CN102360700B - Permanent magnet system for room-temperature magnetic refrigerator - Google Patents
Permanent magnet system for room-temperature magnetic refrigerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN102360700B CN102360700B CN201110253060.0A CN201110253060A CN102360700B CN 102360700 B CN102360700 B CN 102360700B CN 201110253060 A CN201110253060 A CN 201110253060A CN 102360700 B CN102360700 B CN 102360700B
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- magnetic
- permanent magnet
- magnetic conduction
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- magnetic material
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- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
Abstract
The invention discloses a permanent magnet system for a room-temperature magnetic refrigerator. The permanent magnet system comprises a permanent magnet for providing an excitation source and an E-shaped magnetic conduction framework for conducting magnetism; the whole framework is divided into upper and lower regions by a magnet core in the middle part of the magnetic conduction framework; the outer end of the magnet core is a platform structure with upper and lower protruding parts; two layers of magnetic conduction materials are respectively arranged between the upper and lower regions and the outer ends of the magnetic conduction materials are leveled to the outer end of the magnet core; a gap is reserved between the inner ends of the magnetic conduction materials and the inner wall of the framework; a working gap is formed between the magnetic conduction materials and a platform of the magnet core; and the permanent magnets with different magnetizing directions are filled into the magnetic conduction framework regions outside the working gap in a direction determined by the Halbach rotation principle. According to the permanent magnet system provided by the invention, more magnetic working mediums can be loaded so that the refrigeration amount is increased; the uniformity of the field strength of an air gap is good, the heat exchange inside the magnetic working mediums is reduced, the heat exchange efficiency is increased and the structure is more compact and efficient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of permanent magnet system for room-temperature magnetic refrigerator.
Background technology
Magnetic Refrigeration Technique is the magneto-caloric effect (Magnetocaloric Effect) that utilizes magnetic refrigerating material (magnetic working medium) to have, be that magnetic working medium enters in magnetic field (excitation) to extraneous heat release, exit this characteristic of absorbing heat to the external world in magnetic field (demagnetization) and realize refrigeration.Its principle is electron magnetic moment orderly arrangement in magnetic field, causes magnetic entropy to reduce, and causes the heating of magnetic working medium; Exit behind magnetic field magnetic moment and arrange unorderedly, magnetic entropy increases, and magnetic working medium will be absorbed heat from the external world, and these two thermodynamic cycle process for (circulating in Carnot cycle, Ericsson cycle, Stirling circulation and Brighton) are linked together and can realize refrigeration.
Room-temperature magnetic refrigerator mainly should comprise that the several parts of excitation source, magnetic working medium, cold hot-side heat exchanger and heat transfer fluid conduit form, wherein excitation source, magnetic working medium and heat transfer fluid conduit are that the emphasis designing in magnetic refrigerator is also difficult point, the design of multiple magnetic refrigerator has been proposed at present both at home and abroad, be summed up, these designs, according to the design of magnetic field sources, mainly contain superconducting magnet and the two kinds of modes of permanent magnet of adopting.For the former, utilize superconductor technology can produce very high magnetic field, but applied in room temperature magnetic refrigerating, can make device complexity greatly improve, and expensive, easy care not, thereby be only suitable in theory and experimental study.Along with the continuous appearance of superpower permanet magnetic material and efficient magnetic hot working fluid material, utilizing permanent magnet is relative price method cheap, that easily realize as magnetic field sources.The magnetic energy product of the rare-earth permanent magnet NdFeB manufacturing at present has surpassed 400kJ/m
3, remanent magnetism B
rreach 1.4T, coercive force H
creach 1100kA/m.The raising of permanent magnet magnetic performance has greatly promoted the development of room temperature magnetic refrigerating technology, and will make the structure of magnetic refrigerator compacter.
For the refrigeration temperature that increases magnetic refrigerator across and refrigeration work consumption, need the magnetizing field of higher-strength, people have designed hollow cylindrical magnet structure according to Halbach rotation theorem.Although this magnet structure can produce larger magnetic field, also there is certain shortcoming, be exactly that magnetic structure is complicated, manufacturing cost is high, and the working clearance that this hollow cylindrical permanent magnetic field provides is less, makes magnetic working medium consumption less, thereby make refrigeration work consumption very low.People improve again this magnet structure, the patent that for example application number is " 200810223038.X " has proposed a kind of permanent magnet system of rotary magnetic refrigeration, but the magnet system after improving, owing to having added two conducting magnet cores in the working clearance, cause magnetic working medium quality greatly to reduce.Still there is following problem in the permanent magnet magnetic field source that up to the present room temperature magnetic refrigerating model machine is used:
1. gap field even intensity is bad, and magnetic working medium inside exists heat exchange, has reduced heat exchange efficiency.
2. the larger permanent magnet system of gap field intensity, magnet structure is complicated, processing and assembling difficulty is large, cost is high.
3. magnetic working medium box is stressed asymmetric, is subject to the effect torsional deformation of the asymmtric load of alternation, has increased the use and maintenance expense of room-temperature magnetic refrigerator.
4. in the size of working gas gap and the relation of magnetic field intensity, how to accomplish to increase the quality of magnetic working medium and the magnetic field intensity that do not reduce working gas gap is also to need the problem that solves.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, propose relatively simple, the efficient permanent magnet systems of a kind of structure for room-temperature magnetic refrigerator, make room temperature magnetic refrigerating function at room temperature realize large refrigeration work consumption.
A kind of permanent magnet system for room-temperature magnetic refrigerator, it is characterized in that, comprise the E type magnetic conduction framework that the permanent magnet of excitation source is provided and plays magnetic conduction effect, the magnetic core of described magnetic conduction frame mid portion is divided into upper and lower two intervals by whole framework, and the outer end of described magnetic core is outstanding up and down platform structure; In upper and lower two intervals, be respectively equipped with two-layer permeability magnetic material, the outer end of described permeability magnetic material is concordant with the outer end of magnetic core, inner and frame inner wall leaves gap, between permeability magnetic material and the platform of magnetic core, form the working clearance, in the intervals of business the interior permanent magnet of inserting different magnetizing directions by the definite direction of Halbach rotation theorem between outer magnetic conduction framework region.
Preferably, described permanent magnet is the rare-earth Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet with high energy product; Described conducting magnet core framework and permeability magnetic material be there is high magnetic permeability, the electrical pure iron of low-coercivity.
Preferably, described permeability magnetic material is fixed on E type magnetic conduction framework.
Preferably, described outstanding berm width accounts for 30%～50% of magnetic core width.
Preferably, between the permanent magnet that described permeability magnetic material inner face and one side are filled, leave gap.
Preferably, the width of described permeability magnetic material is identical with outstanding berm width.
Select the reason of E type structure: the one, the magnet use amount of the non-key part of minimizing, uses conducting magnet core material substitution, thereby greatly cost-saving, meets the social development demand of low-carbon environment-friendly; Moreover be exactly that magnetic interaction power magnetic working medium being produced by upper and lower two symmetrical magnetic fields can be cancelled out each other, can not produce single-edge magnetic attraction.By this magnet structure, can obtain two equal and opposite in directions, the magnetic field that pole orientation is contrary.When magnetic working medium is magnetized and is demagnetized, because the axial magnetic pull that pole orientation makes magnetic working medium be subject to is on the contrary cancelled out each other, thereby reduce moment of torsion and input power, increase refrigerating efficiency.On the other hand, no matter be rotary or reciprocating, ordinary circumstance all can adopt two cover magnet systems and two groups of magnetic working medium, and when one group of magnetic working medium enters magnetic field magnetisation, other one group just will be exited magnetic field and demagnetizes.Because the phasic difference of two groups of magnetic working medium is 180 °, be so also in order to reduce the magnetic attraction of radial direction.Magnet system shown in Fig. 1 meets such requirement completely, can process and be prepared into fan shape, for the magnet system of rotary type magnetic refrigerating device, as shown in Figure 3, also can be processed into linear pattern, for the magnet system of shuttle type magnetic refrigerator, as shown in Figure 4.Therefore magnet structure set forth in the present invention has more wide application space.
Key point of the present invention is in the design of conducting magnet core, in order to make magnetic field intensity in the working clearance large and evenly, need to reduce leakage field as far as possible, makes the two poles of the earth in magnetic field smooth and be parallel to each other as far as possible.But permanent magnet process for machining and manufacturing is complicated, so we are at the permeability magnetic material of the surface of permanent magnet increase one deck high magnetic permeability, by controlling the machining accuracy of permeability magnetic material, reach the uniform object of magnetic field intensity.At magnet structure two side sections, the method by screw fastener is fixed on this one deck permeability magnetic material on E type conducting magnet core in employing, makes permanent magnet blocks to be closely linked simultaneously.
Permanent magnet system for room-temperature magnetic refrigerator provided by the present invention has the following advantages and gives prominence to effect: gap field space is larger, can load more magnetic working medium, increases refrigerating capacity; Gap field field intensity good uniformity, has reduced the heat exchange of magnetic working medium inside, increases heat exchange efficiency; The symmetrical structure of two air gaps, has reduced greatly and has installed suffered axial force, can reach and reduce input power, improves refrigerating efficiency; The symmetrical structure with two air-gaps, can carry out excitation (demagnetization) to two parts magnetic working medium simultaneously, thereby can make room-temperature magnetic refrigerator structure compacter, efficient.Also use and the maintenance cost of room-temperature magnetic refrigerator will be reduced simultaneously; Because the permanent magnet systems the present invention relates to is for Halbach hollow cylindrical permanent-magnet structure, magnet consumption reduces and the magnetic field intensity of working clearance does not reduce, and structure is relatively simple simultaneously, and therefore whole magnet processing and manufacturing cost will greatly reduce; In addition, can be as required, both can make cross section for the permanent magnet systems apart from shape is for reciprocating room temperature magnetic refrigerating machine, also can make cross section and be fan-shaped permanent magnet systems for rotary room-temperature magnetic refrigerator.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the generalized section of permanent magnet system for room-temperature magnetic refrigerator provided by the present invention.
The magnetic line of force distribution map of Fig. 2 magnet structure.
Fig. 3 is the schematic three dimensional views of magnet structure for rotary room-temperature magnetic refrigerator provided by the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic three dimensional views of magnet structure for reciprocating room temperature magnetic refrigerating machine provided by the present invention.
The scatter chart of Fig. 5 magnetic field intensity in the working clearance.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, structure of the present invention, principle are further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of permanent magnet system for room-temperature magnetic refrigerator, comprise the E type magnetic conduction framework 9 that the permanent magnet of excitation source is provided and plays magnetic conduction effect, the magnetic core 3 at described magnetic conduction framework 9 middle parts is divided into upper and lower two intervals by whole framework, and the outer end of described magnetic core 3 is outstanding up and down platform structure; Described outstanding berm width accounts for 40% of magnetic core width.
In upper and lower two intervals, be respectively equipped with two-layer permeability magnetic material 1,5, described permeability magnetic material 1,5 is fixed on E type magnetic conduction framework 9.The outer end of described permeability magnetic material 1,5 is concordant with the outer end of magnetic core 3, inner and framework 9 inwalls leave gap, permeability magnetic material 1,5 and magnetic core form the working clearance between outstanding platform 4,2 up and down, insert in the intervals of business the permanent magnet 6,7,8,10,11,12 of different magnetizing directions between outer permeability magnetic material 1,5 and framework 9 by the definite direction of Halbach rotation theorem.Between described permeability magnetic material 1,5 inner faces and the permanent magnet 8,10 of filling, leave gap, and the width of permeability magnetic material is identical with outstanding up and down platform 4,2 width, with this, increases size and the uniformity in magnetic field.Described permanent magnet is rare-earth Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet; Described conducting magnet core framework and permeability magnetic material are electrical pure iron.
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of magnet structure for room-temperature magnetic refrigerator.This excitation source is mainly comprised of rare-earth Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 6,7,8,10,11,12 and magnetic conduction framework (hatching) 9 two parts.Wherein the direction of arrow in permanent magnet is magnetizing direction, and its magnetizing direction is determined by Halbach rotation theorem.
Fig. 2 is the magnetic line of force distribution map of magnet system.With respect to Halbach hollow cylindrical permanent-magnet structure, although reduced the quantity of magnet, still formed large and magnetic field uniformly in the intervals of business.
The permanent magnet systems processing of the present embodiment is prepared into fan shape (being that cross section is fan-shaped), for the magnet system of rotary type magnetic refrigerating device, as shown in Figure 3.This magnet system is to adopt 6 blocks of permanent magnetic materials and 3 blocks of permeability magnetic materials to assemble, and simple in structure, manufacturing cost is little.Owing to being that in the working clearance providing, magnetic field intensity is larger based on Halbach rotation magnetic circuit principle, add employing permeability magnetic material as magnetic pole, make Distribution of Magnetic Field more even.
Fig. 5 is the distribution map of fan-shaped permanent magnet magnetic field intensity in the working clearance of using of rotary type magnetic refrigerating device.According to the physical dimension ratio shown in Fig. 3, adopt NdFeB model be N48M as permanent magnetic material, the internal diameter 200mm of magnet 12, external diameter 320mm, high 60mm.The internal diameter 320mm of magnet 11, external diameter 400mm, high 60mm.The internal diameter 320mm of magnet 10, external diameter 400mm, high 30mm.The height of working clearance is 20mm, and width is 50mm.The size of magnet 6,7,8 is corresponding identical with magnet 12,11,10.The intensity of center magnetizing field has reached 1.2T, and the uniformity is very good.The magnetic field distribution of the curve representative on Fig. 5 top working clearance above, the magnetic field distribution of the curve representative of bottom working clearance below.The fan-shaped permanent magnet working clearance that visible rotary type magnetic refrigerating device is used is very large, and magnetic refrigeration working substance Metal Gd is all filled in this space, and its quality reaches 3100g.Dwindle the size of working clearance or increase magnet relative size, the magnetic field intensity of working clearance will further increase.In magnetic refrigerator, adopt two cover magnet systems and two groups of magnetic working medium, for this structure, the axial magnetic pull that whole system is produced and radially magnetic pull are zero substantially.
Embodiment 2
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is, this permanent magnet systems is processed into linear pattern (being that cross section is rectangle), for the magnet system of shuttle type magnetic refrigerator, as shown in Figure 4.
Claims (7)
1. a permanent magnet system for room-temperature magnetic refrigerator, is characterized in that, comprises the E type magnetic conduction framework that the permanent magnet of excitation source is provided and plays magnetic conduction effect, and the protuberance in the middle of magnetic conduction framework is a magnetic core, and whole framework is divided into upper and lower two intervals; The stiff end of described magnetic core and magnetic conduction framework is inner, and inner corresponding openend is outer end, and the outer end of described magnetic core is outstanding up and down platform structure; In upper and lower two intervals, be respectively equipped with two-layer permeability magnetic material, the outer end of described permeability magnetic material is concordant with the outer end of magnetic core, inner and frame inner wall leaves gap, between permeability magnetic material and the platform of magnetic core, form the working clearance, in the intervals of business the interior permanent magnet of inserting different magnetizing directions by the definite direction of Halbach rotation theorem between outer magnetic conduction framework region.
2. permanent magnet systems according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described permanent magnet is rare-earth Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet; Described magnetic conduction framework and permeability magnetic material are electrical pure iron.
3. permanent magnet systems according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described permeability magnetic material is fixed on E type magnetic conduction framework.
4. permanent magnet systems according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described outstanding berm width accounts for 30%～50% of magnetic core width.
5. permanent magnet systems according to claim 4, is characterized in that, between the permanent magnet that fill described permeability magnetic material inner face and its inner side, leaves gap.
6. permanent magnet systems according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the width of described permeability magnetic material is identical with outstanding berm width.
7. permanent magnet systems according to claim 6, is characterized in that, this permanent magnet systems cross section is in the horizontal direction rectangle or fan-shaped.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110253060.0A CN102360700B (en) | 2011-08-30 | 2011-08-30 | Permanent magnet system for room-temperature magnetic refrigerator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110253060.0A CN102360700B (en) | 2011-08-30 | 2011-08-30 | Permanent magnet system for room-temperature magnetic refrigerator |
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| CN102360700B true CN102360700B (en) | 2014-04-02 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7038565B1 (en) * | 2003-06-09 | 2006-05-02 | Astronautics Corporation Of America | Rotating dipole permanent magnet assembly |
| CN101256874A (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2008-09-03 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Permanent magnetism magnetic body system for rotating magnetic refrigerating device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN202258630U (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2012-05-30 | 华南理工大学 | Permanent magnet system for room-temperature magnetic refrigerator |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7038565B1 (en) * | 2003-06-09 | 2006-05-02 | Astronautics Corporation Of America | Rotating dipole permanent magnet assembly |
| CN101256874A (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2008-09-03 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Permanent magnetism magnetic body system for rotating magnetic refrigerating device |
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Application publication date: 20120222 Assignee: Guangdong Zheng De material surface Science and Technology Ltd. Assignor: South China University of Technology Contract record no.: 2015440000400 Denomination of invention: Permanent magnet system for room-temperature magnetic refrigerator Granted publication date: 20140402 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20150701 |
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Assignee: Guangdong Zheng De material surface Science and Technology Ltd. Assignor: South China University of Technology Contract record no.: 2015440000400 Date of cancellation: 20160512 |
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Effective date of registration: 20160518 Address after: 528437 twentieth building, first, second storey factory building, No. 18, Pioneer Road, Torch Development Zone, Guangdong, Zhongshan Patentee after: Guangdong Zheng De material surface Science and Technology Ltd. Address before: 510640 Tianhe District, Guangdong, No. five road, No. 381, Patentee before: South China University of Technology |
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