CN102363858A - High-strength steel for 750 to 880 MPa-level vehicles and production method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength steel for 750 to 880 MPa-level vehicles and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to high-strength steel for 750 to 880 MPa-level vehicles and a production method thereof. The high-strength steel comprises the following chemical ingredients in percentage by weight: 0.07 to 0.09 percent of C, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Si, 1.4 to 1.9 percent of Mn, 0.04 to 0.06 percent of Nb, 0 to 0.15 percent of Mo, 0 to 0.04 percent of V, 0.07 to 0.14 percent of Ti, 0.01 to 0.06 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.01 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.008 percent of N and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The production method comprises the following steps of: smelting; casting to form a casting blank; heating to the temperature of between 1,180 and 1,250 DEG C; performing final rolling at the temperature of between 820 and 850 DEG C; performing final cooling at the temperature of between 560 and 600 DEG C; and after a steel coil rolls off a production line, cooling slowly. By the production method, the strength of the material is between 750 and 880 MPa, and the steel has high low-temperature impact toughness and cold forming performance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the vehicle steel production technical field, relate to a kind of 750MPa～880MPa level vehicle with high-strength steel and working method thereof.Adopt low-cost composition design, give full play to strengthening effects such as refined crystalline strengthening, precipitation strength, produce 750MPa～880MPa level vehicle steel hot-rolled coil.
Background technology
The lightweight of automobile is exactly under the prerequisite of intensity that guarantees automobile and safety performance, reduces the kerb weight of automobile as much as possible, thereby improves the dynamic property of automobile, reduces fuel consumption, reduces exhaust pollution.Experiment showed, that fuel efficiency can improve 6%-8% if vehicle complete vehicle weight reduces by 10%, oil consumption can reduce about 7%.Make a general survey of present situations such as China's energy shortage, road overload and conveying efficiency are low, because environmental protection and energy-conservation needs, the automobile lightweight not only becomes the task of top priority of Domestic Automotive Industry development, also becomes the world car development current.In the special purpose vehicle industry, using high tensile steel plate can be so that the intensity of car load be greatly improved, and thickness of slab also is able to effective attenuate; Alleviate complete vehicle weight significantly, improve load, improve the work-ing life of vehicle; The benefit of bringing to logistics company is to improve conveying efficiency; Significantly reduce logistics cost, the energy-saving and emission-reduction obvious social benefit is compared the incomparable advantage that has with traditional general steel plate.
In order to adapt to the light-weighted requirement of automobile, some plow-steel iron materials begin to be applied in the vehicle steel field.Introduced a kind of high-strength vehicle crossbeam hot-rolled steel sheet method of manufacture in the number of patent application 200810036415.9; Be used for the automotive frame attenuate; What adopt is Nb, Ti, V microalloying; Make YIELD STRENGTH reach the 550MPa-700MPa level through controlled rolling and controlled cooling, this patent working method can not guarantee the low-temperature impact toughness of material, under low temperature condition, uses the potential safety hazard that produces vehicle.Introduced a kind of tensile strength in the number of patent application 200910012546.8 greater than hot rolling beam steel of 710MPa and preparation method thereof; Precipitating reinforcing effect through using Ti gets a promotion the intensity of material; But the Tensile strength that this invention is designed is all less than 750MPa, because the not high reduced thickness amount that causes designing crossbeam of intensity is restricted.
In refitted car with heavily block industry, use and carry out vehicle light-weight design and production with strong material at present, existing production technology has following several respects not enough:
(1) in the Materials with High Strength that is used for making crossbeam, intensity rank still has the space of raising, and tensile strength is equally applicable to make automotive frame and compartment board greater than the high-strength steel material of 750MPa.
(2) when improving strength of materials grade realization attenuate; Need consider low-temperature impact toughness, cold formability and the weldability of material simultaneously; Particularly be applied to the comparatively refitted car and the heavy vehicle such as card of cold area of northern China winter, the low-temperature impact toughness of material is the important indicator that prevents brittle rupture; Simultaneously material should have good buckling performance and welding property, crackle in the girder forming course of processing, do not occur, fracture and influence the defective of use properties.
(3) can realize the vehicle lightweight except that the high reinforcement of crossbeam; Heavily the compartment of vehicles such as card and refitted car can use strong material to replace existing traditional general carbon material to realize reduced thickness and weight reduction with steel equally, rarely has report before being used for the high-strength steel design in compartment and being applied in the present invention.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of 750MPa～880MPa level vehicle that is applicable to the vehicle lightweight requirements with high-strength steel and working method thereof.Can make refitted car or the crossbeam that heavily blocks and compartment board thickness attenuate significantly, guarantee that material has the high-intensity good low-temperature impact toughness (20 ℃ of ballistic works are greater than 47J) that has simultaneously, realize the light-weighted security that improves vehicle simultaneously of vehicle.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of 750MPa～880MPa level vehicle uses the chemical ingredients of high-strength steel to be by weight percentage: C:0.07～0.09%; Si:0.15-0.25%; Mn:1.4～1.9%; Nb:0.04～0.06%; Mo:0～0.15%; V:0～0.04%; Ti:0.07～0.14%; Al:0.01～0.06%; P :≤0.02%; S :≤0.01%; N :≤0.008%; All the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
A kind of described 750MPa～880MPa level vehicle is with the working method of high-strength steel; May further comprise the steps: converter or electrosmelting-LF refining or RH vacuum-treat-continuous casting-process furnace reheat-roughing-finish rolling-laminar flow cools off-batches rolling-burial pit slow cooling, it is characterized in that controlling following processing parameter:
(1) with strand in process furnace internal heating to 1180～1250 ℃, soaking time is controlled according to net thickness 1～1.5min/mm;
(2) adopt roughing, finish rolling two stages controlled rolling, intermediate blank thickness adopts 5 times～10 times finished product thicknesses, and the finish rolling temperature in is 950 ℃～1050 ℃, and finishing temperature is 820～850 ℃;
(3) roll the back and adopt the leading portion cooling mode to carry out the laminar flow cooling, the target coiling temperature is 560 ℃～600 ℃;
(4) the coil of strip back of rolling off the production line uses burial pit to carry out slow cooling to handle, and the coil of strip slow cooling goes out the hole during to≤150 ℃.
6 frames or 7 frame finish rolling are adopted in said finish rolling.
Main alloy element effect of the present invention and limited range are following:
Carbon: carbon is to improve the most economical effective elements of the strength of materials, but too high C content can be to worsening plasticity, toughness and the welding property of material.Use high-strength steel for producing 750MPa～880MPa level vehicle, the carbon content that the present invention adopts is 0.07%～0.09%, and main consideration guarantees that material has good plasticity and toughness and control carbon equivalent.
Silicon: silicon is the solution strengthening element, can the plasticity of material be had a negative impact but add too high silicon.It is 0.15%～0.25% that the present invention adds silicone content.
Manganese: manganese has the solution strengthening effect, can improve material hardening capacity simultaneously, is to improve one of strength of materials important element, is easy to generate segregation and can reduces toughness of material, degrade performance but the interpolation of manganese content is too high.It is 1.40%～1.90% that the present invention adds manganese content.
Sulphur and phosphorus: the too high meeting of sulphur and phosphoric has disadvantageous effect to toughness of material and plasticity.The present invention defines sulphur content and should be controlled in 0.01%, and phosphorus content should be controlled in 0.02%.
Aluminium: aluminium is deoxidant element, has certain grain refining effect simultaneously.It is 0.01%～0.06% that the present invention defines aluminium content.
Molybdenum: molybdenum can improve material hardening capacity, the controlled chilling tissue, and crystal grain thinning improves material plasticity and intensity.The present invention has added 0.10% Mo when producing 880MPa level high-strength steel, at the precipitating reinforcing effect of giving full play to Ti, V simultaneously, and the contribution that has improved build up.
Niobium: the main purpose of adding Nb is a crystal grain thinning, cooperates to adopt lower finish rolling district rolling temperature can obtain the tiny and uniform ferrite crystal grain, realizes the strength of materials and flexible matched well.The Nb content that the present invention adds is 0.04%～0.06%.
Titanium and vanadium: making full use of the precipitating reinforcing effect of Ti and V, is that the strength of materials is increased to the key more than the 750MPa.The present invention adds 0.07%～0.14% Ti and 0～0.04% V carries out microalloying; Cooperate suitable production technique; Obtain the Ti of a large amount of small and disperseds distributions, the precipitate of V, when keeping material to have good plasticity and toughness, significantly improved strength level.
Nitrogen: the plasticity and the toughness of the too high meeting of nitrogen content severe exacerbation material; Particularly for Ti micro-alloyed high strength steel; The TiN that at high temperature combines to produce large-size owing to N and Ti; Toughness to material produces ill effect on the one hand, can reduce steel grade combines to produce tiny TiC with C effective titanium content on the other hand, thereby causes intensity to reduce.Therefore, the present invention limit nitrogen content should be less than 0.008%.
The present invention has adopted a kind of low-alloy cost composition system: lower carbon, manganese content; Make full use of the precipitating reinforcing effect of Ti, V, add minor N b and Mo control phase-change product simultaneously, obtain tiny, uniform crystal grain; Thereby make material have good obdurability and cold formability; The composition system carbon equivalent that the present invention adopts all is controlled in 0.42, and the cold crack Sensitivity Index is controlled in 0.20%, and material has good welding property.
The controlling of production process main points that the present invention adopts are that the strict control of smelting process P, S, N content guarantee slab quality.Each cooling controlling and rolling controlling process parameter of the strict control of the operation of rolling, coil of strip are batched laggard burial pit and are carried out the slow cooling processing, can improve material property homogeneity and strip shape quality.
The Heating temperature that the present invention adopts is 1180 ℃～1250 ℃; Soaking time is calculated according to net thickness 1～1.5min/mm, adopts compound dissolution more abundant of Ti that the purpose of higher Heating temperature is to guarantee to form in austenite homogenizing and alloying element such as the strand, Nb;
Adopt the controlled rolling of two stages, intermediate blank thickness adopts 5 times～10 times finished product thicknesses, guarantees to have enough austenite non-recrystallization district draught, helps crystal grain thinning; Increase intermediate blank thickness and can shorten intermediate blank length simultaneously, thereby reduce that into the finish rolling head and tail temperature is poor, prevent that the afterbody temperature from reducing excessive increase mill load.
It is 950 ℃～1050 ℃ that the finish rolling process needs according to the strict control of finished product thickness specification finish rolling temperature in, and finishing temperature is 820～850 ℃; Adopting lower finish rolling district temperature is the effective ways that obtain tiny even grained, also is to guarantee that material has the key of good low temperature impelling strength.
Steel band adopts the leading portion cooling mode to carry out the laminar flow cooling after going out finish rolling, helps strengthening microstructure after phase transformation on the one hand and strengthens, and helps strengthening precipitating reinforcing effect on the other hand, obtains the tiny product of separating out in more ferritics, thereby effectively improves the strength of materials.The target coiling temperature that the present invention adopts is 560 ℃～600 ℃, and that mainly considers Ti, V fully separates out and guarantee to have enough phase change zone cooling rates.
Can use burial pit to carry out slow cooling after coil of strip rolls off the production line and handle, the coil of strip slow cooling goes out the hole to≤150 ℃.Adopt burial pit that coil of strip is carried out slow cooling, can make the logical volume mechanical property of material more even, and can effectively make internal stress obtain discharging and homogenizing, thereby improve strip shape quality, help carrying out smoothly of following process.
Technique effect of the present invention: the present invention adopts low-cost composition design; Give full play to strengthening effects such as refined crystalline strengthening, precipitation strength; Produce 750MPa～880MPa level vehicle and use hot-rolled coil, have good low-temperature impact toughness, can be used for production refitted car and heavy vehicle crossbeam and compartment such as card; Effectively realize the attenuate of material thickness, under the prerequisite that guarantees vehicle safety, can effectively realize lightweight.It is low to have cost of alloy, the characteristics that the rolling technology process is easy to realize; Slow cooling after rolling is handled and has further been improved quality product.The strength of materials of producing by the inventive method can reach 750MPa～880MPa, and unit elongation is greater than 19%, and-20 ℃ of ballistic works are greater than 47J, and clod wash and welding property are good.
Description of drawings:
The 880MPa level high-strength steel metallographic structure photo that Fig. 1 produces for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is precipitate transmission electron microscope photo in the high-strength steel of the present invention's production.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is done further detailed explanation:
The embodiment of the invention adopts 220 tons of converter smeltings, and 2250 hot continuous rolling production lines are rolled:
Embodiment 1:
With smelting in 220 tons of converters and becoming strand through the continuous casting of molten steel of external refining; Its weight percent is C:0.077%, Si:0.20%, Mn:1.50%, P:0.012%, S:0.003%, Al:0.041%, Nb:0.047%, Ti:0.10%, N:0.004%, and all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.Slab thickness is 230mm.
Be rolled at 2250 hot continuous rolling production lines, Heating temperature is 1200 ℃, and the finish rolling temperature in is 1000 ℃; Intermediate blank thickness is 54mm, and finishing temperature is 820 ℃, and target thickness is 10mm; Roll after laminar flow is chilled to 590 ℃ of target coiling temperatures, batch the back air cooling to room temperature.
The high-strength steel ys Rel that produces according to above method is 745MPa, and tensile strength is 820MPa, and unit elongation is 20%, clod wash D=2a surface flawless, and-20 ℃ of ballistic work 82J, (impact specimen is of a size of 7.5mm * 10mm * 55mm) for-40 ℃ of ballistic work 66J.
Embodiment 2:
With smelting in 220 tons of converters and becoming strand through the continuous casting of molten steel of external refining, its weight percent is identical with embodiment 1.Slab thickness is 230mm.
Be rolled at 2250 hot continuous rolling production lines, Heating temperature is 1220 ℃, and the finish rolling temperature in is 1020 ℃; Intermediate blank thickness is 42mm, and finishing temperature is 830 ℃, and target thickness is 8mm; Roll after laminar flow is chilled to 580 ℃ of target coiling temperatures, batch the back air cooling to room temperature.
The high-strength steel ys Rel that produces according to above method is 735MPa, and tensile strength is 800MPa, and unit elongation is 19%, clod wash D=2a surface flawless, and-20 ℃ of ballistic work 64J, (impact specimen is of a size of 5mm * 10mm * 55mm) for-40 ℃ of ballistic work 51J.
Embodiment 3:
With smelting in 220 tons of converters and becoming strand through the continuous casting of molten steel of external refining, its weight percent is identical with embodiment 1.Slab thickness is 230mm.
Be rolled at 2250 hot continuous rolling production lines, Heating temperature is 1250 ℃, and the finish rolling temperature in is 1060 ℃; Intermediate blank thickness is 34mm; Finishing temperature is 850 ℃, and target thickness is 4mm, rolls after laminar flow is chilled to 570 ℃ of target coiling temperatures; Coil of strip batches laggard burial pit, and temperature is lower than 150 ℃ and goes out to cheat air cooling to room temperature.
The high-strength steel ys Rel that produces according to above method is 750MPa, and tensile strength is 805MPa, and unit elongation is 20.5%, clod wash D=2a surface flawless.
Embodiment 4:
With smelting in 220 tons of converters and becoming strand through the continuous casting of molten steel of external refining; Its weight percent is C:0.075%, Si:0.22%, Mn:1.66%, P:0.013%, S:0.002%, Al:0.044%, Nb:0.052%, Ti:0.11%, N:0.004%, and all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.Slab thickness is 230mm.
Be rolled at 2250 hot continuous rolling production lines, Heating temperature is 1240 ℃, and the finish rolling temperature in is 1040 ℃; Intermediate blank thickness is 38mm; Finishing temperature is 840 ℃, and target thickness is 6mm, rolls after laminar flow is chilled to 580 ℃ of target coiling temperatures; Coil of strip batches laggard burial pit, and temperature is lower than 150 ℃ and goes out to cheat air cooling to room temperature.
The high-strength steel ys Rel that produces according to above method is 800MPa, and tensile strength is 855MPa, and unit elongation is 21%, clod wash D=2a surface flawless, and (impact specimen is of a size of 5mm * 10mm * 55mm) for-20 ℃ of ballistic work 47J.
Embodiment 5:
With smelting in 220 tons of converters and becoming strand through the continuous casting of molten steel of external refining; Its weight percent is C:0.069%, Si:0.19%, Mn:1.79%, P:0.011%, S:0.002%, Al:0.041%, Nb:0.045%, Ti:0.11%, Mo:0.11%, N:0.004%, and all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.Slab thickness is 230mm.
Be rolled at 2250 hot continuous rolling production lines, Heating temperature is 1240 ℃, and the finish rolling temperature in is 1040 ℃; Intermediate blank thickness is 38mm; Finishing temperature is 840 ℃, and target thickness is 6mm, rolls after laminar flow is chilled to 570 ℃ of target coiling temperatures; Coil of strip batches laggard burial pit, and temperature is lower than 150 ℃ and goes out to cheat air cooling to room temperature.
The high-strength steel ys Rel that produces according to above method is 820MPa, and tensile strength is 880MPa, and unit elongation is 21.5%, clod wash D=2a surface flawless, and (impact specimen is of a size of 5mm * 10mm * 55mm) for-20 ℃ of ballistic work 62J.
Embodiment 6:
With smelting in 220 tons of converters and becoming strand through the continuous casting of molten steel of external refining, its weight percent is identical with embodiment 5.Slab thickness is 230mm.
Be rolled at 2250 hot continuous rolling production lines, Heating temperature is 1220 ℃, and the finish rolling temperature in is 1020 ℃; Intermediate blank thickness is 42mm; Finishing temperature is 830 ℃, and target thickness is 8mm, rolls after laminar flow is chilled to 580 ℃ of target coiling temperatures; Coil of strip batches laggard burial pit, and temperature is lower than 150 ℃ and goes out to cheat air cooling to room temperature.
The high-strength steel ys Rel that produces according to above method is 815MPa, and tensile strength is 870MPa, and unit elongation is 20%, clod wash D=2a surface flawless, and-20 ℃ of ballistic work 74J, (impact specimen is of a size of 5mm * 10mm * 55mm) for-40 ℃ of ballistic work 45J.
Embodiment 7:
With smelting in 220 tons of converters and becoming strand through the continuous casting of molten steel of external refining; Its weight percent is C:0.07%, Si:0.20%, Mn:1.86%, P:0.012%, S:0.003%, Al:0.043%, Nb:0.059%, Ti:0.11%, Mo:0.14%, V:0.025%, N:0.004%, and all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.Slab thickness is 230mm.
Be rolled at 2250 hot continuous rolling production lines, Heating temperature is 1250 ℃, and the finish rolling temperature in is 1050 ℃; Intermediate blank thickness is 34mm; Finishing temperature is 840 ℃, and target thickness is 5mm, rolls after laminar flow is chilled to 570 ℃ of target coiling temperatures; Coil of strip batches laggard burial pit, and temperature is lower than 150 ℃ and goes out to cheat air cooling to room temperature.
The high-strength steel ys Rel that produces according to above method is 825MPa, and tensile strength is 880MPa, and unit elongation is 19%, clod wash D=2a surface flawless.
Embodiment 8:
With smelting in 220 tons of converters and becoming strand through the continuous casting of molten steel of external refining, its weight percent is identical with embodiment 7.Slab thickness is 230mm.
Be rolled at 2250 hot continuous rolling production lines, Heating temperature is 1240 ℃, and the finish rolling temperature in is 1020 ℃; Intermediate blank thickness is 42mm; Finishing temperature is 830 ℃, and target thickness is 7.5mm, rolls after laminar flow is chilled to 570 ℃ of target coiling temperatures; Coil of strip batches laggard burial pit, and temperature is lower than 150 ℃ and goes out to cheat air cooling to room temperature.
The high-strength steel ys Rel that produces according to above method is 830MPa, and tensile strength is 885MPa, and unit elongation is 19.5%, clod wash D=2a surface flawless, and (impact specimen is of a size of 5mm * 10mm * 55mm) for-20 ℃ of ballistic work 54J.
Claims (3)
1. 750MPa～880MPa level vehicle is used high-strength steel, it is characterized in that: the chemical ingredients of steel is by weight percentage: C:0.07～0.09%; Si:0.15-0.25%; Mn:1.4～1.9%; Nb:0.04～0.06%; Mo:0～0.15%; V:0～0.04%; Ti:0.07～0.14%; Al:0.01～0.06%; P :≤0.02%; S :≤0.01%; N :≤0.008%; All the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
2. 750MPa as claimed in claim 1～880MPa level vehicle is with the working method of high-strength steel; May further comprise the steps: converter or electrosmelting-LF refining or RH vacuum-treat-continuous casting-process furnace reheat-roughing-finish rolling-laminar flow cools off-batches rolling-burial pit slow cooling, it is characterized in that controlling following processing parameter:
(1) with strand in process furnace internal heating to 1180～1250 ℃, soaking time is controlled according to net thickness 1～1.5min/mm;
(2) adopt roughing, finish rolling two stages controlled rolling, intermediate blank thickness adopts 5 times～10 times finished product thicknesses, and the finish rolling temperature in is 950 ℃～1050 ℃, and finishing temperature is 820～850 ℃;
(3) roll the back and adopt the leading portion cooling mode to carry out the laminar flow cooling, the target coiling temperature is 560 ℃～600 ℃;
(4) the coil of strip back of rolling off the production line uses burial pit to carry out slow cooling to handle, and the coil of strip slow cooling goes out the hole during to≤150 ℃.
3. a kind of 750MPa as claimed in claim 2～880MPa level vehicle is characterized in that with the working method of high-strength steel: 6 frames or 7 frame finish rolling are adopted in said finish rolling.
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Application publication date: 20120229 |