CN102364701A - Manufacturing process of solar battery surface electrode - Google Patents
Manufacturing process of solar battery surface electrode Download PDFInfo
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- CN102364701A CN102364701A CN2011103308970A CN201110330897A CN102364701A CN 102364701 A CN102364701 A CN 102364701A CN 2011103308970 A CN2011103308970 A CN 2011103308970A CN 201110330897 A CN201110330897 A CN 201110330897A CN 102364701 A CN102364701 A CN 102364701A
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- solar cell
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- surface electrode
- solar battery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing process of a solar battery surface electrode, belonging to the manufacturing field of solar batteries. The process comprises the following steps of: covering a grapheme film on the lighting surface of a solar battery, forming an outer lead adhering material layer on a selected region of the solar battery and leading out an outer lead on the selected region. In the invention, the grapheme film with excellent electric conductivity and light transmission property is used as a transparent conductive material to prepare PN or PIN structural connection; compared with the traditional manufacturing process of a solar battery electrode, the manufacturing process provided by the invention has the advantages that parts of complex growing and process steps are omitted, the luminous flux energy entering into the battery is greatly increased, and furthermore, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar battery is effectively increased; and the manufacturing process has the characteristics of simplicity, low cost and benefit for large-scale production and is expected to be widely applied to fields of the solar battery and other photoelectric devices.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation technology of solar cell, relate in particular to a kind of preparation technology of solar cell surface electrode, belong to the solar cell photovoltaic technical field.
Background technology
French Becqueral observed photovoltaic effect for the first time in chemical cell in 1839.1876, according to the photovoltaic effect in solid-state selenium (Se) system, people developed the Se/CuO photocell; These early stage devices do not have enough efficient, can only be used for photodetection, develop the silicon solar cell of first practicality until U.S. AT&T Labs in 1954; And in 1958 will first of be applied in earlier on the spacecraft, technology is updated thereafter, battery design is progressively finalized the design; But, can only be used for the power supply of space device because it costs an arm and a leg.
Simultaneously, Along with people's recognizes that fossil energy is non-renewable, limited, and is accompanied by global environmental pollution and ecological broken ring; Countries in the world begin to strengthen the exploitation of clean energy resource, thereby have promoted the development of solar cell, and efficient improves constantly; The efficient of monocrystalline silicon battery brings up to present 24.7% from 6% of the 1950's; The efficient of polycrystalline silicon battery has reached 20.3%, and in the research work of hull cell, the amorphous silicon membrane battery efficiency has reached 13%; Cadmium telluride (CdTe) efficient has reached 16.4%, and the efficient of CIS (CIS) reaches 19.5%.Obtained significant progress especially and tie the photronic research of lamination, the transformation efficiency of GaInP/Ga under the optically focused condition (In) As/Ge multijunction photocell has broken through 40% more.
In restriction efficiency of solar cell lifting factor, daylighting face electrode design is a problem that receives much attention always.Reasonably design directly influences battery each item performance index, main influence by lighting quantity and these two contradiction aspects of series resistance.When the surface metal electrode spacing reduced, the surface metal electrode area increased, and just the area of lightproof area increases, and the total light energy that gets into battery is to have reduced, and this moment, the transverse current distance of flow was shorter, and series resistance will reduce.Otherwise when the increasing of surface metal electrode spacing, when the surface metal electrode area reduced, just the area of lightproof area reduced, and total light energy of entering battery is to increase, and transverse current will pass through the derivation of long distance entering electrode, and series resistance increases.For a long time, people all are the layouts that design gate electrode through calculation optimization, and it need take into account light-inletting quantity and series resistance, therefore never make both accomplish optimum simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of preparation technology of solar cell surface electrode; The graphene film that its utilization has good photoelectric properties substitutes traditional gate line electrode; Can realize the synchronous optimization of light-inletting quantity and series resistance, thereby overcome deficiency of the prior art.
For realizing the foregoing invention purpose, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
A kind of preparation technology of solar cell surface electrode; It is characterized in that; This technology is: on solar cell daylighting face, cover graphene film, and near the selection area of solar battery edge, form outer lead pasting material layer, then draw outer lead at this selection area.
As a kind of optional mode, said graphene film is directly to be covered on the solar cell daylighting face.
As a kind of optimal way, said graphene film is to be processed by the grapheme material that growth forms or the outside is transferred on the solar cell daylighting face.
Particularly, the transfer method of said grapheme material can be direct transfer or indirect branch.Branch mode is optional through solar cell substrate being soaked in the Graphene suspension-turbid liquid, uses to soak into the mode of sticking or adopt ultrasonic auxiliary mode to strengthen the effect that solar battery surface covers the Graphene rete, takes out the back oven dry; The method that also can select the Graphene utilization to be sticked transfer is prepared on the solar cell daylighting face.
The preparation technology of said grapheme material is: obtain graphite oxide after at first in the colloidal dispersion of strong oxidizer and strong acid formation, adding native graphite or Delanium reaction, utilize solvent thermal reducing process or thermal expansion reduction to obtain grapheme material; Said strong oxidizer can be selected potassium chlorate and potassium permanganate for use, and said strong acid can be selected the concentrated sulfuric acid, red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) and concentrated hydrochloric acid etc. for use;
Adopt ethanol as solvent in the said solvent thermal reducing process, reaction temperature is 20 ℃-900 ℃;
Said thermal expansion reducing process is under temperature is 100 ℃-1200 ℃ condition, to carry out, and wherein the Rapid Thermal operation of peeling off graphite of expanding is in 1-30min, to accomplish.
Said solar cell is constituting by one or more elements in Si, Ge, Cu, In, Ti, III family, V family, II family, the VI family.
The version of said solar cell is selected from one or more PN junction, PIN unijunction, PIN knot lamination multiterminal syndeton and binode cascade and ties the composite construction of cascade more.
Said outer lead pasting material layer is that said outer lead pasting material layer is formed by 1nm ~ 5mm thick inorganic conductive material and/or organic conductive material; Adopt physics or chemical deposition to prepare any one in the optional spontaneous evaporation of the method for said physics or chemical deposition, sputter, laser deposition, spin coating, printing, spraying, CVD, PVD, VPD, chemical hydro-thermal, chemical microemulsion, chemical solution glue gel, the chemical liquid deposition or two or more combinations.
Compared with prior art; Advantage of the present invention is at least: simplified the preparation technology of solar cell surface electrode greatly, improved the light energy that gets into battery greatly, reduced the series resistance of battery simultaneously; And then effectively increased the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cell; Have that technology is simple, cost is low, be beneficial to the characteristic of large-scale production, can be widely used in solar cell and other photoelectric device field.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with a preferred embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
It may be noted that experimental technique described in the following embodiment like no specified otherwise, is conventional method; Agents useful for same and material like no specified otherwise, all can obtain from commercial sources.
The preparation technology of this solar cell surface electrode comprises the steps:
(1) behind the print use inorganic solution and organic solution cleaning with solar cell, subsequent use;
(2) preparation of Graphene solution:
(i) concentrated sulfuric acid is mixed with the mode of 3:1 with red fuming nitric acid (RFNA), put into native graphite, stirred 15 minutes, add 10g potassium chlorate then; Reacted 12-72 hour, and added a large amount of deionized water dilutions afterwards, centrifuge 5000rpm; Centrifugal 3 minutes, obtain sediment, vacuum drying obtains graphite oxide;
(ii) graphite oxide is put in 1000 ℃ the quartz ampoule, thermal expansion 5-60s obtains peelable graphite, puts into the absolute ethyl alcohol sonicated 2 hours, obtains graphene suspension;
(3) subsequent use battery print is soaked in the Graphene suspension-turbid liquid and ultrasonic 1 minute, then 70 ℃～120 ℃ temperature oven dry;
(4) block specific zone, print surface, the plated metal pasting material on of the mode through physical deposition, preparation selection area outer lead adhesion layer near the selection area of print marginal surface;
(5) will prepare and encapsulate after outer lead is cut apart, fixes, drawn to the battery print of accomplishing.
Have diversity in process recipes of the present invention and the selection, more than only be the representational several embodiment that has much in the numerous concrete exemplary applications of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not constituted any limitation.The all employing equivalents or the simple replacement of material and the technical scheme that forms so long as adopt the membrane structure of tool anti-reflective effect of the present invention to prepare solar cell, all drops within the rights protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the preparation technology of a solar cell surface electrode; It is characterized in that; This technology is: on solar cell daylighting face, cover graphene film, and near the selection area of solar battery edge, form outer lead pasting material layer, then draw outer lead at this selection area.
2. the preparation technology of solar cell surface electrode according to claim 1; It is characterized in that, said graphene film be by be directly grown on the solar cell daylighting face or process by the grapheme material that the outside directly or indirectly is transferred on the solar cell daylighting face.
3. the preparation technology of solar cell surface electrode according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the direct transfer method of said grapheme material is:
Solar cell substrate is soaked in the Graphene suspension-turbid liquid or accompanied by ultrasonicly strengthen to adhere to, take out oven dry again.
4. the preparation technology of solar cell surface electrode according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the direct transfer method of said grapheme material is:
The method of the Graphene utilization being sticked transfer is fixed on the solar cell daylighting face.
5. according to the preparation technology of claim 2,3 or 4 described solar cell surface electrodes; It is characterized in that; The preparation technology of said grapheme material is: obtain graphite oxide after at first in the colloidal dispersion that is mainly formed by strong oxidizer and strong acid, adding native graphite or Delanium reaction, utilize solvent thermal reducing process or thermal expansion reduction to obtain Graphene thereafter;
Said strong oxidizer is selected from potassium chlorate and/or potassium permanganate at least;
Said strong acid is selected from any one in the concentrated sulfuric acid, red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) and the concentrated hydrochloric acid at least;
Adopt ethanol as solvent in the said solvent thermal reducing process, reaction temperature is 20 ℃-900 ℃;
Said thermal expansion reducing process is under temperature is 100 ℃-1200 ℃ condition, to carry out, and wherein the Rapid Thermal operation of peeling off graphite of expanding is in 1-30min, to accomplish.
6. the preparation technology of solar cell surface electrode according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said solar cell is by any one or two or more constituting in Si, Ge, Cu, In, Ti, III family, V family, II family, the VI family.
7. the preparation technology of solar cell surface electrode according to claim 1; It is characterized in that the version of said solar cell is selected from one or more PN junction, PIN unijunction, PIN knot lamination multiterminal syndeton and binode cascade and ties the composite construction of cascade more.
8. the preparation technology of solar cell surface electrode according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said outer lead pasting material layer is to adopt physics or chemical deposition inorganic conductive material and/or organic conductive material layer preparation, thick 1nm ~ 5mm, and said physics or chemical deposition are selected from any one or the two or more combinations in evaporation, sputter, laser deposition, spin coating, printing, spraying, CVD, PVD, VPD, chemical hydro-thermal, chemical microemulsion, chemical solution glue gel, the chemical liquid deposition at least.
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| CN103721972A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-16 | 天津力神电池股份有限公司 | Method for wetting polymer lithium ion batteries |
| CN104461101A (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2015-03-25 | 宸鸿科技(厦门)有限公司 | Touch panel with conductive protection layer and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104810411A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2015-07-29 | 中国科学院上海微***与信息技术研究所 | Photoconductive ultraviolet detector and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104995332A (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2015-10-21 | 加利福尼亚大学董事会 | Graphene based electrodes and applications |
| CN106449791A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-02-22 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Preparing method of graphene/gallium arsenide solar battery |
| CN110903515A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2020-03-24 | 湖北大学 | Solar steam-induced electricity-generating film conversion device and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120229 |