CN102372371A - 太阳和风力电源海水净化设备 - Google Patents
太阳和风力电源海水净化设备 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明是一种利用太阳光或者风力产生电力,为海水净化设备提供动力,将海水净化成高纯净水的设备。设备的构造:由太阳方阵、风力发电、储电、控制装置、渗水管、提水泵、粗滤器、高压泵、RO膜过滤器、高纯度过滤器、零排放装置构成。这种设备优点是:1、不用地球任何电源。2、水中没有任何化学污染。3、零排放浓缩海水,有利于生态环境保护。4、成本低,制高纯净水的成本近为零。5、净化的海水纯度高,超过国家饮用水标准该技术设备根据用户需要可做成各种规格,小到满足个人饮水需要,大到建立日供淡水几千万吨的工程。
Description
技术领域:
本发明是一种利用太阳光和风力产生电力,为海水净化设备提供动力,将海水净化成高纯净水的设备.
背景技术:
现在全世界总人口有65亿,喝不上淡水的约40亿,占总人口的62%。我国有大中城市670多座,其中严重缺水城市为480多个,缺水城市,占总大中城市的72%。
我国海岛面积在5平方公里以上的岛屿6300多个,船只5900多万艘,海岸线18000多公里,构成我国海上长城,但是,人所需淡水,都是靠着大陆提供,对我国海防安全存在潜在威胁。
现在长江、黄河失常断流。从长远看,由于气候恶化,25年后,我国将进入世界严重缺水国家之列。水,将威胁着我国和世界人民生产、生活的安全。
其实,地球并不缺水,占地球总面积的70%是海水,利用高新技术,不化一分钱就能将海水净化成淡水,是人类生存的需要,也是可行的。
在过去相当长的时间里,不少科研、企事业单位,通过各种努力,研制出用反渗透法淡化海水。纵观看,是比较先进了。但是,这种方法一方面需要有电力支持,没有电力不能实施.二、制出来的淡水并不干净,仍有致癌物质-三氯甲烷等离子存在。
再从工艺上看,反渗透法制淡水需向海水中投入一定数量化学药品。如三氯亚铁、骨胶等用于混凝海水中的杂质,便于过滤.这本身就污染了海水,不利于环保和健康。另外,再将投入化学药品的60%浓缩海水再投放回大海,这种工艺更严重污染了海洋水质和环境。能否研究一种不受没有电源困扰、又不投放化学药品、不排放浓缩海水,就能将海水制成淡水、纯净水和高纯净水供给人类使用呢?
发明内容:
本发明的目的:就是克服上述存在的电源困扰、淡水不纯、化学污染、排放浓海水污染环境等不足。提供一种不用地球电力、制水不放任何化学物质和零排放浓缩海水,制成高纯净水的太阳和风力电源海水净化设备。
本发明的目的是这样实现的:
将海水浸漫地沙滩,适当深度埋下带孔的渗透管,在管上,从下向上分层用不同规格的砾石、粗沙、细沙掩埋。在渗水管的另一端安装竖井和提水泵。用能吸收太阳光并转换成电能的太阳电池方阵和风力发电机,发出的电用导线与蓄电池组、控制装置、提水泵、高压泵、浓缩海水零排放装置,相应电极连接。提水泵将沙滤后的海水,投放在粗滤器中,高压泵输入端水管与粗滤器连接,另一端,用管路依次与RO膜过滤器、高纯度过滤装置、浓缩海水零排放装置相连接。
海水在通过沙滤和粗滤器后,已除去掉大部杂质,仅剩下5μM以下的微细颗粒、离子。海水在高压泵的作用下,通过RO膜过滤器,去除各种离子、细菌和病毒,使水纯度达到98%,成为淡水;淡水在高压泵的余力作用下,继续通过高纯度过滤装置,成为真正甘甜可口的高纯净水.从RO膜过滤器排出的浓缩海水携带着各种盐类进入浓缩海水零排放装置,在零排放装置作用下,分离成淡水和盐,淡水进入高纯度过滤装置,进一步净化成高纯净水,盐从出盐口溢出。
高纯度过滤装置制造方法:
高纯度过滤装置的膜,是由SNR材料、溶济、制孔济、水制成的。重量配比(%):SNR材料17,溶剂***61,制孔济二氯己烷9,水13.在常温下混溶50秒,在极细的绦纶无纺布或玻璃面上,用刮膜机刮成很薄的平膜:在0℃下蒸发4分钟,使溶济挥发.再将制成的膜放在冰冷的水中,静止一小时,使溶济和制孔济从膜中析出.将凝胶膜放入温度75℃热水中,时间1小时,提高织密度.这样做出的高纯度过滤膜,织密度孔径为0.00001μM,(10PM),有产水量高,脱盐率高,成膜性能好优点.
将制成的高纯度过滤膜,亮面向外,两片相背合起,三边粘牢,另边与带孔的中空管对孔周围粘接。卷曲成卷状,置于压力容器中备用.压力容器两端设有进水口和出水管.出水管与带孔的中空管连接.
本发明的优点:
1、不用地球任何电源。
2、水中没有任何化学物质污染。
3、零排放浓缩海水,有利于生态环境保护。
4、成本低,制高纯净水的成本近为零;
5、净化的海水纯度高,完全达到、超过国家饮用水标准。
附图说明:
图1、太阳和风力电源海水净化设备构造示意图;
图2、太阳和风力电源海水净化设备工艺流程示意图
图3、太阳和风力电源海水净化设备零排放装置机构示意图
图4、太阳和风力电源海水净化设备高纯度过滤装置超净膜制作工艺流程示意图
具体实施方式:
下面结合附图进一步说明本发明太阳和风力海水净化设备实施例:
参照图2,太阳电池方阵1,风力发电机2通过导线3与蓄电装置4,控制装置5、高压泵9,零排放装置12进行连接。海水渗透到渗水管6通过提水泵7进入粗滤器8,粗滤器8的海水通过管路15进入高压泵9,在高压泵9的作用下进入RO膜过滤器10,去除各种微细离子、细菌、病毒成为淡水,淡水在高压泵9余压作用下,继续经过管路15进入高纯度过滤装置11,制出高纯净水13。
RO膜过滤器浓缩的海水混杂着各种离子和盐类通过管路15进入零排放装置12,经过蒸发、冷凝,分离出淡水和盐14,淡水通过管路15进入高纯度过滤装置11,制成高纯净水13。
参照图4,太阳和风力电源海水净化设备高纯度过滤装置的超净膜的制造工艺和流程:将SNR材料26、溶剂***27、制孔剂二氯己烷28、水29,按重量比(%)17、61、9、13在常温下混合50秒,成混溶剂30,在细密的无纺布或玻璃上用刮膜机刮成很薄的簿膜31,在0℃静置4分钟,再将制成的膜31放在冷水中浸泡一小时,使溶剂从孔中析出提高织密度为凝胶膜32,将凝胶膜32放入75℃热水中一小时,进一步提高织密度成为高纯净度膜33。这样制出的高纯净度膜33织密度孔径为0.00001μm(10Pm),有产水量高,脱盐率高,成膜性能好优点.
将制成的高纯净度膜33,亮面向外,两片相背合起,三边粘牢为口袋状34,另边与带孔的中空管35对正孔周围粘接。卷曲成卷状,置于压力容器中备用即可。
参照图3、零排放装置,从RO膜过滤器出来的浓缩海水从入口20进入,经过冷却器19,出口23进入海水蒸发器24中,因蒸发器24受热源16数百度(600℃)高温影响,迅速蒸发成气体,经过排气孔25上升到冷却室,在减压器21的作用下缓慢的向上经过冷却器19向上移动,由于温差作用,蒸气很快凝成淡水从淡水口18流出。在减压器作用下带着余热的气体经过减压器21和管路22进入蒸发器24。蒸发器将海水变成蒸气后剩下的盐,源源不断的从出盐口14溢
上述方案是用太阳和风力为电力,将海水制成高纯净水的最佳方案,制成的是淡水和高纯净水。
如果制水地区有社会上用的220V或者380V电源,也可以不用太阳和风力电源,直接用市电为动力,也可同样达到上述制水效果。不过是耗能方案,不利于节能。
Claims (3)
1.本发明是一种太阳和风力电源海水净化设备,主要有太阳电池方阵、风力发电机、蓄电池组、控制装置、渗水管、提水泵、粗滤器、高压泵、RO膜过滤器、高纯度过滤装置、浓缩海水零排放装置构成,其特征是,该设备有一个织密度孔径为0.00001μm(10pm)的膜的高纯度过滤装置。
2.根据权利要求1所述太阳和风力电源海水净化设备,其特征在于,有一个浓缩海水零排放装置。
3.根据权利要求1所述太阳风力电源海水净化设备:其特征在于,该设备前端最少有一个渗水管。
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Cited By (2)
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CN104609508A (zh) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-05-13 | 武汉大学 | 渗透管发电循环*** |
CN111517550A (zh) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-08-11 | 钟连慧 | 一种用于虾苗培育的淡化处理装置 |
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