K1, temperature compensation property speed-regulating valve K2 and the switch S 1 of TP T1, TP T2 and liquid level sensor F1.< 120 ℃ the time, system trip switch S1 breaks off, and thermal oil transferpump 11 is not worked, and spring non-return valve K1 does not have pressure, is in closure state, and thermal oil continues to stay heating in the transition pipeline 13 as TP T1; As TP T1 >=120 ℃ the time, system trip switch S1 is closed, 11 work of thermal oil transferpump, and spring non-return valve K1 is because the pressure effect is unlocked, and thermal oil flows to high temperature heat conductive oil case 4 and stores; When TP T2 86 ℃ the time, the compensatory speed-regulating valve K2 of system attemperation increases the velocity of flow of thermal oil, and guarantee the high temperature seawater evaporator room 7 every grade set the temperature that needs and the minimum temperature (about 86 ℃) of thermal oil; As TP T2>90 ℃ times, then the compensatory speed-regulating valve K2 of system attemperation makes the thermal oil flow velocity slack-off, makes thermal oil and seawater carry out heat exchange fully; When the liquid level of liquid level sensor F1 demonstration reached certain bottom line (being W1=1), system trip switch S1 broke off, and thermal oil transferpump 11 quits work, and no longer the low temperature thermal oil was evacuated to flat plate collector 2 heating.
The present invention mainly contains the three main clues road:
(1) thermal oil recycle circuit: the low temperature thermal oil in the low temperature heat conduction fuel tank 8 is at first after strainer 18 filters; Be sent to through thermal oil transferpump 11 again and be heated in the flat plate collector 2 about 95 ℃, flow to parabolic collector 3 then and continue to be heated to about 120 ℃.The high temperature heat conductive oil of gained is because the potential energy effect; Flow through the from top to bottom again level Four evaporator room of high temperature seawater evaporator room 7 carries out heat exchange with seawater, makes seawater produce steam; And about 113 ℃ of the thermal oil temperature of coming out from one-level evaporator room 75 flows to dual evaporation chamber 76; About 106 ℃ of the thermal oil temperature of coming out from dual evaporation chamber 76 flows to three grades of evaporator rooms 77; About 99 ℃ of the thermal oil temperature of coming out from three grades of evaporator rooms 77 flows to level Four evaporator room 78; About 92 ℃ of the thermal oil temperature of coming out from level Four evaporator room 78; And then flow to the least significant end preheating that high temperature seawater preheated tank 71 carries out seawater; Entering high temperature seawater evaporator room 7 preceding seawater are reached about 85 ℃, and last, the thermal oil temperature that flows out from high temperature seawater preheated tank 71 is about 86 ℃; 86 ℃ of left and right sides low temperature thermal oils are stored low temperature heat conduction fuel tank 8, circulate with this.
In the thermal oil circulation, be provided with TP T1, T2, liquid level sensor F1 and spring non-return valve K1, temperature compensating type speed-regulating valve K2, in order to the operation of control thermal oil transferpump 11 and the flow velocity of thermal oil, the temperature required balance of assurance system.This device applies to evaporate module and seawater preheating module with the thermal oil under the different temperature condition, and the heat energy of thermal oil is fully used.
(2) marine stream circuit: condensation latent heat, thermal oil that this device has made full use of water vapour pass through back 78 the effusive about 53 ℃ concentrated seawaters of about 92 ℃ comparatively high temps, level Four evaporator room that possessed of high temperature seawater evaporator room 7 quadruple effects evaporation and carry out the preheating of seawater through about 65 ℃ temperature that condensed fresh water had.Pre-heat effect is good, and the seawater that makes least significant end be used for evaporating reaches about 85 ℃.
When flood tide, flood tide for the seawater utilization about 20 ℃, and flowing to (concentrated seawater+fresh water) heat exchanger after filtering through strainer 15 is that low temperature seawater preheated tank 5 carries out elementary preheating.At first, about 53 ℃ concentrated seawater that level Four evaporator room 78 ejects and about 65 ℃ fresh water and the noncondensable gas mixture behind the vapor condensation are arranged, seawater is carried out elementary preheating, make 20 ℃ of seawater be preheating to about 35 ℃.Then; After the preheating about 35 ℃ seawater by seawater transfer lime 16 in seawater transferpump 10 is pumped in the warm seawater preheating case 6 (quadruple effect water of condensation heat exchanger); Simultaneously, the steam that in high temperature seawater evaporator room 7 (quadruple effect evaporator room), is produced carries out condensation because vacuum tightness is poor in the warm seawater preheating case 6 in also being pumped to (quadruple effect water of condensation heat exchanger); Utilize vapor condensation latent heat to carry out preheating; 35 ℃ of seawater from left to right pass through one-level preheating cavity 61, secondary preheating cavity 62, three grades of preheating cavities 63, level Four preheating cavity 64, through after every grade of preheating seawater temperature be about respectively: 40 ℃, 50 ℃; 60 ℃; 70 ℃, the hot water about 70 ℃ again through in warm seawater pipe 17 flow to high temperature seawater preheated tank 71 (thermal oil terminal heat exchanger) and carry out last preheating, the temperature that seawater is got into before the high temperature seawater evaporator room 7 reach about 85 ℃.At last, 85 ℃ of seawater accomplishing preheating level Four evaporator room of high temperature seawater evaporator room 7 of flowing through from top to bottom evaporates generation steam.About 77 ℃ of seawater after the one-level evaporation is as the seawater source of dual evaporation; About 69 ℃ of seawater after the dual evaporation is as the seawater source of three grades of evaporations; About 61 ℃ of seawater after three grades of evaporations is as the seawater source of level Four evaporation; About 53 ℃ of concentrated seawater after the level Four evaporation, temperature is higher, so the low temperature seawater preheated tank 5 of flowing through carries out seawater preheating, handles the back through concentrated seawater at last and discharges, and accomplishes evaporation.
(3) vapor condensation becomes the fresh water circuit: the steam that is produced by the level Four evaporator room carries out the water of condensation heat exchange through the level Four preheating cavity respectively; Utilize vaporization heat to carry out seawater preheating; The quadruple effect evaporator room is followed successively by one-level evaporator room 75, dual evaporation chamber 76, three grades of evaporator rooms 77, level Four evaporator room 78 from top to bottom, and the quadruple effect preheating cavity from left to right is followed successively by one-level preheating cavity 61, secondary preheating cavity 62, three grades of preheating cavities 63, level Four preheating cavity 64.100 ℃ of left and right sides vapour streams that one-level evaporator room 75 produces are through level Four preheating cavity 64; 92 ℃ of left and right sides vapour streams that dual evaporation chamber 76 produces are through three grades of preheating cavities 63; 84 ℃ of left and right sides vapour streams of three grades of evaporator room 77 generations are through secondary preheating cavity 62, and 76 ℃ of left and right sides vapour streams that level Four evaporator room 78 produces are through one-level preheating cavity 61.Simultaneously, vapor condensation becomes fresh water and some noncondensable gases.Gained fresh water and noncondensable gas mixture pass through combiner valve; Pool together and flow into condensate pipe 14; Be about 65 ℃, flow into the elementary preheating that low temperature seawater preheated tank 5 carries out seawater again, flow into fresh water collecting apparatus by means 9 then; Vacuumize through tidal energy and to extract noncondensable gas, for evaporator room certain vacuum tightness is provided simultaneously.In addition, because vapor condensation, smaller volume also for system provides certain vacuum tightness, has guaranteed respectively to imitate the velocity of evaporation of evaporator room.
In this condenser system, be mounted with vacuum meter 12, liquid level sensor F1 and electromagnetism vacuum breaker, with the vacuum tightness of assurance evaporator room and the steady running of system.
In addition, the power source of the pump of this device, sensory feedback control and valve control etc. all provides enough electric energy by photovoltaic battery panel 1 generating, does not need externally fed.
The present invention is based on existing desalination with Solar Energy and designs completion.According to the characteristics of sun power, and, a kind of novel photovoltaic and photothermal solar sea water desaltination integrated device has been proposed based on the multi-effect distilling technology.The principal feature of this Distallation systm is: utilize sun power for device required electric power and thermal source to be provided, the power source of the pump of this device, sensory feedback control and valve control etc. all provides enough electric energy by the solar panel generating, does not need externally fed; This device has utilized solar energy optical-thermal to evaporate seawater; And make full use of waste heat and come the preheating seawater; Except having utilized vapor condensation latent heat, also make full use of following three kinds of heats and carry out the preheating of seawater: the concentrated seawater waste heat that also has certain temperature that (1) flows out after evaporating through the quadruple effect evaporator room; (2) through condensed fresh water waste heat; (3) carry out the thermal oil waste heat after the heat exchange through quadruple effect evaporator room and seawater.Make the preceding seawater temperature of entering evaporator room reach comparatively high temps.The evaporator room structure design of this device adopts tower stack in addition, can make seawater and thermal oil because action of gravity flows down, and power consumption reduces.Simultaneously, each evaporator room structure is identical, can dismantle separately again, is convenient to unified the manufacturing and maintenance.Therefore, the running cost of sea water desaltination reduces greatly.
But utilize photovoltaic and photo-thermal to carry out not only save energy but also can satisfy environmental requirement of sea water desaltination.The present invention utilizes sun power that the heat of electric energy and thermal oil is provided; Realized self-centered operation scheme; Be suitable for use in fresh water hard transportation such as island, isolated island, electric power shortage, sun-drenched place; For garrisoning for a long time these local national defence officers and men, the people that live in this ground provide the Freshwater resources guarantee.
Claims (5)
1. a photovoltaic and photothermal solar sea water desaltination integrated device is characterized in that: comprise photovoltaic battery panel, flat plate collector, paraboloid condenser, high temperature heat conductive oil case, low temperature seawater preheated tank, middle temperature seawater preheating case, high temperature seawater preheated tank, high temperature seawater evaporator room, low temperature heat conduction fuel tank, fresh water collecting apparatus by means, seawater transferpump, thermal oil transferpump, vacuum pump and system; Photovoltaic battery panel is connected power supply with seawater transferpump, thermal oil transferpump, vacuum pump and system, and controls the switch of seawater transferpump, thermal oil transferpump and vacuum pump by system; The outlet of low temperature heat conduction fuel tank connects transition pipeline through the thermal oil transferpump; Transition pipeline is through flat plate collector and paraboloid condenser; Be connected to the inlet of high temperature heat conductive oil case, the outlet of high temperature heat conductive oil case is connected to the deep fat tube inlet in the high temperature seawater evaporator room, and the deep fat pipe outlet in the high temperature seawater evaporator room is connected to the deep fat tube inlet of high temperature seawater preheated tank earlier; The deep fat pipe outlet of high temperature seawater preheated tank is connected to the inlet of low temperature heat conduction fuel tank again, forms the thermal oil recycle system; The inlet of low temperature seawater preheated tank connects the seawater inlet pipe; The inlet of the outlet of low temperature seawater preheated tank warm seawater preheating case in the seawater transferpump is connected to; In the outlet of warm seawater preheating case be connected to the top of high temperature seawater preheated tank; The high temperature seawater preheated tank is stacked in the top of high temperature seawater evaporator room and coupled logical, and the bottom of high temperature seawater evaporator room connects the concentrated seawater pipe, and the stage casing of concentrated seawater pipe is coiled in the low temperature seawater preheated tank and back segment stretches out from the low temperature seawater preheated tank; The sidewall water receiving vapour pipe of high temperature seawater evaporator room; During the stage casing of steam pipe is coiled in the warm seawater preheating case and the therefrom warm seawater preheating case of back segment stretches out and be connected to condensate pipe, the stage casing of condensate pipe is coiled in the low temperature seawater preheated tank and back segment stretches out and is connected to fresh water collecting apparatus by means from the low temperature seawater preheated tank, and vacuum pump is installed on the fresh water collecting apparatus by means.
2. a kind of photovoltaic and photothermal solar sea water desaltination integrated device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the high temperature seawater evaporator room is provided with the multistage evaporation chamber; Evaporator room structures at different levels are identical, detachable and be tower stack, be connected up and down separately, the deep fat pipe is coiled in the evaporator rooms at different levels successively.
3. a kind of photovoltaic and photothermal solar sea water desaltination integrated device according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: the multistage evaporation chamber of the corresponding high temperature seawater evaporator room of middle temperature seawater preheating case is provided with the multistage preheating cavity that is connected; During the steam pipe stage casing of evaporator room sidewalls at different levels is coiled in the respective stages preheating cavity of warm seawater preheating case, and back segment stretches out and compiles from preheating cavities at different levels and is connected to condensate pipe.
4. a kind of photovoltaic and photothermal solar sea water desaltination integrated device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: system also comprises TP T1, TP T2, spring non-return valve K1, temperature compensation property speed-regulating valve K2, liquid level sensor F1 and switch S 1; TP T1 is installed on the paraboloid condenser; TP T2 is installed in the inlet of low temperature heat conduction fuel tank, and spring non-return valve K1 is installed in the inlet of high temperature heat conductive oil case, and temperature compensation property speed-regulating valve K2 is installed in the outlet of high temperature heat conductive oil case; Liquid level sensor F1 is installed in the bottom of low temperature heat conduction fuel tank, and switch S 1 is installed on the thermal oil transferpump; System opens or closes according to induced signal control spring vacuum breaker K1, temperature compensation property speed-regulating valve K2 and the switch S 1 of TP T1, TP T2 and liquid level sensor F1.
5. a kind of photovoltaic and photothermal solar sea water desaltination integrated device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the outlet of low temperature heat conduction fuel tank is taken over filter earlier and is connect the thermal oil transferpump again.
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