CN102363440A - Floatover arrangement and method - Google Patents

Floatover arrangement and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102363440A
CN102363440A CN2011102123962A CN201110212396A CN102363440A CN 102363440 A CN102363440 A CN 102363440A CN 2011102123962 A CN2011102123962 A CN 2011102123962A CN 201110212396 A CN201110212396 A CN 201110212396A CN 102363440 A CN102363440 A CN 102363440A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
basis
barge
topside
floating
floating structure
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CN2011102123962A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
J·A·哈尼
N·P·瓦拉达拉筒
J·S·鲍德温
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BERBAKOV PAUL J
J Ray McDermott SA
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BERBAKOV PAUL J
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Publication of CN102363440A publication Critical patent/CN102363440A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B59/00Hull protection specially adapted for vessels; Cleaning devices specially adapted for vessels
    • B63B59/02Fenders integral with waterborne vessels or specially adapted therefor, e.g. fenders forming part of the hull or incorporated in the hull; Rubbing-strakes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/0017Means for protecting offshore constructions
    • E02B17/003Fenders
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0039Methods for placing the offshore structure
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0039Methods for placing the offshore structure
    • E02B2017/0043Placing the offshore structure on a pre-installed foundation structure

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning Or Clearing Of The Surface Of Open Water (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Ship Loading And Unloading (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

An arrangement and method for restraining surge and sway of the barge during floatover of a topside onto a substructure. Roller bumpers provided on the substructure guide the barge during slot entry and exit without the use of secondary mooring lines and restrain sway at the floatover position. Dedicated vertical bearing surfaces are provided on the substructure at the entry to the slot. Resilient bumpers are provided on the barge. The resilient bumpers engage with the dedicated vertical bearing surfaces on the substructure and position the barge in the floatover position in the longitudinal direction. A tug boat tows the barge into the slot until the resilient bumpers engage the dedicated vertical bearing surfaces. The tug continues to pull throughout the floatover operation to hold the barge in the floatover position.

Description

Buoyancy device and method
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to the installation of offshore structure, relates in particular to the installation of topside on the basis.
Background technology
Floating holder method is in paralic environment, topside to be installed to the operational method on the basis.The basis can be seat bottom type or floating structure.Topside is loaded on the carrier (being called barge down), transports to the installation site from the fabrication yard floor mop.In above-mentioned position barge is positioned between the supporting leg on basis, the heavy then bilge construction of putting is till the supporting leg of topside penetrates in the basic supporting leg.The heavy of topside put through ballasting sinking barge, and the machinery that supports topside or hydraulic efficiency gear are shunk and realizes.
In present most floating holder method, single barge hull floats between the parallel supporting leg of two rows on basis.Zone between the parallel supporting leg of two rows is known as " slit ".The basis must be designed to slit and have no framing member, and the degree of depth of slit must be greater than the draft of barge.When barge moved into slit, the major part of barge floated on the top, basis, therefore was called floating holder.The final position of barge in slit, promptly topside can by heavy put and with the position that the basis connects, be called floating restitope and put.Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 showed utilize slit float the holder sketch plan.Figure 1B is the lateral plan of Figure 1A.Fig. 2 is a birds-eye view.
In some cases, the basic design on basis makes it not possess the slit as the barge inlet.For example, the basis of cartridge type buoyant structure is a mono-major diameter vertical cylinder.Owing to can not there be slit, topside is placed on two parallel barges and is transported to the installation site.In floating holder process, the basis just is contained in the space between two barges, and topside is then across on two barges.Topside makes two parallel barges form catamaran across the hull of two parallel barges.Therefore, this operation form is called " catamaran " floating holder.Fig. 3-5 has showed cartridge type buoyant structure (Fig. 4) and has complied with the sketch plan that tower platform (Fig. 5) carries out the floating holder of catamaran.Fig. 3 A is a birds-eye view, and Fig. 3 B-5 is a lateral plan.
According to the sea condition of installation site, the one-movement-freedom-degree that is loaded with the barge of topside is 6 degree.Therefore, can produce between topside supporting leg and the supporting basic supporting leg and relatively move.If relatively moving between the supporting supporting leg on topside and basis is excessive, just can float the holder operation in the time of then must waiting for the sea condition relatively placidity.The time of waiting for for reducing, there has been multiple device to be used for relatively moving between supporting supporting leg on the limit levels face.Also have other device to be used for reducing the vertical impact load between supporting supporting leg.
When barge turnover slit, level attitude that must careful control barge does not impact it and damages to the basis.Going into seam and going out in the seam process the barge control of position is the successful key of floating holder.Going into seam and going out in the seam process, the technical characterstic of transportation pontoon level attitude control must be with put the technical characterstic that the supporting supporting leg of restriction relatively moves at floating restitope compatible mutually.
Going into seam and going out the apparatus and method of control transportation pontoon level attitude in the seam process, and barge is in when floating restitope is put and controls the apparatus and method that relatively move of supporting supporting leg on horizontal surface, at this as important prior art.
Main and less important anchoring arrangement is utilized separately for is going into seam, is going out to control in the seam process level attitude of barge in floating holder position.The anchoring array of the distribution that main anchoring arrangement is made up of the mooring line between the anchor in winch that operates at barge and seabed.Less important anchoring arrangement is the mooring line array that operates between the point of connection on barge winch or windlass and basis.Fig. 6-10 is the process scheme drawing, and it has showed how to realize into the seam operation and how barge is limited in floating restitope putting.In general, the length of main mooring line is adjustable; When barge and topside immigration slit, (being connected on the basic supporting leg) less important mooring line is connected with barge successively.The step of putting upside down into seam can realize out seam.The towboat dumb barge gets into slit.In some floating holder operation, the leading line of main anchoring arrangement is passed slit, and is used for dumb barge entering slit.Show like Fig. 6-10, in floating holder operation process, all barge is carried out not only difficulty but also very consuming time of suitable restriction in all positions through main and less important anchoring arrangement.In addition, many slack-free mooring lines of running are potential danger for the people that must work above deck above deck.
The action of main and less important anchoring arrangement only produces slight influence for the circulating motion of the transportation pontoon that wave force caused.The anchoring array that scatters is a flexible apparatus, is used to keep stable state or slowly changes the application force that is caused by constant speed wind or ocean current.Rough wave effect causes barge to center on a mean place doing periodic motion.Main anchoring arrangement is being kept the mean place of barge.Less important anchoring arrangement is used to limit moving that slow drift force, fitful wind cause, or is used to limit that main mooring line damages and the disturbance that causes.Except other factors, the cycle that the characteristic of the interface that the topside supporting leg matches with basic supporting leg must allow wave to cause moves.Figure 11 and 12 has showed that usually the characteristic of design interface how is allowing above-mentioned relatively moving.Maximum shown in Figure 11 allows that skew L must move the displacement sum that causes with the gentle slow drift of fitful wind greater than the cycle that wave causes.If actual shifts is allowed skew L less than maximum shown in Figure 11, when topside descended, the open end of basic supporting leg can receive the point of entrance of topside supporting leg bottom.Shown in figure 12, consequently supporting leg is linked to each other.
The horizontal position of energy disperser control barge has been adopted in the floating holder of some slits, and restriction waves and go off course, and relies on main and less important anchoring arrangement fully to replace.Energy disperser can be a rigidity, also can be flexible.Usually, the rigidity energy disperser is the steel structure (Figure 13) on direct connection basis.For the impact load between barge and the rigidity energy disperser is minimized, slit must be compact.That is to say between the side board of barge and rigidity energy disperser, very big space to be arranged.Go into seam and going out in the seam process, producing bigger cross velocity when bigger space can cause barge to jolt back and forth.What in the floating holder of compact slit, pay particular attention to is the driftage problem, and driftage can cause barge that the basis is produced leverage (Figure 14).The advantage of the floating holder of compact slit is, moving that the rigidity energy disperser allows to produce in the horizontal is very little; Its shortcoming is, can between barge and basis, produce bigger impulsive force and leverage.This impulsive force is greatly to only in gentle environment and the basis is enough firm in the horizontal just can attempt carrying out the floating holder of compact slit.
Because the side travel that interface characteristics must be held greater than the side travel that the floating holder of " compactness " slit is allowed, only uses the floating holder of slit of main and less important anchoring arrangement to can be described as the floating holder of " loose " slit.Otherwise in the floating holder of compact slit, the horizontal force between barge and the basis is greater than the horizontal force of the floating holder of loose slit.If the effect of using the flexible buffer device then can obtain to compromise.General elastomeric material such as the rubber of using is made energy disperser, so that it has flexibility.The lateral stiffness of flexible buffer device is greater than less important anchoring arrangement, but much smaller than the rigidity energy disperser.Generally, the flexible buffer device replaces less important anchoring system in turnover slit process, puts in case barge arrives floating restitope, less important mooring line (elastic thread) then is installed is controlled average lengthwise position (Figure 15).
Shown in Fig. 1 and other Anywhere, the most general basis is a jacket.Slit in the representative type jacket, this showed a kind of have be supported in the slit or vertically on the structure of supporting leg, but this supporting leg is not laterally supporting.This has caused the supporting leg longitudinal strength big and transverse strength is little.Therefore, if be among the adverse environment, preferably adopt the loose slit method of loose slit method or improvement for jacket.If the basis just had enough transverse strengths originally, then can adopt compact slit method.
In the environment that is unfavorable for floating holder, used special characteristic to increase the degree of utilization of erecting equipment, that is, and the fate of the floating holder installation phase that can attempt implementing.This special characteristic is through the fluctuating that reduces transportation pontoon and put at floating restitope and wave and increase degree of utilization.The zone that these special characteristics are used for surging throughout the year.Slit is demarcated to the main direction of surging and is waved to reduce as far as possible, can produce serious fluctuating but surge.In turnover slit operation process, the average transverse position of barge is jointly controlled by main and less important anchoring arrangement and flexible buffer device.In turnover slit process, do not limit the fluctuating of barge.
U.S. Pat 5,527,132 disclose a kind of machinery and hydraulic efficiency gear, have successfully limited what floating restitope was put and having waved and rising and falling.Yet, build this device and under operating condition, safeguard not only complicacy and cost very high.This device is put at floating restitope and is worked, but inoperative in turnover slit process.
In some canal systems and some dry dock entrance, with moving and the position of various roll-type energy dispersers control naval vessels.Figure 16 has showed 3 kinds of application forms of roll-type energy disperser, the guiding that promptly breasting dolphin (breasting dolphin), near the turning when the turning, steering a ship are protected and the guiding ship sails gate or canal inlet into.The roll-type energy disperser has various ways, but various forms all has the elastic circular ring that is installed on the vertical pivot.If the load that bears is higher, this elastic circular ring can be mounted in the air-inflation tyre on the wheel, and wheel is installed on the vertical pivot.If the load that bears is lower, this elastic circular ring can be processed by expanded material, and annulus is directly installed on the major diameter vertical pivot and does not use wheel.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves the defective that exists in the prior art.The present invention is a kind of restriction barge rises and falls and waves in floating holder to the process on basis with topside equipment and method.In barge turnover slit process, do not adopt less important mooring line, and adopt the roll-type energy disperser that is arranged on the basis to guide barge, and be limited in waving that floating restitope puts.Special-purpose vertical carrying surface is arranged on the slit entrance on basis.Elastic buffer is arranged on the barge.Said elastic buffer is meshed with the vertical carrying surface of said special use on the basis, puts the longitudinal register barge at floating restitope.Get into slit with the towboat dumb barge, join up to the special-purpose vertically carrying surface that is installed in elastic buffer and slit entrance on the barge.The towboat continuous traction is put barge is remained on floating restitope, up to topside installation in position on the basis.Afterwards, another towboat is hauled out slit with barge.
Describe various novel features of the present invention and embody, and constitute the part of disclosure text with the characteristic in additional claims.For a better understanding of the present invention and use the operational advantage brought, set forth the preferred embodiments of the present invention, constitute the part of disclosure text with reference to accompanying drawing and descriptive content.
Description of drawings
Appointment Reference numeral of quoting among the figure or relevant portion remain constant, constitute the part of this specification sheets:
Fig. 1-16 has showed prior art.
Figure 17 and 17A have showed the basic required equipment of.
Figure 18 and 18A have showed equipment required on the barge.
Figure 19-21 has showed a series of positions of barge in basic slit.
Figure 22 has showed the optional embodiment that adopts the floating holder of catamaran.
The specific embodiment
The birds-eye view of Figure 17 has been showed equipment required on the basis of the present invention, is placed with deck or topside on this basis.The central upper horizontal support 10 on basis all is shown between the basic supporting leg 12, and this basis upper level supports 10 also shown in the partial view of adjacent component, so that can show the roll-type energy disperser 14 that is positioned at the central area.Shown in figure 17, this roll-type energy disperser 14 also is arranged on each place, end on basis.Figure 17 A has showed the vertical carrying surface 16 that is arranged on the basic supporting leg best.
Figure 18 and 18A have showed that the equipment of deck or topside is installed in required being used on the barge 18 of the present invention.Energy disperser framework 20 is arranged on the side of barge 18, and stretches out from the side of barge 18.One side of each energy disperser framework 20 is provided with elastic buffer 22.Energy disperser framework 20 is fixed on the barge 18 as vertical brake component, so that put location barge and topside at floating restitope with elastic buffer 22.Although the barge of the support topside that the present invention relates to is specific, be that as long as its size is fit to operational method of the present invention, any type of floating structure all can be used for supporting and installing this topside with being to be understood that.
Using the floating holder of present device to install implements as follows: shown in figure 19, court's basic dumb barge 18 to barge is positioned at the center of basic slit, and the first segment of roll-type energy disperser 14 and barge 18 join.Use towboat (not shown) and traction lashing 24 dumb barges 18.Figure 20 has showed that barge 18 parts get into slit, and Figure 21 has showed that barge puts whole entering slits at floating restitope.Roll-type energy disperser 14 touches with the flanked of barge 18, and the horizontal position of restriction barge 18 in slit.Shown in figure 21, elastic buffer 22 contacts with vertical carrying surface 16 location on basis.Towboat tractive traction lashing 24 is to keep and should contact.Along with the fluctuating of barge 18, energy disperser 22 slides up and down along vertical carrying surface 16.For ease of showing the mutual action with vertical carrying surface 16, near the roll-type energy disperser 14 of energy disperser framework 20 not shown in Figure 21.
Although said device has significantly reduced fluctuating, it is not eliminated fully.This elastic buffer 22 is constantly compression and stretching, extension in whole floating holder operation process.Open a little gap sometimes between energy disperser 22 and the vertical carrying surface 16.But the hardness of the pulling force of towboat bollard and energy disperser 22 makes the skew between the supporting leg that is complementary not exceed the maximum shown in Figure 11 and allows skew.
The constraint that roll-type energy disperser 14 applies has weakened greatly waves.The hardness of roll-type energy disperser 14 makes the skew between the supporting leg that is complementary not exceed the maximum shown in Figure 11 and allows skew.
The present invention has omitted less important mooring line of the prior art.The winch and the power capstan that connect less important mooring line also are omitted.Shown in figure 15, if use is elastic thread, also omitted by the present invention.When in slit, vertically moving, roll-type energy disperser 14 is automatic laterally steering effect owing to its rolling has.The elastic buffer that is installed on the barge framework contacts with the vertical carrying surface on basis, has formed vertical braking of putting the self-orientation barge at floating restitope.Compared with prior art, the simplification of operation makes that implementing the floating holder required time of operation greatly reduces.Owing to omitted the slack-free less important mooring line that operates in top, barge deck, personal security is able to strengthen.Compared with prior art, required equipment is also simplified and economy more.
Figure 22 has showed an optional embodiment of the present invention, promptly to the for example floating holder of catamaran of cylinder of core structure.Although performance is different, its theory is identical with the floating holder of method and aforementioned slots formula.Roll-type energy disperser 14 is arranged on the cylindrical structure 26, is the radial suitable distance that stretches out, with contact and guiding binary barge 28.The energy disperser framework 20 that elastic buffer is housed also is arranged on the binary barge 28.The epitaxy part of cylindrical structure 26 is provided with vertical carrying surface 30, cooperating above-mentioned elastic buffer, in floating holder operation with on cylindrical structure 26, install in the process of bilge construction binary barge 28 and topside are fixed.
Because irrelevant with the present invention, the main mooring line of in the above-mentioned accompanying drawing of showing apparatus of the present invention and method, also mentioning in the not shown prior art.According to specific floating holder design, can use, all perhaps not use the main mooring line shown in the prior art.
Although above displaying and specific embodiment of the present invention has been described and/or details to show the application of the principles of the present invention; But should be understood that; The present invention can implement according to description more complete in claims or the alternate manner that those skilled in the art knew (comprising arbitrarily and all equivalences replacement), and without prejudice to above-mentioned principle.

Claims (3)

1. the floating holder in coastal waters apparatus for work with being supported on topside transportation by driving on the floating structure to the basis, is installed in this topside on the basis then, and said device comprises:
A. many roll-type energy dispersers, said a plurality of roll-type energy dispersers link to each other with the basis and stretch out from said basis, so that in floating holder operation process, join with said floating structure;
B. the vertical carrying surface that links to each other with said basis; And
C. at least two elastic buffers, it links to each other with said floating structure and locatees, so that in floating holder operation process, join with the vertical carrying surface on said basis.
2. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: said elastic buffer is positioned at and is used as vertical brake component on the said floating structure, so that floating structure and topside are suitable arrangement location and installation to the basis.
3. one kind is used for the topside that is supported on the floating structure is installed to the floating holder method on the basis, coastal waters, comprises the steps:
A., a plurality of roll-type energy dispersers are set, so that said roll-type energy disperser stretches out from said basis and floating holder operation process, contacts and guide said floating structure on said basis;
B., at least two vertical carrying surfaces are set on said basis;
C., at least two elastic buffers are set, thereby said elastic buffer contacts with the vertical carrying surface on said basis in floating holder operation process on the floating structure that supports topside;
The floating structure that d. will support topside moves near the position on basis and with the roll-type energy disperser and contacts, so that said roll-type energy disperser helps to make floating structure in position to locate;
E. continue to move floating structure to making elastic buffer and the vertical contacted position of carrying surface, topside is alignd on this position with the basis, so that topside is installed on the basis;
F. the floating structure ballasting is sunk, and topside is installed on the basis; And
G. floating structure is removed.
CN2011102123962A 2010-06-15 2011-06-14 Floatover arrangement and method Pending CN102363440A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/815,556 US20110305522A1 (en) 2010-06-15 2010-06-15 Floatover arrangement and method
US12/815,556 2010-06-15

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US (1) US20110305522A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2397400A3 (en)
CN (1) CN102363440A (en)
AU (1) AU2011202796B2 (en)
BR (1) BRPI1103072B1 (en)
MX (1) MX2011006274A (en)
MY (1) MY152785A (en)
SG (1) SG177093A1 (en)

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CN106985969A (en) * 2016-01-21 2017-07-28 中国国际海运集装箱(集团)股份有限公司 A kind of positioner and its localization method
CN108216486A (en) * 2018-01-08 2018-06-29 上海外高桥造船有限公司 Floating support module for ship and the floating holding frame frame comprising it
WO2019019477A1 (en) * 2017-07-28 2019-01-31 广船国际有限公司 Ship barging guiding protective pile and semi-submersible barge with the same
CN111516826A (en) * 2020-04-29 2020-08-11 上海交通大学 Position deviation-based floating-support installation ship entry control method and system

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NL2012008B1 (en) 2012-12-21 2016-07-08 Suction Pile Tech B V Offshore installation method, e.g. by floatover, and system.
CN103979083B (en) * 2014-05-04 2016-03-23 中国海洋石油总公司 A kind of self propelled barge and operational method thereof of floating holder for jacket chunk
CN105151239A (en) * 2015-05-19 2015-12-16 中国海洋石油总公司 Shipboard supporting structure used for integrally dismounting offshore platform topside module by means of two boat flotage
US10836459B2 (en) * 2016-11-17 2020-11-17 Cccc First Harbor Engineering Co., Ltd. Self-propelled integrated ship for transporting and installing immersed tubes of underwater tunnel and construction process

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106985969A (en) * 2016-01-21 2017-07-28 中国国际海运集装箱(集团)股份有限公司 A kind of positioner and its localization method
WO2019019477A1 (en) * 2017-07-28 2019-01-31 广船国际有限公司 Ship barging guiding protective pile and semi-submersible barge with the same
CN108216486A (en) * 2018-01-08 2018-06-29 上海外高桥造船有限公司 Floating support module for ship and the floating holding frame frame comprising it
CN108216486B (en) * 2018-01-08 2019-10-25 上海外高桥造船有限公司 Floating support mould group for ship and the floating holding frame frame comprising it
CN111516826A (en) * 2020-04-29 2020-08-11 上海交通大学 Position deviation-based floating-support installation ship entry control method and system
CN111516826B (en) * 2020-04-29 2022-05-27 上海交通大学 Position deviation-based floating-support installation ship entry control method and system

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AU2011202796A1 (en) 2012-01-12
BRPI1103072B1 (en) 2020-10-20
EP2397400A3 (en) 2017-08-09
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AU2011202796B2 (en) 2012-04-26
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BRPI1103072A2 (en) 2012-11-20
MX2011006274A (en) 2011-12-14

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Application publication date: 20120229